CN110620478A - Cooling device for rotating electric machine and rotating electric machine for driving vehicle - Google Patents
Cooling device for rotating electric machine and rotating electric machine for driving vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110620478A CN110620478A CN201910525906.8A CN201910525906A CN110620478A CN 110620478 A CN110620478 A CN 110620478A CN 201910525906 A CN201910525906 A CN 201910525906A CN 110620478 A CN110620478 A CN 110620478A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- cooling
- cooling device
- channels
- stator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- UJCHIZDEQZMODR-BYPYZUCNSA-N (2r)-2-acetamido-3-sulfanylpropanamide Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(N)=O UJCHIZDEQZMODR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001669680 Dormitator maculatus Species 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
- H02K9/197—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
A cooling device (2) for a rotating electrical machine (1), comprising two fluid channels (6, 7) through which a cooling fluid can be conducted in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine (1), respectively, wherein the cooling device (2) is provided to conduct the cooling fluid through the fluid channels (6, 7) in opposite orientations, wherein the fluid channels (6, 7) are arranged coaxially to each other and are thermally coupled to each other.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling device for a rotating electrical machine, comprising two fluid channels through which a cooling fluid can be guided in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine, wherein the cooling device is arranged to guide the cooling fluid through the fluid channels in opposite orientations.
The invention further relates to a rotating electrical machine for driving a vehicle.
Background
The electrical machine heats up during its operation due to electrical losses in its stator windings. Inadmissibly high heating can lead to thermal failure of the stator windings. In order to improve the utilization of the electric machine, in particular when used as a drive engine in a vehicle, cooling devices are used which dissipate heat.
Such a cooling device is known from document US 9,692,277B 2, which discloses a liquid cooling system for an integrated motor assembly. Here, the coolant flows through a plurality of stator cooling channels which extend and reverse circumferentially around the stator.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a more efficient cooling device for a rotating electric machine.
This object is achieved with a cooling device of the type mentioned at the outset according to the invention in that the fluid channels are arranged coaxially and thermally coupled to one another.
The invention is based on the following idea: the cooling fluid flows in the circumferential direction in opposite orientations through the inner and outer fluid channels at the axial position, so that the heat dissipation is also in opposite orientations. In consideration of the transient fluid dynamics of heat dissipation, therefore, the cold section of the inner fluid channel of at least some sections is situated opposite the hotter section of the outer fluid channel, and vice versa, which results in a more uniform temperature distribution in the circumferential direction in the steady state due to the thermal coupling of the cooling channels.
Advantageously, the use of the cooling device according to the invention enables a significantly stronger utilization of the electric machine without overheating, since the hottest region is significantly cooler with the cooling power according to the invention than with a conventional cooling device with the same cooling power and a more uniform temperature distribution. The efficiency of the electric machine can thus be adjusted or increased without overheating of its stator windings occurring. Furthermore, the lengthening of the cooling fluid flow by the two coaxial fluid channels achieves a larger heat transfer surface for heat dissipation.
The above-described effect is particularly pronounced when the angular position of the end of the first fluid channel and the angular position of the beginning of the second fluid channel are close to each other, for example at a distance of at most 90 °, preferably at most 45 °, particularly preferably at most 10 °, or even the same.
It is particularly preferred for the cooling device according to the invention that the cooling channel extends further in the axial direction than in the radial direction. The thermal coupling is then effected over a particularly large area. For typical electrical machines with a significant axial extension, the cooling channel can extend in the axial direction over the entire axial length of the stator of the electrical machine. For example, the fluid channel can extend only one turn around the motor and lead away from the motor at the beginning and/or end.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cooling device according to the invention has a reversing section interconnecting the fluid channels and configured to shift the orientation of the cooling fluid flow. In other words, the fluid channels are connected in series through the reversing segments. In this case, the angular position of the end of one of the fluid channels and the angular position of the beginning of the other fluid channel are therefore substantially identical. The cooling channels therefore have substantially the same average temperature when transitioning into the commutation segment. The temperature of the cooling fluid increases from a minimum temperature up to an average temperature on a periphery of one of the fluid passages when viewed in transient, while the temperature of the cooling fluid of the other fluid passage increases from an average temperature to a maximum temperature on a periphery when viewed in transient. A particularly uniform temperature distribution is thereby achieved in the steady state.
Alternatively, the fluid channels may be separated hydromechanically. The inlet of one of the fluid channels can then be in the vicinity of the outlet of the other fluid channel, wherein the fluid channels flow axially in parallel.
Advantageously, the cooling device according to the invention has a cylindrical separating element which separates the fluid channels radially from one another. In other words, the inner side of the separation element forms the outer limit of the inner fluid channel and the outer side of the separation element forms the inner limit of the outer fluid channel. The thermal coupling is achieved by means of the separating element.
