CN110836377B - Supercritical oxidation reactor - Google Patents
Supercritical oxidation reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110836377B CN110836377B CN201911134569.6A CN201911134569A CN110836377B CN 110836377 B CN110836377 B CN 110836377B CN 201911134569 A CN201911134569 A CN 201911134569A CN 110836377 B CN110836377 B CN 110836377B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
- F23G2209/101—Waste liquor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
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Abstract
The invention provides a supercritical oxidation reactor, and relates to the technical field of waste treatment. The device comprises a combustion ring and a collection chamber, wherein the outer wall of the combustion ring is respectively provided with a plurality of feed inlets and a backflow inlet, the feed inlets are connected with feed pipes, and the backflow inlet is connected with a backflow pipe; a plurality of backflow outlets are uniformly formed in the upper part of the inner side of the combustion ring, so that the combustion ring is communicated with the collection chamber through the backflow outlets, and the discharge port of the collection chamber is respectively communicated with the backflow inlet of the combustion ring through a backflow pipeline; the bottom of the burning ring is provided with a slag discharge port. The supercritical oxidation reactor can solve the problems of inorganic salt blockage and corrosion and has stable reaction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, in particular to a supercritical oxidation reactor.
Background
Along with the development of the industry in China, the variety and the quantity of high-concentration organic wastewater and sludge which are difficult to degrade are more and more, and the threats to the ecological environment and the human health are more and more severe. The traditional treatment technology of refractory organic wastewater and sludge, such as a physical method, a chemical method, a pretreatment and biochemical method and the like, has the problems of complex process, high cost, low efficiency, long time consumption, secondary pollution and the like.
The supercritical water oxidation technology is that under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, supercritical water is used as a chemical reaction medium to rapidly and thoroughly oxidize organic matters. It provides a new idea for the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater and sludge which are difficult to degrade. However, since the development of supercritical water oxidation technology, the biggest difficult problem has been fouling and corrosion problems. The scale formation and blockage are caused by the fact that inorganic matters are low in solubility in a supercritical state and are easy to deposit to cause blockage; the corrosion problem is that the reactor is easily corroded under high temperature and high pressure and oxygen-containing conditions.
Therefore, it is an urgent problem to reduce the clogging and corrosion by changing the structure and operation of the reactor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is directed to a supercritical oxidation reactor, which can effectively solve the technical problems of inorganic salt blockage and corrosion of the existing supercritical oxidation reactor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a supercritical oxidation reactor comprises a combustion ring and a collection chamber, wherein the outer wall of the combustion ring is respectively provided with a plurality of feed inlets and a backflow inlet, the feed inlets are connected with feed pipes, and the backflow inlet is connected with a backflow pipe; a plurality of backflow outlets are uniformly formed in the upper portion of the inner side of the combustion ring, so that the combustion ring is communicated with the collection chamber through the backflow outlets, and the discharge port of the collection chamber is respectively communicated with the backflow inlet of the combustion ring through the backflow pipeline; and a slag discharge port is formed at the bottom of the combustion ring.
Further, feed inlet and return flow entry interval staggered arrangement respectively, just feed conduit and return flow line all follow the tangential direction of burning ring sets up.
Further, still include annular feeding trunk line, set up main feed inlet and a plurality of discharge gate on the feeding trunk line, the discharge gate respectively with feeding pipeline's feed end is connected.
Further, the organic waste entering the combustion ring through the feeding pipe and the unreacted materials and reaction residual materials returning to the combustion ring through the return pipe circularly move in the same rotating direction in the combustion ring.
Furthermore, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the collecting chamber, and the bottom of the collecting chamber is funnel-shaped.
Further, still include the backwash pump, the backwash pump sets up on the return line.
Furthermore, the return pipeline comprises a ring-shaped main return pipe and a plurality of branch return pipes which are communicated with each other, the discharge port of the collecting chamber is connected with the inlet end of the main return pipe, and the outlet ends of the plurality of branch return pipes are respectively connected with the return inlet, so that the substances flowing out of the collecting chamber flow into the branch return pipes from the main return pipe and then flow back into the combustion ring.
Further, a nozzle is arranged on a feed inlet of the combustion ring, the nozzle comprises an inlet section, a reducing section and an outlet section, the diameter of the overflowing section of the inlet section is gradually reduced, the length of the outlet section is 3-5 times of the diameter of the overflowing section of the outlet section, and the flow speed is 10-30 m/s; the reduction angle of the reduction section is 30-90 degrees; the length of the inlet section is larger than the diameter of the flow cross section of the inlet section.
