CN110657438A - Treatment process of waste combustion gas - Google Patents
Treatment process of waste combustion gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110657438A CN110657438A CN201810690860.0A CN201810690860A CN110657438A CN 110657438 A CN110657438 A CN 110657438A CN 201810690860 A CN201810690860 A CN 201810690860A CN 110657438 A CN110657438 A CN 110657438A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- waste
- waste gas
- filtering
- pipeline
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
- F23J2215/301—Dioxins; Furans
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/40—Carbon monoxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment process of waste combustion gas, which comprises the following specific steps: step 1, filtering oily particles and oil liquid; step 2, reducing the gas temperature to ensure the purification efficiency; step 3, removing part of organic matters and CO dissolved in water, reducing the dust concentration and further reducing the gas temperature; step 4, removing water mist in the gas; step 5, efficiently filtering dust and smoke; and 6, removing dioxin and partial CO, effectively filtering oily particles, oil liquid, organic waste gas partially dissolved in water, CO and organic matter dioxin in the exhaust gas of the incinerated domestic garbage, and simultaneously, purifying the particle dust below 0.5um and various suspended matters by more than 90 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a treatment process of waste combustion waste gas.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the socioeconomic rapid progress of China and the rapid improvement of the living standard of people, the garbage generated in the urban production and living process is rapidly increased, and the domestic garbage occupies land, pollutes the environment and has more obvious influence on the health of people. At present, domestic garbage is generally subjected to incineration treatment. The pollutants generated in the process of burning the household garbage mainly comprise four types: particulate matters (smoke dust), acid gases (CO, NOX, SO2HCl and the like), heavy metals (Hg, Cr, Pb and the like) and organic pollutants (main factors are dioxins), and tail gas discharged by waste incineration causes certain influence on the surrounding environment and is not favorable for human bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment process of waste combustion gas, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a treatment process of waste combustion gas comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, filtering oily particles and oil liquid: carrying out primary filtering and purifying treatment on the high-temperature waste gas after the waste incineration through a primary filter;
step 2, reducing the gas temperature to ensure the purification efficiency: carrying out heat exchange on the high-temperature gas generated by burning the garbage and the normal-temperature gas by the air-cooled heat exchanger on the waste gas treated in the step (1);
and 3, removing partial organic matters and CO dissolved in water, reducing the dust concentration, and further reducing the gas temperature: carrying out acid-base neutralization treatment and wet dust removal treatment on the waste gas treated in the step 2 through a spray tower;
and 4, removing water mist in the gas: drying the waste gas treated in the step 3 through a demister;
and 5, efficiently filtering dust and smoke: filtering and purifying the waste gas treated in the step 4 by a high-efficiency air filter;
step 6, removing dioxin and partial CO: and (5) filtering and purifying the waste gas treated in the step (5) by an activated carbon filter.
Preferably, communicate primary filter and air-cooled heat exchanger through the pipeline, communicate air-cooled heat exchanger and spray column through the pipeline, communicate spray column and defroster through the pipeline, communicate defroster and high-efficient air cleaner through the pipeline, communicate high-efficient air cleaner and active carbon filter through the pipeline.
Preferably, the waste gas after the waste incineration is introduced into the primary filter through a fan.
