CN110909990A - Drainage basin two-layer water resource optimal allocation method based on node arc method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drainage basin two-layer water resource optimal allocation method based on a node arc method, which comprises the following steps: s1, taking a flow domain manager of the target area as an upper-layer leader, taking each part management mechanism in the target area as a lower-layer leader, and establishing water resource balance constraint between the upper-layer leader and the lower-layer leader by adopting a node arc method; s2, constructing a second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area based on water resource balance constraint, wherein the total income of the target area is maximized as the target of an upper-layer leader, the local income is maximized as the target of a lower-layer leader; and S3, solving a second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain a water resource optimization scheme. On the premise of considering the market supply and demand relationship, the invention adopts the willingness balance price of both parties, so that the model is closer to the reality, and introduces the idea of the reserve amount in the upper-layer objective function, thereby reasonably optimizing the distribution of water resources from the long-term development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water resource management in a business method, in particular to a drainage basin two-layer water resource optimal allocation method based on a node arc method.
Background
The water resource is the foundation for human survival and influences the development of social economy, the existing water resource is reasonably utilized, the creative value of the existing water resource is increased as much as possible, and the main direction of the current water resource management is to promote the optimal allocation, the efficient utilization and the saving and protection of the water resource. With the increasing development of economy and production, imbalance of demand and supply of various regions generated after the initial allocation of the water right is increasingly revealed, so that under the ever-changing environment, the market is urgently needed to carry out secondary allocation on the water right, so that the scarce water resource is fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the watershed two-layer water resource optimal allocation method based on the node arc method provided by the invention utilizes the market to carry out secondary allocation on the water right, so that the scarce water resource is fully utilized.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the method for optimizing and configuring the watershed two-layer water resource based on the node arc method comprises the following steps:
s1, taking a flow domain manager of the target area as an upper-layer leader, taking each part management mechanism in the target area as a lower-layer leader, and establishing water resource balance constraint between the upper-layer leader and the lower-layer leader by adopting a node arc method;
s2, constructing a second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area based on water resource balance constraint, wherein the total income of the target area is maximized as the target of an upper-layer leader, the local income is maximized as the target of a lower-layer leader;
and S3, solving a second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain a water resource optimization scheme.
Further, the specific method for establishing the water resource balance constraint between the upper leader and the lower leader by using the node arc method in step S1 is as follows:
taking the upper-layer leader as a father node for water resource distribution, taking each lower-layer leader, ecological public water consumption and reserved quantity as child nodes, and connecting the father node and the child nodes by adopting arcs and two child nodes with water right trading; wherein water resource balance restraint specifically includes:
the sum of the distribution amount of each child node is less than or equal to the total amount of distributable water resources of the target area; the water resource amount distributed to each child node by the father node is more than or equal to the minimum water requirement amount of the child node; the sum of the water resources used by the child nodes and the water right transaction sequence is less than or equal to the distribution amount from the father node; the ecological public water consumption is less than or equal to the distribution amount corresponding to the father node; the retention amount of the father node is smaller than the maximum inventory capacity of the target area; the total amount of water resources distributed to each child node by the father node is equal to the total amount of self-control after the transaction of each child node; the same child node can only buy or sell water; the amount of water sold in the target area is equal to the amount of water bought; the water resource amount divided by the water using unit in each child node is more than or equal to the minimum water demand amount; the water right trading price changes along with the supply quantity, the more the supply quantity is, the lower the water right trading price is, the less the supply quantity is, and the higher the water right trading price is; the amount of water resources allocated to each water unit is 0 or more.
