CN110739549B

CN110739549B - Array lens, lens antenna, and electronic apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN110739549B
Application number: CN201911038922.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨帆
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-29
Filing date: 2019-10-29
Publication date: 2021-05-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-29
Also published as: CN110739549A

Abstract

The application relates to an array lens, a lens antenna and an electronic device, wherein the array lens comprises a medium layer; the two layers of array structures are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dielectric layer; the array structure comprises a conductive body, a plurality of hollow grooves which are arranged in a two-dimensional array are formed in the conductive body, a conductive sheet and an open ring sheet which is arranged around the conductive sheet are arranged in each hollow groove, the conductive body, the conductive sheet and the open ring sheet are arranged in a separated mode, wherein the two hollow grooves which are positioned at the same relative position in the two-layer array structure are coaxially arranged, the opening directions of the open ring sheets in the two hollow grooves are opposite, the conductive sheets in the plurality of hollow grooves in the same array structure have gradually-changed conductive sheet sizes in the array direction, feed sources can be compensated for phase distribution of different frequency bands, electromagnetic waves radiated far away from a focus can be well converged, the amplitude of gain of a partial focal beam is greatly reduced, and the scanning angle of the lens antenna is greatly improved.

Description

Array lens, lens antenna, and electronic apparatus

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an array lens, a lens antenna, and an electronic device.

Background

A lens antenna, an antenna capable of converting a spherical wave or a cylindrical wave of a point source or a line source into a plane wave by an electromagnetic wave to obtain a pencil-shaped, fan-shaped, or other shaped beam. By properly designing the surface shape and the refractive index of the lens, the phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave is adjusted to obtain the plane wave front on the radiation aperture. The electromagnetic wave radiated by the common lens antenna at the feed source far away from the focus of the lens cannot be well converged, so that the scanning angle of the lens antenna is limited, and the lens antenna is not beneficial to covering a large range.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an array lens, a lens antenna and electronic equipment, which can greatly reduce amplitude reduction of a deflection focal beam gain, improve a scanning angle of the lens antenna and have a large coverage area.

An array lens, comprising:

a dielectric layer;

the two layers of array structures are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dielectric layer; wherein the array structure comprises a conductive body, a plurality of hollow grooves arranged in a two-dimensional array are arranged on the conductive body, a conductive sheet and a split ring piece arranged around the conductive sheet are arranged in each hollow groove, the conductive body, the conductive sheet and the split ring piece are separated from each other,

two hollowed-out grooves which are positioned at the same relative position in the two-layer array structure are coaxially arranged, the opening directions of the opening ring pieces in the two hollowed-out grooves are opposite, and the conducting pieces in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves in the same array structure have gradually changed conducting piece sizes in the array direction.

In addition, a lens antenna is also provided, which comprises a feed source array, wherein the feed source array comprises at least two feed source units;

the array lens is arranged in parallel with the feed source array.

In addition, an electronic device is also provided, and the electronic device comprises the lens antenna.

The array lens, the lens antenna and the electronic equipment comprise dielectric layers;

the two layers of array structures are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dielectric layer; wherein, the array structure comprises a conductive body, a plurality of hollow grooves arranged in a two-dimensional array are arranged on the conductive body, a conductive sheet and a split ring sheet arranged around the conductive sheet are arranged in each hollow groove, the conductive body, the conductive sheet and the split ring sheet are separated from each other, wherein, two hollow grooves at the same relative position in the two-layer array structure are coaxially arranged, the split ring sheets in the two hollow grooves have opposite opening directions, the conductive sheets in the plurality of hollow grooves in the same array structure have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the array direction, and can compensate the phase distribution of different frequency bands, so that the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feed source far away from the focus can be better converged, the reduction amplitude of the gain of the partial focus wave beam is greatly reduced, the scanning angle of the lens antenna is greatly improved, compared with a common double-lens system, the lens has a low profile, and is more beneficial to integration in electronic equipment such as a mobile phone.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electronic device in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electronic device including a lens antenna in one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an array lens;

