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CN110838554B - Organic electroluminescent device - Google Patents

Organic electroluminescent device Download PDF

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CN110838554B
CN110838554B CN201910759980.6A CN201910759980A CN110838554B CN 110838554 B CN110838554 B CN 110838554B CN 201910759980 A CN201910759980 A CN 201910759980A CN 110838554 B CN110838554 B CN 110838554B
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organic electroluminescent
electroluminescent device
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CN110838554A (en
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金相范
金信韩
徐正大
宋寅范
尹丞希
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LG Display Co Ltd
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Abstract

An organic electroluminescent device is disclosed. The device comprises: an anode; a cathode; and a first light emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode and configured to emit blue light. The first light-emitting layer includes a host composition and a blue dopant. The blue dopant includes at least one compound represented by chemical formula D. The matrix composition includes a first matrix compound and a second matrix compound. The triplet energy level of the first host compound is higher than the triplet energy level of the blue dopant, and the triplet energy level of the second host compound is lower than the triplet energy level of the blue dopant.<Chemical formula D>
Figure DDA0002169954360000011
In the formula D, Ra、Rb、Rc、RdAnd ReEach independently is the same as defined in the specification.

Description

Organic electroluminescent device
Cross Reference to Related Applications
The present application claims priority from korean patent application No. 10-2018-0096346, filed by the korean intellectual property office on 8/17/2018, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent device.
Background
Organic electroluminescent devices are self-luminous devices that convert electrical energy into light energy using organic materials. Generally, in an organic electroluminescent device, an organic material layer is interposed between an anode and a cathode.
When a voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode, holes are injected from the anode into the organic material layer, and electrons are injected from the cathode into the organic material layer. When the injected holes and electrons meet each other, excitons are formed. Light may be emitted when the excitons drop to a ground state.
In order to improve efficiency and stability of the organic electroluminescent device, the organic material layer may have a multi-layer structure composed of different materials. For example, the organic material layer may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present disclosure is to provide an organic electroluminescent device having improved electro-optical characteristics and lifetime characteristics.
The object of the present disclosure is not limited to the above object. Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure, which are not mentioned above, may be understood from the following description, and more clearly understood from the embodiments of the present disclosure. Further, it will be readily understood that the objects and advantages of the present disclosure may be realized by the features disclosed in the claims and combinations thereof.
In a first aspect of the disclosure, an organic electroluminescent device is provided that includes a first light-emitting layer comprising a host composition and a Narrow Blue Dopant (NBD). NBD refers to a blue dopant whose full width at half maximum (FWHM) in a blue emission wavelength curve is narrower than that of a conventional blue dopant.
In one embodiment, the matrix composition comprises a first matrix compound and a second matrix compound. The triplet energy level of the first matrix compound is higher than the triplet energy level of NBD. The triplet energy level of the second matrix compound is lower than the triplet energy level of NBD.
In an embodiment, the triplet energy level of the first matrix compound may be greater than 2.5eV, for example, may be in the range of 2.7eV to 2.8 eV. The triplet energy level of the second matrix compound may be lower than 2.4eV, for example, may be in the range of 1.8eV to 1.9 eV.
In one embodiment, the content of the first matrix compound is lower than the content of the second matrix compound.
In one embodiment, the organic electroluminescent device may satisfy equation I:
x + Y ═ 24 (equation I)
In equation 1, X represents a ratio of the mass of the first matrix compound to the mass of NBD. Y represents the ratio of the mass of the second matrix compound to the mass of NBD. Y is a rational number from 14 to 22.
For example, Y may be a rational number from 16 to 21.
For example, the ratio between X and Y may be in the range 1: 9 to 4: 6.
In one example, the first matrix compound may be a carbazolyl compound.
In one example, the second matrix compound is an anthracene-based compound.
In one embodiment, NBD may include at least one compound represented by formula D:
< chemical formula D >
Figure BDA0002169954340000031
In the formula D, Ra、Rb、Rc、RdAnd ReEach independently represents one selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C12 monovalent aliphatic chain hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 monovalent aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C60 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C60 monovalent heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C24 arylamino group. In the chemical formula D, Ra、Rb、Rc、RdAnd ReMay form a fused ring with the adjacent 6-membered aromatic ring.
In one embodiment, an organic electroluminescent device includes an anode and a cathode. The first light-emitting layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode.
In one embodiment, the first light-emitting layer emits blue light. The organic electroluminescent device may further include a second light emitting layer emitting light having a wavelength longer than that of blue light.
In this case, the organic electroluminescent device may further include a charge generation layer disposed between the first light emitting layer and the second light emitting layer. The charge generation layer may include an n-type charge generation layer and a p-type charge generation layer. The p-type charge generation layer may be interposed between the n-type charge generation layer and the second light emitting layer.
Other implementation details are included in the detailed description and drawings.
The present disclosure may have at least the following effects, but is not limited thereto:
the present disclosure may provide an organic electroluminescent device having improved electro-optical characteristics and life characteristics.
Further specific effects of the present disclosure and effects as described above will be described in conjunction with the description of specific details for practicing the present disclosure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic electroluminescent display device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a band gap energy diagram of an organic material layer of an organic electroluminescent device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an organic electroluminescent device having a multi-layer light emitting structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a first stack and a second stack used in an organic electroluminescent device composed of the multi-layer light emitting structure of fig. 3. Fig. (a) is a schematic view of the first stack, and (B) is a schematic view of the second stack.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between current density and driving voltage. Fig. 5 shows the driving characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to embodiment 1 and the driving characteristics of the organic electroluminescent devices according to comparative examples 1 and 2.
FIG. 6 is a graph of drive duration versus L/L0. L/L0 represents the ratio of the current luminance (L) to the initial luminance (L0). Fig. 6 shows the life characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to example 1 and the life characteristics of the organic electroluminescent devices according to comparative examples 1 and 2.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the current density and the drive voltage. Fig. 7 shows the driving characteristics of the organic electroluminescent devices according to embodiments 2 to 4 and the driving characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 1.
FIG. 8 is a graph of drive duration versus L/L0. L/L0 represents the ratio of the current luminance (L) to the initial luminance (L0). Fig. 8 shows the lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent devices according to examples 2 to 4 and the lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 1.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between current density and drive voltage. Fig. 9 shows driving characteristics of organic electroluminescent devices according to embodiments 2, 5 and 6 and driving characteristics of an organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 1.
