CN110903091B - 一种SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910009817 Ti3SiC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 45
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000011218 binary composite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001272 pressureless sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100136092 Drosophila melanogaster peng gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于复合材料技术领域,涉及一种SiC‑Ti3SiC2复合材料及其制备方法。碳化硅复合材料为二元复合材料,包括70~95vol.%六方碳化硅和5~30vol.%Ti3SiC2。制备时,将六方碳化硅和Ti3SiC2粉末在行星球磨机里混料;混合均匀后进行预压,预压压力为10~500MPa,预压10~60s;然后把预压后的样品进行热压烧结,烧结压力20~50MPa,烧结温度1100~2000℃,保温10~90min,制得碳化硅复合材料。本发明通过Ti3SiC2的添加可以提高SiC韧性及致密度,得到的SiC‑Ti3SiC2复合材料具有高韧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料技术领域,涉及一种SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
SiC陶瓷是一种具有代表性的非氧化物先进陶瓷之一,具有热膨胀系数低、硬度高、抗氧化性和耐磨性优异等优点。因此,碳化硅材料被广泛应用于刀具、精密轴承、密封件、气轮机转子、喷嘴热交换器部件,原子热反应堆材料,防弹装甲板,大规模集成电路底板及火箭发动机燃烧室喉衬和内衬材料等,近年来,SiC材料在LED材料和半导体领域得到了广泛的应用,表明高纯度SiC材料对LED的需求越来越大。
碳化硅熔点高,因此人们通过采用热压烧结、放电等离子烧结(SPS)等技术降低其烧结温度。Y .B .Liu采用固相烧结法(无压烧结和热压烧结)成功制备了高致密度的碳化硅陶瓷。主要研究了烧结温度、保温时间、热压压力对碳化硅陶瓷性能的影响并确定了最佳工艺参数,实验结果表明,无压烧结最佳工艺参数:烧结温度2010℃,保温时间45min,SiC陶瓷体积密度高达3 .1261g/cm3,断裂韧性达4 .46M· Pam1/2,抗弯强度达379MPa;热压烧结最佳工艺参数:烧结温度1900℃,保温时间60min,热压压力50MPa,SiC陶瓷体积密度达3.1756g/cm3,断裂韧性5.12M· Pam1/2,抗弯强度达596MPa[Y .B .Liu .Preparation ofsolid phase sintering and grinding medium balls of SiC ceramics .Xi 'anUniversity of Science and Technology ,2015]。为了进一步降低SiC陶瓷的烧结温度,促进SiC陶瓷的致密化,通常都需要添加一定量的烧结助剂(Al2O3、Y2O3等)。C .C .Peng以硅微粉、超细铝粉和不同碳源为原料,采用埋石墨法成功原位合成α-Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷材料。结果表明:摩尔比n(SiO2):n(Al):n(C)=3:4:4、炭黑为碳源、成型压力≥10Mpa、合成温度、保温时间分别为1450℃、3h时,复相陶瓷开口气孔率为13.39%,体积密度为3.12g/cm3,抗弯强度为172.4MPa[C .C .Peng .Preparation and properties of reactivesintered Al2O3/SiC composites .South China University of Technology ,2015]。然而,采用氧化物作为烧结助剂最大的缺点是SiC的晶界处存在玻璃相,降低SiC陶瓷的高温性能,并能引起晶粒的异常长大。X .G .Wang采用α-SiC、β-SiC粉体为原料,B4C为烧结助剂,热压烧结制备SiC陶瓷。研究结果表明:在烧结温度1900℃、保温时间60min及烧结压力50MPa的烧结条件下可以获得致密度为99.2%的SiC陶瓷,当添加10%的β-SiC后,陶瓷生成大量长柱状颗粒,同时断裂韧性和抗弯强度亦有所提高。但因固相烧结不存在弱界面结合,故对SiC陶瓷整体性能的增强有限[X .G .Wang ,J .Cui ,Y .B.Liu ,et al .Study onhot pressing sintering properties of silicon carbide ceramics .Chineseceramic ,2014 ,50(04):11–14]。碳化硅复合材料烧结温度高,韧性低的问题仍没有得到解决,为了提高SiC陶瓷的强度及韧性,仍需对SiC材料及制备方法进行改进。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明将机械合金化法(MA)制备的Ti3SiC2与六方碳化硅粉末进行混合,采用热压烧结(HP)制备碳化硅复合材料。
为实现上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料,其包含六方碳化硅和Ti3SiC2,所述六方碳化硅的体积百分比为70~95vol.%,Ti3SiC2的体积百分比为5~30vol.%。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述六方碳化硅微粉的纯度为99%,粒度为2μm;Ti3SiC2的粒度为4μm以下。