FIG. 4 is a partial structure diagram of a first array structure according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first array structure according to an embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first array structure according to an embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first array structure according to an embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first array structure according to an embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first array structure according to an embodiment;

FIG. 10a is a schematic diagram of a lens antenna according to an embodiment;

FIG. 10b is a schematic diagram of a lens antenna according to an embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment;

fig. 12 is a beam scanning pattern in an embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "attached" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

In one embodiment, the electronic Device may be a communication module including a Mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a wearable Device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), or other configurable array antenna Device.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present application, an electronic device 10 may include a housing assembly 110, a midplane 120, a display screen assembly 130, and a controller. The display screen assembly 130 is fixed to the housing assembly 110, and forms an external structure of the electronic device together with the housing assembly 110. The housing assembly 110 may include a middle frame 111 and a rear cover 113. The middle frame 111 may be a frame structure having a through hole. The middle frame 111 can be accommodated in an accommodating space formed by the display screen assembly and the rear cover 113. The rear cover 113 is used to form an outer contour of the electronic apparatus. The rear cover 113 may be integrally formed. In the molding process of the rear cover 113, structures such as a rear camera hole, a fingerprint recognition module, an antenna device mounting hole, etc. may be formed on the rear cover 113. The rear cover 113 may be a non-metal rear cover 113, for example, the rear cover 113 may be a plastic rear cover 113, a ceramic rear cover 113, a 3D glass rear cover 113, or the like. A lens antenna for transmitting and receiving millimeter wave signals is also provided in the housing assembly 110. The middle plate 120 is fixed inside the housing assembly, and the middle plate 120 may be a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) or an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit). The display screen component can be used for displaying pictures or fonts and can provide an operation interface for a user.

As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, the electronic device 10 includes at least two lens antennas T, and the at least two lens antennas T are distributed on different sides of the frame of the electronic device. The middle frame comprises a first side edge 101 and a third side edge 103 which are arranged in a back-to-back manner, and a second side edge 102 and a fourth side edge 104 which are arranged in a back-to-back manner, wherein the second side edge 102 is connected with one ends of the first side edge 101 and the third side edge 103, and the fourth side edge 104 is connected with the other ends of the first side edge 101 and the third side edge 103. At least two of the first side edge, the second side edge, the third side edge and the fourth side edge are respectively provided with a millimeter wave module.

In one embodiment, the two lens antennas are respectively arranged on two long sides of the mobile phone, so that the space on two sides of the mobile phone can be covered, and millimeter wave high-efficiency, high-gain and low-cost beam scanning of the 5G mobile phone is realized. Millimeter waves refer to electromagnetic waves having a wavelength on the order of millimeters, and having a frequency of about 20GHz to about 300 GHz. The 3GP has specified a list of frequency bands supported by 5G NR, the 5G NR spectral range can reach 100GHz, and two frequency ranges are specified: frequency range 1(FR1), i.e. the sub-6 GHz band, and Frequency range 2(FR2), i.e. the millimeter wave band. Frequency range of Frequency range 1: 450MHz-6.0GHz, with a maximum channel bandwidth of 100 MHz. The Frequency range of the Frequency range 2 is 24.25GHz-52.6GHz, and the maximum channel bandwidth is 400 MHz. The near 11GHz spectrum for 5G mobile broadband comprises: 3.85GHz licensed spectrum, for example: 28GHz (24.25-29.5GHz), 37GHz (37.0-38.6GHz), 39GHz (38.6-40GHz) and 14GHz unlicensed spectrum (57-71 GHz). The working frequency bands of the 5G communication system comprise three frequency bands of 28GHz, 39GHz and 60 GHz.

In one embodiment, when the number of lens antennas is 4, the 4 lens antennas are respectively located on the first side 101, the second side 102, the third side 103 and the fourth side 104. When a user holds the electronic device 10 by hand, the lens antennas are shielded to cause poor signals, at least two lens antennas are arranged on different sides, and when the user holds the electronic device 10 transversely or vertically, the lens antennas which are not shielded exist, so that the electronic device 10 can normally transmit and receive signals.

