CN110676996A

CN110676996A - Double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulation axial permanent magnet motor

Info

Publication number: CN110676996A
Application number: CN201910920928.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张蔚; 张徐; 梁惺彦; 张双双; 翟良冠
Original assignee: Nantong University
Current assignee: Nantong University
Priority date: 2019-09-26
Filing date: 2019-09-26
Publication date: 2020-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-26
Also published as: CN110676996B

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulation type axial permanent magnet motor which comprises a first rotor, a first magnetic regulation ring, a first stator, an inner rotor, a second stator, a second magnetic regulation ring and a second rotor which are coaxially arranged. The first rotor and the second rotor both comprise rotor yokes and Halbach permanent magnet arrays arranged on the inner side faces of the rotor yokes along the circumference. The double magnetic circuits are respectively a magnetic field loop formed by the outer rotor, the magnetic adjusting ring, the stator and the inner rotor and a magnetic field loop formed by the outer rotor, the magnetic adjusting ring and the stator, and the magnetic adjusting performance is enhanced. The invention also adds a magnetic adjusting tooth, and the double magnetic circuits are adjusted through the magnetic adjusting tooth. Transfer the fixed bolster of magnetism tooth and include along the inside and outside double-deck setting of circumference, its structure is slim and graceful and more firm, and the addition of fixed bolster makes the heat of transferring on the magnetic ring can have bigger heat radiating area simultaneously, cools off more easily.

Description

Double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulation axial permanent magnet motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to an axial permanent magnet motor with a double magnetic circuit for magnetic field adjustment, and belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet motors.

Background

In recent years, electric vehicles have attracted much attention as a new industry, and because of being beneficial to solving the problems of limited petroleum resources, aggravation of air pollution and the like, electric vehicles also become an important strategic research industry in China. The three most important key technical links of the electric automobile are concentrated on: battery, motor and drive. Under the condition that the battery technology does not obtain fundamental breakthrough, the development of a high-efficiency and reliable motor becomes a main target of experts and scholars of various countries in the world. The axial permanent magnet motor has received wide attention due to its advantages of high torque/power density, excellent heat dissipation performance and compact structure, and has great advantages in the electric vehicle field with high space limitation requirement. In modern industry, there are many low-speed and high-torque application occasions, and these occasions generally need to be equipped with intermediate links such as a gear box and the like to realize the matching of the rotating speed and the torque between a motor and a load. The mechanical gears transmit torque by meshing of the teeth, and therefore inevitably cause frictional loss, mechanical wear, need for lubrication, vibration noise, etc., and are also liable to cause irreversible damage under irregular load or overload conditions, reducing the overall efficiency and reliability of the system. Therefore, a direct drive technology of directly driving a load by a motor without a gear box gradually becomes a future development trend.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the prior art, the double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulation axial permanent magnet motor suitable for directly driving the electric automobile is provided, and the magnetic gathering performance of the motor is enhanced.

The technical scheme is as follows: a double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulation type axial permanent magnet motor comprises a first rotor, a first magnetic-regulation ring, a first stator, an inner rotor, a second stator, a second magnetic-regulation ring and a second rotor which are coaxially arranged; the first stator and the second stator are respectively arranged at two sides of the inner rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor are arranged at the outermost side, the first magnetic adjusting ring is arranged between the first rotor and the first stator, and the second magnetic adjusting ring is arranged between the second rotor and the second stator;

the inner rotor is composed of a plurality of inner rotor permanent magnets arranged along the circumference, and the magnetizing directions of the rotor permanent magnets are axial alternate magnetizing; the first rotor and the second rotor respectively comprise a rotor yoke and Halbach permanent magnet arrays arranged on the inner side surface of the rotor yoke along the circumference; the first magnetic adjusting ring and the second magnetic adjusting ring respectively comprise a plurality of U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth which are arranged at intervals along the circumference, openings of the U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth face the inner rotor inwards, adjacent U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth are fixed through end portions connected with a fixing support, and the fixing support is arranged in a double-layer mode along the circumference.

Furthermore, the first stator and the second stator both comprise stator discs formed by E-shaped iron cores and stator permanent magnets which are alternately arranged along the circumference, the stator permanent magnets are alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction, armature windings are wound on the stator permanent magnets and adjacent stator teeth of the adjacent E-shaped iron cores, and excitation windings are wound on stator middle teeth of each stator permanent magnet.

Furthermore, a chamfer is formed at the joint of the outer side wall and the bottom of the E-shaped iron core.