Further, the target area second-layer water resource optimization configuration model in step S3 specifically includes:
subject to
U≥υ>0,xai≥qi>0,R≤ω,ω>0
wherein max represents a function of taking a maximum value, G is income of a target area, α is ecological benefit generated by unit public water in the target area, U is ecological public water consumption of the target area, m is the number of lower-layer leaders, n is the unit number of water used in each lower-layer leader, and pjUnit water right price in units of water usage; x is the number ofijThe water weight distributed to the jth water usage unit in the ith lower-layer leader; giThe economic benefit of the region governed by the ith lower-level leader, β the unit price of water management reserved for the target region, R the reserved amount, subject to the constraint condition, TaThe total amount of distributable water resources of the target area; x is the number ofaiThe obtained water weight is initially distributed to the ith lower-layer leader;
the water right amount sold to the w lower-layer leader for the ith lower-layer leader is a negative number; CO 2iw1 indicates that there is a water right transaction; upsilon is the minimum ecological water demand of the target area; q. q.siMinimum water demand for the jurisdiction of the ith lower leader; omega is the maximum inventory capacity of the target area; bijThe gain obtained for the jth unit of water usage in the ith lower leader; c. CijLoss of the jth water unit in the ith lower-layer leader due to water shortage; eijAverage water demand for the jth water unit in the ith lower leader; p is a radical ofijPaying a water fee for the jth water unit in the ith lower-level leader; p is a radical ofiwTrading prices for water rights between the ith lower level leader and the w lower level leader;
is as followsThe water right amount purchased by the i lower-layer leaders from the w lower-layer leaders is positive; diThe quantity of the water resource demand exceeding the initial water allocation quantity for the ith lower-layer leader; l isiThe water transportation loss amount when purchasing the water right; lambda is the water transport loss rate; epsilon is unit loss cost in the water transportation process;
minimum water demand for the jth water unit in the ith lower leader;
the maximum water demand of the jth water unit in the ith lower-layer leader, k and η are price coefficients, theta is a purchasing intention coefficient of both parties of the water right transaction, and MViWill price for the ith lower leader; VC is variable price; MV (Medium Voltage) data baseWThe willingness price for the w-th lower-level leader.
Further, the specific method of step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s3-1, inputting preset values distributed to each lower-layer leader by an upper-layer leader into a target region second-layer water resource optimization configuration model;
s3-2, randomly generating a lower layer solution in the feasible domain of the lower layer leader;
s3-3, detecting whether the lower layer solution generated randomly is feasible, if yes, entering the step S3-4, otherwise, returning to the step S3-2;
s3-4, carrying out cross and variation on the current lower-layer solution to obtain a newly generated offspring;
s3-5, detecting whether the newly generated offspring is feasible, if yes, entering the step S3-6, otherwise, returning to the step S3-4;
s3-6, placing the newly generated offspring as the to-be-selected solutions into a to-be-selected set, judging whether the number of the to-be-selected solutions in the to-be-selected set reaches a threshold value, if so, entering the step S3-7, otherwise, returning to the step S3-4;
and S3-7, calculating the fitness of each solution to be selected, selecting the solution to be selected with the best fitness as the optimal solution of the lower-layer leader, and finishing the optimal configuration of water resources.
Further, step S3-7 is followed by step
S3-8, obtaining the predicted water demand of each lower-layer leader according to the optimal solution of each lower-layer leader, and adjusting the preset value of the upper-layer leader according to the predicted water demand of each lower-layer leader to complete the optimal configuration of the water resource of the upper-layer leader.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention introduces the idea of node arc to establish a balance equation, so that the constraint condition is clear and reasonable; the invention adopts the willingness balance price of both parties under the premise of considering the market supply and demand relationship, so that the model is closer to the reality, and the invention introduces the idea of stock reservation in an upper-layer objective function to reasonably optimize the allocation of water resources from the long-term development.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1, the optimal configuration method for the watershed two-layer water resource based on the node arc method includes the following steps:
s1, taking a flow domain manager of the target area as an upper-layer leader, taking each part management mechanism in the target area as a lower-layer leader, and establishing water resource balance constraint between the upper-layer leader and the lower-layer leader by adopting a node arc method;
s2, constructing a second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area based on water resource balance constraint, wherein the total income of the target area is maximized as the target of an upper-layer leader, the local income is maximized as the target of a lower-layer leader;
and S3, solving a second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain a water resource optimization scheme.
The specific method for establishing the water resource balance constraint between the upper leader and the lower leader by adopting the node arc method in the step S1 is as follows: taking the upper-layer leader as a father node for water resource distribution, taking each lower-layer leader, ecological public water consumption and reserved amount as child nodes, and connecting the father node and the child nodes by adopting arcs and two child nodes for water right trading;
wherein water resource balance restraint specifically includes: the sum of the distribution amount of each child node is less than or equal to the total amount of distributable water resources of the target area; the water resource amount distributed to each child node by the father node is more than or equal to the minimum water requirement of the child node; the sum of the water resource used by the child node and the water right transaction sequence is less than or equal to the distribution amount from the father node; the ecological public water consumption is less than or equal to the distribution amount corresponding to the parent node; the retention amount of the father node is less than the maximum inventory capacity of the target area; the total amount of water resources distributed to each child node by the father node is equal to the total amount of self-control after the transaction of each child node; the same child node can only buy or sell water; the water resource amount sold in the target area is equal to the water resource amount bought; the water resource amount divided by the water using unit in each child node is more than or equal to the minimum water demand amount; the water right transaction price changes along with the supply quantity, the more the supply quantity is, the lower the water right transaction price is, the less the supply quantity is, the higher the water right transaction price is; the amount of water resources allocated to each water unit is 0 or more.
