CN110813926B - Oil stain surface self-cleaning device and method based on anti-electrowetting effect - Google Patents
Oil stain surface self-cleaning device and method based on anti-electrowetting effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN110813926B CN110813926B CN201910816477.XA CN201910816477A CN110813926B CN 110813926 B CN110813926 B CN 110813926B CN 201910816477 A CN201910816477 A CN 201910816477A CN 110813926 B CN110813926 B CN 110813926B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil stain surface self-cleaning device and method based on anti-electrowetting effect, the device comprises: a self-cleaning environment device and a regulating power supply which are connected through a lead; wherein, self-cleaning environment device includes: the device comprises a fluid cavity, an oil stain film surface, a dielectric material layer, a base metal and a low-conductivity fluid; the low-conductivity fluid is contained in the fluid cavity and is used as an operating environment for the surface self-cleaning process of the greasy dirt film; spraying the dielectric material layer on the outer surface of the base metal, and completely wrapping the base metal; the surface of the oil stain film is tightly attached to the outer surface of the dielectric material layer. The method is based on the dielectric wetting effect, the surface of the oil stain film to be treated is placed in the low-conductivity fluid, a liquid-liquid contact angle is formed on the surface of the oil stain film, the contact angle of the oil film side is rapidly increased by applying external voltage, and the oil stain film is separated from the surface of the oil stain film under the driving of dynamic energy after the transient contact angle reaches 180 degrees, so that the self-cleaning of the oil stain surface is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid control and management, and particularly relates to an oil stain surface self-cleaning device and method based on anti-electrowetting effect.
Background
The self-cleaning of oil drops or oil films on the surfaces of the thin film layers is difficult, the surfaces of a plurality of thin films have good lipophilicity, the oil films are spread after pollution, and the formed contact angle is almost zero, so that the oil stains are difficult to be completely washed clean by a conventional physical cleaning method. And cleaning the surface of the thin film by external force (such as physical washing and chemical agent cleaning) also brings new problems, for example, the physical cleaning process is easy to damage the thin film layer, and the chemical agent method is easy to change the property characteristics of the thin film surface. Therefore, the traditional cleaning method has great limitation on the surface of a precious film or a film with a microstructure.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem of the invention is solved: the method is characterized in that the dielectric wetting effect is taken as a basis, the surface of an oil stain film to be treated is placed in a low-conductivity fluid, a liquid-liquid contact angle is formed on the surface of the oil stain film, an external voltage is applied to quickly increase the contact angle of the oil film side, and after the transient contact angle reaches 180 degrees, the oil stain film is separated from the surface of the oil stain film under the driving of dynamic energy, so that the self-cleaning of the oil stain surface is realized.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses an oil stain surface self-cleaning device based on anti-electrowetting effect, which comprises: a self-cleaning environment device and a regulating power supply which are connected through a lead; wherein, self-cleaning environment device includes: the device comprises a fluid cavity, an oil stain film surface, a dielectric material layer, a base metal and a low-conductivity fluid;
the low-conductivity fluid is contained in the fluid cavity and is used as an operating environment for the surface self-cleaning process of the greasy dirt film;
spraying the dielectric material layer on the outer surface of the base metal, and completely wrapping the base metal;
the surface of the oil stain film is tightly attached to the outer surface of the dielectric material layer.
In the above-mentioned greasy dirt surface self-cleaning device based on anti-electrowetting effect, still include: a positive terminal and a negative terminal;
the positive connecting terminal is suspended in the low-conductivity fluid and is connected with the output positive terminal of the regulating power supply through a lead;
the negative terminal is arranged at one side end of the base metal and is connected with the output negative end of the adjusting power supply through a lead.
In the above-mentioned greasy dirt surface self-cleaning device based on anti-electrowetting effect, still include: a cut-off switch;
the circuit breaker is arranged on a lead for connecting the positive terminal with the output positive terminal of the regulating power supply.
