CN110641403B - A hierarchical origami-shaped automobile collision energy absorption structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hierarchical origami-shaped automobile collision energy absorption structure, which comprises a plurality of energy absorption layers and an origami-shaped induction tube, wherein the origami-shaped induction tube is a metal tube folded in a Z shape by using a metal sheet through a Miura folding method; adjacent energy absorption layers are connected to each other through the origami-shaped induction tube; the plurality of energy absorption layers comprise a honeycomb energy absorption layer and a porous material energy absorption layer which are coaxially distributed from top to bottom; the honeycomb energy absorption layer comprises two first metal plates and a metal material with a special-shaped honeycomb structure filled between the two first metal plates; the porous material energy absorption layer comprises two second metal plates and a porous metal material filled between the two second metal plates. The present invention has good dynamic performance and safety; and has a very light weight while ensuring sufficient strength and energy absorption by using aluminum alloy, titanium metal and porous metal.

Description

A hierarchical origami-shaped automobile collision energy absorption structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hierarchical origami-shaped automobile collision energy absorption structure

Background Art

With the rapid development of China's automobile industry and the substantial increase in the number of cars owned, the casualties and property losses caused by traffic accidents in my country are also increasing every year, and the passive safety performance of automobiles has therefore received more attention; at the same time, the environmental pollution problem brought about by industrial development is also becoming increasingly serious. Studies have shown that the fuel consumption of a car is closely related to its quality. For every 10% reduction in car quality, its fuel consumption will drop by 6-8%, and the carbon emissions will also decrease accordingly. Therefore, the lightweight design of the car will be of great significance.

The energy absorption box structure installed on the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the automobile is the main component of the automobile for absorbing collision energy. It absorbs collision energy by crushing and producing plastic deformation. At present, most automobile collision energy absorption structures are square or circular tube components. Although the structure is simple and the production cost is low, it is not ideal in terms of safety due to its high peak stress and low specific energy absorption. Other energy absorption structures with more complex structures have improved safety, but the production and maintenance costs are high. At the same time, the existing automobile collision energy absorption boxes are generally heavy in weight and do not meet the current automobile lightweight design requirements. Therefore, it is of great significance to design an automobile energy absorption structure with high total energy absorption, high energy absorption efficiency, light weight and simple structure for the safety, environmental protection and economy of the automobile.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a hierarchical origami-shaped automobile collision energy absorption structure.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

It includes a plurality of energy absorbing layers and origami-shaped induction tubes, wherein the origami-shaped induction tubes are metal tubes folded in a Z shape by using a Miura folding method to make metal sheets; adjacent energy absorbing layers are interconnected by the origami-shaped induction tubes; the plurality of energy absorbing layers include honeycomb energy absorbing layers and porous material energy absorbing layers that are coaxially distributed from top to bottom; the honeycomb energy absorbing layer includes two first metal plates and a metal material with a special-shaped honeycomb structure filled between the two first metal plates; the porous material energy absorbing layer includes two second metal plates and a porous metal material filled between the two second metal plates.

In another preferred embodiment, the metal material of the special-shaped honeycomb structure includes a plurality of interconnected honeycomb cells, the honeycomb cells include six metal plate feet, one end of each of the six metal plates is fixed together and arranged in a rotation array evenly spaced around the fixed point, the metal plate foot includes three folded surfaces that are bent vertically, horizontally, and folded at 90 degrees, and the cross-section of the metal plate foot is The cross section of the honeycomb cell is The other ends of the six metal plate feet of each honeycomb cell are respectively connected to the other ends of the metal plate feet of six adjacent honeycomb cells arranged around the honeycomb cell in a one-to-one correspondence.

In another preferred embodiment, the energy absorbing layer includes a first honeycomb energy absorbing layer, a second honeycomb energy absorbing layer and a porous material energy absorbing layer arranged from top to bottom, and the energy absorbing layers are interconnected through the origami-shaped induction tube.

In another preferred embodiment, the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer, the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer and the porous material energy absorbing layer are all annular columnar, the outer diameter of the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer is larger than the outer diameters of the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer and the porous material energy absorbing layer, and the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer has overlapping parts with the axial projections of the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer and the porous material energy absorbing layer.

In another preferred embodiment, the metal tube comprises a plurality of hexagonal aluminum alloy metal tubes connected in sequence, and the angle between the bottom surface and the side edge of the hexagonal prism is 50°.

In another preferred embodiment, the adjacent energy absorbing layers are connected to each other through four origami-shaped induction tubes evenly distributed between the adjacent energy absorbing layers.

In another preferred embodiment, the metal material of the honeycomb structure is made of aluminum alloy.

In another preferred embodiment, the two first metal plates and the two second metal plates are titanium metal plates.

In another preferred embodiment, the two first metal plates and the two second metal plates are respectively provided with openings distributed in an array.