Furthermore, auxiliary grooves are formed in the stator teeth and the middle teeth of the E-shaped iron core.

Furthermore, the first rotor and the second rotor are coaxially arranged in a staggered mode at a certain angle.

Furthermore, the Halbach permanent magnet array is a combined Halbach array with each pole having 2 sections, and is composed of radial magnetizing magnetic steel and tangential magnetizing magnetic steel, and the two kinds of magnetic steel have equal size and use amount.

Furthermore, the first magnetic adjusting ring and the second magnetic adjusting ring are coaxially arranged in a staggered mode at a certain angle.

Has the advantages that: according to the double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulating type axial permanent magnet motor, the magnetic regulating ring structure is added, so that contact type transmission is avoided, and friction and energy loss are reduced. The magnetic regulating teeth are coupled with the magnetic field of the rotor through the stator to realize final synchronous operation, and when overload occurs, the transmission relation between the magnetic regulating ring and the rotor can be cut off at any time, so that the risk of damaging the motor is reduced. The structure of the magnetic ring is simple, the inner layer and the outer layer of the fixed support are light and firm in structure, and meanwhile, the heat on the magnetic ring can be adjusted by adding the fixed support, so that the magnetic ring is large in heat dissipation area and easy to cool.

The invention adds the magnetic regulating teeth and regulates the double magnetic circuits through the magnetic regulating teeth. The double magnetic circuits are respectively a magnetic field loop formed by the outer rotor, the magnetic adjusting ring, the stator and the inner rotor and a magnetic field loop formed by the outer rotor, the magnetic adjusting ring and the stator, and the magnetic adjusting performance is enhanced. Compared with the traditional mechanical gear, the magnetic field modulation type magnetic gear changes the air gap magnetic conductance by using the magnetic modulation block, so that the inner permanent magnet and the outer permanent magnet both participate in the transmission of torque, and the transmission device has the advantages of high output torque density, low noise, no mechanical loss, high transmission efficiency and the like due to the fact that mechanical friction does not exist in the transmission process.

The rotor adopts Halbach magnetizing mode, has strengthened and has gathered magnetic capacity, can provide bigger torque and climbing ability simultaneously, reduces tooth's socket torque and torque ripple. The field winding wound around the middle teeth of the stator can adjust the magnetic field of the motor, thereby improving the torque output capability and the speed regulation range. The transmission structure of the double rotors is beneficial to directly driving the electric automobile, the two rotors directly drive the double wheels, the transmission mechanism is reduced, and the cost and the maintenance rate are reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulation type axial permanent magnet motor;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a stator structure of a double-magnetic-circuit magnetic-regulation type axial permanent magnet motor;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an E-shaped core;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a magnetic adjusting tooth and a fixed bracket of a double-magnetic-circuit magnetic adjusting type axial permanent magnet motor;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an inner rotor structure and a magnetizing method;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the armature winding and the field winding;

FIG. 7 is a phase winding link diagram;

FIG. 8 is a field winding linkage diagram;

FIG. 9 shows a hybrid excitation magnetic circuit of a dual magnetic circuit field modulation type axial permanent magnet motor;

the figure shows that: the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a first rotor 1, a first magnet adjusting ring 2, a first stator 3, an inner rotor 4, a second stator 5, a second magnet adjusting ring 6, a second rotor 7, a rotor yoke 8, a Halbach permanent magnet array 9, a fixed support 10, an E-shaped iron core 11, stator teeth 12, stator middle teeth 13, stator permanent magnets 14, an armature winding 15, an excitation winding 16, an inner rotor permanent magnet 17 and U-shaped magnet adjusting teeth 18; a1, a2, A3, and a4 are armature winding coils, and L1 to L12 are excitation coils.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a double magnetic circuit magnetic regulating type axial permanent magnet motor includes an inner rotor 4 disposed in the middle, a first stator 3 and a second stator 5 disposed symmetrically with respect to both sides of the inner rotor, a first rotor 1 and a second rotor 7 disposed at the outermost sides symmetrically with respect to the inner rotor, a first magnetic regulating ring 2 and a second magnetic regulating ring 6 installed between the first rotor 1 and the first stator 3 and between the second rotor 7 and the second stator; the first stator 3 is structurally identical to the second stator 5 and is symmetrically and coaxially mounted about the inner rotor 4.

The inner rotor 4 is composed of a plurality of inner rotor permanent magnets 17 arranged along the circumference, and the magnetizing directions of the rotor permanent magnets are axial alternate magnetizing.