In the oil stain surface self-cleaning device based on the anti-electrowetting effect, a negative electrode connecting terminal and a lead which are placed in low-conductivity fluid adopt an insulating coating structure.
In the above oil stain surface self-cleaning device based on the anti-electrowetting effect, the low-conductivity fluid is immiscible with the oil film carried on the surface of the oil stain film.
In the above-mentioned greasy dirt surface self-cleaning device based on anti-electrowetting effect, the density of the low-conductivity fluid is greater than the density of the oil film carried on the surface of the greasy dirt film.
In the above-mentioned greasy dirt surface self-cleaning device based on anti-electrowetting effect, still include: an alternating current power supply;
the alternating current power supply is connected to the input end of the adjusting power supply, and outputs direct current adjustable voltage or alternating current adjustable voltage through the output end of the adjusting power supply.
In the above oil stain surface self-cleaning device based on the anti-electrowetting effect, the output voltage threshold V of the regulating power supply satisfies:
wherein σ represents the interfacial tension between the oil film and the low-conductivity fluid, d represents the thickness of the dielectric material layer, ε represents the dielectric constant of the dielectric material layer, ε represents the viscosity of the oil film0Denotes the vacuum dielectric constant, theta0Represents the initial contact angle of the oil film on the greasy surface; c represents the dielectric strength of the electrical material layer.
In the above oil stain surface self-cleaning device based on the anti-electrowetting effect, when the voltage applied to the surface of the oil stain film is greater than the output voltage threshold V, the oil film on the surface of the oil stain film is contracted due to the rapid movement of the contact property and the rapid increase of the contact angle, and under the action of dynamic energy and inertia, the oil film is completely contracted into independent oil drops and bounces on the surface of the film.
The invention also discloses an oil stain surface self-cleaning method based on the anti-electrowetting effect, which comprises the following steps:
building a self-cleaning environment device;
connecting the self-cleaning environment device with a regulating power supply through a lead;
wherein, a self-cleaning environment device is built by the following steps:
the fluid with low conductivity is contained in the fluid cavity and is used as an operating environment for the surface self-cleaning process of the greasy dirt film;
spraying a dielectric material layer on the outer surface of the base metal to completely wrap the base metal;
the surface of the oil stain film is tightly attached to the outer surface of the dielectric material layer and is jointly placed in the low-conductivity fluid.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention discloses an oil stain surface self-cleaning scheme based on an anti-electrowetting effect, which is characterized in that on the basis of a dielectric wetting effect, the surface of an oil stain film to be treated is placed in a low-conductivity fluid, a liquid-liquid contact angle is formed on the surface of the oil stain film, an external voltage is applied to rapidly increase the contact angle at the side of the oil stain film, and after a transient contact angle reaches 180 degrees, the oil stain film is separated from the surface of the oil stain film under the drive of dynamic energy, so that the oil stain surface is self-cleaned.
(2) The invention discloses an oil stain surface self-cleaning scheme based on an anti-electrowetting effect, which has a simple structure and is convenient to operate, wherein a metal substrate layer is completely wrapped by a dielectric material, and meanwhile, the metal substrate layer and a lead in an environmental fluid are also wrapped by an insulating skin, so that the occurrence of electrolysis and oxidation on the surfaces of a positive electrode and a negative electrode and on the metal substrate is prevented, and the anti-electrowetting process has good stability and sustainability.
(3) The invention discloses an oil stain surface self-cleaning scheme based on a reverse electrowetting effect, which can change the ion concentration and the conductive characteristic of environmental fluid by designing reasonable low-conductivity fluid so as to enable the reverse electrowetting effect to act to the maximum extent; by selecting reasonable dielectric material and coating thickness, effective operating voltage can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the problems of surface breakdown, dielectric effect failure and the like are avoided.