一种SiC- Ti3SiC2复合材料的制备方法,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将预设摩尔比的碳化钛、硅、钛和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比即碳化钨磨球与原料粉末质量之比为10:1~20:1,转速为250~450r/min,球磨时间为7~10h,每转1h,停机20min进行散热,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行放电等离子(SPS)烧结,升温速率为30~100℃/min,压力为10~50MPa,真空度低于4Pa,烧结温度为850~1400℃,制得Ti3SiC2含量在95%以上的烧结体,充分研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、往步骤S2得到的Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体中加入体积百分比为70~95vol .%六方碳化硅粉末进行球磨混料,球料质量比即碳化钨磨球与原料粉末质量之比为5:1~10:1,球磨转速为250~350r/min,球磨5~10h,每转1h,停机20min进行散热;将混料完成的Ti3SiC2、TiC和六方碳化硅粉末混合物装填入硬质合金模具中进行预压,预压压力为10~500MPa,预压10~60s;把预压后的样品装入石墨磨具中进行热压烧结(HP),烧结压力为20~50MPa,烧结温度为1100~2000℃,保温为10~90min,然后降温卸压,制得碳化硅复合材料。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述碳化钛粉末、硅粉、碳粉和铝粉的摩尔比为10:5:5:1。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述碳化钛粉末的粒径为1~3μm,纯度为99.5%。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述硅粉的粒径为1~3μm,纯度为99.5%。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述钛粉的粒径为1~2μm,纯度为99%。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述铝粉的粒径为1~2μm,纯度为99 .6%,Al的加入促使TiC尽可能地转变为Ti3SiC2,减少了TiC等杂质的含量。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,步骤S1和S3的球磨过程均采用5mm和8mm两种WC硬质合金球。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,步骤S3中具体烧结工艺为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力至20~50MPa;然后,以20℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000℃,在1000℃保温10min;再以20℃/min的升温速率从1000℃升到1100~2000℃,保温10~90min,随炉冷却,得到毛坯,将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
本发明有益效果:
本发明的制备方法中,通过Ti3SiC2的添加可以提高SiC韧性及致密度,Ti3SiC2和SiC的烧结温度相差很大,富SiC的复合材料需要更高的烧结温度,在1500℃下Ti3SiC2会分解成TiC和气相的Si。由于新分解的TiC具有较高的活性,在烧结过程中可以填充SiC颗粒间的孔隙,而Si的存在也提高SiC在烧结过程中的扩散速率,从而起到促进SiC致密化,提高SiC的断裂韧性,得到的SiC- Ti3SiC2复合材料具有高韧性。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。
以下实施例中制备Ti3SiC2的原料及其质量配比如表1所示:
表1 制备Ti3SiC2的原料及其质量配比
实施例1
原料配方的称量按照下述百分比进行:
表2 原料配方表(45g)
S1、将摩尔比为(10:5:5:1)的碳化钛、硅、碳和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比为10:1,转速为250 r/min,球磨时间为7 h,每转60 min,停机20 min进行散热,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行SPS烧结,升温速率为30 ℃/min,压力为10MPa,真空度低于4 Pa,烧结温度为850℃,制得含量在95%以上的Ti3SiC2烧结体,充分研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、将上述Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体9.2g与35 .8g的六方碳化硅粉末在球磨机中混料5h,球料比5:1,球磨转速为250 r/min,在手套箱中将Ti3SiC2、TiC和α-SiC粉末混合物装填入硬质合金模具中进行预压,预压压力为10 MPa,预压10 s,然后把预压后的样品装入石墨磨具中进行热压烧结。将石墨模具放在烧结台上,升温制度为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力至20 MPa;然后,以20 ℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃保温10 min;再以20 ℃/min的升温速率从1000 ℃升到1100 ℃,保温10 min。随炉冷却,得到毛坯。将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
将热压烧结后的碳化硅复合材料试样打磨抛光后进行组织及性能检测,所得烧结块体技术参数如下:
表3 实施例1中复合烧结体的技术参数和具体数值
实施例2
原料配方的称量按照下述百分比进行:
表4原料配方表(45g)
S1、将摩尔比为(10:5:5:1)的碳化钛、硅、碳和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比为20:1,转速为350 r/min,球磨时间为8 h,每转60 min,停机20 min进行散热,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行SPS烧结,升温速率为50 ℃/min,压力为20MPa,真空度低于4 Pa,烧结温度为1000℃,制得含量在95%以上的Ti3SiC2烧结体,充分研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、将上述Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体15.8g与29.2g的六方碳化硅粉末在球磨机中混料6 h,球料比10:1,球磨转速为300 r/min,在手套箱中将Ti3SiC2、TiC和六方碳化硅粉末混合物装填入硬质合金模具中进行预压,预压压力为100 MPa,预压20 s,然后把预压后的样品装入石墨磨具中进行热压烧结。将石墨模具放在烧结台上,升温制度为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力至25 MPa;然后,以20 ℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃保温10 min;再以20 ℃/min的升温速率从1000 ℃升到1300 ℃,保温30 min。随炉冷却,得到毛坯。将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