As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application provides an array lens. In one embodiment, the array lens includes two layers of array structures 210 and a dielectric layer 220 located between the two layers of array structures 210, it can also be understood that the two layers of array structures 210 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the dielectric layer 220, and the two layers of array structures 210 can be denoted as a first array structure P1 and a second array structure P2.

Each layer of array structure 210 includes a conductive body 211, and a plurality of hollow-out grooves 212 arranged in an array are formed in the conductive body 211. Each hollow-out groove 212 is internally provided with a conductive sheet 213 and a split ring piece 214 arranged around the conductive sheet 213, and the conductive body 211, the conductive sheet 213 and the split ring piece 214 are arranged separately from each other. Specifically, the hollow-out groove 212 penetrates the array structure 210, that is, the hollow-out groove 212 can be understood as a through hole disposed in the conductive body 211, wherein the conductive sheet 213 and the open ring 214 are both attached to the dielectric layer 220.

In one embodiment, the centers of the hollowed-out groove 212, the conductive sheet 213 and the open ring sheet 214 are all coincidently arranged. The center of the hollow-out groove 212 can be understood as the centroid of the hollow-out groove 212, the center of the conductive plate 213 can be understood as the centroid of the geometric shape of the open ring plate 214, and the center of the open ring plate 214 can be understood as the centroid of the open ring plate 214.

In one embodiment, the hollow-out groove 212 may be a circular hollow-out groove, or may be any polygonal hollow-out groove, such as a square hollow-out groove.

In one embodiment, the conductive sheet 213 may be a rectangular conductive sheet (including a square) or an oval conductive sheet (including a circle).

In one embodiment, the open ring 214 may be a circular open ring, or may be a polygonal open ring, such as a hexagonal, octagonal, dodecagonal, or other polygonal ring

In the embodiment of the present application, specific shapes of the hollowed-out groove 212, the conductive sheet 213, and the open ring sheet 214 are not further limited, and may be any combination of the above shapes.

In one embodiment, the materials of the conductive body 211, the conductive sheet 213, and the open ring sheet 214 may be the same or different. The conductive body 211, the conductive sheet 213, and the open ring 214 may be made of a conductive material, such as a metal material, an alloy material, a conductive silicone material, a graphite material, or a material with a high dielectric constant, such as glass, plastic, or ceramic with a high dielectric constant.

The dielectric layer 220 is a non-metal functional layer capable of supporting and fixing the array structure 210, and the dielectric layer 220 and the array structure 210 are alternately stacked, so that the two layers of array structures 210 can be distributed at intervals, and simultaneously, the dielectric layer 220 and the array structure 210 can jointly form a phase delay unit.

In one embodiment, the dielectric layer 220 is made of an electrically insulating material, which does not interfere with the electric field of the electromagnetic wave. For example, the material of the dielectric layer 220 may be a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) material, an ARM composite material, which is generally a composite of silica gel, PET, and other specially processed materials. Optionally, each dielectric layer 220 is the same, e.g., thickness, material, etc.

In one embodiment, the plurality of hollow-out grooves 212 of the same layer of array structure 210 may be arranged in a two-dimensional array. The array direction of the two-dimensional array may include a row direction and a column direction. If the plane of the array structure 210 is a plane formed by X-axis and Y-axis, the X-axis direction is a row direction and the Y-axis direction is a column direction. Correspondingly, the plurality of conductive sheets 213 of the same layer of array structure 210 are also arranged in a two-dimensional array, the plurality of open ring sheets 214 of the same layer of array structure 210 are also arranged in a two-dimensional array, and the opening directions of the plurality of open ring sheets 214 of the same layer of array structure 210 are the same. The hollow grooves 212, the conductive sheets 213, and the open ring sheets 214 in the first array structure P1 and the second array structure P2 may be represented by coordinates P (x, y), and specifically, the coordinates P (x, y) are used to represent the central positions of the hollow grooves 212, the conductive sheets 213, and the open ring sheets 214.