In this case, the commutation segment can be formed by one or more through-openings in the separating element. The through-hole thus enables the cooling fluid flow to be able to pass from the side of the separating element delimiting the inner fluid channel to the side of the separating element delimiting the outer fluid channel or vice versa. The commutation element can thus be realized particularly simply.
The separating element may further comprise a sealing element extending axially along the separating element on both sides. The sealing element thus delimits the cooling duct and, if appropriate, the commutation segment in the circumferential direction.
Furthermore, the cooling device can comprise a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, wherein the fluid inlet is connected in a fluid-conducting manner to one of the fluid channels and the fluid outlet is connected in a fluid-conducting manner to the other fluid channel, wherein the separating element has a connecting element which passes through an outer one of the fluid channels and connects an inner one of the fluid channels in a fluid-conducting manner to the fluid inlet or to the fluid outlet.
Furthermore, a cylindrical outer housing element may be provided, the inner wall of which forms the outer limit of the outer one of the fluid channels; and a cylindrical inner housing member having an outer wall forming an inner limit of an inner one of the fluid passages, wherein the partition member is disposed between the inner housing member and the outer housing member. A modular construction of the cooling device can thus be achieved. In addition, an annular sealing element can be provided at the end sides of the housing element and the separating element, which sealing element delimits the cooling channel in the axial direction.
With the cooling device according to the invention, it can advantageously additionally be provided that a plurality of fluid guide elements are arranged within at least one fluid channel. This makes it possible to optimize the cooling fluid flow in terms of fluid mechanics.
Particularly preferably, the orientation of the flow guiding element relative to the cooling fluid flow tapers. The flow guiding element can have the shape of a drop, such as a NACA profile. A particularly low flow resistance is thereby achieved.
Preferably, the sets of axially arranged fluid guiding elements are arranged circumferentially one after the other. In this case, the groups are advantageously offset in the axial direction with respect to the groups adjacent in the circumferential direction.
The invention further relates to a rotating electrical machine for driving a vehicle, in particular an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising a stator and a cooling device according to the invention which surrounds the stator for cooling the stator. All embodiments for the cooling device according to the invention can be similarly transferred to the electric machine according to the invention, so that the above-mentioned advantages can also be achieved with it.
Drawings
Further advantages and details of the invention emerge from the exemplary embodiments described below and with the aid of the figures. These figures are schematic and show:
fig. 1 a cross section of an embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention with an embodiment of a cooling device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged portion II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged portion III of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the cooling device; and
fig. 5 is a perspective view of a separating element of the cooling device.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 3 are cross-sections of an embodiment of an electrical machine 1 according to the invention with an embodiment of a cooling device 2 according to the invention.
The motor 1 includes, in addition to the cooling device 2: a stator 3 thermally coupled to the cooling device 2 for cooling of the stator; a rotor 4 disposed inside the stator 3; and a shaft 5 connected to the rotor 4 in a rotationally fixed manner. The illustration of the stator 3, the rotor 4 and the shaft 5 is purely schematic.
The cooling device 2 comprises a first fluid channel 6 and a second fluid channel 7, through which cooling fluid can be conducted in the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1, respectively. The cooling device 2 is arranged to direct the cooling fluid through the fluid channels 6, 7 in opposite orientations.
In the enlarged view of part II of fig. 1 shown in fig. 2, arrow P1 shows a forward flow of cooling fluid through the inlet 8 into the first fluid channel 6, and arrow P2 shows a return flow of cooling fluid, which exits the second fluid channel 7 through the outlet 9. The cooling channels 6, 7 are arranged coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation of the electrical machine 1, wherein the first fluid channel 6 is an outer fluid channel and the second fluid channel 7 is an inner fluid channel. The cooling channels 6, 7 are thermally coupled to effect heat exchange of cooling fluid flowing successively through the cooling channels. The cooling channels extend over the entire axial extension of the stator 3, so that only the cooling channels 6, 7 are provided for the entire cooling fluid flow running in the circumferential direction.
In the enlarged view of section III of fig. 1 shown in fig. 3, the reversing section 10 of the cooling device 2 is shown in detail. The reversing section 10 connects the fluid channels 6, 7 to one another in a fluid-conducting manner and is configured to change the orientation of the cooling fluid flow. As is indicated by the arrow P3, the cooling fluid flows from the inlet 8 once almost completely in the first orientation circumferentially around the stator 3 and into the commutation segment 10. At this commutation segment, the orientation changes as shown by arrow P4, i.e. the fluid flow is turned approximately 180 °. From the commutation segment 10, the cooling fluid passes into the second fluid channel 7 and, as is indicated by the arrows, once again flows almost completely in a second orientation, opposite the first orientation, in the circumferential direction around the stator 3 and to the outlet 9.