Furthermore, the flow cross section in the combustion ring is rectangular, and the ratio of the height to the width of the rectangle is 1-2.5: 1.
Further, the working flow Q of the reflux pump is equal to Vr*SfWherein V isrTaking 10-30m/S, SfIs the flow cross-sectional area within the combustion ring.
The supercritical oxidation reactor can solve the problems of inorganic salt blockage and corrosion and has stable reaction. Organic waste enters the combustion ring from the tangent direction of the combustion ring at multiple points, so that multipoint synchronous reaction is realized, and the effective reaction space is larger than that of single-point reaction. The reflux pump drives the unreacted substances and reaction residual substances to circularly flow in the combustion ring, and firstly, the supercritical oxidation reaction flame is limited in the combustion ring by utilizing circular motion and centrifugal force, so that a corroded area is mainly limited in the combustion ring, and the corrosion problem is solved; secondly, inert substances such as salt and the like entering from the outside and generated by reaction are limited in the combustion ring by centrifugal force to be convenient for discharging, so that the problems of scaling and blocking of the salt are solved; thirdly, unreacted materials enter from a plurality of points in a backflow mode, so that the reaction is more sufficient and stable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the problems of inorganic salt blockage and corrosion of the supercritical oxidation reactor are solved. Inorganic salt and reaction flame are restrained in the combustion ring by centrifugal force, and the inorganic salt is discharged in time.
(2) The supercritical reaction is more complete and stable. And by refluxing, unreacted substances continuously flow back to the combustion ring to continue the reaction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view, partially in cross-section, of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view, partially in section, of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partially sectioned isometric view of a combustion ring of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal section of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure, 1, a combustion ring, 1a, a slag discharge port, 1b, a feed inlet, 1c, a reflux outlet, 1d, a collection chamber, 2a, a feed inlet, 3, a reflux pipeline, 4, a reflux pump, 5, a main feed inlet, 5a, a main feed pipeline, 10, a nozzle, 10a, an outlet section, 10b, a reduction section and 10c, an inlet section are arranged.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-8, a supercritical oxidation reactor according to the present invention is illustrated, which includes a combustion ring 1 and a collection chamber 2, wherein the outer wall of the combustion ring 1 is provided with a plurality of feed inlets 1b and a plurality of reflux inlets 1c, the feed inlets 1b are connected to a feed pipe, and the reflux inlets 1c are connected to a reflux pipe 3; a plurality of backflow outlets 1d are uniformly formed in the upper portion of the inner side of the combustion ring 1, so that the combustion ring 1 is communicated with the collection chamber 2 through the backflow outlets 1d, and a discharge hole of the collection chamber 2 is respectively communicated with a backflow inlet 1c of the combustion ring 1 through the backflow pipeline 3; the bottom of the combustion ring 1 is provided with a slag discharge port 1a.
In a preferred embodiment, the feeding ports 1b and the return inlets 1c are respectively arranged at intervals in a staggered manner, and the feeding pipes and the return pipes 3 are both arranged along the tangential direction of the center of the flow cross section of the combustion ring 1. Organic waste entering the combustion ring 1 through the feeding pipeline, unreacted substances and reaction residual substances which flow back to the combustion ring 1 through the return pipeline 3 circularly move in the combustion ring 1 along the same rotating direction, supercritical reaction flame is restrained in the combustion ring 1 through high-speed circular motion and centrifugal force, salt and other inert solid heavy substances are restrained in the combustion ring 1, and waste gas and waste residues generated by reaction are discharged from a slag discharge port 1a. The remaining lighter material flows back from the return outlet at the upper inner side of the burner ring 1 to the collection chamber 2.
The position of the reflux outlet 1d allows the reaction residual material (such as H) having a relatively low density to be discharged2O、CO2、N2Etc.) or unreacted materials to the collection chamber 2, while solid materials such as salts with higher density (e.g. sulfates, phosphates, etc.) and residues (ashes) do not flow to the collection chamber 2. In one preferred embodiment, the number of return flow outlets 1d is 12, evenly distributed over the circumference of the burner ring 1.
