CN110676482B - Fuel cell cogeneration system - Google Patents
Fuel cell cogeneration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110676482B CN110676482B CN201910848370.3A CN201910848370A CN110676482B CN 110676482 B CN110676482 B CN 110676482B CN 201910848370 A CN201910848370 A CN 201910848370A CN 110676482 B CN110676482 B CN 110676482B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04052—Storage of heat in the fuel cell system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
- H01M2250/405—Cogeneration of heat or hot water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell cogeneration system, which comprises a cell unit, a combustion reaction chamber, a high-temperature heat storage device and a raw material supply unit, wherein the cell unit is arranged in the combustion reaction chamber; the raw material supply unit is respectively connected with the battery unit and the combustion reaction chamber and is used for supplying raw materials for the battery unit and the combustion reaction chamber; the combustion reaction chamber is respectively connected with the raw material supply unit and the high-temperature heat storage device, and is used for carrying out combustion reaction on the raw materials provided by the raw material supply unit and/or the raw materials which are not used up by the battery unit to generate high-temperature tail gas and conveying the high-temperature tail gas to the raw material supply unit and the high-temperature heat storage device; the high-temperature heat storage device is connected with the battery unit and used for conveying the stored heat to the battery unit; the battery unit is used for converting the chemical energy of the raw material into electric energy and outputting the electric energy. By implementing the invention, the high-temperature heat storage device stores the heat generated by the combustion reaction chamber and transmits the heat to the battery unit, so that the battery unit is quickly raised to the working temperature, and the problem of long starting time of the fuel cell can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell cogeneration system.
Background
A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) cogeneration system is a device for supplying heat and power to a Fuel Cell, and mainly comprises a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell stack and an auxiliary device, wherein the auxiliary device is used for providing conditions required by the operation of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell. The solid oxide fuel cell is a device capable of directly converting chemical energy in fuel and oxidant into electric energy at high temperature (600-1000 ℃), and has the advantages of high energy conversion rate, zero pollution, wide fuel adaptability, wide application field and the like.
Because the operating temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell is relatively high, it takes several hours to tens of hours or more to raise the temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell to the operating temperature, which results in a long startup time of the cogeneration system, and the sealing failure problem of the solid oxide fuel cell can be caused after the temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell is started and stopped for many times of cold and hot cycles.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell cogeneration system to solve the problems of long start-up time of the fuel cell cogeneration system and sealing failure of the fuel cell after multiple start-up and shut-down cycles.
According to a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a fuel cell cogeneration system, including a battery unit, a combustion reaction chamber, a high-temperature heat storage device, and a raw material supply unit; the raw material supply unit is respectively connected with the battery unit and the combustion reaction chamber and is used for supplying raw materials to the battery unit and the combustion reaction chamber; the combustion reaction chamber is respectively connected with the raw material supply unit and the high-temperature heat storage device, and is used for carrying out combustion reaction on the raw materials provided by the raw material supply unit and/or the raw materials which are not used up by the battery unit to generate high-temperature tail gas, and conveying the high-temperature tail gas to the raw material supply unit and the high-temperature heat storage device; the high-temperature heat storage device is connected with the battery unit and used for conveying stored heat to the battery unit; the battery unit is used for converting the chemical energy of the raw material into electric energy and outputting the electric energy.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first implementation manner of the first aspect, the system further includes: a circulation pump; the circulating pump is respectively connected with the high-temperature heat storage device and the battery unit, and the circulating pump, the high-temperature heat storage device and the battery unit form a closed loop.
With reference to the first aspect, in a second embodiment of the first aspect, the raw material supply unit includes: the system comprises a fan, a water pump, a preheater, an evaporator and a reformer; the preheater is respectively connected with the fan and the battery unit and is used for preheating air input by the fan and then conveying the preheated air to the battery unit; the evaporator is respectively connected with the water pump and the reformer and is used for mixing water input by the water pump after being evaporated with fuel gas and conveying the mixed gas to the reformer; the reformer is connected with the battery unit and is used for conveying the mixed gas to the battery unit after the mixed gas is catalytically reformed.
