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CN110627061A - Novel columnar activated carbon and production method thereof - Google Patents

Novel columnar activated carbon and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110627061A
CN110627061A CN201911017956.1A CN201911017956A CN110627061A CN 110627061 A CN110627061 A CN 110627061A CN 201911017956 A CN201911017956 A CN 201911017956A CN 110627061 A CN110627061 A CN 110627061A
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China
Prior art keywords
corn starch
coal
activated carbon
furnace
carbon
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CN201911017956.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王志斌
魏乖如
马小红
田仰才
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Ningxia Henghui Activated Carbon Co Ltd
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Ningxia Henghui Activated Carbon Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911017956.1A priority Critical patent/CN110627061A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/312Preparation
    • C01B32/318Preparation characterised by the starting materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/312Preparation
    • C01B32/336Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel columnar activated carbon and a production method thereof, and is characterized in that the columnar activated carbon mainly comprises the following components: washing clean coal proportion: 70-85% and coal tar pitch proportion: 15-30%, corn starch binder: 10-15%, the fineness of the coal powder is as follows: the 200-mesh passing rate is more than 80%, and the corn starch adhesive is edible corn starch, wherein the corn starch comprises the following components: the corn starch adhesive is prepared by mixing 65-70% of water and 30-35% of corn starch, uniformly stirring the water and the corn starch, and heating the mixture to be pasty by using steam for later use. In actual use, the novel adhesive has very good characteristics in meeting the requirements of VOCS emission on environmental protection, and the core is to achieve clean production of site environment.

Description

Novel columnar activated carbon and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the production technology of activated carbon, in particular to novel columnar activated carbon and a production method thereof.
Background
The active carbon is a porous solid carbon, the main component of which is carbon, and contains a small amount of elements such as oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine and the like, and the active carbon has strong adsorption performance and is an industrial adsorbent with wide application. The anthracite clean coal is produced by grinding, adding a bonding agent, stirring, forming, drying, carbonizing and activating. The activated carbon has irregular arrangement of microcrystalline carbon, pores are arranged between cross connections, carbon tissue defects can be generated during activation, the bulk density is low, the specific surface area is large, and the specific surface area of the common activated carbon is 500-1300m2Between/g. The product uses active carbon, desulfurated carbon, solvent recovery carbon, catalyst carrier carbon, water purification carbon, air purification carbon, protective carbon and high-efficiency adsorption carbon. The active carbon is an adsorbent which is prepared by taking a substance mainly containing carbon as a raw material and carrying out high-temperature carbonization and activation. The activated carbon contains a large number of micropores, has a huge specific surface area, can effectively remove chromaticity and odor, and can remove most organic pollutants and certain inorganic matters in secondary water, including some toxic heavy metals. The factors influencing the adsorption of the active carbon include the characteristics of the active carbon; the identity and concentration of the adsorbate; the pH of the wastewater; suspended solids content, etc.; contact systems and operating modes, etc. Activated carbon adsorption is the most important and most effective treatment technology in the high-level treatment of urban sewage and is widely transported.