The first stator 3 and the second stator 5 both comprise stator discs formed by E-shaped iron cores 11 and stator permanent magnets 14 which are alternately arranged along the circumference. The stator permanent magnets 14 are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction. The stator permanent magnet 14 and the adjacent stator teeth 12 of the adjacent E-shaped iron core 11 are wound with armature windings 15. The stator center teeth 13 of each stator permanent magnet 14 are wound with field windings 16 for adjusting the magnetic field. The junction of the outer side wall and the bottom of the E-shaped iron core 11 is provided with a chamfer, and the stator teeth 12 and the middle teeth 13 are provided with auxiliary grooves.

The first rotor 1 and the second rotor 7 are both composed of a rotor yoke 8 and a Halbach permanent magnet array 9 arranged on the inner side surface of the rotor yoke 8 along the circumference. The Halbach permanent magnet array 9 is a combined Halbach array with each pole having 2 sections, and is composed of radial magnetizing magnetic steel and tangential magnetizing magnetic steel, and the two kinds of magnetic steel have equal size and dosage. The second rotor 7 has the same structure as the first rotor 1, can be coaxially mounted by staggering a certain angle, and is symmetrically arranged relative to the inner rotor 4. The first rotor 1, the second rotor 7, the first stator 3 and the second stator 5 are all salient pole structures.

The first magnetic adjusting ring 2 and the second magnetic adjusting ring 6 both comprise a plurality of U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth 18 which are arranged at intervals along the circumference, openings of the U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth 18 face inwards to the inner rotor 4, adjacent U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth 18 are fixed through end portions connected with a fixing support 10, and the fixing support 10 is arranged in a double-layer mode along the circumference. The double teeth of the U-shaped magnetic regulating teeth 18 can be designed into symmetrical and asymmetrical structures, and the tooth shapes can be designed into ladder-shaped, fan-shaped and rectangular structures. The first magnetic adjusting ring 2 and the second magnetic adjusting ring 6 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged relative to the inner rotor 4, and can also be coaxially arranged by staggering a certain angle.

The design of the stator core module is convenient for installation and mass production, and the design of the inner rotor increases the utilization rate of the magnetic regulating teeth. The invention adds the magnetic regulating teeth and regulates the double magnetic circuits through the magnetic regulating teeth. The double magnetic circuits are respectively a magnetic field loop formed by the outer rotor, the magnetic adjusting ring and the stator and a magnetic field loop formed by the outer rotor, the magnetic adjusting ring and the stator, so that the magnetic adjusting performance is stronger.

As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic axial permanent magnet motor of the present embodiment is a six-air-gap axial magnetic field flux switching permanent magnet motor composed of three rotors, two stators and two flux adjusting rings. As shown in fig. 2, each stator is composed of 6E-

type cores

11, 6 stator

permanent magnets

14, 6

armature windings

15 and 6 field windings 16. As shown in fig. 3, the tooth shapes of the two stator teeth 12 on the E-shaped iron core 11 can be designed as sector teeth, rectangular teeth or trapezoidal teeth, the E-shaped stator core module 11 further includes stator middle teeth 13, and the stator teeth can be provided with auxiliary slots of different shapes.

As shown in fig. 4, the magnetic regulating ring is composed of U-shaped magnetic regulating teeth 18 and the fixing support 10, and the U-shaped magnetic regulating teeth may be designed to be of a fan-shaped tooth structure, a parallel tooth structure or a trapezoidal tooth structure, and may be designed to be of a symmetrical or asymmetrical structure. The fixing support 10 is buckled with each other to form an inner fixing ring and an outer fixing ring, so that the U-shaped magnetic regulating teeth are fixed, and the volatilization of the temperature on the magnetic regulating teeth is accelerated.

As shown in fig. 5, the inner rotor is composed of 6 blocks of permanent magnetic material of the same shape and material. The permanent magnets are axially and alternately magnetized, and are combined with the outer rotor to form a closed magnetic circuit.

As shown in fig. 6, 12 armature windings 15 are respectively wound on 12 stator permanent magnets 14 and the adjacent stator teeth 12 of the E-shaped iron core to form 2 sets of three-phase armature windings, and two coils which are opposite to each other in the radial direction in each set of three-phase armature windings are connected in series to form one phase winding. Taking the phase a winding as an example, a1 and A3 are phase a coils diametrically opposite to each other on the right side of the stator, a2 and a4 are phase a coils diametrically opposite to each other on the left side, a1 and A3 are connected in series, and a2 and a4 are connected in series, respectively, to obtain two sets of phase a windings of the motor, and in the same way, two sets of windings of phase B and phase C are obtained, and four coils in the phase a are connected with a bitmap as shown in fig. 7. The middle teeth of the stator are provided with

excitation windings

16, 12 excitation windings are respectively L1-L12, and the connection mode of a two-dimensional expansion diagram of 12 excitation coils is as shown in figure 8.