The two hollowed-out grooves 212 in the two-layer array structure 210 located at the same relative position are coaxially arranged, that is, the two open ring pieces 214 in the first array structure P1 and the second array structure P2 located at the same relative position are all located on the same axis. The axis is a straight line through any of the split ring segments 214. It should be noted that two hollow-out grooves 212 in the same relative position can be understood as two hollow-out grooves 212 having the same coordinate P (x, y).

In the two-layer array structure 210, the opening directions of the open ring pieces 214 in the same layer of array structure 210 are the same, and the opening directions of the open ring pieces 214 in the two coaxially arranged hollow-out grooves 212 are opposite. That is, the open rings of the first and second array structures are in opposite directions (anti-symmetric). Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the opening of each split ring piece 214 includes two end points, which are respectively recorded as A, B, and the center of each split ring piece 214 is recorded as O, the opening angle can be understood as the angle of ≦ AOB, and the opening direction can be understood as the direction of ≦ AOB, and can also be understood as the extending direction of the bisector of ≦ AOB.

The conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow-out slots 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the array direction. Wherein the conductive plate size includes the size of the conductive plate 213 in the array direction. For example, the dimension of the conductive sheets 213 in the row direction may be understood as a width dimension w, and the dimension of the conductive sheets 213 in the column direction may be understood as a length dimension l. In the embodiment of the present application, the conductive sheet size at least includes the length dimension l. In the embodiment of the present application, the opening direction of the open ring plate 214 is perpendicular to the direction of the length dimension l of the conductive plate 213, and is parallel to the direction of the width dimension w of the conductive plate 213.

In the above array lens, two hollow grooves 212 located at the same relative position in the two-layer array structure 210 are coaxially arranged, the opening directions of the open ring pieces 214 in the two hollow grooves 212 are opposite, the conductive pieces 213 in the plurality of hollow grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradually changed conductive piece sizes in the array direction, when electromagnetic waves are incident to the array lens, the array lens can compensate phase distribution of different frequency bands, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed source far away from the focus can be better converged, the focal plane of the array lens can be kept unchanged in a wider frequency range, the reduction amplitude of the gain of the partial focal beam is greatly reduced, and the scanning angle of the lens antenna is greatly improved.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, at least two of the hollow-out grooves 212 in each layer of the array structure 210 are in a two-dimensional array, for example, the two-dimensional array may be in a two-dimensional array of N × M (5 × 5), that is, the hollow-out grooves 212 include N rows and M columns (5 rows and 5 columns). Wherein, a conducting plate 213 and a split ring plate 214 are arranged in each hollow-out groove 212. That is, at least two conductive sheets 213 in each layer of the array structure 210 are also in a two-dimensional array. The array direction of the two-dimensional array comprises a row direction and a column direction.

In the present embodiment, the hollow groove 212 is a circular hollow groove, the conductive sheet 213 is a rectangular conductive sheet, and the open ring piece 214 is a circular open ring piece.

The conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow-out slots 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the row direction.

Specifically, the size of the conductive strips 213 in the plurality of through-holes 212 in the same array structure 210 in the row direction decreases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the array edge, and the size of the conductive strips in the column direction does not change. It is understood that the conductive sheet sizes of at least two conductive sheets 213 in each row in the same array structure 210 symmetrically decrease from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array toward the array edge, and the conductive sheet sizes of at least two conductive sheets 213 in each column do not change. Wherein, the conductive sheet size is length size l. For example, the length l of the first to fifth columns of the same row is l₁、l₂、l₃、l₄、l₅Wherein l₁＝l₅<l₂＝l₄<l₃。

