CN110698874A - Degradable material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Degradable material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110698874A CN110698874A CN201911161940.8A CN201911161940A CN110698874A CN 110698874 A CN110698874 A CN 110698874A CN 201911161940 A CN201911161940 A CN 201911161940A CN 110698874 A CN110698874 A CN 110698874A
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- degradable material
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- potato
- konjak
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L99/00—Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08L89/00 - C08L97/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the degradable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of potato, 45-48 parts of konjak and 2-10 parts of wheat flour. The degradable material has wide raw material sources, low cost, easy degradation, no secondary pollution and no harm to human bodies; the preparation method of the degradable material provided by the invention is to carry out hot water treatment on peeled potatoes and konjac, crush the potatoes and konjac into paste, and mix the paste with wheat flour for pressing, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement and can be produced and applied in a large scale.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly materials, and particularly relates to a degradable material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, people consume fast food more and more, and the rapid development of the fast food industry leads the demand of disposable fast food tableware to grow rapidly. At present, disposable tableware is generally made of nondegradable organic materials (such as foamed polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol and the like), and is not only harmful to bodies but also causes environmental pollution after long-term use.
At present, the method for treating disposable tableware in China generally adopts landfill, incineration and the like, but the disposable tableware containing fluorine, chlorine and other substances can generate substances damaging the atmospheric ozone layer after incineration; the landfill treatment wastes a large amount of land, is difficult to naturally degrade, is easy to pollute water and soil and hinders the development of agriculture.
The existing degradable tableware such as paper tableware can not be popularized and used in large scale due to wood consumption and high manufacturing cost. Therefore, it is a necessary trend in social development to find tableware that is excellent in quality, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a degradable material and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme:
the degradable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of potato, 45-48 parts of konjak and 2-10 parts of wheat flour.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials: cleaning potato and konjak, and peeling;
step two, hot water treatment: boiling the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step one in hot water;
step three, crushing: crushing the cooked potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step two into paste;
step four, mixing: mixing the pasty potato, the konjak and the wheat flour obtained in the step three according to the weight parts, and uniformly stirring;
step five, forming: and C, injecting the mixture obtained in the step four into a mould for compression molding, and drying to obtain a finished product.
Further, the second step is specifically that the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the first step are boiled in hot water of 80-95 ℃ for 20-30 min;
further, in the fifth step, the drying condition is that the temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the drying is carried out for 3-8 hours until the moisture content is less than 0.1%.
Further, the thickness of the obtained degradable material is 1-3 mm.
The invention also provides application of the degradable material in preparation of tableware.
The tableware comprises a box body, a box cover, chopsticks, a small spoon, a fork and a tray.
The invention adopts pure plant raw materials, and because the plant raw materials contain natural degradable high polymer materials, the waste plant raw materials can generate biochemical reaction under the action of microbial enzymes in natural environment to finally form carbon dioxide and water, thereby avoiding environmental pollution; meanwhile, the plant-based health-care food is a pure plant raw material, is safe and reliable, and cannot cause the accumulation of harmful toxins in human bodies after long-term use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. the invention adopts pure plant raw materials, the prepared material is easy to degrade, has no pollution to the environment after degradation, can become the nutrient component of the soil, has no secondary pollution, is safe and environment-friendly, and can effectively protect the environment; the selected materials are green and safe, are harmless to the body, and can not cause the accumulation of harmful toxins even after long-term use; 2. the raw materials used in the invention have wide sources, are economical and practical, belong to renewable resources, so that the prepared degradable material has low cost, can meet the market demand, is suitable for large-scale popularization and use, and simultaneously greatly improves the additional value of agricultural products; 3. the formula and the preparation method are simple and easy to produce and manufacture.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the examples.
Example 1
A degradable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50kg of potatoes, 48kg of konjak and 2kg of wheat flour.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials: cleaning potato and konjak, and peeling;
step two, hot water treatment: boiling the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step one in hot water;
step three, crushing: crushing the cooked potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step two into paste;
step four, mixing: mixing the pasty potato, the konjak and the wheat flour obtained in the step three according to the weight parts, and uniformly stirring;
step five, forming: and C, injecting the mixture obtained in the step four into a mould for compression molding, and drying to obtain a finished product.
Wherein the second step is specifically to boil the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the first step in hot water of 80 ℃ for 30 min;
and in the fifth step, the drying condition is that the temperature is 40 ℃, and the drying is carried out for about 8 hours until the moisture content is less than 0.1%.
Wherein the thickness of the obtained degradable material is 1 mm.
The obtained degradable material can be applied to tableware such as box bodies, box covers, spoons, forks and the like.
Example 2
A degradable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 47.5kg of potatoes, 46.5kg of konjak and 6kg of wheat flour.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials: cleaning potato and konjak, and peeling;
step two, hot water treatment: boiling the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step one in hot water;
step three, crushing: crushing the cooked potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step two into paste;
step four, mixing: mixing the pasty potato, the konjak and the wheat flour obtained in the step three according to the weight parts, and uniformly stirring;
step five, forming: and C, injecting the mixture obtained in the step four into a mould for compression molding, and drying to obtain a finished product.
Wherein the second step is specifically to boil the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the first step in hot water of 87 ℃ for 25 min;
in the fifth step, the drying condition is that the temperature is 50 ℃ and the drying is carried out for 6 hours until the moisture content is less than 0.1 percent.
Wherein the thickness of the obtained degradable material is 2 mm.
The obtained degradable material can be applied to tableware such as box bodies, box covers, spoons, forks, trays and the like.