(4) The invention discloses an anti-electrowetting effect based oil stain surface self-cleaning scheme, which has a wide operation range, and can change the phase interface tension and the initial contact angle by selecting reasonable environmental fluid for oil stain types with different densities, viscosities and sizes, so that the operation voltage is in a controllable range, and the oil stain cleaning process is rapidly completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil stain surface self-cleaning device based on an anti-electrowetting effect in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the oil film morphology change and the separation process of the oil film on the surface of the oil stain film after applying a voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation effect of the change of the initial contact angle of the oil film on the surface of the oil stain film according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the self-cleaning device for greasy dirt surface based on anti-electrowetting effect includes: self-cleaning environment equipment and a regulating power supply 9 connected through wires. Wherein, self-cleaning environment device includes: a fluid chamber 1, an oil-contaminated film surface 2, a layer of dielectric material 3, a base metal 4 and a low conductivity fluid 6.
Preferably, the low-conductivity fluid 6 is contained in the fluid cavity 1 and is used as a working environment fluid for the self-cleaning process of the greasy dirt film surface 2; the dielectric material layer 3 is sprayed on the outer surface of the base metal 4, and the base metal 4 is completely wrapped; the greasy dirt film surface 2 is closely attached to the outer surface of the dielectric material layer 3.
The method is based on the dielectric wetting effect, the surface of the oil stain film to be treated is placed in the low-conductivity fluid, a liquid-liquid contact angle is formed on the surface of the oil stain film, the contact angle of the oil film side is rapidly increased by applying external voltage, and the oil stain film is separated from the surface of the oil stain film under the driving of dynamic energy after the transient contact angle reaches 180 degrees, so that the self-cleaning of the oil stain surface is realized.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the self-cleaning device for the greasy dirt surface based on the anti-electrowetting effect further comprises: a positive terminal 7 and a negative terminal 8. The positive connecting terminal 7 is suspended in the low-conductivity fluid 6 and is connected with the positive output end of the regulating power supply 9 through a lead; the negative terminal 8 is arranged at one side end of the base metal 4 and is connected with the output negative end of the regulating power supply 9 through a lead.
Preferably, the negative electrode connecting terminal 8 and the lead wire which are arranged in the low-conductivity fluid 6 are both of an insulation coating structure, so that the occurrence of electrolysis and oxidation on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode and on the metal substrate is prevented, and the anti-electrowetting process has good stability and sustainability.
Preferably, a circuit breaker 11 is further arranged on a lead for connecting the positive terminal 7 of the positive terminal and the positive output terminal of the adjusting power supply 9, the on-off of the whole oil stain surface self-cleaning device can be controlled, the power can be timely cut off when abnormality occurs, and the device is safe and reliable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device for self-cleaning an oil surface based on the anti-electrowetting effect may further include: an alternating current power supply 10. The alternating current power supply 10 is connected to an input end of the adjusting power supply 9, and outputs a direct current adjustable voltage or an alternating current adjustable voltage through an output end of the adjusting power supply 9.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the working range of the adjusting power supply 9, that is, the output voltage threshold V of the adjusting power supply 9, can be determined by calculating the output voltage required by the adjusting power supply 9 by estimating the thickness of the greasy dirt surface.
Further preferably, the output voltage threshold V of the regulated power supply 9 may be determined by:
wherein σ represents the interfacial tension between the oil film 5 and the low-conductivity fluid 6, d represents the thickness of the dielectric material layer 3, ε represents the dielectric constant of the dielectric material layer 3, ε represents the viscosity of the oil film0Denotes the vacuum dielectric constant, theta0Represents the initial contact angle of the oil film 5 on the greasy surface; c represents the dielectric strength of the electrical material layer 3.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when the voltage applied to the greasy dirt film surface 2 is greater than the output voltage threshold V, the rapid movement of the contact property and the rapid increase of the contact angle cause the oil film 5 on the greasy dirt film surface 2 to shrink, so that the oil film 5 completely shrinks into independent oil drops under the action of dynamic energy and inertia, and bounces on the film surface.