In the two-dimensional array, the direction of the first center line s1 is the same as the column direction, and the direction of the second center line s2 is the same as the row direction. The plurality of hollow-out grooves 212 in each layer of array structure 210 are symmetrically disposed about the first center line s1 and are symmetrically disposed about the second center line s 2. The symmetry reduction can be understood as the reduction of the symmetry in an arithmetic progression, an geometric progression or a random number, and in the embodiment of the present application, the specific form of the reduction is not further limited.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the conductive sheet dimensions include a length dimension l and a width dimension w. For example, the length dimensions l of the first to fifth columns of the third row are l, respectively₃₁、l₃₂、l₃₃、l₃₄、l₃₅Wherein l₃₁＝l₃₅<l₃₂＝l₃₄<l₃₃. The width dimensions w of the first column to the fifth column of the third row are w₃₁、w₃₂、w₃₃、w₃₄、w₃₅Wherein w₃₁＝w₃₅<w₃₂＝w₃₄<w₃₃。

In one embodiment, the hollow-out grooves 212 in the array structure 210 are all disposed independently of each other, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent hollow-out grooves 212 in the array direction is equal. Specifically, in the row direction, the first center distances p1 of two adjacent hollow grooves 212 are equal; in the column direction, the second center distances p2 of two adjacent hollow-out grooves 212 are equal. Wherein the first center distance p1 is equal to the second center distance p 2.

In the embodiment of the present application, the operating frequency band of the array lens may be adjusted by selecting an appropriate first center distance p1, an appropriate second center distance p2, an opening direction of the opening ring piece 214, and an appropriate size of the conducting strip, for example, by designing an appropriate size, the operating frequency band of the array lens may be maintained at a 5G millimeter wave frequency band, and the like.

When the array lens is applied to the array comprising the feed sourceThe two layers of array structures 210 and the dielectric layer 220 in the array lens together form a phase delay unit. In the same array structure 210, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow-out slots 212 have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the row direction, and the opening directions of the coaxially arranged open ring sheets 214 are opposite, which may generate a certain phase shift. Wherein, in the transverse direction (i.e. row direction), the phase shift amount realized by each column (i.e. column direction) satisfies phi (x) ═ pi x²And/λ f. Where x is the distance between the center of the open ring piece 214 and the first center line s1, λ is the design frequency point (i.e. the emission frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed array), and f is the distance between the array lens and the feed array (i.e. the focal length of the array lens). The phase shift distribution can realize translational symmetry of the phase shift amount of the array lens about the first central line s1, so that electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed source units which are far away from the focus can be better converged in the row direction (X-axis direction) of the array lens, the reduction of the gain of the off-focus beam is reduced, and the scanning angle of the lens antenna is improved. Meanwhile, the opening directions of the coaxially arranged opening ring pieces 214 are opposite, so that the bandwidth of the lens antenna can be improved.

As shown in fig. 7, in one embodiment, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow-out slots 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the row direction, and the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow-out slots 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the column direction.

Specifically, the conductive sheet size of the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of through-holes 212 in the same array structure 210 in the row direction decreases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the array edge, and the conductive sheet size in the column direction decreases symmetrically from the second center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge. It is understood that the conductive sheet sizes of at least two conductive sheets 213 in each row in the same array structure 210 symmetrically decrease from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array toward the array edge, and the conductive sheet sizes of at least two conductive sheets 213 in each column symmetrically decrease from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array toward the array edge. Wherein, the conductive sheet size is length size l. For example, the first column of the third rowThe length dimension l of the fifth row is l₃₁、l₃₂、l₃₃、l₃₄、l₃₅Wherein l₃₁＝l₃₅<l₃₂＝l₃₄<l₃₃(ii) a The length dimension l of the first row to the fifth row of the third column is l₁₃、l₂₃、l₃₃、l₄₃、l₅₃Wherein l₁₃＝l₅₃<l₂₃＝l₄₃<l₃₃。

Optionally, the conductive sheet dimensions may also include a width dimension w. For example, the width dimensions w of the first to fifth columns of the third row are w₃₁、w₃₂、w₃₃、w₃₄、w₃₅Wherein w₃₁＝w₃₅<w₃₂＝w₃₄<w₃₃(ii) a The length dimension l of the first row to the fifth row of the third column is w₁₃、w₂₃、w₃₃、w₄₃、w₅₃Wherein w₁₃＝w₅₃<w₂₃＝w₄₃<w₃₃。