The reaction process of the invention comprises the following steps: the preheated organic waste to be reacted enters the combustion ring 1 from the tangential direction of the combustion ring at multiple points and reacts in the supercritical water environment. The upper part of the inner side of the combustion ring 1 is communicated with a collecting chamber 2 for flowing out reaction residual substances or unreacted substances. The unreacted materials and the reaction residual materials collected in the collection chamber 2 flow to the combustion ring 1 through the return line 3, and the reaction is sufficiently performed. By high-speed circular motion and centrifugal force, the supercritical reaction flame is restrained in the combustion ring, and the salt in the supercritical oxidation process is restrained in the combustion ring and can be discharged through the slag discharge port 1a. The slag discharge port 1a is used for discharging inert solid substances such as salts and residues after reaction and exhaust gas.
In an optimal structure setting, still include annular feeding trunk line 5a, set up main feed inlet 5 and a plurality of discharge gate on the feeding trunk line, the discharge gate respectively with feeding pipeline's feed end is connected.
In a preferred arrangement, the return line comprises a main return pipe and a plurality of branch return pipes which are in annular communication with each other, the outlet of the collecting chamber is connected to the inlet of the main return pipe, and the outlet of the plurality of branch return pipes is connected to the return inlet, respectively, so that the material flowing out of the collecting chamber flows from the main return pipe into the branch return pipes and then flows back into the combustion ring.
Preferably, the top of the collection chamber 2 is provided with a feeding port 2a for feeding an oxidant (such as oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, etc.) required for the reaction for the supercritical water oxidation reaction. The bottom is hourglass hopper-shaped, and the discharge gate sets up in bottommost. Preferably, the horizontal cross-section of the collection chamber 2 is circular and the ratio of the diameter of the bucket-shaped bottom to the depth is 2: 1-1.7.
The device also comprises a reflux pump 4, wherein the reflux pump 4 is arranged on the reflux pipeline 3 and is used for pumping unreacted substances and reaction residual substances in the collection chamber 2 to reflux to the combustion ring 1.
In a preferred embodiment, a nozzle 10 is arranged on the feeding hole of the combustion ring 1, the nozzle 10 comprises an inlet section 10c with a gradually reduced flow section diameter, a reduced section 10b and an outlet section 10a, the length of the outlet section is 3-5 times of the flow section diameter of the outlet section, and the flow velocity is 10-30 m/s; the reduction angle of the reduction section is 30-90 degrees; the length of the inlet section is larger than the diameter of the flow cross section of the inlet section.
At the organic matter feed port 1b, preheated organic waste to be reacted (e.g., organic sludge, high-concentration organic wastewater, etc.) is injected through the injection nozzle 10. At the reflux inlet, unreacted materials and reaction residual materials (including the oxidant required for the reaction) are refluxed through a reflux pipe.
Furthermore, the flow cross section in the combustion ring 1 is rectangular, and the ratio of the height to the width of the rectangle is 1-2.5: 1. In a further preferred embodiment, the ratio of the rectangular height to the rectangular width of the flow cross-section in the combustion ring is 2: 1.
In order to facilitate the separation of inert solid particles such as salt and the like, the working flow Q of the reflux pump is equal to Vr*SfWherein V isrTaking 10-30m/S, SfIs the flow cross-sectional area within the combustion ring.
In particular, the flow rate of the organic waste to be reacted into the nozzle is denoted QinThe maximum particle size of the organic waste to be reacted is phiin. Note that the diameter of the flow cross section of the outlet section 10a is phi1Length of L1(ii) a The diameter of the flow cross-section of the inlet section 10c is phi2Length of L2. The reduction angle of the reduced section 10b is α.
1) In order to make the outlet of the nozzle 10 not easy to be blocked and to have a suitable outlet velocity, the diameter of the flow cross section of the outlet section 10a is phi1Satisfies the following conditions:
φ1>φinand 10 is<4Qin/(πφ1 2)<30 (units of 10 and 30 are m/s). Preferably, 0.8Vr<4Qin/(πφ1 2)<1.2Vr。
2) The length L of the outlet section 10a is such that the outlet flow pattern of the nozzle 10 is stable1Satisfies the following conditions:
3φ1<L1<5φ1。
3) in order to reduce the resistance loss during the change of the cross section of the nozzle 10 and stabilize the flow, the reduction angle α of the reduced section 10b satisfies:
30°<α<90°。
4) the length L of the inlet section 10c is such that the inlet flow of the nozzle 10 is stable2Satisfies the following conditions:
L2>φ2。
in one preferred embodiment, the organic material feed ports 1b and the nozzles 10 are arranged in 2-6 groups, which are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the combustion ring 1. The number of the backflow inlets 1c is 2-6, and the backflow inlets are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the combustion ring 1. In one embodiment, the number of the organic material inlets 1b is equal to the number of the backflow inlets 1c, and the organic material inlets and the backflow inlets are 3, and are distributed on the circumference of the combustion ring 1 in a staggered and uniform mode.