The adhesive used for producing the active carbon at present is mainly tar, and the disadvantages of the tar are as follows: coal tar acts on the skin and may cause dermatitis, acne, folliculitis, phototoxic dermatitis, toxic melanoderma, wart and cancer, damage to nasal septum and corrosion of skin. The main components of the coal tar are benzene and toluene. Aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, naphthalene and anthracene, and various organic substances such as aromatic oxygenated compounds, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds can be divided into fractions in different Frot ranges by adopting a fractionation method. Coal tar is harmful to the environment, namely, the environment and the atmosphere. Danger of explosion, it is flammable and carcinogenic. The dangerous characteristic is that the steam and air can form explosive mixture, and when exposed to open fire, the mixture is easy to burn and explode due to high heat, and when the mixture is contacted with an oxidant, the mixture reacts violently, and when the mixture is exposed to high heat, the internal pressure of a container is increased, and the like, the danger of cracking and explosion is caused. At present, equipment and technology for producing activated carbon in China are continuously developed, the development is characterized by large scale and optimized structure, tar and other raw materials are mainly used as adhesives in stirring and forming, the tar is listed as a hazardous waste product by the nation, the VOCS exceeds the standard, and the waste gas emission standard exceeds the environmental protection requirement. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a novel activated carbon to solve the existing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that in the existing activated carbon production process, the coal tar is used as an adhesive to generate harmful and toxic substances, the tar and other raw materials are mainly used as the adhesive in stirring and forming, the tar is listed as a dangerous waste product by the state, the VOCS exceeds the standard, and the waste gas emission standard exceeds the environmental protection requirement, and provides the novel columnar activated carbon and the production method thereof. Greatly improve product quality, reduce energy consumption, improve staff operating environment, reduce staff's occupational disease, improve gas emission standard, reduce VOCS's emission, reach the environmental protection requirement.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a new columnar activated carbon and its production method, the said columnar activated carbon is mainly made up of: washing clean coal proportion: 70-85% and coal tar pitch proportion: 15-30%, corn starch binder: 10-15%, the fineness of the coal powder is as follows: the 200-mesh passing rate is more than 80 percent and no granular materials can appear.
Further, a new columnar activated carbon and a method for producing the same, the corn starch adhesive is edible corn starch, wherein the corn starch comprises the following components: the corn starch adhesive is prepared by mixing 65-70% of water and 30-35% of corn starch, uniformly stirring the water and the corn starch, and heating the mixture to be pasty by using steam for later use.
Further, a novel columnar activated carbon and a production method thereof, the production method comprising: grinding the raw materials into powder, and washing clean coal and asphalt according to the weight ratio of 70-85%: 15-30% proportion mixing is even, transports to the feed bin, through spiral delivery to milling machine, and the milling machine is when rotating, makes the powder with coal and pitch through rolling, the buggy fineness requires to be: the 200-mesh passing rate is more than 80 percent, and granular materials cannot be qualified; preparing an adhesive, mixing 65-70% of water and 30-35% of corn starch in percentage by weight, stirring uniformly, heating to paste by using steam, and adding into a kneading pot; mixing and molding, blowing the fine powder into a coal bunker by a fan through an air duct, conveying the fine powder into a metering tank in the coal bunker through a screw, feeding the fine powder into a kneading pot after weighing, simultaneously adding a prepared adhesive, and kneading the fine powder and the coal powder to form coal paste when the kneading pot rotates with the pot teeth, wherein the kneading time is controlled within the range of 15-20 minutes; pressing, drying and forming, wherein the coal paste is conveyed to a hydraulic press platform through a belt conveyor and is manually filled into a cylinder, the hydraulic press presses forming strips with different particle sizes according to production requirements, and the strength is improved and the moisture is reduced through