CN110846881B - Co3O4Preparation method of/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric - Google Patents
Co3O4Preparation method of/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 17
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- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 5
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种Co3O4/PANI/MXene/PI电磁屏蔽织物的制备方法。该方法包括：将PI织物预处理，然后等离子处理；将MXene溶液喷涂于处理过的PI织物表面反应；将Co3O4/PANI纳米线溶液喷涂于得到的MXene/PI复合材料上反应；将得到的Co3O4/PANI/MXene/PI复合材料置于PDMS溶液中处理。该方法简单，条件温和，得到的电磁屏蔽织物具有优良的导电性和电磁屏蔽性能。
The invention relates to a preparation method of Co 3 O 4 /PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric. The method comprises: pretreating the PI fabric and then plasma treatment; spraying the MXene solution on the surface of the treated PI fabric for reaction; spraying the Co 3 O 4 /PANI nanowire solution on the obtained MXene/PI composite material for reaction; The obtained Co 3 O 4 /PANI/MXene/PI composite was processed in PDMS solution. The method is simple, the conditions are mild, and the obtained electromagnetic shielding fabric has excellent electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of flexible electromagnetic shielding materials, and particularly relates to Co3O4A preparation method of/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric.
Background
With the rapid development of informatization and intellectualization, electromagnetic waves as important carriers for information transmission have penetrated into the aspects of life, and electronic products have been more and more widely applied to various fields of our national economy and our daily life, such as electronic communication, remote teaching, intelligent equipment and the like, which are closely related to electromagnetic waves. Whether military or civilian, the generation, transmission, reception and processing of information rely on electromagnetic waves as carriers. But electromagnetic waves bring great convenience to us, and electromagnetic radiation also brings a great deal of negative effects to us. Therefore, people have attracted great attention on the electromagnetic interference effect and the harm to the health caused by electromagnetic radiation while pursuing high quality of life.
Electromagnetic shielding is one of effective means for suppressing electromagnetic interference and realizing electromagnetic protection. Electromagnetic shielding generally adopts a good metal conductor with low resistance, when electromagnetic radiation is emitted to the metal conductor from air, reflection and refraction phenomena are generated on the surface of the metal conductor, and the electromagnetic shielding aims to suppress the electromagnetic radiation by utilizing the reflection effect and the absorption effect of the metal conductor on the electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic shielding materials are various and have wide application, and various countries have extensive research and exploration on the electromagnetic shielding materials, particularly multifunctional electromagnetic shielding materials. Textile fabric has characteristics such as flexibility, workable, tailorable, wearable and with human direct contact, consequently gives textile fabric electromagnetic shield or other additional functions, can effectively reduce or even eliminate electromagnetic radiation to the harm of human body, can also realize the multi-functionalization of weaving clothing, promotes its in the future to more intelligent orientation development, has fairly long-term meaning to the purification of human health and space electromagnetic environment. Therefore, the development of new textiles with electromagnetic shielding properties is an important task in the current technological development situation.
Currently, research on electromagnetic shielding materials has been advanced, and the electromagnetic shielding materials can be divided into 3 parts from the mechanism of shielding electromagnetic waves: absorption type, reflection absorption type, and can be classified into coating type and structural composite type according to application forms. For example, the method is characterized in that the layer-by-layer assembly of a graphene oxide multilayer film on cotton fabric and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the graphene oxide multilayer film are researched by Pinsylvan, the graphene oxide is prepared by an improved Hummers method, a dipping layer-by-layer assembly technology is adopted to prepare the graphene oxide/poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride hydrochloride (GO/PDDA) multilayer film on the surface of the cotton fabric, but after 15 times of layer-by-layer assembly, the electromagnetic shielding effect value is only 3.16dB, and the commercial effect cannot be achieved; the chinese patent CN1045428A is an electromagnetic shielding fabric woven from blended yarn of cotton fiber and stainless steel fiber, which belongs to a structural composite electromagnetic shielding material, wherein the metal fiber has a large specific gravity, and the woven fabric is thick and hard in hand feeling, and cannot meet the performance requirements of 'thin, light, wearable' and the like for textile materials; chinese patent CN107988787A discloses a method for preparing a wave-absorbing electromagnetic shielding fabric, which prepares a cotton fabric with a carbon nanotube coating by a dipping-coating method, but after 4 times of coating, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is only 9.9dB, and the shielding effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Co3O4The preparation method of the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric overcomes the defects of poor shielding effect and the like of an electromagnetic shielding material in the prior art.