In another preferred embodiment, the ring column is a regular hexagonal ring column.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are

1. By using the origami structure, the collision energy absorption structure has good dynamic performance. The induction tube of the origami structure can significantly increase the natural frequency of the structure. The increase in the natural frequency can effectively prevent the occurrence of structural instability and failure due to resonance. Its higher total energy absorption value and lower initial peak stress meet the design requirements of the automobile collision energy absorption structure. At the same time, the origami structure has excellent dynamic performance and can better cope with collisions occurring at low and high speeds, reducing maintenance costs. Through the hierarchical structural arrangement, it can reduce the structural peak stress, improve the structural specific energy absorption, and have higher safety.

2. The honeycomb cells of the special-shaped honeycomb structure have very obvious rotation characteristics. After the car is hit, when the collision energy is transmitted to the honeycomb structure through the titanium metal plate, it can absorb the collision energy very efficiently through crushing, rotating and stacking deformation. Compared with the ordinary hexagonal honeycomb structure, it has a higher specific energy absorption. The material used for the honeycomb structure is aluminum alloy, which has a low density and meets the requirements of lightweight design. At the same time, aluminum alloy is cheap, which can reduce the production cost of the structure.

3. The outer diameter of the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer is larger than that of the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer and the porous material energy absorbing layer. The layers are arranged from top to bottom in a "small-large-small" cross-sectional area, and the drum-shaped hierarchical structure allows the entire structure to have not only stacking crushing behavior but also obvious rotational deformation when a collision deformation occurs. The benefit of this behavior is that it reduces the peak stress of the structure and improves the specific energy absorption of the structure.

4. Adjacent energy absorbing layers are connected to each other through four origami-shaped induction tubes evenly distributed between adjacent energy absorbing layers to improve overall stability.

5. The metal tube and honeycomb structure are made of aluminum alloy with low density, which meets the requirements of lightweight design. At the same time, aluminum alloy is cheap, which can reduce the production cost of the structure.

6. Titanium metal has good low-temperature performance and high thermal strength, and can adapt to collisions in severe weather. The greater strength of the titanium plate can transfer the energy generated by the collision to the honeycomb structure in the middle, and the honeycomb structure absorbs most of the collision energy. At the same time, titanium metal has a low density, which meets the requirements of lightweight design.

7. Arranging openings in an array on the metal plate can further reduce the mass without affecting the mechanical properties of the structure.

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments; however, the hierarchical origami-shaped automobile collision energy absorption structure of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a top view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first honeycomb energy absorbing layer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG5 is a top view of a first metal plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of a special-shaped honeycomb structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a cross-sectional view of a honeycomb cell of a special-shaped honeycomb structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an origami-shaped induction tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG9 is a front view of an origami-shaped induction tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a hexagonal aluminum alloy metal tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of a porous material energy absorbing layer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a top view of a second metal plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 12, a hierarchical origami-shaped automobile collision energy absorption structure of the present invention comprises a first honeycomb energy absorption layer 10, a second honeycomb energy absorption layer 20 and a porous material energy absorption layer 30 which are coaxially distributed from top to bottom, and each energy absorption layer is connected to each other through four origami-shaped induction tubes 40. The origami-shaped induction tubes 40 are made of aluminum alloy metal sheets by cutting, shaping, stamping, gluing, trimming and other steps to form three sections of hexagonal aluminum alloy metal tubes connected in sequence. 41, the angle β between the bottom surface and the side edge of the hexagonal prism is 50°; the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer 10, the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer 20 and the porous material energy absorbing layer 30 are all regular hexagonal ring columns, the outer diameter of the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer 20 is larger than the outer diameters of the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer 10 and the porous material energy absorbing layer 30, and the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer 20 has overlapping parts with the axial projections of the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer 10 and the porous material energy absorbing layer 30, so that the energy absorbing structure as a whole is drum-shaped.

The first honeycomb energy absorbing layer 10 includes two first metal plates 11 and a special-shaped honeycomb structure 12 made of aluminum alloy filled between the two first metal plates 11. The first metal plate 11 is a titanium metal plate with array-distributed openings. The special-shaped honeycomb structure 12 includes a plurality of honeycomb cells connected to each other. The honeycomb cells include six metal plate feet. Each end of the six metal plates is fixed together and arranged in a rotation array at uniform intervals around the fixed point. The metal plate foot includes three folded surfaces that are bent vertically, horizontally, and folded at 90 degrees. The cross section of the metal plate foot is The cross section of the honeycomb cell is shape, the other ends of the six metal plate feet of each honeycomb cell are respectively connected to the other ends of each metal plate foot of six adjacent honeycomb cells arranged around the honeycomb cell, that is, any metal plate foot can be rotated around the fixed point by α=60° to overlap with the adjacent metal plate foot; the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer 20 is different from the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer 10 only in that its outer diameter is larger than that of the first honeycomb energy absorbing layer 10, therefore, the structure of the second honeycomb energy absorbing layer 20 is not repeated in this embodiment; the porous material energy absorbing layer 30 includes two second metal plates 31 and a porous metal material 32 filled between the two second metal plates 31, and the second metal plate 31 is a titanium metal plate with array-distributed openings.

