CN110792567A - Power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean temperature difference energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of combined cooling and power generation, and relates to a combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy. The invention uses the warm seawater on the ocean surface as the main heat source, heats and vaporizes the low-boiling-point working fluid from the mixer, and the vaporized working fluid enters the expander and pushes the expander to do work, and the expander provides mechanical energy for the generator and the compressor. The exhausted steam discharged from the expander is condensed into liquid state by deep cold seawater in the condenser and flows into the flow divider. The flow divider divides the liquid working medium into two paths. The refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion valve and then enters the evaporator to absorb heat, so that the cold storage can obtain cooling capacity. The working medium from the evaporator enters the compressor and is compressed and then flows into the mixer and is mixed with the working medium from the working medium pump. The outgoing working fluid enters the generator to complete a cycle. The invention realizes full utilization of ocean temperature difference energy, and can output electric energy and cooling capacity at the same time.

Description

A combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of combined cooling and power generation, and relates to a combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy, which is a cycle system for generating electricity and refrigeration by utilizing ocean temperature difference energy.

Background technique

Traditional fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas, as non-renewable energy sources, will eventually be exhausted with the continuous exploitation of human beings. With the continuous consumption of fossil energy, the global temperature rise, air pollution and environmental changes, etc. The problem is not uncommon. The ocean is rich in renewable energy, and ocean energy has many advantages such as pollution-free and recyclable. Most of the solar radiation reaching the earth's surface is absorbed by the seawater on the earth's surface, so the seawater surface stores inexhaustible solar energy, and uses the temperature difference between the surface warm seawater and the deep cold seawater to generate electricity. Has broad prospects.

The ocean thermoelectric power generation technology based on the organic Rankine cycle uses the surface warm seawater as the heat source to heat the low-boiling-point working fluid to vaporize it. The vaporized working fluid expands in the expander and does work to convert the mechanical energy of the expander into electrical energy. The working fluid is condensed by cold seawater deep in the ocean to complete a cycle. The South my country Sea has a tropical climate, with abundant solar energy resources. The warm seawater on the ocean surface is above 25°C throughout the year, while in the deep sea below 500-800 meters, the water temperature is around 5°C, and the temperature difference can reach more than 20°C. It contains very rich thermal energy resources. Although the ocean thermoelectric power generation cycle based on the organic Rankine cycle has the advantages of simple equipment and convenient maintenance, but its thermal efficiency is low, so the market competitiveness of this technology is insufficient, and it has been difficult to achieve commercialization.

At present, the energy efficiency ratio of refrigeration equipment such as refrigerators is mostly lower than 4. The high temperature in southern my country lasts for a long time, especially in summer, the dependence on air conditioners is very high, and the power consumption of air conditioners in summer accounts for a large proportion of the total power consumption; The southern coastal areas are rich in fishery resources. Seafood salvaged from the ocean needs to be stored in cold storage in time to prevent it from rotting. Therefore, the establishment of large-scale cold storage with low operating cost is a development trend of the fishery storage industry in the South my country Sea.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean thermal energy, which uses ocean thermal energy, an environmentally friendly renewable energy, to drive R123, R134a or R600a A low-boiling-point working medium is used to perform a combined cooling and power cycle; the cycle system only needs the ocean temperature difference energy as a drive, and can operate independently without other energy sources such as solar energy and waste heat.

The technical scheme of the present invention is:

A combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy, comprising a warm sea water pump 1, a generator 2, a cold sea water pump 3, an expander 4, a condenser 5, a generator 6, a compressor 7, an evaporator 8, and a required cooling capacity. 9, expansion valve 10, adjustable flow divider 11, working fluid pump 12 and mixer 13.