将热压烧结后的碳化硅复合材料试样打磨抛光后进行组织及性能检测,所得烧结块体技术参数如下:
表5实施例2中复合烧结体的技术参数和具体数值
实施例3
原料配方的称量按照下述百分比进行:
表6原料配方表(45g)
S1、将摩尔比为(10:5:5:1)的碳化钛、硅、碳和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比为20:1,转速为450 r/min,球磨时间为9 h,每转60 min,停机20 min进行散热,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行SPS烧结,升温速率为70 ℃/min,压力为30MPa,真空度低于4 Pa,烧结温度为1100℃,制得含量在95%以上的Ti3SiC2烧结体,充分研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、将上述Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体20.8 g与24.2 g的六方碳化硅粉末在球磨机中混料7 h,球料比5:1,球磨转速为350 r/min,在手套箱中将Ti3SiC2、TiC和六方碳化硅粉末混合物装填入硬质合金模具中进行预压,预压压力为200 MPa,预压30 s,然后把预压后的样品装入石墨磨具中进行热压烧结。将石墨模具放在烧结台上,升温制度为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力至30 MPa;然后,以20 ℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃保温10 min;再以20 ℃/min的升温速率从1000 ℃升到1500 ℃,保温50 min。随炉冷却,得到毛坯。将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
将热压烧结后的碳化硅复合材料试样打磨抛光后进行组织及性能检测,所得烧结块体技术参数如下:
表7实施例3中复合烧结体的技术参数和具体数值
实施例4
原料配方的称量按照下述百分比进行:
表8原料配方表(45g)
S1、将摩尔比为(10:5:5:1)的碳化钛、硅、碳和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比为10:1,转速为250 r/min,球磨时间为10 h,每转60 min,停机20 min进行散热,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行SPS烧结,升温速率为100 ℃/min,压力为40MPa,真空度低于4 Pa,烧结温度为1200℃,制得含量在95%以上的Ti3SiC2烧结体,充分研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、将上述Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体24.7 g与20.3g的六方碳化硅粉末在球磨机中混料8 h,球料比10:1,球磨转速为250 r/min,在手套箱中将Ti3SiC2、TiC和六方碳化硅粉末混合物装填入硬质合金模具中进行预压,预压压力为300 MPa,预压40 s,然后把预压后的样品装入石墨磨具中进行热压烧结。将石墨模具放在烧结台上,升温制度为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力至35 MPa;然后,以20 ℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃保温10 min;再以20 ℃/min的升温速率从1000 ℃升到1700 ℃,保温70 min。随炉冷却,得到毛坯。将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
将热压烧结后的碳化硅复合材料试样打磨抛光后进行组织及性能检测,所得烧结块体技术参数如下:
表9实施例4中复合烧结体的技术参数和具体数值
实施例5
原料配方的称量按照下述百分比进行:
表10原料配方表(45g)
S1、将摩尔比为(10:5:5:1)的碳化钛、硅、碳和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比为20:1,转速为350 r/min,球磨时间为7 h,每转60 min,停机20 min进行散热,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行SPS烧结,升温速率为30 ℃/min,压力为50MPa,真空度低于4 Pa,烧结温度为1300℃,制得含量在95%以上的Ti3SiC2烧结体,充分研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、将上述Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体27.9g与17.1 g的六方碳化硅粉末在球磨机中混料9 h,球料比5:1,球磨转速为300 r/min,在手套箱中将Ti3SiC2、TiC和六方碳化硅粉末混合物装填入硬质合金模具中进行预压,预压压力为400 MPa,预压50 s,然后把预压后的样品装入石墨磨具中进行热压烧结。将石墨模具放在烧结台上,升温制度为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力至40 MPa;然后,以20 ℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃保温10 min;再以20 ℃/min的升温速率从1000 ℃升到1900 ℃,保温90 min。随炉冷却,得到毛坯。将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
将热压烧结后的碳化硅复合材料试样打磨抛光后进行组织及性能检测,所得烧结块体技术参数如下:
表11实施例5中复合烧结体的技术参数和具体数值
实施例6
原料配方的称量按照下述百分比进行:
表12原料配方表(45g)
S1、将摩尔比为(10:5:5:1)的碳化钛、硅、碳和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比为20:1,转速为450 r/min,球磨时间为8 h,每转60 min,停机20 min进行散热,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行SPS烧结,升温速率为50 ℃/min,压力为10MPa,真空度低于4 Pa,烧结温度为1400℃,制得含量在95%以上的Ti3SiC2烧结体,充分研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、将上述Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体30.4 g与14.6 g的六方碳化硅粉末在球磨机中混料10 h,球料比10:1,球磨转速为350 r/min,在手套箱中将Ti3SiC2、 TiC和六方碳化硅粉末混合物装填入硬质合金模具中进行预压,预压压力为500 MPa,预压60 s,然后把预压后的样品装入石墨磨具中进行热压烧结。将石墨模具放在烧结台上,升温制度为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力45 MPa;然后,以20 ℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃保温10 min;再以20 ℃/min的升温速率从1000 ℃升到2000 ℃,保温10 min。随炉冷却,得到毛坯。将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