FIG. 10 is a graph of drive duration versus L/L0. L/L0 represents the ratio of the current luminance (L) to the initial luminance (L0). Fig. 10 shows the life characteristics of the organic electroluminescent devices according to examples 2, 5 and 6 and the life characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 1.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the current density and the drive voltage. Fig. 11 shows driving characteristics of organic electroluminescent devices according to embodiments 2 and 7 and driving characteristics of organic electroluminescent devices according to comparative examples 1 and 3.
FIG. 12 is a graph of drive duration versus L/L0. L/L0 represents the ratio of the current luminance (L) to the initial luminance (L0). Fig. 12 shows the life characteristics of the organic electroluminescent devices according to example 2 and example 7 and the life characteristics of the organic electroluminescent devices according to comparative example 1 and comparative example 3.
Fig. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the current density and the drive voltage. Fig. 13 shows the driving characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to example 8 and the driving characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 4.
FIG. 14 is a graph of drive duration versus L/L0. L/L0 represents the ratio of the current luminance (L) to the initial luminance (L0). Fig. 14 shows the life characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to example 8 and the life characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 4.
Detailed Description
For simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. The same reference numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements and therefore perform similar functions. Moreover, descriptions and details of well-known steps and elements are omitted for simplicity of the description. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it is understood that the disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the present disclosure.
Examples of various embodiments are further illustrated and described below. It should be understood that the description herein is not intended to limit the claims to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes" and/or "including," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. When preceding the list of elements, expressions such as "at least one of" may modify the entire list of elements, and may not modify individual elements of the list.
It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
In addition, it will also be understood that when a first element or layer is referred to as being "on" a second element or layer, the first element may be directly on the second element or may be indirectly on the second element with a third element or layer disposed therebetween. It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "connected to" or "coupled to" another element or layer, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or layer or one or more intervening elements or layers may be present. Further, it will also be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "between" two elements or layers, it can be the only element or layer between the two elements or layers, or one or more intervening elements or layers may also be present.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the inventive concept belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
As used herein, a "Ca to Cb" hydrocarbyl group is defined as a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbon derivative group having a carbon number of "a" or greater and a carbon number of "b" or less. Stages "a to b" are defined as a or greater and b or less. As used herein, phase "a and/or b" means "a" or "b" or "a and b".
As used herein, the term "substituted" in the context of "substituted" or "unsubstituted" means that at least one hydrogen of the hydrocarbon compound or hydrocarbon derivative is substituted with a hydrocarbyl group, hydrocarbon derivative group, halogen, or cyano (-CN), or the like. The term "unsubstituted" means that at least one hydrogen of the hydrocarbon compound or hydrocarbon derivative is not substituted by a hydrocarbyl group, hydrocarbon derivative group, halogen, cyano (-CN), or the like. Examples of the hydrocarbon group or hydrocarbon derivative group may include, but are not limited to, C1 to C6 alkyl groups, C2 to C6 alkenyl groups, C2 to C6 alkynyl groups, C6 to C15 aryl groups, C1 to C6 alkylamino groups, C6 to C15 arylamino groups, C1 to C6 alkylidene groups, and the like.
Hereinafter, an organic electroluminescent display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to fig. 1. Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross section of an organic electroluminescent display device 1000.
The organic electroluminescent display device 1000 includes a display region in which pixels are arranged in a matrix form and a non-display region disposed around the display region. The display area refers to an area where an image or information generated from the organic electroluminescent display device 1000 can be seen by a viewer. The non-display region refers to a region where an image or information generated from the organic electroluminescent display device 1000 cannot be seen by a viewer, and is generally referred to as a bezel region. The organic electroluminescent display device 1000 includes a plurality of pixels. Fig. 1 illustrates one pixel among a plurality of pixels provided in an organic electroluminescent display device 1000.
The organic electroluminescent display device 1000 may include a circuit substrate including the pixel-based organic electroluminescent device 100 and the thin film transistor Td. The organic electroluminescent device 100 is electrically connected to the thin film transistor Td and generates light emission. In the organic electroluminescent device 100, each pixel includes an anode a, a cathode C, and an organic material layer OG. The organic material layer OG is disposed between the anode a and the cathode C. When the organic electroluminescent display device 1000 has a front light emitting type structure that presents an image toward the cathode C, the cathode C may be implemented as a light transmitting type electrode, and the anode a may be implemented as a reflective electrode. When the organic electroluminescent display device 1000 has a rear emission type structure presenting an image toward the anode a, the anode a may be implemented as a light-transmissive electrode, and the cathode C may be implemented as a reflective electrode.
The light transmissive electrode may be made of a light transmissive metal oxide such as ITO, IZO, and ZnO. For example, the reflective electrode may be made of a metal such as Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, Li, and Ca.
The organic material layer OG may include a hole transport layer (not shown), an emission layer (not shown), and an electron transport layer ETL. A hole transport layer (not shown) is interposed between the anode a and the light emitting layer (not shown). The light emitting layer (not shown) is interposed between the hole transport layer (not shown) and the electron transport layer ETL. The electron transport layer ETL is interposed between the light emitting layer (not shown) and the cathode C. The organic material layer OG may further include a hole injection layer (not shown). In this regard, a hole injection layer (not shown) may be interposed between the anode a and a hole transport layer (not shown). The organic material layer OG may further include an electron injection layer (not shown). In this regard, an electron injection layer (not shown) may be interposed between the electron transport layer (not shown) and the cathode C.
The pixel defining film 380 is used to define pixels. The pixel defining film 380 may be disposed between the anode a and the cathode C on top of the thin film transistor Td. The pixel defining film 380 may be partially removed to expose a portion of the anode a. In a partially removed region of the pixel defining film 380 where a portion of the anode a is exposed, the organic material layer OG may be disposed therein.
The organic electroluminescent display device 1000 may further include an encapsulation layer 390. An encapsulation layer 390 may be disposed on the cathode C to prevent water or the like from entering the organic material layer OG from the outside.
The circuit substrate may include a driving circuit disposed on the substrate 301. Specifically, the driving circuit may include a driving thin film transistor Td disposed on the substrate 301. Although not shown, a switching thin film transistor or the like may be provided on the substrate 301 to constitute a circuit substrate. The substrate 301 may be implemented as a transparent substrate, which may typically be implemented as a glass substrate, a transparent polymer resin substrate, or the like. Optionally, a buffer layer (not shown) is interposed between the substrate 301 and the driving thin film transistor Td to improve the flatness of the substrate 301. The buffer layer (not shown) may be composed of an inorganic oxide such as silicon oxide or an inorganic nitride such as silicon nitride.