When the array lens is applied to a lens antenna including a feed array, two layers of array structures 210 and a dielectric layer 220 in the array lens together constitute a phase delay unit. In the same array structure 210, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow-out slots 212 have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the row direction, and the opening directions of the coaxially arranged open ring sheets 214 are opposite, which may generate a certain phase shift. Wherein, in the transverse direction (i.e. row direction), the phase shift amount realized by each column (i.e. column direction) satisfies phi (x) ═ pi x²And/λ f. Where x is the distance between the center of the open ring piece 214 and the first center line s1, λ is the design frequency point (i.e. the emission frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed array), and f is the distance between the array lens and the feed array (i.e. the focal length of the array lens). In the longitudinal direction (i.e., column direction), the amount of phase shift realized per row (i.e., row direction) satisfies Φ (x) ═ π x²And/λ f. Wherein x is the distance between the center of the open ring piece 214 and the second center line s2, λ is the design frequency point (i.e. the emission frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source array), and f is the distance between the array lens and the feed source arrayOff (i.e. focal length of array lens)

The phase shift distribution can realize the translational symmetry of the phase shift amount of the array lens about the first central line s1 and the second central line s2, so that electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed source units which are far away from the focus can be well converged in the row direction (X-axis direction) and the column direction (Y-axis direction) of the array lens, the reduction amplitude of the gain of the deflected focal beam is reduced, and the scanning angle of the lens antenna is improved. Meanwhile, the opening directions of the coaxially arranged opening ring pieces 214 are opposite, so that the bandwidth of the lens antenna can be improved.

As shown in fig. 8, in one embodiment, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow-out slots 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the array direction, the open ring sheets 214 in the plurality of hollow-out slots 212 in the same array structure 210 all have gradually changed opening angles in the array direction, and the opening directions of the open ring sheets 214 are the same.

It should be noted that, during the gradual change of the opening angle, the two end points A, B at the opening of the opening ring piece 214 move in opposite directions along the arc of the opening ring piece 214 at the same time (as shown by the arrow in fig. 3), and the moving amount is the same.

Specifically, the opening angle of each row of the open ring pieces 214 increases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array, and the opening angles of at least two open ring pieces 214 in the same column are the same. For example, the open ring pieces 214 in the array structure 210 are in a two-dimensional array of 5 × 5 (five rows and five columns), wherein the open angle of each open ring piece 214 in the first column to the fifth column of the third row is θ₃₁、θ₃₂、θ₃₃、θ₃₄、θ₃₅Wherein theta₃₁＝θ₃₅>θ₃₂＝θ₃₄>θ₃₃。

Optionally, the opening angle of each row of open ring segments 214 increases symmetrically from the first centerline s1 of the two-dimensional array to the array edge, and the opening angle of each column of open ring segments 214 increases symmetrically from the second centerline of the two-dimensional array to the array edge. For example, the open ring 214 in the array structure 210 is in a two-dimensional array of 5 x 5 (five rows and five columns)Columns, wherein the opening angle of each opening ring piece 214 in the first column to the fifth column of the third row is θ₃₁、θ₃₂、θ₃₃、θ₃₄、θ₃₅Wherein theta₃₁＝θ₃₅>θ₃₂＝θ₃₄>θ₃₃. The opening angle of each opening ring plate 214 in the first to fifth rows of the third row is θ₁₃、θ₂₃、θ₃₃、θ₄₃、θ₅₃Wherein theta₁₃＝θ₅₃>θ₂₃＝θ₄₃>θ₃₃。

In one embodiment, the opening angle of each opening ring plate 214 in the same array structure 210 is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

It should be noted that the difference (δ 1, δ 2, δ 3) between the opening angles of two adjacent openings may be equal (e.g. 15 °, 30 °, etc.), may be an arithmetic difference number sequence, an geometric ratio number sequence, or a random number, and in the embodiment of the present application, the present application is not limited further.