drying, curing and forming; carbonizing, namely carbonizing the molding material with high volatility and low strength to low volatility and high strength in a carbonization rotary furnace at the temperature of 400-650 ℃, removing partial volatile substances in the carbon, and forming a preliminary void structure in the carbon to finish a carbonization process; activating, namely passing a carbonized material in an activating furnace through a preheating section, a supplementary carbonization section, an activating section and a cooling section, feeding the carbonized material from top to bottom in a product channel, controlling the discharging by using an automatic blanking device below, controlling the retention time of the activated carbon in the furnace, and controlling the adsorption performance of the activated carbon by controlling the activation time; in whole activation process, air flue and product are said two opposite directions, and the charcoal is said quiescent condition at the product, along with the glassware unloading down, makes indirect formula flow, and steam gets into the air flue and has 2 effects: firstly, energy is heated and transferred; ② activating the carbon. When high-temperature activated airflow mainly comprising water vapor flows in the air flue to contact with the carbon, so that the temperature of the carbon is raised, the upper parts of the two half furnaces of the activation furnace are respectively communicated with the two heat storage chambers, the lower parts of the two half furnaces are communicated with the two half furnaces through the lower connecting flue, the flow direction of the high-temperature activated airflow of the activation furnace activation half furnaces enters the side flue of one half furnace of the activation furnace body from the top of one heat storage chamber, the high-temperature activated airflow enters the lower part of the side flue from the upper part of the side flue, the high-temperature activated airflow enters the air flue of the furnace core from the lower part of the side flue and flows out from the upper part of the opposite side flue, and the rest is done in a similar way, enters the. In the semi-furnace, high-temperature activated gas flow enters the furnace core gas channel to contact with carbon to carry out activation reaction, and the semi-furnace introduced with steam is called as a cooling semi-furnace because the activation reaction absorbs energy. Since the steam is subjected to the activation reaction in this half-furnace, this half-furnace is also called activation half-furnace. According to the direct contact reaction of high-temperature steam and carbon in an activation section, a series of chemical reactions are generated:
C+H2O→CO+H2 C+2H2O→CO2+2H2
CO2+C→CO CO+H2O→CO2+H2
2H2+C→CH4 2H2+2C→2C2H2
through the reaction, the high-temperature activated gas flow flowing out of the activation semi-furnace contains a large amount of combustible gas, enters the lower connecting flue of the other semi-furnace of the activation furnace, flows through the furnace core air flue, enters the side flue, flows from the lower part of the side flue to the upper part of the side flue, and then enters the furnace core air flue, and the like, the high-temperature activated gas flow reaches the top of the semi-furnace, and enters the other heat storage chamber. In the half furnace, the side flue is supplied with air, oxygen in the air is contacted with combustible gas in the high-temperature activated gas flow in the side flue and is combusted to generate heat to heat the high-temperature activated gas flow, and the heated high-temperature activated gas flow heats the core gas passage, so that the half furnace is called as a heating half furnace and is rotated every half hour. The heating semi-furnace makes oxygen fully contact with combustible gas in high-temperature airflow, and the combustible gas in the high-temperature airflow is particularly rich, so that the following reactions are completed in a flue:
2CO+O2=2C02 CH4+2O2=2H2O+C02
2H2+O2=2H2O C2H4+3O2=2H2O+2C O2
CO+H2O→CO2+H2
the combustible gas in the heating half furnace fully reacts, enters the heat storage chamber through the upper connecting flue for heating, and is discharged from the bottom of the heat storage chamber. And (4) screening and packaging, finally screening the activated and cooled activated carbon by a vibrating screen, removing upper and lower line particles, packaging and warehousing to form a finished product.
In summary, the following beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the novel columnar activated carbon and the production method thereof have very good characteristics in the aspect of meeting the environmental protection requirement of VOCS emission by using the novel adhesive, and are core to clean production of site environment.