The driving thin film transistor Td is disposed on the substrate 301. The driving thin film transistor Td may include a semiconductor layer 310, a first insulating film 320, a gate electrode 330, a second insulating film 340, a source electrode 352, and a drain electrode 354.
The semiconductor layer 310 is disposed on a first region of the substrate 301. For example, the semiconductor layer 310 may be made of an oxide semiconductor material or polysilicon. When the semiconductor layer 310 is made of polysilicon, the semiconductor layer 310 may include an active layer (not shown) and a channel region (not shown) disposed at each of both sides of the active layer.
A first insulating film 320 is disposed between the gate electrode 330 and the substrate 301. A portion of the first insulating film 320 is disposed on the semiconductor layer 310 in the first region of the substrate 301, and the remaining portion of the first insulating film 320 is disposed on the substrate 301 in the second region of the substrate 301. The first region and the second region of the substrate 301 may be separate. As used herein, the first region of the substrate 301 may be defined as a region in which the semiconductor layer 310 is formed. The first insulating film 320 may be made of an inorganic oxide such as silicon oxide or an inorganic nitride such as silicon nitride.
The gate electrode 330 is disposed on the first insulating film 320 and overlaps the semiconductor layer 310 in the first region of the substrate 301. The gate electrode 330 may be made of aluminum-based metal such as aluminum (Al) and aluminum alloy, silver-based metal such as silver (Ag) and silver alloy, copper-based metal such as copper and copper alloy, molybdenum-based metal such as molybdenum (Mo) and molybdenum alloy, chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), or the like.
A second insulating film 340 is disposed on the first insulating film 320 and the gate electrode 330. Specifically, a portion of the second insulating film 340 is disposed on the first insulating film 320, and the remaining portion of the second insulating film 340 is disposed on the gate electrode 330. The second insulating film 340 may be made of an inorganic oxide such as silicon oxide or an inorganic nitride such as silicon nitride as in the first insulating film 320.
A source electrode 352 and a drain electrode 354 are disposed on the second insulating film 340. The source electrode 352 and the drain electrode 354 are provided apart from each other on the second insulating film 340. The source electrode 352 and the drain electrode 354 are connected to the semiconductor layer 310 through the contact hole 342 defined in the first insulating film 320 and the contact hole 344 defined in the second insulating film 340, respectively. The source 352 and the drain 354 may each be made of a metal such as Al, Ag, Mg, Mo, Ti, or W.
The organic electroluminescent display device 1000 may further include a passivation layer 370 disposed between the circuit substrate and the organic electroluminescent device 100. The passivation layer 370 may have a contact hole 372 defined therein to connect the anode electrode a and the drain electrode 354 to each other.
The organic electroluminescent display device 1000 may further include a color filter 360. In this regard, the color filter 360 is disposed on the second insulating film 340 to overlap the organic material layer OG. The passivation layer 370 may be interposed between the anode a and the color filter 360.
The organic material layer OG may include a light emitting layer (not shown). The light emitting layer (not shown) may include at least one of a blue light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, a red light emitting layer, and a white light emitting layer. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a band gap energy diagram of the organic material layer OG including the first light emitting layer emitting blue light.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the organic material layer OG includes a hole transport layer HTL, a first light emitting layer B-EML, and an electron transport layer ETL. The first light emitting layer B-EML comprises a host composition and a Narrow Blue Dopant (NBD). The matrix composition comprises a first matrix compound BH3 and a second matrix compound BH 1.
In FIG. 2, ETHTL denotes the triplet energy level of the hole transport layer HTL. ETETL denotes the triplet energy level of the electron transport layer ETL. ETBH3 represents the triplet energy level of the first matrix compound BH 3. ETBH1 refers to the triplet energy level of the second matrix compound BH 1. ETBD represents the triplet energy level of the narrow blue dopant NBD.
Further, in FIG. 2, ESBH3 represents the singlet energy level of the first host compound BH 3. ESBH1 refers to the singlet energy level of the second matrix compound BH 1. ESBD denotes narrow blue dopantsSinglet energy level of NBD.
Referring to fig. 2, the triplet energy level E of the first matrix compound BH3TBH3 above the triplet level E of the narrow blue dopant NBDTAnd (3) BD. Triplet energy level E of the second matrix Compound BH1TBH1 is below the triplet level E of the first matrix compound BH3TBH3, and below the triplet level E of the narrow blue dopant NBDT BD。
For example, the triplet level E of the first matrix compound BH3TBH3 may be greater than 2.5 eV. Triplet energy level E of the second matrix Compound BH1TBH1 may be below 2.4 eV. For example, the triplet energy level E of the first matrix compound BH3TBH3 may be in the range of 2.7eV to 2.8 eV. Triplet energy level E of the second matrix Compound BH1TBH1 may be in the range of 1.8eV to 1.9 eV.
Examples of the first matrix compound BH3 may include carbazolyl compounds.
The carbazolyl compound may include at least one compound represented by the following chemical formula C:
< chemical formula C >
Figure BDA0002169954340000101
In the chemical formula C, Rd、Re、RfAnd RgEach independently represents one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C6 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C15 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C9 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted trialkylsilyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted triarylsilyl group.
In formula C, m and p are each independently an integer of 1 to 4. n and o are each independently an integer of 1 to 3.
In the chemical formula C, RxAnd RyEach independently represents a substitution orUnsubstituted C6 to C50 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups.
The carbazolyl compound may include at least one compound represented by the formula C-1:
< chemical formula C-1>
Figure BDA0002169954340000121
In the chemical formula C-1, Rd、Re、RfAnd RgEach independently represents one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C15 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C9 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl, substituted or unsubstituted trialkylsilyl, and substituted or unsubstituted triarylsilyl.
In the formula C-1, m and p are each independently an integer of 1 to 4. n and o are each independently an integer of 1 to 3.
In the formula C-1, R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9And R10Each independently represents one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C15 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl group.
The carbazolyl compound may include at least one of the following compounds:
Figure BDA0002169954340000131
Figure BDA0002169954340000141
Figure BDA0002169954340000151
Figure BDA0002169954340000161
Figure BDA0002169954340000171
examples of the second matrix compound BH1 may include anthracene-based compounds.