Preferably, the exhaust gas in the pipeline between the demister and the high-efficiency air filter is accelerated to circulate by a small fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of carrying out primary filtering and purifying treatment through a primary filter to intercept oily particles and oil liquid to enter an air-cooled heat exchanger, carrying out heat exchange between high-temperature gas generated by burning garbage and normal-temperature gas through the air-cooled heat exchanger to enable the burning waste gas to enter next-stage treatment equipment after cooling, carrying out acid-base neutralization treatment and wet dust removal treatment through a spray tower to remove part of organic waste gas dissolved in water, carrying out drying treatment through a demister to remove water vapor drying gas in the waste gas, carrying out filtering and purifying treatment through a high-efficiency air filter to trap particle dust and various suspended matters below 0.5 mu m, wherein the purifying efficiency is more than 90 percent, CO, organic matter dioxin and the like in the waste gas subjected to filtering and purifying treatment through an active carbon filter are adsorbed by active carbon and attached to a pore structure of the active carbon, so that the gas is purified, and the purified gas is discharged to, the invention can effectively filter oily particles, oil liquid, organic waste gas partially dissolved in water, CO and organic dioxin in the exhaust gas of the domestic garbage after incineration, and can simultaneously purify particle dust below 0.5um and various suspended matters with the purification efficiency of more than 90 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the waste combustion gas treatment process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a treatment process of waste combustion gas comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, filtering oily particles and oil liquid: carrying out primary filtering and purifying treatment on high-temperature waste gas after waste incineration through a primary filter, and intercepting oily particles and oil liquid from entering an air-cooled heat exchanger;
step 2, reducing the gas temperature to ensure the purification efficiency: the waste gas treated in the step 1 is subjected to heat exchange between high-temperature gas generated by burning the garbage and normal-temperature gas through an air-cooled heat exchanger, the high-temperature gas generated by burning the garbage and the normal-temperature gas of the heat exchanger are subjected to gas-gas exchange, heat is conducted through fins to prevent the two gases from contacting, on one hand, the normal-temperature gas is led out and discharged by a fan of the heat exchanger after heat exchange, and on the other hand, the burning waste gas is cooled and then enters next-stage treatment equipment;
and 3, removing partial organic matters and CO dissolved in water, reducing the dust concentration, and further reducing the gas temperature: carrying out acid-base neutralization treatment and wet dust removal treatment on the waste gas treated in the step 2 through a spray tower, enabling the flue gas and the acid gas waste gas (CO, NOX and SO2HCl) to enter a washing tower from bottom to top, carrying out secondary acid-base neutralization reaction on the surface of the filler and an alkaline spray liquid, removing part of CO, simultaneously carrying out wet dust removal on the flue gas, further reducing the temperature of the waste gas, and removing part of organic waste gas dissolved in water;
and 4, removing water mist in the gas: drying the waste gas treated in the step 3 by a demister, and removing water vapor in the waste gas by the demister to dry the gas;
and 5, efficiently filtering dust and smoke: the waste gas treated in the step 4 is filtered and purified by a high-efficiency air filter, a large amount of smoke is generated due to garbage combustion, the smoke contains a large amount of smoke and dust, the equipment is provided with the high-efficiency air filter and is mainly used for trapping particle dust and various suspended matters below 0.5um, and the purification efficiency is more than 90%;
step 6, removing dioxin and partial CO: and (3) filtering and purifying the waste gas treated in the step (5) through an activated carbon filter, wherein when the organic waste gas containing dioxin passes through the surface of the activated carbon, the specific surface area of the activated carbon is very large, the adsorption capacity is strong, and CO organic matter dioxin and the like in the waste gas are adsorbed by the activated carbon and attached to the pore structure of the activated carbon, so that the gas is purified, and the purified gas is discharged to the atmosphere through an exhaust funnel.
Specifically, through pipeline intercommunication primary filter and air-cooled heat exchanger, through pipeline intercommunication air-cooled heat exchanger and spray column, through pipeline intercommunication spray column ware and defroster, through pipeline intercommunication defroster and high-efficient air cleaner, through pipeline intercommunication high-efficient air cleaner and active carbon filter.
Specifically, waste gas after waste incineration is introduced into the primary filter through a fan, and the fan is used after the waste incineration.
Specifically, the exhaust gas in the duct between the demister and the high-efficiency air filter is circulated at an increased speed by the small-sized fan.
The working principle is as follows: the heat exchanger is a device for realizing heat transfer between two fluids (combustion high-temperature waste gas and outdoor normal-temperature gas) with different temperatures, transfers the high temperature of the combustion waste gas to the normal-temperature gas with lower temperature, realizes gas-gas exchange of heat, and enables the temperature of the fluid to reach 40-50 ℃ so as to meet the requirements of working conditions of an activated carbon adsorption process. The washing tower belongs to a two-phase countercurrent flow packing absorption tower. The gas enters the purifying tower from the air inlet below the tower body along the tangential direction, is quickly filled in the air inlet section space under the power action of the ventilator, and then uniformly rises to the first-stage filler absorption section through the flow equalizing section. On the surface of the packing, the contaminants in the gas phase undergo an acid-base neutralization reaction with the substances in the liquid phase (acid/base) while exchanging heat with water. The reaction products and dust particles flow with the absorption liquid into the lower sump. The incompletely absorbed gas continuously rises to enter the first stage spraying section. The absorption liquid is sprayed out from the uniformly distributed nozzles at high speed in the spraying section to form countless fine droplets which are fully mixed and contacted with the gas to continuously generate chemical neutralization reaction. Then the gas rises to the second-stage filling section and the spraying section to carry out the absorption process similar to the first-stage absorption process. The second stage and the first stage have different