The cooling device 2 has a sealing element 11 which separates the reversing section 10 on the one hand and the sections on the inlet side and the outlet side of the cooling channel on the other hand, i.e. the beginning of the first fluid channel 6 and the end of the second fluid channel 7, in a fluid-tight manner. The sealing element 11 thus forms a single-sided limitation of the cooling channels 6, 7 and a limitation of the commutation segment 10 in the circumferential direction.
The cooling device 2 furthermore has a cylindrical separating element 12, which separates the fluid channels 6, 7 radially from one another. The thermal coupling of the cooling channels 6, 7 is also achieved by the separating element 12. The outer side of the separation element 12 forms the inner limit of the first fluid channel 6 and the inner side of the separation element 12 forms the outer limit of the second fluid channel 7.
The sealing element 11 is constructed in one piece with the separating element 12 and thus extends in the axial direction on both sides of the separating element 12. The commutation segment 10 is formed by a plurality of through-openings 13 in the separating element 12, so that the cooling fluid can pass from the first fluid channel 6 through the through-openings 13 into the second fluid channel 7.
Furthermore, the separating element 12 has a connecting element 14 (see fig. 1 and 2) which passes through the first fluid channel 6 and connects the second fluid channel 7 with the fluid outlet 9. The connecting element 14 is molded as a tubular body onto the separating element 12 and establishes a fluid-conducting connection between the second fluid channel 7 and the outlet 9, which is separated in a fluid-tight manner from the first fluid channel 6.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the cooling device 2. The cooling device comprises, in addition to the separating element 12, an outer housing element 15, an inner housing element 16 and two annular sealing elements 17, 18.
The inner wall of the outer housing element 15 forms the outer limit of the first fluid passage 6. Furthermore, the inlet 8 and the outlet 9 are constructed in one piece with the outer housing element 15. Obviously, the inlet 8 and the outlet 9 are at the same axial position. The outer wall of the inner housing element 16 forms the inner limit of the second fluid passage 7. The cooling device 2 is thermally coupled to the stator 3 via the inner housing element 16, wherein the intermediate space visible in fig. 1 results solely from the representation of the stator 3.
The cooling device 2 is closed at the end by sealing elements 17, 18, which form the axial delimitations of the cooling channels 6, 7 and the reversing section 10. The cooling device 2 is thus constructed modularly to provide a two-pass cooling geometry for the electric machine 1.
It becomes clear from the above-described construction that not only "fresh", i.e. cold, cooling fluid is conducted into the first fluid channel 6 in the region of the inlet 8 and the outlet 9, but also the most heated cooling fluid is conducted out of the second fluid channel 7. The hottest cooling fluid temperature is therefore in direct thermal contact with the coldest cooling fluid temperature at this point, which makes a pronounced thermal equilibrium possible. Thus, there is an average temperature in the commutation segment 10. In the hydrodynamically stable state, a significantly more uniform temperature distribution is achieved than if only a single directional cooling device for the cooling fluid flow is provided.
The cooling device 2 furthermore has a plurality of flow guiding elements 19 arranged inside the first fluid channel 6 and a plurality of flow guiding elements 20 arranged inside the second fluid channel 7. In the exemplary embodiment described here, the fluid guide element 19 is formed integrally with the separating element 12, which is shown in a perspective view in fig. 5. The fluid guide element 19 is formed on the outside of the separating element 12 and the fluid guide element 20 is formed on the inside of the separating element 12.
A plurality of sets of axially side-by-side arranged fluid guiding elements 19, 20 are arranged circumferentially one after the other, wherein adjacent sets are axially offset from each other. The flow guiding elements 19, 20 have the shape of a NACA profile, wherein the flow guiding elements taper with respect to the orientation of the cooling fluid flow.
In fig. 5, the three through-openings 13 and the tubular connecting elements 14 forming the commutation segment 10 can also be clearly seen. Furthermore, the cooling device 2 has a conveying element, not shown in detail, which conveys the cooling fluid through the fluid channels 6, 7 in a closed cooling circuit.
Within the framework of the invention, simulations were performed with the above-described embodiment of the cooling device 2. In this case, the power loss of 2000W of the electric machine is used as a basis, which is output to the inner housing element 16 made of aluminum. The thermal coupling between the outer housing element 15, which is also formed from aluminum, and the surroundings is modeled in an adiabatic manner. As cooling fluid, use was made of antifreeze Glysantin G40 with a temperature of 20 ℃ at the inlet and a volume flow of 6 l/min.
Simulations have shown that the temperature of the outer housing element 15 does not exceed 29 ℃ in the axial center region. In this case, the temperature distribution is significantly more uniform than in a cooling device having only one fluid channel running in the circumferential direction. The cooling fluid temperature at the outlet was 26.03 ℃.
According to another embodiment, the inner fluid channel is connected with the inlet and the outer fluid channel is connected with the outlet.