Further, in the present embodiment, the adopted low conductivity fluid 6 is immiscible with the oil film 5 carried on the surface 2 of the oil stain film, and the density of the low conductivity fluid 6 is greater than that of the oil film 5 carried on the surface 2 of the oil stain film; therefore, the oil drops bounced on the surface of the film can float to the surface of the low-conductivity fluid, secondary deposition on the surface of the oil stain is avoided, and the self-cleaning effect of the surface of the oil stain is improved.
The low-conductivity fluid may be ultrapure water, a low-concentration saline solution, an ionic liquid, or the like, which is not limited in this embodiment. The corresponding matched dielectric material may be selected based on dielectric constant, dielectric strength, mechanical properties, and the like.
In summary, the present invention discloses a self-cleaning scheme for an oil stain surface based on an anti-electrowetting effect, which is based on a dielectric wetting effect, wherein the surface of an oil stain film to be treated is placed in a low-conductivity fluid, a liquid-liquid contact angle is formed on the surface of the oil stain film, an external voltage is applied to rapidly increase the contact angle of the oil film side, and when a transient contact angle reaches 180 degrees, the transient contact angle is separated from the surface of the oil stain film under the driving of dynamic energy, so that the self-cleaning of the oil stain surface is realized. Simple structure, convenient operation wraps up the metal substrate layer completely through dielectric material, and the metal substrate layer also is wrapped by insulating skin with the wire in the environmental fluid simultaneously, has prevented the emergence of electrolysis and oxidation on positive negative pole surface and the metal substrate, makes the anti-electrowetting process have fine stability and sustainability. Secondly, the ion concentration and the conductive characteristic of the environmental fluid can be changed by designing a reasonable low-conductivity fluid, so that the anti-electrowetting effect can act to the maximum extent; by selecting reasonable dielectric material and coating thickness, effective operating voltage can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the problems of surface breakdown, dielectric effect failure and the like are avoided. And thirdly, the oil stain surface self-cleaning scheme has a wide operation range, and can change the phase interface tension and the initial contact angle by selecting reasonable environmental fluid for oil stain types with different densities, viscosities and sizes, so that the operation voltage is in a controllable range, and the oil stain cleaning process is rapidly completed.
Example 3
On the basis of the embodiment, the invention also discloses an oil stain surface self-cleaning method based on the anti-electrowetting effect, which comprises the following steps: building a self-cleaning environment device; the self-cleaning environment device is connected with the regulating power supply 9 through a lead. Wherein, a self-cleaning environment device is built by the following steps: the low-conductivity fluid 6 is contained in the fluid cavity 1 and is used as an operating environment for the self-cleaning process of the surface 2 of the oil stain film; spraying a dielectric material layer 3 on the outer surface of the base metal 4, and completely wrapping the base metal 4; the greasy dirt film surface 2 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the dielectric material layer 3 and together placed in the low conductivity fluid 6.