The invention provides a Co3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric is prepared by spraying MXene solution on the surface of the treated polyimide fabric for reaction and then spraying Co3O4the/PANI nanowire solution reacts and is placed in the PDMS solution to be processed to obtain the product.
The treated polyimide fabric is: the polyimide fabric is pretreated and then subjected to plasma treatment.
The MXene solution is sprayed on the surface of the treated polyimide fabric for reaction, and then Co is sprayed3O4the/PANI nanowire solution reaction is repeated at least once.
The invention also provides Co3O4Preparation method of/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric and bagThe method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating a polyimide PI fabric, and then carrying out plasma treatment to obtain a treated PI fabric;
(2) spraying MXene solution on the surface of the PI fabric treated in the step (1), reacting, washing and drying to obtain an MXene/PI composite material, wherein the mass ratio of the treated PI fabric to the MXene solution is 1: 10-20;
(3) mixing Co3O4Spraying the/PANI nanowire solution on the MXene/PI composite material in the step (2), reacting, washing and drying to obtain Co3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material comprises MXene/PI composite material and Co3O4The mass ratio of the PANI nanowire solution is 1: 10-20;
(4) mixing Co in step (3)3O4Putting the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material into PDMS solution, stirring, washing and drying to obtain Co3O4/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric, wherein Co3O4The mass ratio of the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material to the PDMS solution is 1: 10-20.
The step (1) of pretreating the polyimide PI fabric comprises the following steps: and (2) soaking the polyimide fabric in acetone for 45-55 h, taking out, washing and drying, wherein the mass ratio of the polyimide fabric to the acetone is 1: 40-60.
The washing adopts distilled water; the drying temperature is 40-60 ℃.
The plasma treatment in the step (1) adopts oxygen plasma, nitrogen plasma or argon plasma bombardment and the like, and the effects of etching the PI surface and improving the hydrophilicity can be achieved.
The technological parameters of the plasma treatment adopting the oxygen plasma for bombardment are as follows: the flow rate of the oxygen is 1.5-2.5L/min, the air pressure is 9-12 Pa, the power is 90-110W, and the bombardment time is 3-6 min.
MXene in the step (2) comprises: ti3C2Tx、Ti2N、Mo3C2、Ti2AlC3Or V2C。
The mass concentration of the MXene solution in the step (2) is 8-12 mg/mL.
In the step (2), the reaction temperature is room temperature, and the reaction time is 10-20 min.
A spray gun is adopted for spraying in the steps (2) and (3); the spraying was carried out at room temperature.
Co in the step (3)3O4The preparation method of the/PANI nanowire comprises the following steps: taking Co3O41.0g of solid powder is added with 50ml of deionized water, 5ml of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 2mol/L is added, and the mixture is ultrasonically dispersed for 1 hour to obtain Co3O4The suspension of (a); adding 1.6ml of aniline into the suspension, and magnetically stirring for 0.5 h; ammonium Persulfate (APS) solution (4.56g in 50ml deionized water) was added to the mixture and magnetically stirred until Co formation occurred3O4/PANI nanowire solution.
Co in the step (3)3O4The mass concentration of the/PANI nanowire solution is 10-20 mg/mL.
And (4) in the step (3), the reaction temperature is room temperature, and the reaction time is 10-20 min.
Co in the step (3)3O4Repeating the step (2) and the step (3) on the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material to obtain the Co with the multilayer structure3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material is subjected to the step (4), wherein Co3O4Co in/PANI/MXene/PI composite material3O4The total number of the/PANI layer and the MXene layer is 2-20 layers.
The drying temperature in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4) is 40-60 ℃.
And (3) the mass fraction of the PDMS solution in the step (4) is 3-8%.
And (4) stirring at room temperature for 8-15 s.
The invention also provides Co3O4Application of the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric.