将热压烧结后的碳化硅复合材料试样打磨抛光后进行组织及性能检测,所得烧结块体技术参数如下:
表13实施例6中复合烧结体的技术参数和具体数值
实施例7
原料配方的称量按照下述百分比进行:
表14原料配方表(45g)
S1、将摩尔比为(10:5:5:1)的碳化钛、硅、碳和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比为10:1,转速为250 r/min,球磨时间为9 h,每转60 min,停机20 min进行散热,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行SPS烧结,升温速率为70 ℃/min,压力为20MPa,真空度低于4 Pa,烧结温度为850℃,制得含量在95%以上的Ti3SiC2烧结体,充分研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、将上述Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体9.2 g与35.8 g的六方碳化硅粉末在球磨机中混料5 h,球料比5:1,球磨转速为250 r/min,在手套箱中将Ti3SiC2、 TiC和六方碳化硅粉末混合物装填入硬质合金模具中进行预压,预压压力为10 MPa,预压10 s,然后把预压后的样品装入石墨磨具中进行热压烧结。将石墨模具放在烧结台上,升温制度为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力至50 MPa;然后,以20 ℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃保温10 min;再以20 ℃/min的升温速率从1000 ℃升到1100 ℃,保温30 min。随炉冷却,得到毛坯。将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
将热压烧结后的碳化硅复合材料试样打磨抛光后进行组织及性能检测,所得烧结块体技术参数如下:
表15实施例7中复合烧结体的技术参数和具体数值
对于任何熟悉本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下,都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案作出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均应仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料,其特征在于:其包含六方碳化硅和Ti3SiC2,所述六方碳化硅的体积百分比为95vol.%,Ti3SiC2的体积百分比为5vol.%;
所述的SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料的制备方法,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将预设摩尔比的碳化钛、硅、钛和铝组成的原料粉末进行球磨,球料质量比为10:1,转速为250r/min,球磨时间为7~9h,制得Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体;
S2、将Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体进行放电等离子烧结,升温速率为30~70 ℃/min,压力为10~20 MPa,真空度低于4 Pa,烧结温度为850℃,研磨后得到Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,用于SiC的烧结;
S3、往步骤S2得到的Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体中加入体积百分比为95vol.%六方碳化硅粉末进行球磨混料,球料质量比为5:1,球磨转速为250 r/min,球磨5 h;将混料完成的Ti3SiC2、TiC和六方碳化硅粉末混合物进行预压,预压压力为10MPa,预压10s;把预压后的样品进行热压烧结,烧结压力为20~50MPa,烧结温度为1100 ℃,保温10~30min,降温卸压,制得碳化硅复合材料;
所述碳化钛粉末、硅粉、钛粉和铝粉的摩尔比为10:5:5:1;
步骤S3中具体烧结工艺为:首先,对样品缓慢施加压力至20~50 MPa;然后,以20 ℃/min的升温速率从室温升到1000 ℃,在1000 ℃保温10 min;再以20 ℃/min的升温速率从1000 ℃升到1100℃,保温10~30 min,随炉冷却,得到毛坯,将制备的毛坯进行表面磨削、去毛刺处理,得到碳化硅复合材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料,其特征在于:所述六方碳化硅微粉的纯度为99%,粒度为2 μm;Ti3SiC2的粒度为4 μm以下。
3.根据权利要求1所述的SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料,其特征在于:所述碳化钛粉末的粒径为1~3μm,纯度为99.5%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料,其特征在于:所述硅粉的粒径为1~3 μm,纯度为99.5%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料,其特征在于:所述钛粉的粒径为1~2 μm,纯度为99%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料,其特征在于:所述铝粉的粒径为1~2 μm,纯度为99.6%,Al的加入为了促使TiC尽可能地转变为Ti3SiC2,减少TiC等杂质的含量。
7.根据权利要求1所述的SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料,其特征在于:步骤S1和S3的球磨过程均采用5 mm和8 mm两种碳化钨硬质合金球。
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