In this embodiment, the oil stain surface self-cleaning scheme based on the anti-electrowetting effect realizes the following specific operation and realization principles:
cleaning a fluid cavity 1, attaching an oil stain film surface 2 to be treated to the outside of a base metal 4 coated with a dielectric material layer 3, and putting the oil stain film surface and the base metal together into the fluid cavity 1; the adjusting power supply 9 is in a closed state firstly, the input end of the adjusting power supply 9 is connected to a conventional alternating current power supply 10, and the output end of the adjusting power supply 9 is respectively connected with the positive connecting terminal 7 and the negative connecting terminal 8 through leads (or the adjusting power supply can be used without dividing the positive electrode and the negative electrode); a low-conductivity fluid 6 is added into the fluid cavity 1 (the low-conductivity fluid 6 is selected according to the characteristic that the low-conductivity fluid 6 and the fluid of the oil film 5 to be controlled have immiscible property, the density of the low-conductivity fluid 6 is generally greater than that of the oil stain fluid 5, and the low-conductivity fluid can be fluids such as ultrapure water, low-concentration salt solution or ionic liquid); after the low-conductivity fluid 6 is added, the contact angle of the oil stain on the surface of the film changes, as shown in fig. 3, the contact angle of the oil stain in the air environment is almost zero, and after the low-conductivity fluid 6 is placed, the contact angle is obviously increased, which is caused by the change of the surface energy among three phases, and meanwhile, convenience is brought to the anti-electrowetting operation and the oil stain cleaning; determining the working range (i.e., the output voltage threshold V) of the regulated power supply 9 by calculating the required output voltage, and setting the output voltage of the regulated power supply 9; the adjusting power supply 9 can be a direct current power supply or an alternating current power supply, and tests show that the alternating current power supply mode can bring more remarkable control effect, and the required operation threshold voltage is lower than the voltage range under the condition of the direct current power supply.
Turning on the adjusting power supply 9, turning on the circuit breaker 11, the substrate metal surface layer is a cathode, the whole low-conductivity fluid is an anode, an instantaneous voltage is generated between the substrate metal and the low-conductivity fluid, free electrons, ions and the like in the substrate metal 4 and the low-conductivity fluid 6 are redistributed on two sides of the dielectric material layer 3, and the three-phase contact surface energy (the anti-electrowetting phenomenon is generated near a liquid-solid phase contact line) is changed, so that the contact angle of the low-conductivity fluid 6 side is reduced, and the contact angle of the oil film 5 side is increased.
When the voltage applied to the surface of the oil stain film is greater than the output voltage threshold value V, the oil film on the surface of the oil stain film is contracted due to the rapid contact movement and the rapid increase of the contact angle, and the oil film is completely contracted into independent oil drops under the action of dynamic energy and inertia and bounces on the surface of the film. The density of the low-conductivity fluid is greater than that of oil drops, and the bounced oil drops float to the surface of the low-conductivity fluid to avoid secondary deposition on the surface of the oil stain and realize self-cleaning of the surface of the oil stain.
After the bounced oil drops float to the surface of the low-conductivity fluid 6, the bounced oil drops can be sucked and removed, the operation range of the power supply 9 is continuously adjusted, the on-off switch 11 is not switched off, and the oil film (or the oil drops) on the surface 2 of the oil stain film is continuously cleaned, so that active complete self-cleaning is realized.
For the method embodiment, since it corresponds to the apparatus embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, refer to the description of the apparatus embodiment section.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Claims (8)
1. An oily soil surface self-cleaning device based on anti-electrowetting effect is characterized by comprising: a self-cleaning environment device and a regulating power supply (9) connected by a wire; wherein, self-cleaning environment device includes: the device comprises a fluid cavity (1), an oil stain film surface (2), a dielectric material layer (3), a base metal (4) and a low-conductivity fluid (6);
the low-conductivity fluid (6) is contained in the fluid cavity (1) and is used as an operating environment for the self-cleaning process of the greasy dirt film surface (2);
the dielectric material layer (3) is sprayed on the outer surface of the base metal (4) to completely wrap the base metal (4);
the surface (2) of the oil stain film is tightly attached to the outer surface of the dielectric material layer (3);
the output voltage threshold V of the regulated power supply (9) satisfies:
wherein σ represents the interfacial tension between the oil film (5) and the low-conductivity fluid (6), d represents the thickness of the dielectric material layer (3), ε represents the dielectric constant of the dielectric material layer (3), ε represents the electrical conductivity of the dielectric material layer (3)0Denotes the vacuum dielectric constant, theta0Represents the initial contact angle of the oil film (5) on the greasy surface; c represents the dielectric strength of the dielectric material layer (3);
when the voltage applied to the surface (2) of the oil stain film is larger than the output voltage threshold value V, the oil film (5) on the surface (2) of the oil stain film contracts due to the rapid movement of the contact property and the rapid increase of the contact angle, and the oil film (5) is completely contracted into independent oil drops under the action of dynamic energy and inertia and bounces on the surface of the film.