The reaction process of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. the oxidant enters from the top of the collection chamber 2 and is used for supercritical water oxidation reaction;
2. the preheated organic waste to be reacted enters from the organic matter main feed inlet 5, enters the combustion ring 1 through the nozzles 10 at the plurality of organic matter feed inlets 1b through the main feed pipe 5a, and reacts in the supercritical water environment;
3. unreacted materials and reaction residual materials (including oxidant entering from the top of the collection chamber 2) collected by the collection chamber 2 continuously flow back to the combustion ring 1 through a return pipeline 3 under the driving of a return pump 4 at a plurality of return inlets 1 c;
4. the organic waste and the oxidant entering the combustion ring 1, and the unreacted materials and the reaction residual materials introduced through the return pipe 3 circularly move in the same rotation direction in the combustion ring 1. Through the circular motion and the centrifugal force of the substances in the combustion ring 1, the supercritical reaction flame of the organic substances and the oxidant is restrained in the combustion ring 1, and the salt and other inert solid heavy substances are restrained in the combustion ring 1 and can be discharged through a slag discharge port 1a. The rest of the lighter substances flow back to the collection chamber 2 from the return outlet 1d of the combustion ring 1;
5. waste gas and waste slag generated by the reaction are discharged from the slag discharge port 1a.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A supercritical oxidation reactor, characterized by: the device comprises a combustion ring and a collection chamber, wherein the outer wall of the combustion ring is respectively provided with a plurality of feed inlets and a backflow inlet, the feed inlets are connected with feed pipes, and the backflow inlet is connected with a backflow pipe; a plurality of backflow outlets are uniformly formed in the upper portion of the inner side of the combustion ring, so that the combustion ring is communicated with the collection chamber through the backflow outlets, and the discharge port of the collection chamber is respectively communicated with the backflow inlet of the combustion ring through the backflow pipeline; the bottom of the combustion ring is provided with a slag discharge port;
wherein the organic waste entering the combustion ring through the feeding pipe and the unreacted materials and the reaction residual materials returning to the combustion ring through the return pipe circularly move in the same rotating direction in the combustion ring.
2. The supercritical oxidation reactor as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the feed inlet and the backflow inlet are arranged at intervals in a staggered mode respectively, and the feed pipeline and the backflow pipeline are arranged along the tangential direction of the combustion ring.
3. The supercritical oxidation reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: still include annular feeding trunk line, set up main feed inlet and a plurality of discharge gate on the feeding trunk line, the discharge gate respectively with feeding pipeline's feed end is connected.
4. The supercritical oxidation reactor as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the top of the collecting chamber is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom of the collecting chamber is funnel-shaped.
5. The supercritical oxidation reactor as set forth in claim 4 wherein: still include the backwash pump, the backwash pump sets up on the return line.
6. The supercritical oxidation reactor as set forth in claim 5 wherein: the return pipeline comprises a ring-shaped main return pipe and a plurality of branch return pipes which are communicated with each other, a discharge port of the collecting chamber is connected with an inlet end of the main return pipe, outlet ends of the plurality of branch return pipes are respectively connected with the return inlet, and therefore substances flowing out of the collecting chamber flow into the branch return pipes from the main return pipe and then flow back into the combustion ring.
7. The supercritical oxidation reactor according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: a nozzle is arranged on a feed inlet of the combustion ring, the nozzle comprises an inlet section, a reduction section and an outlet section, the diameter of the overflowing section of the inlet section is reduced in sequence, the length of the outlet section is 3-5 times of the diameter of the overflowing section of the outlet section, and the flow speed is 10-30 m/s; the reduction angle of the reduction section is 30-90 degrees; the length of the inlet section is larger than the diameter of the flow cross section of the inlet section.
8. The supercritical oxidation reactor as set forth in claim 7 wherein: the flow cross section in the combustion ring is rectangular, and the ratio of the height to the width of the rectangle is 1-2.5: 1.
9. The supercritical oxidation reactor as set forth in claim 8 wherein: the working flow Q of the reflux pump is Vr*SfWherein V isrTaking the flow velocity of the inner flow cross section of the combustion ring as 10-30m/S and SfIs the flow cross-sectional area within the combustion ring.
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