CN110773773A - Ultrasonic vibration drilling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic vibration drilling device, which includes a turning system, a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, a drilling mechanism and an ultrasonic generator. The turning system includes a bed, a tailstock arranged on the bed, a three-jaw clamp plate, slide box, the slide box is set on the bed and connected with the tailstock through the connecting rod; the clamping mechanism includes a Morse cone, a triangular disc set on the Morse cone, and the three torsional vibration mechanisms are evenly distributed on the triangular disc The torsional vibration mechanism includes a horn and a first piezoelectric ceramic piece set on the horn, the horn is vertically connected to the peripheral side of the triangular disc, and the axis of the horn is connected to the Morse cone. The axes of the Morse cone do not intersect; the first end of the Morse cone is connected with the tailstock, and a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the outer surface of the second end of the Morse cone; the drilling mechanism is connected with the second end, and the drilling mechanism has a Morse cone and three-jaw chuck are coaxial drills. The invention can better realize the drilling of the workpiece.

Description

An ultrasonic vibration drilling device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to an ultrasonic vibration drilling device.

Background technique

In the field of machining, drilling has been more and more widely used as a simple and commonly used machining method, but some of its own characteristics also bring defects to the machining quality that cannot be overcome by conventional process conditions, such as hole surface machining Poor quality, large coaxiality error, large hole size deviation, large drilling force, high drilling temperature, short tool life and other defects, when drilling viscous materials such as stainless steel and titanium alloys, it will be difficult to break chips and cause scratches workpiece surface. The vibration frequency of ultrasonic vibration drilling is over 20,000 Hz and the amplitude is 3-20 microns, which can transform continuous cutting into intermittent cutting. It has essential advantages in overcoming the above processing defects, and has been widely studied. Therefore, how to design an ultrasonic vibration drilling device to realize the drilling of the workpiece has become a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic vibration drilling device to realize the drilling of the workpiece.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An ultrasonic vibration drilling device includes a turning system, a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, a drilling mechanism and an ultrasonic generator, the turning system includes a bed, a tailstock arranged on the bed, and the A three-jaw chuck and a slide box are arranged opposite the tailstock, the slide box is arranged on the bed and is connected with the tailstock through a connecting rod; the clamping mechanism includes a Morse cone, which is sleeved on the The triangular disk on the Morse cone, the three torsional vibration mechanisms are evenly distributed on the three peripheral sides of the triangular disk; Piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the horn is vertically connected to the peripheral side of the triangular disk, the axis of the horn does not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone; the first end of the Morse cone is connected to the the tailstock is connected, and a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the outer surface of the second end of the Morse cone; the drilling mechanism is connected with the second end, and the drilling mechanism has the same function as the Morse cone. The cone and the three-jaw chuck are coaxial drill bits.

Preferably, the first end of the Morse cone is a tapered structure, the second end of the Morse cone is a round rod with an external thread, and a cylindrical section passes between the tapered structure and the round rod The diameter of the round rod is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical segment; the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the round rod, and the triangular disk is sleeved on the cylindrical segment.

Preferably, a reinforcing rib is provided between the triangular disk and the cylindrical segment.

Preferably, the triangular disk and the Morse cone form an integral structure.

Preferably, the drilling mechanism further comprises an elastic collet, a locking nut and a connecting cylinder, one end of the connecting cylinder is threadedly connected with the round rod, and the outer surface of the other end of the connecting cylinder is locked with the locking cylinder The nut is threaded; the drill bit is fixed in the elastic collet, and the elastic collet is fixed in the locking nut.

Preferably, the horn is threadedly connected to the peripheral side surface of the triangular disk.

Preferably, the horn includes a first circular rod segment, a conical segment, and a second circular rod segment that are connected in sequence, and the first circular rod segment is threadedly connected to the peripheral side of the triangular disc; the first circular rod segment is The piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the second round rod segment.

Preferably, the torsional vibration mechanism further comprises a circular cover plate and a fastening bolt arranged coaxially with the horn, and the end face of the end of the second circular rod segment away from the tapered segment is provided with A threaded hole, the circular cover plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole, and the fastening bolt passes through the through hole to match with the threaded hole.

Preferably, the three torsional vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged at three corners of the triangular disk.