The second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area in the step S3 specifically includes:
subject to
U≥υ>0,xai≥qi>0,R≤ω,ω>0
wherein max represents a function of taking a maximum value, G is income of a target area, α is ecological benefit generated by unit public water in the target area, U is ecological public water consumption of the target area, m is the number of lower-layer leaders, n is the unit number of water used in each lower-layer leader, and pjUnit water right price in units of water usage; x is the number ofijThe water weight distributed to the jth water usage unit in the ith lower-layer leader; giThe economic benefit of the region governed by the ith lower-level leader, β the unit price of water management reserved for the target region, R the reserved amount, subject to the constraint condition, TaThe total amount of distributable water resources of the target area; x is the number ofaiThe obtained water weight is initially distributed to the ith lower-layer leader;
the water right amount sold to the w lower-layer leader for the ith lower-layer leader is a negative number; CO 2iw1 indicates that there is a water right transaction; upsilon is the minimum ecological water demand of the target area; q. q.siMinimum water demand for the jurisdiction of the ith lower leader; omega is the maximum inventory capacity of the target area; bijThe gain obtained for the jth unit of water usage in the ith lower leader; c. CijLoss of the jth water unit in the ith lower-layer leader due to water shortage; eijAverage water demand for the jth water unit in the ith lower leader; p is a radical ofijPaying a water fee for the jth water unit in the ith lower-level leader; p is a radical ofiwTrading prices for water rights between the ith lower level leader and the w lower level leader;
the water right amount purchased from the w lower-layer leader for the ith lower-layer leader is a positive number; diThe quantity of the water resource demand exceeding the initial water allocation quantity for the ith lower-layer leader; l isiThe water transportation loss amount when purchasing the water right; lambda is the water transport loss rate; epsilon is unit loss cost in the water transportation process;
minimum water demand for the jth water unit in the ith lower leader;
the maximum water demand of the jth water unit in the ith lower-layer leader, k and η are price coefficients, theta is a purchasing intention coefficient of both parties of the water right transaction, and MViWill price for the ith lower leader; VC is variable price; MV (Medium Voltage) data baseWThe willingness price for the w-th lower-level leader.
The specific method of step S3 includes the following substeps:
s3-1, inputting preset values distributed to each lower-layer leader by an upper-layer leader into a target region second-layer water resource optimization configuration model;
s3-2, randomly generating a lower layer solution in the feasible domain of the lower layer leader;
s3-3, detecting whether the lower layer solution generated randomly is feasible, if yes, entering the step S3-4, otherwise, returning to the step S3-2;
s3-4, carrying out cross and variation on the current lower-layer solution to obtain a newly generated offspring;
s3-5, detecting whether the newly generated offspring is feasible, if yes, entering the step S3-6, otherwise, returning to the step S3-4;
s3-6, placing the newly generated offspring as the to-be-selected solutions into a to-be-selected set, judging whether the number of the to-be-selected solutions in the to-be-selected set reaches a threshold value, if so, entering the step S3-7, otherwise, returning to the step S3-4;
s3-7, calculating the fitness of each solution to be selected, selecting the solution to be selected with the best fitness as the optimal solution of the lower-layer leader, and completing water resource optimal configuration;
s3-8, obtaining the predicted water demand of each lower-layer leader according to the optimal solution of each lower-layer leader, and adjusting the preset value of the upper-layer leader according to the predicted water demand of each lower-layer leader to complete the optimal configuration of the water resource of the upper-layer leader.