With reference to the second embodiment of the first aspect, in a third embodiment of the first aspect, the system further includes: a first valve, a second valve, and a three-phase valve; the output end of the combustion reaction chamber is respectively connected with the input ends of the first valve and the second valve, and the output end of the first valve is connected with the input end of the high-temperature heat storage device; the input end of the three-phase valve is respectively connected with the second valve and the output end of the high-temperature heat storage device, the first output end of the three-phase valve is connected with the input end of the preheater, and the second output end of the three-phase valve is connected with the input end of the reformer.
With reference to the third embodiment of the first aspect, in the fourth embodiment of the first aspect, the output of the preheater is connected to the input of the evaporator.
With reference to the fourth embodiment of the first aspect, in the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, the system further includes: a heat exchanger; the input end of the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the output ends of the evaporator and the reformer, and the water inlet and the water outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively connected with a water supply device and used for heating liquid introduced into the heat exchanger.
With reference to the first aspect or any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect, in a sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, the system further includes: a DC-AC converter; the direct current and alternating current converter is connected with the battery unit and used for converting direct current output by the battery unit into alternating current for output.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the high-temperature heat storage device absorbs the heat in the high-temperature tail gas generated by the fuel cell cogeneration system and provides the heat for the cell unit, so that the temperature of the cell unit can quickly reach the working temperature, and the starting time of the fuel cell cogeneration system is shortened; and when the fuel cell cogeneration system does not work, the high-temperature heat storage device still maintains the temperature of the cell unit, thereby avoiding the problem of positioning failure of the cell seal caused by the repeated starting and stopping of the fuel cell due to the multiple cold and hot circulation and simultaneously solving the problem that the fuel cell cogeneration system needs to work continuously.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell cogeneration system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell cogeneration system in another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell cogeneration system, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: a battery unit 2, a combustion reaction chamber 3, a high-temperature heat storage device 4, and a raw material supply unit 1; the raw material supply unit 1 is connected with the battery unit 2 and the combustion reaction chamber 3 respectively and used for supplying raw materials for the battery unit 2 and the combustion reaction chamber 3; the combustion reaction chamber 3 is respectively connected with the raw material supply unit 1 and the high-temperature heat storage device 4, and is used for carrying out combustion reaction on the raw materials provided by the raw material supply unit 1 and/or the raw materials which are not used up by the battery unit to generate high-temperature tail gas, and conveying the high-temperature tail gas to the raw material supply unit 1 and the high-temperature heat storage device 4; the high-temperature heat storage device 4 is connected with the battery unit 2 and used for conveying stored heat to the battery unit 2; the battery unit 2 is used for converting chemical energy of the raw material into electric energy and outputting the electric energy.
In practical application, the battery unit 2 may be a solid oxide fuel cell stack, the raw material supply unit 1 supplies fuel gas and air required by the operation of the solid oxide fuel cell stack, when the fuel cell cogeneration system is initially started, the temperature of the battery unit 2 does not reach the operating temperature, the raw materials (i.e. the fuel gas and the air) supplied by the raw material supply unit 1 can be conveyed to the combustion reaction chamber 3 through a pipeline for reaction, the generated high-temperature tail gas is conveyed to the high-temperature heat storage device 4 through a pipeline, the high-temperature heat storage device 4 can absorb heat in the high-temperature tail gas through a phase change material or other modes and convey a part of heat to the battery unit 2, so that the battery unit 2 is rapidly heated to reach the operating temperature, the high-temperature heat storage device conveys another part of heat to the raw material supply unit 1 to provide the heat required by the raw material supply unit 1, when the temperature of the battery unit 2 reaches the working temperature, the battery unit 2 starts to work to convert the chemical energy of the raw materials into electric energy for output, and the unreacted raw materials of the battery unit 2 are conveyed to the combustion reaction chamber 3 for reaction; when the fuel cell cogeneration system does not need to work, the high-temperature heat storage device 4 maintains the temperature of the battery unit 2 by conveying heat, when the fuel cell cogeneration system is restarted, the high-temperature heat storage device 4 provides the working temperature required by the raw material supply unit 1 and the battery unit 2, and the heat storage capacity of the high-temperature heat storage device is set according to the heat required to be supplemented by the shutdown time of the fuel cell cogeneration system.