Preferably, the number of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is at least two.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The ultrasonic vibration drilling device of the present invention, when in use, drives the workpiece to rotate through the three-jaw chuck, and the slide box drives the tailstock to approach the workpiece, so that the drill bit and the workpiece are slightly contacted, and then the rotation speed of the workpiece reaches the set rotation speed. , turn on the ultrasonic generator, so that the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet are excited to generate axial vibration, which is transmitted to the drill bit. At this time, the drill bit will also vibrate. However, the drill bit is gradually driven by the slide box. Go deep into the workpiece until the machining of the workpiece is completed, thereby realizing the drilling of the workpiece. At the same time, when the ultrasonic generator is turned on in the present invention, the ultrasonic generator will provide an excitation signal, and the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet on the horn will vibrate axially after receiving the excitation signal. The axis of the horn of a piezoelectric ceramic sheet does not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone, thereby generating a lever, so that the axial vibration of each first piezoelectric ceramic sheet is collected into the torsional vibration of the drill bit through the triangular disk; The piezoelectric ceramic sheet will also vibrate axially after receiving the excitation signal, causing the drill bit to vibrate longitudinally. Moreover, the ultrasonic vibration drilling device of the present invention has multiple working modes, that is: the ultrasonic excitation signal can be provided to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet alone, and the longitudinal vibration of the drill can be realized at this time; the same group of ultrasonic excitation signals can be simultaneously provided to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet can realize the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration of the drill bit; the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet can also be stimulated by two different sets of ultrasonic signals, so as to Realize the longitudinal-torsional compound vibration of the drill bit.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and specific embodiments of the present invention will be further detailed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. description, which

1 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic vibration drilling device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, and a drilling mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention during installation;

3 is an exploded view of the clamping mechanism, the torsional vibration mechanism, and the drilling mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention when they are installed.

Marked in the attached drawing:

11. Bed 12, three-jaw chuck 13, slide box 14, tailstock 15, connecting rod

16. Tool holder 21, drilling mechanism 22, drill bit 23, elastic collet 24, locking nut

25. Connecting cylinder 31, conical structure 32, cylindrical segment 33, round rod 41, triangular disc

42. Circumferential side surface 43, reinforcing rib 51, first round rod segment 52, tapered segment

53. The second round rod segment 61, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62, the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet

71. Round cover plate 72. Fastening bolts

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the solution will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic vibration drilling device, which includes a turning system, a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, a drilling mechanism 21 and an ultrasonic generator. The turning system includes The bed 11, the tailstock 14 arranged on the bed 11, the three-jaw chuck 12 arranged opposite the tailstock 14, and the slide box 13, the slide box 13 is arranged on the bed and Connected to the tailstock 21 through the connecting rod 15; the clamping mechanism includes a Morse cone, a triangular disk 41 sleeved on the Morse cone, and the three torsional vibration mechanisms are evenly distributed on the triangular disk 41 The torsional vibration mechanism includes a horn and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 sleeved on the horn, and the horn is perpendicular to the peripheral side of the triangular disk 41 The axis of the horn does not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone; the first end of the Morse cone is connected to the tailstock 14, and the outer surface of the second end of the Morse cone is sleeved There is a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 ; the drilling mechanism 21 is connected to the second end, and the drilling mechanism has a drill bit 22 coaxial with the Morse cone and the three-jaw chuck 12 . It can be understood that a knife holder 16 is provided on the slide box 13 .

In the ultrasonic vibration drilling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when in use, the three-jaw chuck 12 drives the workpiece to rotate, and the slide box 13 drives the tailstock 14 to approach the workpiece, so that the drill bit 22 is in slight contact with the workpiece, and then the workpiece is When the rotation speed reaches the set rotation speed, the ultrasonic generator is turned on, so that the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 are excited to generate axial vibration, which is transmitted to the drill bit. At this time, the drill bit 22 will also vibrate. Vibration, however, the drill bit 22 is driven into the workpiece gradually by the slide box until the machining of the workpiece is completed, thereby realizing the drilling of the workpiece. At the same time, when the ultrasonic generator is turned on in the present invention, the ultrasonic generator will provide an excitation signal, and the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 on the horn will generate axial vibration after receiving the excitation signal. The axis of the horn of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 does not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone, thereby generating a lever, so that the axial vibration of each first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 is collected into the torsional vibration of the drill bit through the triangular disk; The second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 will also generate axial vibration after receiving the excitation signal, so that the drill bit will vibrate longitudinally. Moreover, the ultrasonic vibration drilling device of the present invention has a variety of working modes, that is: the ultrasonic excitation signal can be provided to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 alone, and the longitudinal vibration of the drill bit can be realized at this time; the same group of ultrasonic excitation signals can be provided at the same time. The first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 are given to realize the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration of the drill bit; The signal provides excitation, thereby realizing the longitudinal-torsional compound vibration of the drill bit.