2. The self-cleaning device for the greasy surface based on the anti-electrowetting effect as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a positive connecting terminal (7) and a negative connecting terminal (8);
the positive connecting terminal (7) is suspended in the low-conductivity fluid (6) and is connected with the output positive end of the regulating power supply (9) through a lead;
the negative electrode wiring terminal (8) is arranged at one side end of the base metal (4) and is connected with the output negative end of the adjusting power supply (9) through a lead.
3. The self-cleaning device for the greasy surface based on the anti-electrowetting effect as claimed in claim 2, further comprising: a disconnecting switch (11);
the circuit breaker (11) is arranged on a lead for connecting the positive terminal (7) with the positive output terminal of the regulating power supply (9).
4. The self-cleaning device for greasy dirt surfaces based on anti-electrowetting effect as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the negative terminal (8) and the conducting wire placed in the fluid (6) with low conductivity are both in an insulating coating structure.
5. The greasy surface self-cleaning device based on the anti-electrowetting effect of claim 1, characterized in that the low conductivity fluid (6) is immiscible with the oil film (5) carried on the greasy film surface (2).
6. The greasy surface self-cleaning device based on the anti-electrowetting effect of claim 1, characterized in that the low conductivity fluid (6) has a density greater than the density of the oil film (5) carried on the greasy film surface (2).
7. The self-cleaning device for the greasy surface based on the anti-electrowetting effect as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: an alternating current power supply (10);
the alternating current power supply (10) is connected to the input end of the adjusting power supply (9) and outputs direct current adjustable voltage or alternating current adjustable voltage through the output end of the adjusting power supply (9).
8. An oil stain surface self-cleaning method based on anti-electrowetting effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
building a self-cleaning environment device;
the self-cleaning environment device is connected with a regulating power supply (9) through a lead;
wherein, a self-cleaning environment device is built by the following steps:
the fluid (6) with low conductivity is contained in the fluid cavity (1) and is used as an operating environment for the self-cleaning process of the greasy dirt film surface (2);
spraying a dielectric material layer (3) on the outer surface of the base metal (4), and completely wrapping the base metal (4);
tightly attaching the surface (2) of the oil stain film and the outer surface of the dielectric material layer (3) and placing the oil stain film and the dielectric material layer together in a low-conductivity fluid (6);
wherein:
the output voltage threshold V of the regulated power supply (9) satisfies:
wherein σ represents the interfacial tension between the oil film (5) and the low-conductivity fluid (6), d represents the thickness of the dielectric material layer (3), ε represents the dielectric constant of the dielectric material layer (3), ε represents the electrical conductivity of the dielectric material layer (3)0Denotes the vacuum dielectric constant, theta0Represents the initial contact angle of the oil film (5) on the greasy surface; c represents the dielectric strength of the dielectric material layer (3);
when the voltage applied to the surface (2) of the oil stain film is larger than the output voltage threshold value V, the oil film (5) on the surface (2) of the oil stain film contracts due to the rapid movement of the contact property and the rapid increase of the contact angle, and the oil film (5) is completely contracted into independent oil drops under the action of dynamic energy and inertia and bounces on the surface of the film.
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| JP2010107908A (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-13 | Sony Corp | Electro-wetting apparatus, variable focal length lens, optical pickup apparatus, optical record reproduction apparatus, droplet operation apparatus, optical element, zoom lens, imaging apparatus, light modulating device, display, electronic flash apparatus, and method of driving electro-wetting apparatus |
| JP2012181513A (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-09-20 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Hydrophobic dielectric film for electrowetting |
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| WO2017200242A2 (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-23 | 명지대학교 산학협력단 | Cleaning apparatus and method |
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