By implementing the fuel cell cogeneration system in the embodiment of the invention, the high-temperature heat storage device 4 is used for absorbing heat in high-temperature tail gas generated by the fuel cell cogeneration system and supplying the heat to the cell unit 2 and the raw material supply unit 1, so that the cell unit 2 can be quickly heated to the working temperature, the temperature of the cell unit 2 can be maintained when the cell unit does not work, the starting time of the fuel cell cogeneration system is shortened, and the problem that the fuel cell cogeneration system needs to continuously work is avoided, thereby solving the problems of long starting time of the fuel cell cogeneration system and sealing failure of the fuel cell caused by starting and stopping of multiple cold and hot cycles.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell cogeneration system in the above embodiments further includes: the circulating pump 5 is connected with the high-temperature heat storage device 4 and the battery unit 2 respectively, and the circulating pump 5, the high-temperature heat storage device 4 and the battery unit 2 form a closed loop; in practical application, the circulating pump 5 is connected with the high-temperature heat storage device 4 and the battery unit 2 through pipelines to form a closed cycle, and the medium of the closed cycle can adopt liquid and/or gas to convey the heat stored in the high-temperature heat storage device 4 to the battery unit 2.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention, the raw material supply unit 1 in the above embodiments includes: a fan 101, a water pump 102, a preheater 103, an evaporator 104, and a reformer 105; the preheater 103 is respectively connected with the fan 101 and the battery unit 2, and is used for preheating air input by the fan 101 and then conveying the air to the battery unit 2; the evaporator 104 is connected to the water pump 102 and the reformer 105, respectively, and is configured to evaporate water input by the water pump 102, mix the evaporated water with the fuel gas, and deliver the mixed gas to the reformer 105; the reformer 105 is connected with the battery unit 2 and used for catalytically reforming the mixed gas and then conveying the gas to the battery unit 2; in practical application, air is conveyed to the preheater 103 through a pipeline by the fan 101 to be preheated and then conveyed to the battery unit 2 to serve as one of raw materials required by the reaction of the battery unit 2; the water is sent to the evaporator 104 by the water pump 102, heated by the evaporator 104 to form steam, and then mixed with the fuel gas (hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, or other simple substance gas or mixed gas) sent to the evaporator 104, and then sent to the reformer 105, and finally reformed and catalyzed by the reformer 105 to be used as another part of raw material required for the reaction of the battery unit 2.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell cogeneration system in the above embodiments further includes: a first valve 6, a second valve 7, and a three-phase valve 8; the output end of the combustion reaction chamber 3 is respectively connected with the input ends of a first valve 6 and a second valve 7, and the output end of the first valve 6 is connected with the input end of the high-temperature heat storage device 4; the input end of the three-phase valve 8 is respectively connected with the second valve 7 and the output end of the high-temperature heat storage device 4, the first output end of the three-phase valve 8 is connected with the input end of the preheater 103, and the second output end of the three-phase valve is connected with the input end of the reformer 105. In practical application, a part of high-temperature tail gas generated by the combustion reaction chamber 3 is connected to the high-temperature heat storage device 4 through the first valve 6, after heat exchange (heat absorption) is performed through the high-temperature heat storage device 4, the high-temperature tail gas is converged with the other part of high-temperature tail gas and then is divided into two parts of tail gas through the three-phase valve 8 again, one part of tail gas is connected with the tail gas preheater 103 to provide heat required by the preheater 103, and the other part of tail gas is connected with the reformer 105 to provide heat required by the reformer 105. The flow of the high-temperature gas to the high-temperature heat storage device 4 can be controlled by adjusting the first valve 6 and the second valve 7.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the output end of the preheater 103 in the above embodiments is connected to the input end of the evaporator 104, and in practical applications, a part of the high temperature tail gas in the above embodiments is introduced into the preheater 103 through a pipeline and then introduced into the evaporator 104, so as to provide the heat required by the evaporator 104.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell cogeneration system in the above embodiments further includes: the input ends of the heat exchanger 9 and the heat exchanger 9 are respectively connected with the output ends of the evaporator 104 and the reformer 105, and the water inlet and the water outlet of the heat exchanger 9 are respectively connected with a water supply device for heating the liquid introduced into the heat exchanger. In practical application, in the above embodiment, the three-phase valve 8 branches the high-temperature tail gas into two parts, one part of the tail gas is sequentially introduced into the preheater 103 and the evaporator 104, and the other part of the tail gas is introduced into the reformer 105 and finally flows into the heat exchanger 9, so as to provide heat required by the heat exchanger 9 for heating liquid, where the liquid may be water, and the heat exchanger 9 outputs hot water, thereby realizing the heat supply function of the fuel cell cogeneration system.