The warm sea water pump 1 is connected with the warm sea water inlet end of the generator 2 through the warm sea water conveying pipeline, the warm sea water outlet end of the generator 2 is connected with the warm sea water drain pipe, and the working fluid outlet end of the generator 2 is connected with the expander 4. The inlet end of the working medium is connected, the expander 4 is connected with the generator 6 and the compressor 7, and the output work is transmitted to the generator 6 and the compressor 7, and the generator 6 and the compressor 7 are driven to run, and the generator 6 is connected with the warm sea water pump 1. , the cold sea water pump 3 and the working fluid pump 12 are connected to supply power to the equipment; the working fluid outlet end of the expander 4 is connected with the working fluid inlet end of the condenser 5, and the cold sea water pump 3 is connected to the condenser 5 through the cold sea water conveying pipeline. The cold seawater inlet end is connected, the cold seawater outlet end of the condenser 5 is connected with the cold seawater drain pipe, and the working medium outlet end of the condenser 5 is connected with the working medium inlet end of the adjustable flow divider 11; The two working medium outlet ends are respectively connected with the working medium inlet end of the working medium pump 12 and the working medium inlet end of the expansion valve 10, and the working medium outlet end of the working medium pump 12 is connected with the liquid working medium inlet end of the mixer 13. The outlet end of the working medium of the valve 10 is connected to the inlet end of the working medium of the evaporator 8, the output end of the cooling capacity of the evaporator 8 is connected to the place 9 that needs cooling capacity, and the outlet end of the working medium of the evaporator 8 is connected to the working medium of the compressor 7. The inlet end is connected; the working medium outlet end of the compressor 7 is connected with the gaseous working medium inlet end of the mixer 13 , and the working medium outlet end of the mixer 13 is connected with the working medium inlet end of the generator 2 .

The place 8 that needs cooling capacity is a cold storage.

The adjustable flow divider 11 adjusts the flow rates of the two outlet ends through automatic control or artificial means.

The working medium is ammonia, R123, R134a, R32, R152a or R600a refrigerant.

The compressor 7 can be connected with the external power supply equipment through a mechanical device, and additional mechanical energy can be obtained from the outside if necessary.

It works as follows:

The warm sea water pump 1 is connected with the warm sea water pipe to send the warm sea water into the generator 2, and the warm sea water transfers the heat in the generator 2 to the working medium flowing from the mixer 13; the working medium heated in the generator 2 becomes saturated Or the supersaturated steam enters the expander 4 to push the expander 4 to do work, and the mechanical energy output by the expander 4 drives the generator 6 and the compressor 7 to operate, and a part of the electricity generated by the generator 6 is used for the working fluid pump 12 and the warm sea water pump 2 And the operation of the cold sea water pump 3, the remaining electricity can be delivered to the user; the outlet end of the working medium of the expander 4 is connected to the inlet end of the working medium of the condenser 5, and the exhausted steam from the expander 4 enters the condenser 5 to be After the heat is transferred to the cold sea water, it becomes a liquid working medium. The cold sea water pump 3 is connected to the cold sea water inlet end of the condenser 5 through the cold sea water pipe. The cold sea water is extracted from the deep sea by the cold sea water pump 3 and sent to the condenser 5.

The adjustable flow divider 11 is connected to the condenser 5, and the working medium enters the adjustable flow divider 11 after coming out of the condenser 5 for split flow, and the adjustable flow divider 11 controls the working medium to enter the expansion valve 9 and the working medium pump 12. flow, and then control the cooling capacity of the entire system.

The cooling capacity required by the outside world increases, that is, the flow rate of the working medium entering the expansion valve 10 needs to be adjusted to increase. When the output power of the expander 4 is not enough for the compressor 7 to use, the compressor 7 can obtain mechanical energy from the outside through a mechanical device to ensure the system. can continue to operate.

The working fluid is depressurized and flowed out from the expansion valve 10 and then enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and generate cold energy. The working fluid from the evaporator 8 flows into the compressor 7 to be compressed and boosted and then enters the mixer 13, and the other part flows from the adjustable flow. The working medium from the flow divider 11 is pressurized by the working medium pump 12 and flows into the mixer 13, and then mixed with the working medium flowing in from the compressor 7, and the working medium from the mixer 13 flows into the generator 2, thereby completing the cycle process. .