The anthracene-based compound may include at least one compound represented by formula H:
< chemical formula H >
Figure BDA0002169954340000181
In the formula H, RwAnd RzEach independently represents-L-ArnWherein denotes a site bonded to anthracene. L represents a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group. Ar (Ar)nRepresents hydrogen, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C50 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
The anthracene-based compound may include at least one of the following compounds:
Figure BDA0002169954340000182
Figure BDA0002169954340000191
the narrow blue dopant NBD refers to a blue dopant whose full width at half maximum (FWHM) is narrower than that of a conventional blue dopant in a blue emission wavelength curve. The molecular structural design of the narrow blue dopant NBD may limit intramolecular and/or intermolecular interactions to reduce the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission wavelength, resulting in high-purity blue emission. The narrow blue dopant NBD may contribute to improving the color and color rendering of the organic electroluminescent device.
The Narrow Blue Dopant (NBD) may include at least one compound represented by formula D:
< chemical formula D >
Figure BDA0002169954340000192
In the formula D, Ra、Rb、Rc、RdAnd ReEach independently represents one selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C12 monovalent aliphatic chain hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 monovalent aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C60 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C60 monovalent heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C24 arylamino group. In the formula D, Ra、Rb、Rc、RdAnd ReAt least one of which may form a fused ring with an adjacent 6-membered aromatic ring.
The narrow blue dopant NBD may include at least one of the following compounds:
Figure BDA0002169954340000201
Figure BDA0002169954340000211
most excitons in the first light-emitting layer B-EML are generated by hole-electron combination in the host composition. Some excitons in the first light-emitting layer B-EML may be generated by hole-electron combination in the compound represented by formula D. Each compound represented by formula D may have a small difference between the singlet energy and the triplet energy. The triplet energy of each compound represented by formula D can be converted into singlet energy by RISC (reverse intersystem crossing) for light emission. The triplet energy of each compound represented by chemical formula D can be transferred to the triplet energy of the adjacent matrix material in the matrix composition.
In order to suppress the transfer of the triplet energy of each compound represented by the chemical formula D to the triplet energy of the matrix material and to maximize the TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence) characteristic, the first light-emitting layer B-EML contains a first matrix compound BH 3. Since the first host compound BH3 has a higher triplet energy level than that of the compound represented by formula D, the first host compound BH3 may inhibit a path by which the triplet energy of each compound represented by formula D is transferred to the triplet energy of the host material to improve the light emission efficiency of the organic electroluminescent device.
Each compound represented by formula D may act as a hole trapping material due to the characteristics of its energy level and molecular structure. The hole injected into the first light emitting layer B-EML may directly move to the compound represented by formula D, rather than combine with an electron, thereby forming an exciton in the host composition. As a result, the compound represented by chemical formula D may become unstable, and thus the lifetime of the organic electroluminescent device may be reduced.
The carbazolyl compounds have high triplet energy and have high hole mobility. The high hole mobility of the carbazolyl compound may prevent or minimize the movement of holes injected into the first light-emitting layer B-EML directly to the compound represented by formula D. In other words, the carbazolyl compound may selectively transfer holes injected into the first light-emitting layer B-EML to the host composition, and thus may cause excitons to be generated in the host composition.
When the first host compound BH3 includes a carbazolyl compound, the lifetime of the organic field organic electroluminescent device (1000 in fig. 1) can be increased. This is probably because the formation of the hole and electron pairs occurs not only in the peripheral region of the hole transport layer HTL but also entirely in the first light emitting layer B-EML, and thus the formation of excitons may entirely occur in the first light emitting layer B-EML.
The high hole mobility of the carbazolyl compound may facilitate injection and transport of charges into the organic electroluminescent device (100 in fig. 1). Therefore, when the first host compound BH3 includes a carbazolyl compound, the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent device decreases.
The present inventors have confirmed that the driving voltage, current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device are changed according to the composition ratio of the first host compound BH3, the second host compound BH1, and the narrow blue dopant NBD.
The content of the first matrix compound BH3 was lower than that of the second matrix compound BH 1. When the content of the first host compound BH3 was higher than that of the second host compound BH1, the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device were significantly lower than when the host material of the first light-emitting layer B-EML was composed of only the second host compound BH 1.
The organic electroluminescent device (100 in fig. 1) may satisfy equation I:
x + Y ═ 24 (equation I)
In equation I, X refers to the ratio of the mass of the first host compound BH3 to the mass of the narrow blue dopant NBD. In equation I, Y refers to the ratio of the mass of the second matrix compound BH1 to the mass of NBD. For example, when the mass value of NBD is 1, X may be the mass value of the first matrix compound BH 3. Further, when the mass value of NBD is 1, Y may be the mass value of the second matrix compound BH 1.
Y has a larger value than X. When X has a larger value than Y, the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device are significantly lower than when the host material of the first light-emitting layer B-EML consists of only the second host compound BH 1.
In equation I, Y is a rational number from 14 to 22. When Y is less than 14, the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device are significantly lower than when the host material of the first light-emitting layer B-EML is composed of only the second host compound BH 1. When Y is greater than 22, the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device are similar to those when the host material of the first light-emitting layer B-EML consists of only the second host compound BH 1.
For example, Y may be a rational number from 16 to 21. When Y is a rational number of 16 to 21, the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device are greatly improved, as compared with the case where the host material of the first light-emitting layer B-EML is composed of only the second host compound BH 1. In addition, when Y is a rational number of 16 to 21, the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent device is reduced.
The ratio of X and Y (hereinafter X: Y) may be in the range of 1: 9 to 4: 6, in the above range. When X: y is more than 4: 6, the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device were significantly lower than those when the host material of the first light-emitting layer B-EML was composed of only the second host compound BH 1.
When X: y is less than 1: at 9, the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device were similar to those when the host material of the first light-emitting layer B-EML was composed of only the second host compound BH 1.
For example, X: y may be in the range of 2: 8 to 3: 7, in the above range. When X: y is in the range of 2: 8 to 3: within the range of 7, the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device are greatly improved, as compared to the case where the host material of the first light-emitting layer B-EML is composed of only the second host compound BH 1. Further, when X: y is in the range of 2: 8 to 3: in the range of 7, the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent device decreases.
The first light emitting layer B-EML may comprise 1 to 5 wt% NBD.
The organic electroluminescent device may be implemented as a white organic electroluminescent device. In this regard, the organic electroluminescent device may be designed to have, for example, an RGB direct stack structure, a quantum well structure, or a multi-layer light emitting structure.
The RGB direct stack structure includes an anode, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode, wherein the light emitting layer has a structure in which a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer are directly vertically stacked together. The quantum well structure comprises an anode, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer and a cathode, wherein the light emitting layer has a structure of: the red light emitting layer, the green light emitting layer, the blue light emitting layer, and the hole blocking layer are directly vertically stacked together with the hole blocking layer interposed between the red light emitting layer and the green light emitting layer and between the green light emitting layer and the blue light emitting layer.