The three energy-absorbing layers of this embodiment are arranged in a "small-large-small" order from top to bottom. The drum-shaped hierarchical structure is different from the traditional energy-absorbing box, which has a consistent columnar structure from top to bottom. When the entire structure is deformed by a collision, in addition to the stacking and crushing behavior, there is also a more obvious rotational deformation. The benefit brought by this behavior is that the peak stress of the structure is reduced, the specific energy absorption of the structure is improved, and it has higher safety. The origami-shaped induction tube 40 has a higher natural frequency, which can improve the stability of the entire structure and prevent the structural failure of the energy-absorbing structure due to resonance. At the same time, the origami-shaped induction tube 40 has good dynamic performance and can help To help the entire structure effectively cope with collisions under different conditions such as low speed and high speed, and reduce maintenance costs, the present embodiment adopts titanium metal, aluminum alloy and porous metal material 32, all of which have very low density and high strength, which can ensure that the energy-absorbing structure has sufficient strength and energy absorption while having a very light weight, meeting the purpose of lightweight design of automobiles. In addition, the various parts of the present embodiment are relatively independent, easy to replace, and have low maintenance costs. When part of the energy-absorbing structure is damaged, it can be repaired quickly and at a low cost, avoiding the troubles caused by the long maintenance cycle, and is not easy to cause waste of remaining materials. It has high economy and environmental protection.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to further illustrate a hierarchical origami-shaped automobile collision energy absorption structure of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above-mentioned embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a hierarchical paper folding form car collision energy-absorbing structure which characterized in that: the energy absorbing device comprises a plurality of energy absorbing layers and a paper folding type induction pipe, wherein the paper folding type induction pipe is a metal pipe which is formed by folding a metal sheet in a three-pump folding way and is folded in a Z shape; adjacent energy absorption layers are connected with each other through the paper folding induction pipe; the energy absorbing layers comprise honeycomb energy absorbing layers and porous material energy absorbing layers which are coaxially distributed from top to bottom; the honeycomb energy absorption layer comprises two first metal plates and a metal material with a special-shaped honeycomb structure, wherein the metal material is filled between the two first metal plates; the porous material energy absorption layer comprises two second metal plates and a porous metal material filled between the two second metal plates;

The metal material of the special-shaped honeycomb structure comprises a plurality of honeycomb cells which are connected with each other, the honeycomb cells comprise six metal plate feet, one ends of the six metal plates are fixedly connected together and are uniformly and alternately arranged in a rotary array around the fixedly connected point, the metal plate feet comprise three folding surfaces which are subjected to vertical-transverse-folding bending deformation at 90 degrees, and the cross section of the metal plate feet is The cross section of the honeycomb cell is shapedThe other ends of the six metal plate feet of each honeycomb cell are respectively connected with the other ends of the metal plate feet of six adjacent honeycomb cells distributed on the periphery of the honeycomb cell in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

the metal tube comprises a plurality of sections of hexagonal prism-shaped aluminum alloy metal tubes which are sequentially connected, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the hexagonal prism and the side edges is 50 degrees.

2. The hierarchical origami-like car crash energy absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the energy absorption layers comprise a first honeycomb energy absorption layer, a second honeycomb energy absorption layer and a porous material energy absorption layer which are arranged from top to bottom, and the energy absorption layers are connected with each other through the paper folding induction pipe.

3. The hierarchical origami-like car crash energy absorbing structure of claim 2, wherein: the first honeycomb energy-absorbing layer, the second honeycomb energy-absorbing layer and the porous material energy-absorbing layer are all in a ring column shape, the outer diameter size of the second honeycomb energy-absorbing layer is larger than that of the first honeycomb energy-absorbing layer and the porous material energy-absorbing layer, and the second honeycomb energy-absorbing layer is respectively overlapped with the projections of the first honeycomb energy-absorbing layer and the porous material energy-absorbing layer in the axial direction.

4. The hierarchical origami-like car crash energy absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the adjacent energy absorbing layers are connected with each other through 4 paper folding induction pipes which are uniformly distributed between the adjacent energy absorbing layers.

5. The hierarchical origami-like car crash energy absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the metal material of the honeycomb structure is made of aluminum alloy.

6. The hierarchical origami-like car crash energy absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the two first metal plates and the two second metal plates are titanium metal plates.

7. The hierarchical origami-like car crash energy absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein: the two first metal plates and the two second metal plates are respectively provided with openings distributed in an array.

8. A hierarchical origami-like car crash energy absorbing structure according to claim 3, wherein: the ring column is a regular hexagon ring column.