The invention relates to a method for preparing cobaltosic oxide/polyaniline nano-wire (Co) composite nano-material with a two-dimensional layered transition metal carbide (MXene) and one-dimensional linear core-shell structure by coating technology3O4/PANI) is combined with a Polyimide (PI) substrate to prepare the polyimide/polyimide composite materialThe flexible electromagnetic shielding fabric has excellent shielding performance and wide application prospect. The novel electromagnetic shielding composite material meets the requirements on the characteristics of novel electromagnetic shielding materials, such as light weight, good flexibility, high strength, excellent performance and the like, can reduce secondary damage caused by reflection to a certain extent, and is a novel electromagnetic shielding composite material with great development potential.
According to the invention, the Polyimide (PI) is subjected to plasma treatment, so that the surface of the PI is provided with oxygen-containing polar groups and hydroxyl groups, and the hydrophilicity of the surface of the PI fabric is greatly improved; MXene has groups such as-F and-OH on the surface, and can be bonded to PI by intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bond and Van der Waals force to increase the bonding strength between the two to some extent (see Table 2), and MXene and Co3O4The combination of the/PANI nano wire can improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of the composite material. Co3O4the/P ANI nanowire has a core-shell structure, the surface of the PANI layer at the outermost layer is provided with positive charges and-NH, the bonding fastness between the PANI layer and Mxene with negative charges can be improved through electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding (shown in Table 2), and MXene oxidation is effectively prevented. In addition, a hydrophobic self-protection layer can be formed on the surface of the composite material through Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) after finishing, so that the antifouling property and the scale resistance can be effectively improved, the oxidation in the air can be prevented, and the bonding fastness of the composite material is further improved (as shown in Table 2).
MXene layer and Co in the invention3O4the/PANI nanowire layer is assembled on the surface of the polyimide for multiple times, so that multiple reflection loss of electromagnetic waves in the material is increased, and secondary electromagnetic radiation pollution caused by surface reflection is effectively reduced by coordinating impedance performance.
The invention aims to provide theoretical basis and method for the subsequent electromagnetic shielding research of MXene materials and further research the development of novel electromagnetic shielding fabric with good performance.
Advantageous effects
The invention passes MXene layer and Co3O4the/PANI nanowire layer is assembled on the surface of the PI layer by layer to prepare the electromagnetic shielding fabric. Wherein PI is subjected to plasma pretreatmentThe surface of the PI fabric is provided with oxygen-containing polar groups and hydroxyl groups, so that the hydrophilicity of the surface of the PI fabric is greatly improved; compared with the traditional loading method, the bonding fastness of the MXene layer and the PI substrate is improved through intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals force and the like; second, Co due to core-shell structure3O4The PANI molecules at the outermost layer of the/PANI nanowire have positive charges, so that not only is Co improved3O4The bonding force of the/PANI layer and the MXene layer also provides a good surface for the continuous deposition of the MXene, and the oxidation of the MXene is effectively avoided; in addition, the PDMS is finally adopted for post-finishing, a hydrophobic self-protection layer can be formed on the surface of the PDMS, the antifouling property can be effectively improved, and the oxidation in the air is prevented, so that the shielding effect is influenced.
The electromagnetic shielding fabric of the invention is made of Co3O4the/PANI nanowire and the MXene are functional particles, and both have excellent conductivity (shown in Table 1) and electromagnetic shielding performance, so that the conductivity and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the material can be further improved. Meanwhile, the strong electrostatic action, hydrogen bond and the like exist between the two components, which is beneficial to Co3O4The high-density deposition of the/PANI layer and the MXene layer further improves the service performance; the PI fabric is a high-performance material with a molecular main chain containing rigid imide rings, and has excellent performances of high and low temperature resistance, high strength and high modulus, radiation resistance, flame retardance, self-extinguishment, chemical corrosion resistance, dielectric property and the like; the invention adopts a layer-by-layer assembly method to prepare the target fabric, increases the multiple reflection loss of electromagnetic waves in the material, and effectively reduces the secondary electromagnetic radiation pollution caused by surface reflection by coordinating impedance performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows Co of the present invention3O4A process flow chart for preparing the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
MXene used in the present invention was provided by Beijing Kaifhair Tetao technologies, Inc., polyimide fabrics were obtained from Fusmann technologies, Inc. (Beijing), and other chemical reagents were purchased from national drug group chemical reagents, Inc.