Further, the first end of the Morse cone is a conical structure 31, the second end of the Morse cone is a round rod 33 with an external thread, and a column passes between the cone structure and the round rod The diameter of the round rod is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical section; the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 is sheathed on the round rod, and the triangular disk is sheathed on the cylindrical section. With this solution, the Morse cone is held in the tailstock by a conical structure. It can be understood that the larger diameter end of the conical structure is connected to one end of the cylindrical segment; the conical structure and the cylindrical segment are coaxial with the circular rod.

In order to effectively improve the connection strength between the triangular disk 41 and the cylindrical segment 32, a reinforcing rib 43 is provided between the triangular disk and the cylindrical segment. Preferably, the number of reinforcing ribs is three, and the three reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical section. It may be preferred that the triangular disk is an equilateral triangular disk-like structure.

Specifically, the triangular disk 41 and the Morse cone are integrated into a single structure, so that the connection strength between the triangular disk 41 and the Morse cone is high, and at the same time, it is also convenient to ensure that the triangular disk 41 and the Morse cone are identical. Axiality. It can be understood that the triangular disk 41 is perpendicular to the Morse cone, and the triangular disk is coaxial with the Morse cone.

Further, the drilling mechanism 21 further includes an elastic collet 23, a locking nut 24, and a connecting cylinder 25. One end of the connecting cylinder 25 is threadedly connected with the round rod 33, and the other end of the connecting cylinder 25 is threaded. The outer surface is threadedly matched with the locking nut; the drill bit is fixed in the elastic collet, and the elastic collet is fixed in the locking nut, so as to conveniently realize the detachable connection between the drill bit and the Morse cone , and also facilitates the replacement and maintenance of the drill bit. It can be understood that the connecting cylinder can effectively limit the position of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet sleeved on the round rod; the drill bit may preferably be a twist drill.

In order to facilitate the disassembly between the horn and the triangular disk 41 , the horn is connected with the peripheral side surface 42 of the triangular disk 41 by screws.

Specifically, the horn includes a first circular rod segment 51, a conical segment 52, and a second circular rod segment 53 that are connected in sequence, and the first circular rod segment 51 is threadedly connected to the peripheral side of the triangular disk; The first piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the second round rod segment. It can be understood that the first circular rod segment, the conical segment and the second circular rod segment are coaxially arranged, the end of the conical segment with the smaller diameter is connected to the first circular rod segment, and the conical segment 52 has the larger diameter. One end is connected with the second round rod segment.

Further, the torsional vibration mechanism also includes a circular cover plate 71 and a fastening bolt 72 arranged coaxially with the horn, and the end face of the second circular rod segment at one end away from the tapered segment. A threaded hole is provided, the circular cover plate 71 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole, and the fastening bolt 72 passes through the through hole to match with the threaded hole. By adopting this solution, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet sleeved on the second round rod segment can be better limited by the arrangement of the circular cover plate, effectively preventing the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet from passing from the second circular rod segment. fall off. It can be understood that the circular end cap is used to increase the force bearing area.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the three torsional vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged at the three corners of the triangular disk 41 , so that after the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 61 on the three horns receive the excitation signal of the ultrasonic wave , and the axes of the three horns do not intersect with the axes of the Morse cone, the lever effect will be more obvious at this time, and it is easier to realize the torsional vibration of the drill bit.

Specifically, the number of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 is at least two. The quantity of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 can be designed according to the required power. Both the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet are annular sheets.