Optionally, in some implementations of the present invention, the fuel cell cogeneration system in the above embodiments further includes: a DC/AC converter 10; the dc/ac converter 10 is connected to the battery unit 2, and is configured to convert a dc current output from the battery unit 2 into an ac current for output. In practical applications, since the battery unit 2 outputs a dc current, when an ac current is needed, the dc/ac converter 10 needs to convert a dc signal into an ac current.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A fuel cell cogeneration system is characterized by comprising a cell unit, a combustion reaction chamber, a high-temperature heat storage device, a raw material supply unit, a first valve, a second valve and a three-phase valve;
the raw material supply unit is respectively connected with the battery unit and the combustion reaction chamber, is used for providing raw materials for the battery unit and the combustion reaction chamber, and is unidirectionally input by heat energy of the high-temperature heat storage device to preheat reactants;
the combustion reaction chamber is respectively connected with the raw material supply unit and the high-temperature heat storage device, is used for carrying out combustion reaction on the raw materials provided by the raw material supply unit and/or the raw materials which are not used up by the battery unit to generate high-temperature tail gas, and unidirectionally conveys the high-temperature tail gas to the raw material supply unit and the high-temperature heat storage device;
the high-temperature heat storage device is connected with the battery unit and used for transmitting a part of stored heat to the battery unit; delivering another portion of the stored heat to the feedstock supply unit; when the fuel cell cogeneration system does not need to work, the high-temperature heat storage device maintains the temperature of the battery unit by conveying heat, when the fuel cell cogeneration system is restarted, the high-temperature heat storage device provides the working temperature required by the raw material supply unit and the battery unit, and the heat storage capacity of the high-temperature heat storage device is set according to the heat required to be supplemented by the shutdown time of the fuel cell cogeneration system;
the battery unit is used for converting the chemical energy of the raw material into electric energy and outputting the electric energy;
the raw material supply unit includes: the system comprises a fan, a water pump, a preheater, an evaporator and a reformer;
the preheater is respectively connected with the fan and the battery unit and is used for preheating air input by the fan and then conveying the preheated air to the battery unit;
the evaporator is respectively connected with the water pump and the reformer and is used for mixing water input by the water pump after being evaporated with fuel gas and conveying the mixed gas to the reformer;
the reformer is connected with the battery unit and is used for conveying the mixed gas to the battery unit after the mixed gas is catalytically reformed;
the output end of the combustion reaction chamber is respectively connected with the input ends of the first valve and the second valve, and the output end of the first valve is connected with the input end of the high-temperature heat storage device;
the input end of the three-phase valve is respectively connected with the second valve and the output end of the high-temperature heat storage device, the first output end of the three-phase valve is connected with the input end of the preheater, and the second output end of the three-phase valve is connected with the input end of the reformer;
one part of high-temperature tail gas generated by the combustion reaction chamber is connected to the high-temperature heat storage device through a first valve, after heat exchange is carried out through the high-temperature heat storage device, the high-temperature tail gas is converged with the other part of high-temperature tail gas and then is divided into two parts of tail gas through a three-phase valve, one part of tail gas is connected with the preheater to provide heat required by the preheater, and the other part of tail gas is connected with the reformer to provide heat required by the reformer; the flow of high-temperature gas flowing to the high-temperature heat storage device is controlled by adjusting the first valve and the second valve.
2. The fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, further comprising: a circulation pump;
the circulating pump is respectively connected with the high-temperature heat storage device and the battery unit, and the circulating pump, the high-temperature heat storage device and the battery unit form a closed loop.
3. The fuel cell cogeneration system of claim 1, wherein the output of said preheater is connected to the input of said evaporator.
4. The fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 3, further comprising: a heat exchanger;
the input end of the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the output ends of the evaporator and the reformer, and the water inlet and the water outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively connected with a water supply device and used for heating liquid introduced into the heat exchanger.
5. The fuel cell cogeneration system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a DC-AC converter;
the direct current and alternating current converter is connected with the battery unit and used for converting direct current output by the battery unit into alternating current for output.
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| CN113921856A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-11 | 西南石油大学 | Solid oxide fuel cell external thermal management system and method based on phase change material |
| CN114068988A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-18 | 浙江清华长三角研究院 | High-temperature fuel cell cogeneration and seawater desalination device integrated system |
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