An organic electroluminescent device having a multi-layered light emitting structure includes an anode, n stacks, each of which includes a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, and an electron transport layer, n-1 Charge Generation Layers (CGL), and a cathode, wherein each of the n stacks includes an n-type charge generation layer and a p-type charge generation layer. The n stacks are disposed between the anode and the cathode. Each of the n-1 charge generation layers is disposed between adjacent ones of the n stacks. Each of the n stacks may also include a hole injection layer, an electron injection layer, and the like. n may be a natural number of 2 or more. For example, n may be a natural number from 2 to 4.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an organic electroluminescent device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the first stack S1 and the second stack S2, respectively. In fig. 4, (a) is a schematic view of the first stack S1, and (B) is a schematic view of the second stack S2.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an organic electroluminescent device 100 having a multi-layer light emitting structure will be described below.
Referring to fig. 3, the organic electroluminescent device 100 includes an anode a, a cathode C, stacks S1, S2, and S3, and charge generation layers CGL1 and CGL 2. The stacks S1, S2, and S3 are disposed between the anode a and the cathode C. Each of the charge generation layers CGL1 and CGL2 is disposed between adjacent ones of the stacks S1, S2, and S3. Specifically, the first charge generation layer CGL1 is disposed between the first stack S1 and the second stack S2, and the second charge generation layer CGL2 is disposed between the second stack S2 and the third stack S3.
As shown in fig. 4, the first stack S1 includes a hole injection layer HIL, a hole transport layer HTL, a first light emitting layer B-EML, an electron transport layer ETL, and an electron injection layer EIL. The second stack S2 includes a hole injection layer HIL, a hole transport layer HTL, a second light emitting layer R-EML, an electron transport layer ETL, and an electron injection layer EIL.
The hole injection layer HIL plays a role in injecting holes from the anode into the light emitting layer. In one example, the hole injection layer HIL may comprise a material selected from the group consisting of HAT-CN, CuPu (copper phthalocyanine), PEDOT (poly 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT: PSS (poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene: poly (styrenesulfonate)), PANI (polyaniline), and NPD (N, N-dinaphthyl-N, N' -diphenylbenzidine).
The hole transport layer HTL may be used to facilitate the transport of holes. In one example, the hole transport layer HTL may include at least one selected from the group consisting of NPD (N, N-dinaphthyl-N, N '-diphenyl benzidine), TPD (N, N' -bis-3- (methylphenyl) -N, N '-bis- (phenyl) -benzidine), s-TAD, and MTDATA (4, 4', 4 ″ -tris (N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenyl-amino) -triphenylamine).
The electron transport layer ETL may be used to facilitate the transport of electrons. In one example, the electron transport layer ETL may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Alq3 (tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum), PBD, TAZ, spiro-PBD, BAlq, and SAlq.
The electron injection layer EIL may be used to facilitate injection of electrons. In one example, the electron injection layer EIL may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Alq3 (tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum), PBD, TAZ, spiro-PBD, BAlq, and SAlq.
The first light emitting layer B-EML may be implemented as a blue light emitting layer for emitting blue light. The second light emitting layer R-EML emits light having a longer wavelength than the blue wavelength. In one example, the second light emitting layer R-EML may be implemented as a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a yellow-green light emitting layer.
The yellow-green light emitting layer may include a combination of a host material having an excellent hole transporting property and a host material having an excellent electron transporting property. Controlling the balance between the numbers of electrons and holes in the yellow-green light emitting layer by combining two types of host materials having different characteristics may improve the lifetime and efficiency characteristics of the organic electroluminescent device 100. The imbalance between the numbers of electrons and holes in the yellow-green light emitting layer may cause specific polarity charges to be accumulated at the interface of each functional layer, which may reduce the lifetime and efficiency of the organic electroluminescent device 100. An example of the host material having excellent hole transporting property is CBP, and an example of the host material having excellent electron transporting property is BAlq.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the first stack S1 and the second stack S2 are located between the anode a and the cathode C. The first stack S1 is disposed between the anode a and the second stack S2. The first stack S1 may have a structure of: wherein a hole injection layer HIL, a hole transport layer HTL, a first light emitting layer B-EML, an electron transport layer ETL, and an electron injection layer EIL are sequentially stacked in this order from an anode a to a cathode C. The second stack S2 has such a structure: wherein the hole injection layer HIL, the hole transport layer HTL, the second light emitting layer R-EML, the electron transport layer ETL, and the electron injection layer EIL are sequentially stacked in this order from the first stack S1 to the cathode C.
Although a detailed structure of the third stack S3 is not shown in fig. 3 and 4, the third stack S3 may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer (referred to as a third light emitting layer for convenience of description) to emit light having a longer wavelength than that of blue, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer like the second stack S2. The third stack S3 has the structure: wherein the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the third light emitting layer, the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer are sequentially stacked in this order from the second stack S2 to the cathode C.
Referring again to fig. 3, the charge generation layers CGL1 and CGL2 may each include an n-type charge generation layer n-CGL and a p-type charge generation layer p-CGL. The charge generation layers CGL1 and CGL2 may each control charge balance between adjacent ones of the stacks S1, S2, and S3. Specifically, the first charge generation layer CGL1 controls charge balance between the first stack S1 and the second stack S2, and the second charge generation layer CGL2 controls charge balance between the second stack S2 and the third stack S3.
The n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 contributes to injecting electrons into the first stack S1, and the p-type charge generation layer p-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 contributes to injecting holes into the second stack S2. The n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the second charge generation layer CGL2 contributes to injecting electrons into the second stack S2, and the p-type charge generation layer p-CGL of the second charge generation layer CGL2 contributes to injecting holes into the third stack S3.
Referring again to fig. 3 and 4, the n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 may be disposed between the first stack S1 and the second stack S2, and the p-type charge generation layer p-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 may be disposed between the n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 and the second stack S2. The n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 may be disposed between the first light emitting layer B-EML and the second light emitting layer R-EML, and the p-type charge generation layer p-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 may be disposed between the n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 and the second light emitting layer R-EML. The n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 may be disposed between the electron transport layer ETL of the first stack S1 and the hole transport layer HTL of the second stack S2, and the p-type charge generation layer p-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 may be disposed between the n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the first charge generation layer CGL1 and the hole transport layer HTL of the second stack S2.