In other embodiments, each embodiment with a gradually changing opening angle and each embodiment with a gradually changing conductive sheet size may be arbitrarily combined, and details are not repeated herein.

As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 9, in one embodiment, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow-out grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the array direction, and the open ring sheets 214 in the plurality of hollow-out grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradually changed ring width sizes in the array direction. The loop width dimension may be understood as the loop width r of the open loop sheet 214.

For example, the loop width dimension r of the open loop piece 214 in the plurality of open slots 212 in the same array structure 210 decreases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the array edge in the row direction, or the loop width dimension r of the open loop piece 214 in the plurality of open slots 212 in the same array structure 210 decreases symmetrically from the second center line s2 of the two-dimensional array to the array edge in the column direction.

In the array lens of the embodiment, the conductive plate 213 in the plurality of hollow-out grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 has a gradually-changed conductive plate size in the array direction, and the open ring plate 214 has a gradually-changed ring width size in the array direction, so that when the array lens is applied to a lens antenna, phase distribution of different frequency bands can be further compensated, and the bandwidth of the lens antenna and the scanning angle of the lens antenna can be further improved.

The embodiment of the application also provides a lens antenna. As shown in fig. 10a, the lens antenna includes: the array lens 20 in any of the above embodiments, and the feed source array 30 arranged in parallel with the array lens 20.

In one embodiment, the feed array 30 includes at least two feed units 310, when different feed units 310 in the feed array 30 are fed, electromagnetic waves are incident to the lens array lens 20, and the lens antenna radiates high-gain beams with different directions, that is, different beam directions can be obtained, so as to implement beam scanning.

Further, the feed array 30 may have a centrosymmetric structure, and the center of the feed array 30 may be placed at the focal point of the lens array lens 20.

As shown in fig. 10b, in one embodiment, the lens antenna further includes a first isolation plate 410 and a second isolation plate 420 arranged in parallel, and the feed array 30 and the array lens 20 are arranged between the first isolation plate 410 and the second isolation plate 420, so as to reduce leakage of the feed array 30 radiating the electromagnetic waves.

In one embodiment, the first isolation plate 410 and the second isolation plate 420 may be both flat metal plates.

In the present embodiment, by disposing the array lens 20 and the feed array 30 between the first isolation plate 410 and the second isolation plate 420, leakage of electromagnetic waves radiated from the feed source can be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the antenna and improving the structural strength of the antenna.

The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment which comprises the lens antenna in any embodiment. The electronic device with the lens antenna of any embodiment can be suitable for receiving and transmitting 5G communication millimeter wave signals, and meanwhile, the lens antenna is short in focal length, small in size, easy to integrate into the electronic device and capable of reducing the occupied space of the lens antenna in the electronic device.

The electronic Device may be a communication module including a Mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a wearable Device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), or other settable antenna.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the electronic device further comprises a detection module 1110, a switch module 1120, and a control module 1130. The control module 1130 is connected to the detection module 1110 and the switch module 1120, respectively.

In one embodiment, the detection module 1110 can obtain the beam signal strength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the lens antenna when each of the feed units 310 is in the working state. The detecting module 1110 may be further configured to detect and obtain parameters such as power of electromagnetic waves received by the lens antenna when each of the feed unit 310 is in an operating state, an electromagnetic wave Absorption ratio (SAR), or a Specific Absorption Rate (SAR).

In one embodiment, the switch module 1120 is connected to the feed array 30, and is configured to selectively conduct a connection path with any one of the feed units 310. In one embodiment, the switch module 1120 may include an input terminal connected to the control module 1130 and at least two output terminals connected to the at least two feed units 310 in a one-to-one correspondence. The switch module 1120 may be configured to receive a switching instruction sent by the control module 1130, so as to control on/off of each switch in the switch module 1120, and control on/off connection between the switch module 1120 and any one of the antenna feed source units 310, so that any one of the antenna feed source units 310 is in a working (on) state.