In one embodiment of the invention, there are three sub-areas in the lower level (i.e. three lower level leaders) that are to be supplied to the three sectors (industrial, residential, agricultural) to which they belong.the three sub-areas are designated as S1, S2, S3, and the three water use sectors are designated as U1, U2, U3
The benefit coefficient generated by the ecological water is 25.8RMB/m ^3, and the minimum ecological water amount is 3.50 multiplied by 106m ^3 (v ═ 3.5). Basin total water supply 360 x 106m ^3(Ta is 360), the unit management cost of the reserved water is 2.2 yuan (β is 2.2), and the total water inventory of the drainage basin is 10 multiplied by 10 at most6m ^3 (omega is 10), unit water loss rate is 0.02 (lambda is 0.02), and unit water loss cost is 1.1 (epsilon is 1.1). Meanwhile, the current market condition is set as the market of the seller, the seller has a larger price decision right, so that theta is set to be 0.8, the willingness price of the buyer is set to be the variable price of the market, the willingness price of the seller 1 is 3 times that of the market, the willingness price of the seller 2 is 2 times that of the market, and the like. Assuming that the three regions have water transport conditions, the other specific parameters are set as shown in table 1.
Table 1: other parameter setting tables
Suppose that three zones all have inter-water-carrying strips between themThe relationship of CO is shown in Table 2, wherein for example CO110 stands for no water right trade, CO, can occur inside region 1 itself120 represents a condition for performing a water right transaction between zone 1 and zone 2.
Table 2: inter-region water right transaction condition
One set of possible solutions obtained using matlab processing is shown in table 3.
The results show that in order to reduce the water shortage punishment, the water quantity distributed by each department in each area is above the minimum water requirement of the department, and the basic production and life needs are met. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the water quantity inventory cost, the general management organization of the drainage basin uses all the residual water rights for ecological construction of the region, and creates greater general social benefits. From the water right trading perspective, area 1 has an initial water right of 28.7, but the amount of water actually distributed to the departments is 25.2, leaving the volume for trading as 3.5. The initial water right of the area 2 is 52.3, the water amount actually distributed to each department is 40.2, the amount reserved for trading is 12.1, and for the water-requiring area 3, trading with the areas 1 and 2 can be selected at the same time, but because the wished price of the area 1 is higher, and the equilibrium price of the area 1 and the area 3 which are agreed is far higher than the equilibrium price of the areas 2 and 3 under the premise of the market of the seller, the area 3 selects as much as possible to trade with the area 2, the water right of 12.1 can be provided by buying the area 2, and the residual water amount is bought from the area 1. However, if the market conditions change, the leading positions of the buyer and the seller change, that is, the parameter θ changes, so that the balanced price of the transactions of the two parties changes, the strategy of the water right transactions in the region can be quickly influenced, and the economic benefits of the region and the total social benefits of the drainage basin can be correspondingly influenced. In the above two-layer planning model based on the node arc technology, the upper and lower layer water distribution strategies, the transaction trends among the regions, the regional water shortage and the corresponding water buying strategies can be clearly calculated, and the two-layer planning model has strong practical significance.
In conclusion, the invention introduces the idea of node arcs, and considers the watershed water resource management bureau, each regional management bureau, the water distribution right transaction amount and the water transportation loss as resource points, connection points, arcs and storage points, so that the constraint conditions are clear and reasonable; the invention adopts the willingness balance price of both parties under the premise of considering the market supply and demand relationship, so that the model is closer to the reality, and the invention introduces the idea of stock reservation in an upper-layer objective function to reasonably optimize the allocation of water resources from the long-term development.
Claims (5)
1. A watershed two-layer water resource optimal allocation method based on a node arc method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, taking a flow domain manager of the target area as an upper-layer leader, taking each part management mechanism in the target area as a lower-layer leader, and establishing water resource balance constraint between the upper-layer leader and the lower-layer leader by adopting a node arc method;
s2, constructing a second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area based on water resource balance constraint, wherein the total income of the target area is maximized as the target of an upper-layer leader, the local income is maximized as the target of a lower-layer leader;
and S3, solving a second-layer water resource optimization configuration model of the target area by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain a water resource optimization scheme.
2. The method for optimal configuration of two-tier water resources in a drainage basin based on the node arc method according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for establishing the water resource balance constraint between the upper-tier leader and the lower-tier leader by using the node arc method in step S1 is as follows:
taking the upper-layer leader as a father node for water resource distribution, taking each lower-layer leader, ecological public water consumption and reserved amount as child nodes, and connecting the father node and the child nodes by adopting arcs and two child nodes with water right trading; wherein water resource balance restraint specifically includes:
the sum of the distribution amount of each child node is less than or equal to the total amount of distributable water resources of the target area; the water resource amount distributed to each child node by the father node is more than or equal to the minimum water requirement of the child node; the sum of the water resource used by the child node and the water right transaction sequence is less than or equal to the distribution amount from the father node; the ecological public water consumption is less than or equal to the distribution amount corresponding to the parent node; the retention amount of the father node is smaller than the maximum inventory capacity of the target area; the total amount of water resources distributed to each child node by the father node is equal to the total amount of self-control after the transaction of each child node; the same child node can only buy or sell water; the amount of water sold in the target area is equal to the amount of water bought; the water resource amount divided by the water using unit in each child node is more than or equal to the minimum water demand amount; the water right transaction price changes along with the supply quantity, the more the supply quantity is, the lower the water right transaction price is, the less the supply quantity is, the higher the water right transaction price is; the amount of water resources allocated to each water unit is 0 or more.