Example 1
(1) According to a polyimide fabric (180 g/m)20.45g) and an acetone solution in a mass ratio of 1:50, soaking the Polyimide (PI) fabric in acetone for 48 hours, taking out, washing with distilled water, and drying at 60 ℃.
(2) And (3) carrying out plasma treatment on the PI fabric pretreated in the step (1) for 4min under the conditions that the oxygen flow rate is 2L/min, the air pressure is 10Pa and the power is 100W, so as to obtain the treated PI fabric.
(3) According to the treated PI fabric (0.42g) with MXene (Ti)3C2Tx, monolayer) solution with the mass ratio of 1:10, spraying 10mg/mL MXene solution on the surface of treated PI by a spray gun, reacting for 10min at room temperature, then washing with distilled water, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain the MXene/PI composite material.
(4) According to MXene/PI composite (0.45g) with Co3O4The mass ratio of the/PANI nanowire solution is 1:10, and 15mg/mL Co is sprayed by a spray gun3O4Spraying the/PANI nanowire solution (4.5g) on the surface of the MXene/PI composite material, reacting for 10min at room temperature, then washing with distilled water, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain Co3O4The composite material is/PANI/MXene/PI.
Co3O4The preparation method of the/PANI nanowire comprises the following steps: taking Co3O41.0g of solid powder is added with 50ml of deionized water, 5ml of hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 2mol/L is added, and the mixture is ultrasonically dispersed for 1 hour to obtain Co3O4The suspension of (a); adding 1.6ml of aniline into the suspension, and magnetically stirring for 0.5 h; to the mixture was added Ammonium Persulfate (APS) solution (4.56g in 50ml deionized water) using a glass rodStirring for 20min to generate Co with core-shell structure3O4/PANI nanowire solution.
(5) According to Co3O4The mass ratio of the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material (0.48g) to the PDMS solution is 1:10, and Co is added3O4Putting the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material into a PDMS solution with the mass fraction of 5%, reacting for 10s at room temperature, taking out the fabric, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain Co3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric is marked as sample 1#。
Example 2
Co was prepared according to example 13O4the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material is obtained by repeating the step (3) and the step (4) twice in the example 1 and then performing the step (5) in the example 1 to obtain the Co with a multilayer structure3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric is marked as sample 2#。
Example 3
Co was prepared according to example 13O4the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material is then subjected to the step (3) and the step (4) in the example 1 for three times, and then the step (5) in the example 1 is carried out to obtain the Co with a multilayer structure3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric is marked as sample 3#。
Example 4
Co was prepared according to example 13O4the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material is then subjected to the repetition of the step (3) and the step (4) in the example 1 for four times, and then the step (5) in the example 1 is carried out, so that the Co with the multilayer structure is obtained3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric is marked as sample 4#。
Example 5
Co was prepared according to example 13O4the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material is then repeated for five times in the steps (3) and (4) in the example 1 and then is performed in the step (5) in the example 1 to obtain the Co with a multilayer structure3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric is marked as sample 5#。
Example 6
To implementSample 5 in example 5#As a research object, the bending property of the fabric is tested by an SDL-M003A type wrinkle recovery angle tester according to AATCC66-2008 < determination of wrinkle recovery of woven fabrics >3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI composite is noted as sample 6#。
The physical parameters of the samples of inventive examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1.
In the present invention, the MXene/PI composite material and Co of example 1 were tested by 3M tape test3O4/PANI/MXene/PI composite material and Co treated by PDMS3O4The bonding fastness of the/PANI/MXene/PI composite material is tested, and by observing the amount of the particles bonded on the adhesive tape and the mass loss after the test, the mass change before and after the test is not large, the change rate is about 3 percent, and the bonding fastness of each composite material obtained in the example 1 is better. Specific values are shown in table 2.