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

效率；1. The use of ocean temperature difference energy for combined cooling and power generation can improve the utilization rate of ocean temperature difference energy and improve the system's efficiency.

efficiency;

2. Since the heat carried in the working medium flowing out of the evaporator is used as a part of the heat in the power generation cycle instead of discharging this part of the heat, that is, the working medium flows through the evaporator, which not only provides cooling capacity for the cold storage, but also the cold storage. As a secondary heat source in this cycle, it provides part of the heat for the subsequent evaporation of the working medium, reducing the extraction of warm seawater;

3. The cycle uses cold seawater as the cooling source, and most of the ordinary refrigeration cycles directly use the air at ambient temperature for cooling, so that the energy efficiency ratio of this cycle refrigeration is much higher than that of ordinary refrigeration cycles;

4. The adjustable flow diverter is adopted, so that the cooling capacity of the circulating output can be adjusted by adjusting the diverter;

5. When the flow rate of the working medium flowing into the expansion valve reaches a certain proportion, the working medium from the mixer becomes a boiling state of coexistence of gas and liquid, and the heat absorbed by the working medium in the generator decreases, so that the volume of the generator can be reduced. ; When the working fluid is heated in the generator, it directly enters the boiling process without going through the single-phase heat transfer process, and the surface heat transfer coefficient of this process is higher, which makes the heat exchange efficiency of the generator higher;

6. Compressed vapor cycle is used for refrigeration. When the required cooling capacity is large, mechanical energy can be provided to the compressor through external equipment, so that the adjustment range of the cooling capacity of the system can be expanded;

7. The present invention can not only use warm seawater as a heat source, but also other heat sources such as solar energy, waste heat, and waste heat.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined cycle system of power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy according to the present invention.

In the picture: 1 warm sea water pump, 2 generator, 3 cold sea water pump, 4 expander, 5 condenser, 6 generator, 7 compressor, 8 evaporator, 9 place where cooling is needed, 10 expansion valve, 11 adjustable Flow divider, 12 working fluid pumps, 13 mixers.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy includes: warm sea water pump 1, generator 2, cold sea water pump 3, expander 4, condenser 5, generator 6, compressor 7, evaporation 8 , a place requiring cooling capacity 9 , an expansion valve 10 , an adjustable flow divider 11 , a working fluid pump 12 and a mixer 13 .

The warm sea water pump 1 extracts warm sea water from the ocean surface as the heat source of the combined cycle of power generation and refrigeration based on the ocean temperature difference energy of the present invention, and the generator 2 acts as a heat exchanger, so that the heat of the warm sea water can be efficiently transferred to the workers passing through the generator 2. The working medium is completely vaporized, and the warm seawater after releasing heat is discharged from the generator 2; the gas working medium from the generator 2 enters the expander 4 to push the expander 4 to do work, and the expander 4 drives the generator 6 and The compressor 7 is running; the electricity generated by the generator 6 can be output to the user except for the warm sea water pump 1, the cold sea water pump 3 and the working fluid pump 12; the cold sea water pump 3 will extract the cold water from the depths of the ocean. The seawater is transported to the condenser 5 as the cold source of the combined cycle of power generation and refrigeration based on the ocean temperature difference energy of the present invention, so that the working medium flowing through the condenser 5 releases heat to the cold seawater and is completely liquefied, and the cold seawater flows from the condenser. 5 absorbs heat and then flows out; the liquid working medium from the condenser 5 flows into the adjustable flow divider 11, and the adjustable flow divider 11 is adjusted by the automatic control system or manual control, thereby adjusting the flow from the adjustable flow divider 11 The flow rate of the working medium entering into the expansion valve 10 and the working medium pump 12 after it comes out; the working medium after entering the expansion valve 10 is also reduced in temperature due to the pressure drop, and the low temperature and low pressure working medium coming out of the expansion valve 10 enters the evaporation The heat is absorbed in the evaporator 8, so that the place 9 that needs cooling capacity can maintain a low temperature environment; the working medium after absorbing heat from the evaporator 8 flows into the compressor 7 to be compressed and boosted and then enters the mixer 13; the cooling capacity required by the outside world Increase, that is to say, it is necessary to adjust the flow of the working medium entering the expansion valve 10 to increase. When the output power of the expander 4 is not enough for the compressor 7 to use, the compressor 7 can obtain mechanical energy from the outside through a mechanical device to ensure that the system can continue to operate; The working medium from the outlet end of the other working medium of the flow splitter 11 is adjusted to enter the working medium pump 12 for pressurization, and the pressurized liquid working medium enters the mixer 13 and is mixed with the gaseous working medium flowing in from the compressor 7 , the working medium from the mixer 13 flows into the generator 2, thereby completing the cycle process.