For the second charge generation layer CGL2 disposed between the second stack S2 and the third stack S3, the n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the second charge generation layer CGL2 may be disposed between the electron transport layer ETL of the second stack S2 and the hole transport layer of the third stack S3, and the p-type charge generation layer p-CGL of the second charge generation layer CGL2 may be disposed between the n-type charge generation layer n-CGL of the second charge generation layer CGL2 and the hole transport layer of the third stack S3.
The n-type charge generation layer n-CGL is formed by doping an electron transport material with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. The electron transport material can have a fused aromatic ring including a heterocyclic ring. Examples of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal may include lithium (Li), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), cesium (Cs), and the like. The p-type charge generation layer p-CGL contains a hole transport material.
Hereinafter, the results of comparative experiments showing that the first light emitting layer contributes to the improvement of the performance of the organic electroluminescent device will be described. The following comparative experiments were performed based on the organic electroluminescent devices prepared according to the respective examples and the organic electroluminescent devices prepared according to the respective comparative examples.
Example 1
At about 5X 10-6To 7X 10-6An organic electroluminescent device (ITO/HIL/HTL/EML/ETL/EIL/cathode) was formed by depositing a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a blue light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode on an ITO substrate in the following order (a) to (f) by evaporation from a heated boat under vacuum. The device was then transferred from the deposition chamber to a drying oven, and subsequently encapsulated using UV cured epoxy and moisture absorber.
The ITO substrate was washed with UV ozone prior to use and then loaded into an evaporation system. Thereafter, the ITO substrate was transferred into a vacuum deposition chamber, in which the following (a) to (f) were performed to deposit a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode on the ITO substrate in this order.
(a) Hole injection layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000271
): HAT-CN was used as a material for the hole injection layer:
<HAT-CN>
Figure BDA0002169954340000272
(b) hole transport layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000281
): HTL was used as a material for the hole transport layer:
<HTL>
Figure BDA0002169954340000282
(c) blue light-emitting layer: depositing a first light-emitting layer (thickness) on the hole transport layer
Figure BDA0002169954340000284
). BH3 was used as the first host compound, BH1 was used as the second host compound, and 4% of a narrow blue dopant NBD was doped therein.
The mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound and the dopant (BH 1: BH 3: NBD) was 19.2: 4.8: 1.
<BH1>
Figure BDA0002169954340000283
<BH3>
Figure BDA0002169954340000291
<NBD>
Figure BDA0002169954340000292
(d) electron transport layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000293
): the electron transport layer uses ETL as its material:<ETL>
Figure BDA0002169954340000294
(e) electron injection layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000301
): the electron injection layer uses LiF as its material.
(f) Cathode (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000302
): the cathode uses Al as its material.
Example 2
An organic electroluminescent device was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that BH4 was used instead of BH3 used in example 1:
<BH4>
Figure BDA0002169954340000303
example 3
An organic electroluminescent device was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that BH5 was used instead of BH3 used in example 1:
<BH5>
Figure BDA0002169954340000304
example 4
An organic electroluminescent device was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that BH6 was used instead of BH3 used in example 1:
<BH6>
Figure BDA0002169954340000311
example 5
An organic electroluminescent device was fabricated in the same manner as in example 2, except that the mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound and the narrow blue dopant (BH 1: BH 4: NBD) was 21.6: 2.4: 1.
example 6
An organic electroluminescent device was fabricated in the same manner as in example 2, except that the mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound, and the narrow blue dopant (BH 1: BH 4: NBD) was 16.8: 7.2: 1.
example 7
An organic electroluminescent device was fabricated in the same manner as in example 2, except that the mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound and the narrow blue dopant (BH 1: BH 4: NBD) was 14.4: 9.6: 1.
comparative example 1
An organic electroluminescent device was fabricated in the same manner as in example 1, except that the mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound, and the narrow blue dopant (BH 1: BH 3: NBD) was 24: 0: 1.
comparative example 2
An organic electroluminescent device was manufactured in the same manner as in example 1, except that BH2 was used in place of BH3 used in example 1, and that the mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound, and the narrow blue dopant (BH 1: BH 2: NBD) was 19.2: 4.8: 1.
<BH2>
Figure BDA0002169954340000321
comparative example 3
An organic electroluminescent device was fabricated in the same manner as in example 2, except that the mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound, and the narrow blue dopant (BH 1: BH 4: NBD) was 9.6: 14.4: 1.
table 1 summarizes the HOMO, LUMO and triplet energies T of the HTL, ETL, NBD, BH1, BH2, BH3, BH4, BH5, and BH6 used in the present and comparative examples1。
[ Table 1]
HOMO(eV) LUMO(eV.) T1(eV)
HTL -5.79 -2.57 2.82
ETL -6.21 -2.73 2.67
NBD -5.38 -2.75 2.47
BH1 -6.00 -2.99 1.85
BH2 -5.90 -2.95 1.75
BH3 -5.61 -2.28 2.71
BH4 -5.61 -2.28 2.71
BH5 -5.61 -2.28 2.71
BH6 -5.61 -2.28 2.71
Test example 1-evaluation of electro-optics based on a combination of a first host compound, a second host compound and a narrow blue dopant Characteristics of
The electro-optical characteristics were measured based on the combination of the first host compound, the second host compound, and the narrow blue dopant using the organic electroluminescent devices of comparative examples 1 to 2 and the organic electroluminescent devices of examples 1 to 4. The measurement results are summarized in table 2 below. Fig. 5 to 8 show graphs showing the driving characteristics and the lifetime characteristics of the device.
[ Table 2]
Figure BDA0002169954340000341
Comparative example 1 relates to an organic electroluminescent device including a blue light-emitting layer composed of a second host compound BH1 and a narrow blue dopant NBD. Comparative example 2 relates to an organic electroluminescent device including a blue light emitting layer consisting of a second host compound BH1, an additional second host compound BH2, and a narrow blue dopant NBD. The second matrix compound BH1 and the further second matrix compound BH2 are both anthracene-based compounds.
Embodiments relate to organic electroluminescent devices each including a blue light emitting layer including a first host compound BH3, BH4, BH5, or BH6, a second host compound BH1, and a narrow blue dopant NBD.
Table 2 shows that the examples show a reduced driving voltage compared to the comparative examples, and show improved current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime compared to the comparative examples.