Example 3
A degradable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45kg of potatoes, 45kg of konjak and 10kg of wheat flour.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials: cleaning potato and konjak, and peeling;
step two, hot water treatment: boiling the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step one in hot water;
step three, crushing: crushing the cooked potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step two into paste;
step four, mixing: mixing the pasty potato, the konjak and the wheat flour obtained in the step three according to the weight parts, and uniformly stirring;
step five, forming: and C, injecting the mixture obtained in the step four into a mould for compression molding, and drying to obtain a finished product.
Wherein the second step is specifically to boil the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the first step in hot water of 95 ℃ for 20 min;
in the fifth step, the drying condition is that the temperature is 60 ℃, and the drying is carried out for 3 hours until the moisture content is less than 0.1%.
Wherein the thickness of the obtained degradable material is 3 mm.
The obtained degradable material can be applied to tableware such as box bodies, box covers, chopsticks, spoons, forks, trays and the like.
Comparative example 1
The disposable plastic tableware is produced by adding photosensitizer into polypropylene particles and heating for injection molding.
Comparative example 2
Disposable paper tableware made by a certain company is made up of wood pulp board through breaking, adding oil-proof and water-proofing agent, moulding and hot-pressing.
The compostability tests were carried out according to GB/T18006.2 using the degradable materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the degradable material prepared by the invention has good degradation performance.
Compared with tableware prepared by the degradable material of the invention and the plastic tableware and paper tableware, the tableware prepared by the degradable material of the invention has the advantages and the disadvantages as shown in the following table 2:
as can be seen from the above Table 2, the tableware made by the present invention has the most advantages, the raw materials are renewable and cheap, the tableware after use can be used as feed and fertilizer, and the biodegradability thereof ensures that no secondary pollution is caused.
Claims (7)
1. The degradable material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of potato, 45-48 parts of konjak and 2-10 parts of wheat flour.
2. The degradable material of claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials: cleaning potato and konjak, and peeling;
step two, hot water treatment: boiling the peeled potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step one in hot water;
step three, crushing: crushing the cooked potatoes and the konjac obtained in the step two into paste;
step four, mixing: mixing the pasty potato, the konjak and the wheat flour obtained in the step three according to the weight parts, and uniformly stirring;
step five, forming: and C, injecting the mixture obtained in the step four into a mould for compression molding, and drying to obtain a finished product.
3. The method for preparing a degradable material according to claim 2, wherein the second step is carried out by boiling the peeled potato and konjac obtained in the first step in hot water at 80-95 ℃ for 20-30 min.
4. The method for preparing the degradable material according to claim 2, wherein in the fifth step, the drying condition is that the temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the drying is carried out for 3-8h until the moisture content is less than 0.1%.
5. The method for preparing a degradable material according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the obtained degradable material is 1-3 mm.
6. Use of a degradable material according to claim 1 for the preparation of cutlery.
7. The use of the degradable material of claim 6 for preparing tableware, wherein said tableware comprises a box body, a box cover, chopsticks, a spoon, a fork and a tray.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911161940.8A CN110698874A (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Degradable material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911161940.8A CN110698874A (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Degradable material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN110698874A true CN110698874A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
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| CN201911161940.8A Pending CN110698874A (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2019-11-25 | Degradable material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111347521A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-06-30 | 袁兴飞 | Processing technology of food-grade 24-hour degradable snack box |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4403975A1 (en) * | 1994-02-08 | 1995-08-10 | Nadja Kuske | Prodn. of biodegradable articles |
| CN1253145A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-17 | 孙国榆 | Process for making fully-biodegradable containers of food or beverage with potato |
| CN1321701A (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2001-11-14 | 董忠蓉 | Disposable article made from konjaku as main raw material |
| WO2005010099A1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-02-03 | Han Jung C.I.T. Co., Ltd. | Naturally decomposing disposable tableware and manufacturing thereof |
| EP2206741A1 (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2010-07-14 | Nuclear Engineering, Ltd. | Biodegradable composition, processed biodegradable article such as food container and method of producing the same |
| CN106073404A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-11-09 | 靳岐亮 | A kind of edible throwaway chopsticks and preparation method thereof |
| CN106432813A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 广西钱隆投资管理有限公司 | Disposable environment-friendly tableware and preparation method thereof |
| CN110183870A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-30 | 河源博维塑胶制品有限公司 | A kind of plastics degradation material about environmental protection |
-
2019
- 2019-11-25 CN CN201911161940.8A patent/CN110698874A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4403975A1 (en) * | 1994-02-08 | 1995-08-10 | Nadja Kuske | Prodn. of biodegradable articles |
| CN1253145A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-17 | 孙国榆 | Process for making fully-biodegradable containers of food or beverage with potato |
| CN1321701A (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2001-11-14 | 董忠蓉 | Disposable article made from konjaku as main raw material |
| WO2005010099A1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-02-03 | Han Jung C.I.T. Co., Ltd. | Naturally decomposing disposable tableware and manufacturing thereof |
| EP2206741A1 (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2010-07-14 | Nuclear Engineering, Ltd. | Biodegradable composition, processed biodegradable article such as food container and method of producing the same |
| CN106073404A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-11-09 | 靳岐亮 | A kind of edible throwaway chopsticks and preparation method thereof |
| CN106432813A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 广西钱隆投资管理有限公司 | Disposable environment-friendly tableware and preparation method thereof |
| CN110183870A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-30 | 河源博维塑胶制品有限公司 | A kind of plastics degradation material about environmental protection |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111347521A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-06-30 | 袁兴飞 | Processing technology of food-grade 24-hour degradable snack box |
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Application publication date: 20200117 |
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