Claims (8)

1. A power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean temperature difference energy is characterized in that, the described power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean temperature difference energy comprises a warm sea water pump (1), a generator (2), a cold sea water pump (3 ), expander (4), condenser (5), generator (6), compressor (7), evaporator (8), place requiring cooling capacity (9), expansion valve (10), adjustable flow a flow divider (11), a working fluid pump (12) and a mixer (13); The warm sea water pump (1) is connected with the warm sea water inlet end of the generator (2) through the warm sea water conveying pipeline, the warm sea water outlet end of the generator (2) is connected with the warm sea water drain pipe, and the generator (2) works. The mass outlet end is connected with the working medium inlet end of the expander (4), the expander (4) is connected with the generator (6) and the compressor (7), and the output work is transmitted to the generator (6) and the compressor (7) ), the generator (6) and the compressor (7) are driven to operate, and the generator (6) is connected with the warm sea water pump (1), the cold sea water pump (3) and the working fluid pump (12), and the warm sea water pump (1) is connected to the working fluid pump (12). , the cold sea water pump (3) and the working fluid pump (12) for power supply; the working fluid outlet end of the expander (4) is connected with the working fluid inlet end of the condenser (5), and the cold sea water pump (3) is transported by cold sea water The pipeline is connected to the cold seawater inlet end of the condenser (5), the cold seawater outlet end of the condenser (5) is connected to the cold seawater drain pipe, and the working medium outlet end of the condenser (5) is connected to the adjustable flow divider (11) The two working medium outlet ends of the adjustable flow divider (11) are respectively connected with the working medium inlet end of the working medium pump (12) and the working medium inlet end of the expansion valve (10), and the working medium The outlet end of the working medium of the pump (12) is connected with the inlet end of the liquid working medium of the mixer (13), the outlet end of the working medium of the expansion valve (10) is connected with the inlet end of the working medium of the evaporator (8), and the evaporator ( The cooling capacity output end of 8) is connected to the place (9) that needs cooling capacity, and the working medium outlet end of the evaporator (8) is connected with the working medium inlet end of the compressor (7); the working medium outlet of the compressor (7) The end is connected with the gaseous working medium inlet end of the mixer (13), and the working medium outlet end of the mixer (13) is connected with the working medium inlet end of the generator (2). 2 . The combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy according to claim 1 , wherein the place ( 8 ) that requires cooling capacity is a cold storage. 3 . 3. A combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adjustable flow diverter (10) adjusts two outlets by automatic control or artificial means End traffic size. 4. A combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the working medium is ammonia, R123, R134a, R32, R152a or R600a refrigerant. 5 . The combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy according to claim 3 , wherein the working medium is ammonia, R123, R134a, R32, R152a or R600a refrigerant. 6 . 6. A combined cycle system of power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that, the compressor (7) is connected with the external power supply equipment through a mechanical device, and obtained from the outside world additional mechanical energy. 7 . The combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy according to claim 3 , wherein the compressor ( 7 ) is connected to an external power supply device through a mechanical device to obtain additional mechanical energy from the outside. 8 . 8 . The combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean temperature difference energy according to claim 4 , wherein the compressor ( 7 ) is connected to an external power supply device through a mechanical device to obtain additional mechanical energy from the outside. 9 .

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