In the invention, a vector network analyzer is adopted, and a waveguide method is adopted to refer to the standard test sample 1 of GB/T35679-2017 by the vector network analyzer#、2#、3#、4#、5#、6#The specific values of the shielding effectiveness of (1) are shown in Table 3, wherein sample 0#Refers to a Polyimide (PI) fabric that has been plasma treated only. Research shows that 6 kinds of Co prepared by the invention3O4the/PANI/MXene/PI electromagnetic shielding fabric has good shielding performance on electromagnetic waves, and the maximum shielding performance value of all samples is more than 20dB, which shows that the material can shield more than 90% of electromagnetic waves. While accompanying with Co3O4The frequency of assembling the PANI layer and the MXene layer is increased, the microwave shielding performance and the effective shielding bandwidth of the composite material are gradually increased, and the sample 5#The maximum shielding effectiveness value of 52.66 dB.
In the present invention, sample 5 of the example#Sample 6 was found after bending test for the subject#After unloading for 5min, the fold recovery angleUp to 87.2 deg., indicating a better flexibility, the specific values are shown in table 4.
Compared with the traditional magnetic paint such as silver-coated copper, nickel-based and ferrite (for example: CN 105682436A and the like), the product of the invention has light weight (as shown in Table 1), easy processing and better shielding effect on electromagnetic waves; compared with the carbon nano tube and polymer matrix composite electromagnetic shielding material (Like standard, Majiang, Zhang Zhengquan, Machen, Jade, Liuwei, Zhang Jie, Lijing, Wang Dong red, epoxy resin based carbon nano composite electromagnetic shielding material research [ J]Strong laser and particle beams, 2019, (10):27-33, etc.), the preparation of the invention adopts polyimide as a base material, has good flexibility (as shown in example 6 and table 4), good serviceability and more superior market value; compared with the composite material prepared by adding the metal shielding particles with the core-shell structure (for example: CN 109177384A and the like), the composite material has the advantages that MXene and Co with good performance are sprayed by a layer-by-layer assembly spraying process3O4The flexible electromagnetic shielding fabric is prepared by combining the PANI nanowires, the shielding performance of the base fabric is improved, and secondary electromagnetic radiation pollution caused by surface reflection is effectively reduced by coordinating the impedance performance; compared with the conventional coated functional particle-loaded method (ENGINF, USTA I. Development and characterization of polyanilines/polyamides (PANI/PA) fabrics for electronic shielding [ J]Journal of The Textile Institute, 2015, 106(8): 872-879.) The invention treats The functional particles on The fabric by a spraying method, and combines The functional particles with intermolecular force under The action of static electricity, so that The composite material has better bonding fastness and further improves The wave absorbing performance of The composite material while keeping softness and air permeability. Therefore, the electromagnetic shielding fabric prepared by the invention has wider application prospect and huge market value. The performance of the present invention is compared to the prior art as shown in table 5.
TABLE 1 sample 0#、1#、2#、3#、4#、5#、6#Physical parameters of
| Sample (I) | 0# | 1# | 2# | 3# | 4# | 5# | 6# |
| Quality (g) | 0.42 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.58 |
| Volume (cm)3) | 7.5 | 9.0 | 10.5 | 11.0 | 11.75 | 12.5 | 12.25 |
| Density (g/cm 3)) | 0.056 | 0.056 | 0.050 | 0.050 | 0.046 | 0.048 | 0.047 |
| Fabric resistor (omega) | - | 865 | 831 | 805 | 819 | 806 | 798 |
Table 2 mass loss before and after 3M tape test for each composite in example 1
| Composite material | MXene/PI | Co3O4/PANI/MXene/PI | Co3O4/PANI/MXene/PI (PDMS treated) |
| Before test (g) | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.50 |
| After testing (g) | 0.43 | 0.47 | 0.48 |
TABLE 3 sample 0#、1#、2#、3#、4#、5#、6#Electromagnetic shielding performance of
TABLE 4 sample 6#Bending property of
| Sample pressure relief time(s) | 60 | 120 | 180 | 240 | 300 |
| Fold recovery angle (°) | 84.4 | 85.2 | 86.1 | 86.7 | 87.2 |
TABLE 5 comparison of Properties
Claims (9)
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