According to another embodiment, the cooling channels are fluid-tightly separated, wherein for each fluid channel an inlet and an outlet are provided, and for the inner fluid channel two connecting elements are provided. The inlet and outlet of the fluid channel here replace the reversing section. The inlet and the outlet are arranged close to each other, preferably at the same angular position, for a temperature distribution which is as uniform as possible. The cooling device achieves different orientations of the cooling fluid flow by oppositely conveying parallel partial flows through the fluid channel.
Claims (10)
1. A cooling device (2) for a rotating electrical machine (1), comprising two fluid channels (6, 7) through which a cooling fluid can be guided in the circumferential direction of the electrical machine (1), respectively, wherein the cooling device (2) is arranged to guide the cooling fluid through the fluid channels (6, 7) in opposite orientations,
characterized in that the fluid channels (6, 7) are arranged coaxially and thermally coupled to each other.
2. The cooling arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the cooling channels (6, 7) extend further in an axial direction than in a radial direction, in particular over the entire axial extension of the stator (3) of the electrical machine (1).
3. The cooling device according to claim 1 or 2, having a reversing section (10) interconnecting the fluid channels (6, 7) and configured to shift the orientation of the cooling fluid flow.
4. A cooling device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a cylindrical separating element (12) which separates the fluid channels (6, 7) radially from each other.
5. Cooling device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the commutation segment (10) is constructed by one or more through holes (13) in the separating element (12).
6. A cooling device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the separation element (12) has a sealing element (11) extending axially along the separation element (12) on both sides.
7. Cooling device according to one of claims 4 to 6, having a fluid inlet (8) and a fluid outlet (9), wherein the fluid inlet (8) is connected in a fluid-conducting manner with one of the fluid channels (6) and the fluid outlet (9) is connected in a fluid-conducting manner with the other fluid channel (7), wherein the separating element (12) has a connecting element (14) which passes through an outer one (6) of the fluid channels and which connects an inner one (7) of the fluid channels in a fluid-conducting manner with the fluid inlet (8) or with the fluid outlet (9).
8. The cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 7, comprising: a cylindrical outer housing member (15) whose inner wall forms the outer limit of an outer one (6) of said fluid passages; and a cylindrical inner housing element (16) the outer wall of which forms the inner limit of an inner one (7) of said fluid channels, wherein said partition element (12) is arranged between said inner housing element (16) and said outer housing element (15).
9. Cooling arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of fluid guiding elements (19, 20) are arranged within at least one fluid channel (6, 7), wherein the fluid guiding elements (19, 20) taper with respect to the orientation of the cooling fluid flow in the fluid channel (6, 7).
10. A rotating electric machine (1) for driving a vehicle, comprising a stator (3) and a cooling device (2) according to any of the preceding claims, which surrounds the stator (3) for cooling the stator.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018114825.9A DE102018114825A1 (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2018-06-20 | Cooling device for a rotating electrical machine and rotating electrical machine for driving a vehicle |
| DE102018114825.9 | 2018-06-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110620478A true CN110620478A (en) | 2019-12-27 |
Family
ID=68805791
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910525906.8A Pending CN110620478A (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2019-06-18 | Cooling device for rotating electric machine and rotating electric machine for driving vehicle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110620478A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102018114825A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020107234A1 (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-09-23 | Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh | Cooling unit for an electrical machine and method for producing a cooling unit |
| DE102021100899A1 (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-21 | Witzenmann Gmbh | Housing arrangement, temperature-controlled electronic module with such and method for temperature-controlling an electronic module |
| FR3123522B1 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2023-11-10 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Housing for rotating electric machine and rotating electric machine |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1615569A (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2005-05-11 | 爱信艾达株式会社 | Drive device |
| EP1653592A2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-03 | Index-Werke Gmbh & Co. KG Hahn & Tessky | Drive for machine tools |
| CN103187831A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-03 | 株式会社电装 | Electric rotary machine |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9030063B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2015-05-12 | Tesla Motors, Inc. | Thermal management system for use with an integrated motor assembly |
| DE102011008945A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-19 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Liquid-cooled housing with end shield for electrical machine |
| US9337706B2 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2016-05-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Mechanically and electrically integrated module |
| DE102016110658A1 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-14 | Rainer Puls | Cooling housing for an electric motor |
-
2018
- 2018-06-20 DE DE102018114825.9A patent/DE102018114825A1/en active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-06-18 CN CN201910525906.8A patent/CN110620478A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1615569A (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2005-05-11 | 爱信艾达株式会社 | Drive device |
| EP1653592A2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-03 | Index-Werke Gmbh & Co. KG Hahn & Tessky | Drive for machine tools |
| CN103187831A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-03 | 株式会社电装 | Electric rotary machine |
| US20130169077A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | Denso Corporation | Electric rotary machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102018114825A1 (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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Application publication date: 20191227 |