nozzle densities, different liquid spraying pressures and different absorbing gas concentration ranges. The process of contacting the spraying section and the filling section is also the process of material heat and mass transfer. The sufficiency and stability of the process are ensured by controlling the flow rate and the retention time of the empty tower. For some gases with poor chemical activity, a certain amount of surfactant needs to be added into the absorption liquid. The uppermost part of the tower body is a demisting section, absorption liquid fog drops carried in the gas are removed, and the gas after primary treatment enters the next-stage treatment equipment from an exhaust pipe at the upper end of the absorption tower. Excessive water vapor easily causes activated carbon saturation failure, and the demister is used for ensuring that the excessive water vapor enters a rear-end activated carbon adsorption purification device system to ensure that an air source of an adsorption treatment system is clean, dry and free of particles; the filler adopts the baffle plate, the plastic pall ring and the like, and the water removal effect is obvious. Because rubbish burning can produce a large amount of flue gases, contain a large amount of flue gases and dust in the flue gas, equipment is installed high efficiency filter, mainly used entrapment particle dust and various suspended solids below 0.5um, and purification efficiency > 90%. The adsorption box is made of a double-sided stainless steel sandwich plate, activated carbon is filled in the adsorption box, waste gas containing CO and organic matters passes through an activated carbon adsorption layer (orderly stacked) under the action of the attraction of a fan, the organic matters are retained in a pore structure by the specific action force of the activated carbon, and clean gas is discharged.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The treatment process of the waste combustion gas is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
step 1, filtering oily particles and oil liquid: carrying out primary filtering and purifying treatment on the high-temperature waste gas after the waste incineration through a primary filter;
step 2, reducing the gas temperature to ensure the purification efficiency: carrying out heat exchange on the high-temperature gas generated by burning the garbage and the normal-temperature gas by the air-cooled heat exchanger on the waste gas treated in the step (1);
and 3, removing partial organic matters and CO dissolved in water, reducing the dust concentration, and further reducing the gas temperature: carrying out acid-base neutralization treatment and wet dust removal treatment on the waste gas treated in the step 2 through a spray tower;
and 4, removing water mist in the gas: drying the waste gas treated in the step 3 through a demister;
and 5, efficiently filtering dust and smoke: filtering and purifying the waste gas treated in the step 4 by a high-efficiency air filter;
step 6, removing dioxin and partial CO: and (5) filtering and purifying the waste gas treated in the step (5) by an activated carbon filter.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the waste combustion gas is selected from the group consisting of: the primary filter and the air-cooled heat exchanger are communicated through a pipeline, the air-cooled heat exchanger and the spray tower are communicated through the pipeline, the spray tower and the demister are communicated through the pipeline, the demister and the efficient air filter are communicated through the pipeline, and the efficient air filter and the activated carbon filter are communicated through the pipeline.
3. The process for treating waste combustion gas as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and introducing waste gas generated after the garbage incineration into the primary filter through a fan.
4. The process for treating waste combustion gas as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the waste gas in the pipeline between the demister and the high-efficiency air filter is enabled to circulate with higher speed through the small fan.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810690860.0A CN110657438A (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Treatment process of waste combustion gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810690860.0A CN110657438A (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Treatment process of waste combustion gas |
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| CN110657438A true CN110657438A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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| CN201810690860.0A Pending CN110657438A (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Treatment process of waste combustion gas |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112984513A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-18 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Landfill oversize material combustion treatment method for promoting pollutant to reach standard |
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| CN103394254A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-20 | 李川凌 | Physical purification device for boarding machine oil smoke |
| CN104069724A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-01 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Sintering flue gas seawater desulfurization system and desulfurization method |
| CN104930539A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-23 | 山东大学 | Coal-fired power plant flue gas heat regenerative system and energy-saving water-saving ultra-clean discharging method |
| CN105864792A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 陈春光 | Treatment method for dioxins atmospheric pollutants in household refuse incineration smoke |
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2018
- 2018-06-28 CN CN201810690860.0A patent/CN110657438A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102181308A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2011-09-14 | 建业庆松集团有限公司 | Vacuum potassium carbonate coke oven gas desulfurization-sulfuric acid preparation process and processing system thereof |
| CN104069724A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-01 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Sintering flue gas seawater desulfurization system and desulfurization method |
| CN103394254A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-20 | 李川凌 | Physical purification device for boarding machine oil smoke |
| CN104930539A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-23 | 山东大学 | Coal-fired power plant flue gas heat regenerative system and energy-saving water-saving ultra-clean discharging method |
| CN105864792A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 陈春光 | Treatment method for dioxins atmospheric pollutants in household refuse incineration smoke |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112984513A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-18 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Landfill oversize material combustion treatment method for promoting pollutant to reach standard |
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Application publication date: 20200107 |