Referring to fig. 5, the organic electroluminescent device based on example 1 showed a lower driving voltage than the organic electroluminescent devices according to comparative examples 1 and 2 at the same current density. Referring to fig. 6, the organic electroluminescent device according to example 1 showed an improvement in lifetime as compared to the organic electroluminescent devices according to comparative examples 1 and 2. Referring to fig. 7, the organic electroluminescent devices according to examples 2 to 4 exhibited lower driving voltages than the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 1 at the same current density. Referring to fig. 8, the organic electroluminescent devices according to examples 2 to 4 showed improved lifespan as compared to the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 1.
Test example 2-evaluation of electro-optical characteristics based on the composition ratio between the first host compound and the second host compound
Changes in electro-optical characteristics were observed based on the composition ratio of the first host compound and the second host compound using the organic electroluminescent devices of comparative example 1 and comparative example 3 and the organic electroluminescent devices of examples 2, 5 to 7. Table 3 summarizes the measurements. Fig. 9 to 12 show graphs showing the driving characteristics and the lifetime characteristics of the device.
[ Table 3]
Figure BDA0002169954340000351
Referring to table 3, examples 2, 5 and 6 showed a decrease in driving voltage compared to comparative example 1 and comparative example 3, and had improved current efficiency, quantum luminous efficiency and lifetime compared to comparative example 1 and comparative example 3. The mass ratio of the first matrix compound BH4 and the second matrix compound BH1 of example 2 was 19.2: 4.8. the mass ratio of the first host compound BH4 and the second host compound BH1 of example 5 was 21.6: 2.4. the mass ratio of the first matrix compound BH4 and the second matrix compound BH1 of example 6 was 16.8: 7.2.
the mass ratio of the first matrix compound BH4 and the second matrix compound BH1 of example 7 was 14.4: 9.6. example 7 shows a reduction in driving voltage compared to comparative example 1, and has similar current efficiency and quantum light emission efficiency to comparative example 1, and has a slightly reduced lifetime compared to comparative example 1. Comparative example 1 relates to an organic electroluminescent device including a blue light-emitting layer composed of only the second host compound BH1 and a narrow blue dopant NBD.
In comparative example 3, the mass ratio of the first host compound BH4 and the second host compound BH1 was 9.6: 14.4 and the content of the first matrix compound BH4 was higher than that of the second matrix compound BH 1. Comparative example 3 shows a reduced driving voltage compared to the examples, but comparative example 3 shows reduced current efficiency, external quantum efficiency, and lifetime characteristics compared to the examples.
Fig. 9 shows that the organic electroluminescent devices according to examples 2, 5 and 6 are driven at a lower driving voltage than the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 1 at the same current density. Fig. 10 shows that the organic electroluminescent devices according to examples 2, 5 and 6 have improved lifetimes compared to the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 1.
Fig. 11 shows that the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 3 is driven at a lower driving voltage than the organic electroluminescent device according to example 7 at the same current density. Fig. 12 shows that the life span of the organic electroluminescent device according to comparative example 3 is shorter than that of the organic electroluminescent device according to example 7.
Example 8
In the same manner as in example 1, a hole injection layer, a first hole transport layer, a first blue light emitting layer, a first electron transport layer, a first n-type charge generation layer, a first p-type charge generation layer, a second hole transport layer, a yellowish green light emitting layer, a second electron transport layer, a second n-type charge generation layer, a second p-type charge generation layer, a third hole transport layer, a second blue light emitting layer, a third electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and a cathode were deposited in the order of (a) to (p) on an ITO substrate, thereby fabricating a white organic electroluminescent device having a multi-layered light emitting structure
(a) Hole injection layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000361
To
Figure BDA0002169954340000362
): the hole injection layer uses HAT-CN as its material:
<HAT-CN>
Figure BDA0002169954340000371
(b) first hole transport layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000372
To is that
Figure BDA0002169954340000373
): the hole transport layer uses HTL as its material:
<HTL>
Figure BDA0002169954340000374
(c) first blue light emitting layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000375
To is that
Figure BDA0002169954340000376
): the first blue light emitting layer used a first host compound BH3 and a second host compound BH 1. Into which 4% of a narrow blue dopant NBD is doped. The mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound and the dopant (BH 1: BH 3: NBD) was 19.2: 4.8: 1.
<BH1>
Figure BDA0002169954340000381
<BH3>
Figure BDA0002169954340000382
<NBD>
Figure BDA0002169954340000383
(d) first electron transport layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000384
To is that
Figure BDA0002169954340000385
): the first electron transport layer uses ETL as its material:
<ETL>
Figure BDA0002169954340000391
(e) first n-type charge generation layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000392
To is that
Figure BDA0002169954340000393
): the first n-type charge generation layer used the following BPhen: li (doping with 1% to 2% Li) as a dopantThe material is as follows:
<BPhen：Li>
Figure BDA0002169954340000394
(f) first p-type charge generation layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000395
To is that
Figure BDA0002169954340000396
): the first p-type charge generation layer uses the following HAT-CN as its material:
<HAT-CN>
Figure BDA0002169954340000401
(g) second hole transport layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000402
To
Figure BDA0002169954340000403
): the second hole transport layer uses HTL as its material:
<HTL>
Figure BDA0002169954340000404
(h) yellow-green luminescent layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000405
To is that
Figure BDA0002169954340000406
): the yellow-green light emitting layer uses a first host compound CBP and a second host compound BAlq, and uses ir (btp)2(acac) as a dopant:
<CBP>
Figure BDA0002169954340000411
<BAlq>
Figure BDA0002169954340000412
<Ir(btp)2(acac)>
Figure BDA0002169954340000413
(i) second electron transport layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000414
To
Figure BDA0002169954340000415
): the second electron transport layer uses the following TPBi as its material:
<TPBi>
Figure BDA0002169954340000421
(j) second n-type charge generation layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000422
To is that
Figure BDA0002169954340000423
): the second n-type charge generation layer used the following BPhen: li (doping of 1% to 2% Li) as its material:
<BPhen：Li>
Figure BDA0002169954340000424
(k) second p-type charge generation layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000425
To
Figure BDA0002169954340000426
): the second p-type charge generation layer uses the following HAT-CN as its material:
<HAT-CN>
Figure BDA0002169954340000431
(l) Third hole transport layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000432
To
Figure BDA0002169954340000433
): the hole transport layer uses HTL as its material:
<HTL>
Figure BDA0002169954340000434
(m) second blue light emitting layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000435
To
Figure BDA0002169954340000436
): the second blue light-emitting layer used the first host compound BH3 and the second host compound BH 1. Into which 4% of a narrow blue dopant NBD is doped. The mass ratio between the second host compound, the first host compound and the dopant (BH 1: BH 3: NBD) was 19.2: 4.8: 1.