3. The method for optimal allocation of two-tier water resources in a drainage basin based on the node arc method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optimal allocation model of two-tier water resources in the target area in step S3 specifically comprises:
subject to
U≥υ>0,xai≥qi>0,R≤ω,ω>0
wherein max represents a function of taking a maximum value, G is income of a target area, α is ecological benefit generated by single public water in the target area, U is ecological public water consumption of the target area, m is the number of lower-layer leaders, n is the number of water units in each lower-layer leader, and pjUnit water right price in units of water usage; x is the number ofijThe water weight distributed to the jth water usage unit in the ith lower-layer leader; giThe economic benefit of the region governed by the ith lower-level leader, β the unit price of water management reserved for the target region, R the reserved amount, subject to the constraint condition, TaThe total amount of distributable water resources of the target area; x is the number ofaiThe obtained water weight is initially distributed to the ith lower-layer leader;
the water right amount sold to the w lower-layer leader for the ith lower-layer leader is a negative number; CO 2iw1 indicates that there is a water right transaction; upsilon is the minimum ecological water demand of the target area; q. q.siMinimum water demand for the jurisdiction of the ith lower leader; omega is the maximum inventory capacity of the target area; bijThe gain obtained for the jth unit of water usage in the ith lower leader; c. CijLoss due to water shortage for the jth water unit in the ith lower-level leader; eijAverage water demand for the jth water unit in the ith lower leader; p is a radical ofijPaying a water fee for the jth water unit in the ith lower-level leader; p is a radical ofiwTrading prices for water rights between the ith lower level leader and the w lower level leader;
the water right amount purchased from the w lower-layer leader for the ith lower-layer leader is a positive number; diExceeding initial water allocation amount for ith lower-layer leaderThe required amount of water resources; l isiThe water transportation loss amount when purchasing the water right; lambda is the water transport loss rate; epsilon is unit loss cost in the water transportation process;
minimum water demand for the jth water unit in the ith lower leader;
the maximum water demand of the jth water unit in the ith lower-layer leader, k and η are price coefficients, theta is a purchasing intention coefficient of both parties of the water right transaction, and MViWill price for the ith lower leader; VC is variable price; MV (Medium Voltage) data baseWThe willingness price for the w-th lower-level leader.
4. The method for optimizing configuration of two-layer water resources in a drainage basin based on the node arc method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the specific method of step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
s3-1, inputting preset values distributed to each lower-layer leader by an upper-layer leader into a target region second-layer water resource optimization configuration model;
s3-2, randomly generating a lower layer solution in the feasible domain of the lower layer leader;
s3-3, detecting whether the lower layer solution generated randomly is feasible, if yes, entering the step S3-4, otherwise, returning to the step S3-2;
s3-4, carrying out cross and variation on the current lower-layer solution to obtain a newly generated offspring;
s3-5, detecting whether the newly generated offspring is feasible, if yes, entering the step S3-6, otherwise, returning to the step S3-4;
s3-6, placing the newly generated offspring as the to-be-selected solutions into a to-be-selected set, judging whether the number of the to-be-selected solutions in the to-be-selected set reaches a threshold value, if so, entering the step S3-7, otherwise, returning to the step S3-4;
s3-7, calculating the fitness of each solution to be selected, selecting the solution to be selected with the best fitness as the optimal solution of the lower-layer leader, and completing the water resource optimal configuration of the lower-layer leader.
5. The method for optimizing configuration of watershed two-layer water resources based on the node arc method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step S3-7 is followed by a step
S3-8, obtaining the predicted water demand of each lower-layer leader according to the optimal solution of each lower-layer leader, adjusting the preset value of the upper-layer leader according to the predicted water demand of each lower-layer leader, and finishing the optimal configuration of the water resource of the upper-layer leader.
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