The general use method of the ultrasonic vibration drilling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of starting and stopping;

The control mode of the described start-up step is as follows: firstly, the workpiece is clamped on the three-jaw chuck 12, and the drill bit is slightly contacted with the workpiece through the slide box 13, and then the workpiece is rotated to the set rotational speed, the power of the ultrasonic generator is turned on, and the The quantitative feeding of the drill bit is driven by the slide box 13, that is, the slide box drives the drill bit to gradually penetrate into the workpiece;

The control method of the shutdown step is as follows: first, the slide box 13 is used to drive the drill bit out of contact with the workpiece, and then the power supply of the turning system is turned off to stop the rotation of the workpiece, and then the power supply of the ultrasonic generator is turned off.

The invention can realize the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, torsional ultrasonic vibration and longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration of the drill bit, the turning system clamps the workpiece to perform rotational movement, the slide box 13 drives the drill bit on the tailstock to perform quantitative feeding, and can realize multi-functional vibration drill It can also reduce the drilling force and drilling heat, improve the chip breaking effect during the drilling process, and improve the hole machining accuracy and machining quality, especially for difficult-to-machine materials.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, after reading the content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can Various changes or modifications can be made to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. An ultrasonic vibration drilling device is characterized by comprising a turning system, a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, a drilling mechanism and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the turning system comprises a lathe bed, a tailstock arranged on the lathe bed, a three-jaw chuck and a carriage box, the three-jaw chuck and the carriage box are opposite to the tailstock, and the carriage box is arranged on the lathe bed and is connected with the tailstock through a connecting rod; the clamping mechanism comprises a Morse cone and a triangular disc sleeved on the Morse cone, and the three torsional vibration mechanisms are uniformly distributed on three peripheral side surfaces of the triangular disc; the torsional vibration mechanism comprises an amplitude transformer and a first piezoelectric ceramic piece sleeved on the amplitude transformer, the amplitude transformer is vertically connected with the peripheral side face of the triangular disc, and the axis of the amplitude transformer does not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone; the first end of the Morse cone is connected with the tailstock, and the outer surface of the second end of the Morse cone is sleeved with a second piezoelectric ceramic piece; the drilling mechanism is connected with the second end and is provided with a drill bit which is coaxial with the Morse cone and the three-jaw chuck.

2. The ultrasonically vibrating drilling device of claim 1, wherein the first end of the morse cone is a tapered structure, the second end of the morse cone is a round rod with external threads, the tapered structure and the round rod are connected by a cylindrical section, and the diameter of the round rod is smaller than that of the cylindrical section; the second piezoelectric ceramic plate is sleeved on the round rod, and the triangular disc is sleeved on the cylindrical section.

3. The ultrasonically-vibrating drilling device of claim 2, wherein a stiffener is disposed between the triangular disc and the cylindrical section.

4. The ultrasonically-vibrating drilling device of claim 2, wherein the triangular disc is a unitary structure with the morse taper.

5. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device of claim 2, wherein the drilling mechanism further comprises a resilient clamping cylinder, a lock nut, a connecting cylinder, one end of the connecting cylinder is in threaded connection with the round rod, and the outer surface of the other end of the connecting cylinder is in threaded fit with the lock nut; the drill bit is fixed in the elastic clamping barrel, and the elastic clamping barrel is fixed in the locking nut.

6. The ultrasonically-vibrating drilling device of claim 1, wherein the horn is threadably connected to a peripheral side of the triangular disc.

7. The ultrasonically-vibrating drilling device of claim 6, wherein the horn comprises a first round bar section, a conical section and a second round bar section which are connected in sequence, and the first round bar section is in threaded connection with the peripheral side surface of the triangular disc; the first piezoelectric ceramic plate is sleeved on the second round rod section.

8. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device as recited in claim 7, further comprising a circular cover plate and a fastening bolt coaxially disposed with said horn, wherein a threaded hole is disposed on an end surface of one end of said second round bar segment away from said tapered segment, a through hole corresponding to said threaded hole is disposed on said circular cover plate, and said fastening bolt is passed through said through hole and engaged with said threaded hole.

9. The ultrasonically-vibrating drilling device of claim 1, wherein three of the torsional vibration mechanisms are disposed at three corners of the triangular disc, respectively.

10. The ultrasonic vibratory drilling apparatus of any one of claims 1-9 wherein the number of the first piezoceramic wafers and the second piezoceramic wafers is at least two.

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