<BH1>
Figure BDA0002169954340000441
<BH3>
Figure BDA0002169954340000442
<NBD>
Figure BDA0002169954340000443
(n) third Electron transport layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000444
To
Figure BDA0002169954340000445
): the third electron transport layer uses the following TPBi as its material:
<TPBi>
Figure BDA0002169954340000451
(o) electron injection layer (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000452
To
Figure BDA0002169954340000453
): the electron injection layer uses LiF as its material.
(p) cathode (thickness)
Figure BDA0002169954340000454
): the cathode uses Al as its material.
Comparative example 4
A white organic electroluminescent device having a multilayer light-emitting structure was manufactured in the same manner as in example 8, except that BH2 was used in place of BH3 used in each of the first blue light-emitting layer and the second blue light-emitting layer of example 8, and that in comparative example 4, the mass ratio between the second host compound, the additional second host compound, and the narrow blue dopant (BH 1: BH 2: NBD) was 19.2: 4.8: 1.
<BH2>
Figure BDA0002169954340000455
test example 3 evaluation of electro-optical characteristics of three-layer white light device
The electro-optical characteristics were measured based on the combination of the first host compound, the second host compound, and the narrow blue dopant using the three-layered white organic electroluminescent devices according to example 8 and comparative example 4. Table 4 summarizes the measurements. Fig. 13 and 14 show graphs showing the driving characteristics and the life characteristics of the device.
[ Table 4]
Figure BDA0002169954340000461
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in various forms. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative and not restrictive in all respects.

Claims (20)

1. An organic electroluminescent device comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
a first light emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode and configured to emit blue light,
wherein the first light-emitting layer comprises a host composition and a blue dopant,
wherein the blue dopant includes a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula D,
Figure FDA0003494233920000011
Figure FDA0003494233920000012
at least one of the group consisting of a first matrix compound and a second matrix compound,
wherein the triplet energy level of the first host compound is higher than the triplet energy level of the blue dopant and the triplet energy level of the second host compound is lower than the triplet energy level of the blue dopant:
< chemical formula D >
Figure FDA0003494233920000021
Wherein R isa、Rb、Rc、RdAnd ReEach independently represents one selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C12 monovalent aliphatic chain hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 monovalent aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C60 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C60 monovalent heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C24 arylamino group.
2. The organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 1, wherein R isa、Rb、Rc、RdAnd ReForm a fused ring with the adjacent 6-membered aromatic ring.
3. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one compound represented by formula D is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure FDA0003494233920000022
Figure FDA0003494233920000031
4. the organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the content of the first host compound is lower than the content of the second host compound.
5. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the organic electroluminescent device satisfies equation I:
x + Y ═ 24 (equation I)
Wherein X represents a ratio of a mass of the first host compound to a mass of the blue dopant, Y represents a ratio of a mass of the second host compound to a mass of the blue dopant, and Y is a rational number of 14 to 22.
6. The organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 5, wherein Y is a rational number of 16 to 21.
7. The organic electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 5, wherein a ratio between X and Y is in a range of 1: 9 to 4: 6.
8. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the first host compound has a triplet level in the range of 2.7eV to 2.8eV, and the second host compound has a triplet level in the range of 1.8eV to 1.9 eV.
9. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the first host compound is a carbazolyl compound.
10. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 9, wherein the carbazolyl compound is a compound represented by formula C:
< chemical formula C >
Figure FDA0003494233920000041
Wherein R isd、Re、RfAnd RgEach independently represents one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C15 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C9 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl, substituted or unsubstituted trialkylsilyl, and substituted or unsubstituted triarylsilyl,
m and p are each independently an integer of 1 to 4,
n and o are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, and
Rxand RyEach independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C50 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
11. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the second host compound is an anthracene-based compound.
12. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 11, wherein the anthracene-based compound is a compound represented by a chemical formula H:
< chemical formula H >
Figure FDA0003494233920000051
Wherein R iswAnd RzEach independently represents-L-ArnWherein denotes a site bonded to anthracene,
l represents a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, and
Arnrepresents hydrogen, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C50 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
13. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the first host compound is a carbazolyl compound and the second host compound is an anthracene-based compound.
14. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 13, wherein the carbazolyl compound is a compound represented by formula C and the anthracene-based compound is a compound represented by formula H:
< chemical formula C >
Figure FDA0003494233920000061
Wherein in the formula C, Rd、Re、RfAnd RgEach independently represents one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C15 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C9 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl, substituted or unsubstituted trialkylsilyl, and substituted or unsubstituted triarylsilyl,
m and p are each independently an integer of 1 to 4,
n and o are each independently an integer of 1 to 3, and
Rxand RyEach independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C50 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group; and is
< chemical formula H >
Figure FDA0003494233920000062
Wherein in the formula H, RwAnd RzEach independently represents-L-ArnWherein denotes a site bonded to anthracene,
l represents a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, and
Arnrepresents hydrogen, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C50 monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
15. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 14, wherein the carbazolyl compound represented by formula C is a compound represented by formula C-1:
< chemical formula C-1>
Figure FDA0003494233920000071
Wherein R isd、Re、RfAnd RgEach independently represents one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C15 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C9 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl, substituted or unsubstituted trialkylsilyl, and substituted or unsubstituted triarylsilyl,
m and p are each independently an integer of 1 to 4,
n and o are each independently an integer of 1 to 3,
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9and R10Each independently represents one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C15 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl, and substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl.
16. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 14, wherein the carbazolyl compound is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure FDA0003494233920000081
Figure FDA0003494233920000091
Figure FDA0003494233920000101
Figure FDA0003494233920000111
Figure FDA0003494233920000121
17. the organic electroluminescent device according to claim 14, wherein the anthracene-based compound is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure FDA0003494233920000131
18. the organic electroluminescent device according to claim 13, wherein the organic electroluminescent device satisfies equation I:
x + Y ═ 24 (equation I)
Wherein X represents a ratio of a mass of the first host compound to a mass of the blue dopant, Y represents a ratio of a mass of the second host compound to a mass of the blue dopant, and Y is a rational number of 14 to 22.
19. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 18, wherein Y is a rational number of 16 to 21.
20. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a second light emitting layer for emitting light having a wavelength longer than that of blue light; and
a charge generation layer including an n-type charge generation layer and a p-type charge generation layer, wherein the charge generation layer is disposed between the first light emitting layer and the second light emitting layer, and the p-type charge generation layer is disposed between the n-type charge generation layer and the second light emitting layer.
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