In one embodiment, the control module 1130 may control the switch module 1120 according to a preset policy to enable each feeding unit to be in a working state respectively, so as to perform transceiving of electromagnetic waves, that is, obtain different beam directions, thereby implementing beam scanning. When any feed unit 310 is in an operating state, the detection module 1110 may correspondingly obtain the beam signal strength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the current lens antenna. Referring to fig. 12, a beam scanning pattern is obtained by simulation taking 7-element feed array 30 as an example. For example, when five feed source units 310 are included in the feed source array 30, the detection module 1110 may correspondingly obtain five beam signal strengths, and select the strongest beam signal strength from the five beam signal strengths, and use the feed source unit 310 corresponding to the strongest beam signal strength as the target feed source unit 310. The switching command from control module 1130 controls the conductive connection between switch module 1120 and target feed unit 310, so that target feed unit 310 is in working (conductive) state.

The electronic device in this embodiment can obtain different beam directions by switching the switches to make each feed unit 310 of the feed array 30 individually in a working state, thereby realizing beam scanning without a shifter and an attenuator, and greatly reducing the cost.

Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Suitable non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An array lens, comprising:

a dielectric layer;

the two layers of array structures are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dielectric layer; the array structure comprises a conductive body, wherein a plurality of hollow grooves arranged in a two-dimensional array are formed in the conductive body, the hollow grooves penetrate through the conductive body, a conductive sheet and an open ring sheet arranged around the conductive sheet are arranged in each hollow groove, the conductive body, the conductive sheet and the open ring sheet are arranged in a separated mode, and the conductive sheet and the open ring sheet are all attached to the dielectric layer; wherein,

2. The array lens of claim 1, wherein the array direction of the two-dimensional array comprises a row direction and a column direction, and the conductive sheets in the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the same array structure have gradually changed conductive sheet sizes in the row direction.

3. The array lens of claim 2, wherein the size of the conducting strips in the row direction of the conducting strips in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves in the same array structure symmetrically decreases from the first center line of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array, and the size of the conducting strips in the column direction is constant.

4. The array lens of claim 2, wherein the conductive strips in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves in the same array structure have a gradually changing conductive strip size in the column direction.

5. The array lens of claim 4, wherein the conductive sheet size in the row direction of the conductive sheets in the plurality of open-out slots in the same array structure decreases symmetrically from the first center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge, and the conductive sheet size in the column direction decreases symmetrically from the second center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge.

6. The array lens of claim 2, wherein the conductive sheet dimension comprises at least a length dimension of the conductive sheet in the column direction.

7. The array lens of any of claims 1-6, wherein the open ring segments in the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the same array structure have gradually changing opening angles in the array direction.

8. The array lens of claim 7, wherein the array direction comprises a row direction and a column direction, and the opening angle of the open loop pieces in the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the same array structure in the row direction increases symmetrically from the first center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge and the opening angle in the column direction does not change, or the opening angle of the open loop pieces in the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the same array structure in the row direction increases symmetrically from the first center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge and the opening angle in the column direction increases symmetrically from the second center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge.

9. The array lens of claim 1, wherein the open ring segments in the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the same array structure have gradually changing ring width dimensions in the array direction.

10. The array lens according to claim 1, wherein the distance between centers of two adjacent hollow grooves in the array direction is equal.

11. A lens antenna, comprising:

a feed array comprising at least two feed units;

an array lens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 arranged in parallel with said array of feeds.

12. The lens antenna of claim 11, further comprising first and second parallel-arranged spacers, the feed array and the lens being disposed between the first and second spacers.

13. An electronic device comprising the lens antenna according to any one of claims 11 to 12.

14. The electronic device of claim 13, further comprising:

the detection module is used for acquiring the beam signal intensity of the lens antenna when each feed source unit is in a working state;

the switch module is connected with the feed source array and used for selectively conducting a connecting path with any one feed source unit;

and the control module is respectively connected with the detection module and the switch module and is used for controlling the switch module according to the beam signal intensity so as to enable the feed source unit corresponding to the strongest beam signal intensity to be in a working state.

15. The electronic device of claim 13, wherein the number of lens antennas is plural.