An excitation winding is placed on the middle teeth of the stator to adjust the magnetic field of the motor, the solid line in fig. 9 is the direction of the permanent magnetic field, the dotted line is the direction of the excitation magnetic field, and when forward excitation current is introduced into the excitation winding, the direction of the excitation magnetic field is consistent with the direction of the permanent magnetic field, so that the magnetization is realized; and (3) introducing reverse exciting current into the exciting winding, wherein the direction of the exciting magnetic field is opposite to that of the permanent magnetic field, so that the field weakening is realized. Therefore, the motor with the structure can realize mixed excitation.

In fig. 9, solid arrows indicate the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets of the inner and outer rotors and the permanent magnets of the stator, and the inner rotor is alternately magnetized in the axial direction. The invention adds the magnetic regulating teeth and regulates the double magnetic circuits through the magnetic regulating teeth. The double magnetic circuits are respectively a magnetic field loop formed by the outer rotor, the magnetic adjusting ring, the stator and the inner rotor and a magnetic field loop formed by the outer rotor, the magnetic adjusting ring and the stator, and the magnetic adjusting performance is enhanced.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a two magnetic circuit accent magnetism type axial permanent-magnet machine which characterized in that: the magnetic field generator comprises a first rotor (1), a first magnetic adjusting ring (2), a first stator (3), an inner rotor (4), a second stator (5), a second magnetic adjusting ring (6) and a second rotor (7) which are coaxially arranged; the first stator (3) and the second stator (5) are respectively arranged on two sides of the inner rotor (4), the first rotor (1) and the second rotor (7) are arranged on the outermost side, the first magnetic adjusting ring (2) is arranged between the first rotor (1) and the first stator (3), and the second magnetic adjusting ring (6) is arranged between the second rotor (7) and the second stator (5);

the inner rotor (4) is composed of a plurality of inner rotor permanent magnets (17) arranged along the circumference, and the magnetizing directions of the rotor permanent magnets are axial alternate magnetizing; the first rotor (1) and the second rotor (7) both comprise rotor yokes (8) and Halbach permanent magnet arrays (9) arranged on the inner side faces of the rotor yokes (8) along the circumference; the first magnetic adjusting ring (2) and the second magnetic adjusting ring (6) comprise a plurality of U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth (18) which are arranged at intervals along the circumference, openings of the U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth (18) face inwards to the inner rotor (4), adjacent U-shaped magnetic adjusting teeth (18) are fixed through end connection fixing supports (10), and the fixing supports (10) are arranged in a double-layer mode along the circumference.

2. The dual magnetic circuit field-regulating axial permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein: the first stator (3) and the second stator (5) respectively comprise stator discs formed by E-shaped iron cores (11) and stator permanent magnets (14) which are alternately arranged along the circumference, the stator permanent magnets (14) are alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction, armature windings (15) are wound on the stator permanent magnets (14) and adjacent stator teeth (12) of the adjacent E-shaped iron cores (11), and excitation windings (16) are wound on stator middle teeth (13) of each stator permanent magnet (14).

3. The double magnetic circuit field-regulating type axial permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, wherein: and a chamfer is formed at the joint of the outer side wall and the bottom of the E-shaped iron core (11).

4. The double magnetic circuit field modulated type axial permanent magnet motor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: auxiliary grooves are formed in the stator teeth (12) and the middle teeth (13) of the E-shaped iron core (11).

5. The dual magnetic circuit field modulated type axial permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first rotor (1) and the second rotor (7) are arranged coaxially in a staggered mode at a certain angle.

6. The dual magnetic circuit field modulated type axial permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the Halbach permanent magnet array (9) is a combined Halbach array with each pole having 2 sections, and is composed of radial magnetizing magnetic steel and tangential magnetizing magnetic steel, and the two kinds of magnetic steel have equal size and use amount.

7. The dual magnetic circuit field modulated type axial permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first magnetic adjusting ring (2) and the second magnetic adjusting ring (6) are arranged coaxially in a staggered mode at a certain angle.