2. The invention relates to a novel columnar activated carbon and a production method thereof, and a novel adhesive used is edible corn starch: the energy is 18%, the carbohydrate is 29%, the sodium is 1%, the protein is 1%, the fat is 0%, the corn starch is dissolved by water, the paste is formed after the corn starch is heated by steam, the caking property is strong, and the coal powder and the paste corn starch are completely combined to form coal paste by stirring with the coal powder, so that the cost is greatly reduced, and the discharge of VOCS is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a novel columnar activated carbon and a method for producing the same, the columnar activated carbon mainly consists of: washing clean coal proportion: 70-85% and coal tar pitch proportion: 15-30%, corn starch binder: 10-15%, the fineness of the coal powder is as follows: the 200-mesh passing rate is more than 80 percent, no granular materials can be produced, and the corn starch adhesive is edible corn starch, wherein the corn starch comprises the following components: 18% of energy, 29% of carbohydrate, 1% of sodium, 1% of protein and 0% of fat, wherein the corn starch adhesive is formed by mixing 65-70% of water and 30-35% of corn starch, the water and the corn starch are uniformly stirred and heated to be pasty by steam for standby, and the production method comprises the following steps: the cleaned coal and the asphalt are 70-85% by weight: 15-30% proportion mixing is even, transports to the feed bin, through spiral delivery to milling machine, and the milling machine is when rotating, makes the powder with coal and pitch through rolling, the buggy fineness requires to be: the 200-mesh passing rate is more than 80 percent, and granular materials cannot be qualified; mixing 65-70 wt% of water and 30-35 wt% of corn starch, stirring, heating to paste with steam, and adding into kneading pot; blowing the fine powder into a coal bunker by a fan through an air duct, conveying the fine powder into a metering tank in the coal bunker through a screw, feeding the fine powder into a kneading pot after weighing, simultaneously adding a prepared adhesive, and kneading the adhesive and the fine powder to form coal paste by rotating the pot teeth in the kneading pot, wherein the kneading time is controlled within the range of 15-20 minutes; the coal paste is conveyed to a hydraulic press platform through a belt conveyor and is manually filled into a cylinder, the hydraulic press presses molding strips with different particle sizes according to production requirements, and the molding strips are dried, cured and molded to improve strength and reduce moisture; in the carbonization rotary furnace, the molding material with high volatility and low strength is carbonized to low volatility and high strength at the temperature of 400-650 ℃ in the furnace, partial volatile substances in the carbon are removed, and a preliminary void structure is formed in the carbon, thus finishing the carbonization process. The carbonized material passes through a preheating section, a supplementary carbonization section, an activation section and a cooling section in an activation furnace, the carbonized material is fed from top to bottom in a product channel, the discharging is controlled by an automatic feeder at the lower part, the retention time of the activated carbon in the furnace is controlled, and the adsorption performance of the activated carbon is controlled by controlling the activation time; in whole activation process, air flue and product are said two opposite directions, and the charcoal is said quiescent condition at the product, along with the glassware unloading down, makes indirect formula flow, and steam gets into the air flue and has 2 effects: firstly, energy is heated and transferred; ② activating the carbon. When high-temperature activated airflow mainly comprising water vapor flows in the air flue to contact with the carbon, so that the temperature of the carbon is raised, the upper parts of the two half furnaces of the activation furnace are respectively communicated with the two heat storage chambers, the lower parts of the two half furnaces are communicated with the two half furnaces through the lower connecting flue, the flow direction of the high-temperature activated airflow of the activation furnace activation half furnaces enters the side flue of one half furnace of the activation furnace body from the top of one heat storage chamber, the high-temperature activated airflow enters the lower part of the side flue from the upper part of the side flue, the high-temperature activated airflow enters the air flue of the furnace core from the lower part of the side flue and flows out from the upper part of the opposite side flue, and the rest is done in a similar way, enters the. In the semi-furnace, high-temperature activated gas flow enters the furnace core gas channel to contact with carbon to carry out activation reaction, and the semi-furnace introduced with steam is called as a cooling semi-furnace because the activation reaction absorbs energy. Since the steam is subjected to the activation reaction in this half-furnace, this half-furnace is also called activation half-furnace. The high-temperature activated gas flow flowing out of the activation semi-furnace contains a large amount of combustible gas, enters the lower connecting flue of the other semi-furnace of the activation furnace, flows through the furnace core air flue, enters the side flue, flows from the lower part of the side flue to the upper part of the side flue, and then enters the furnace core air flue, and the like, the high-temperature activated gas flow reaches the top of the semi-furnace and enters the other heat storage chamber. In the half furnace, the side flue is supplied with air, oxygen in the air is contacted with combustible gas in the high-temperature activated gas flow in the side flue and is combusted to generate heat to heat the high-temperature activated gas flow, and the heated high-temperature activated gas flow heats the core gas passage, so that the half furnace is called as a heating half furnace and is rotated every half hour. The heating semi-furnace is used for fully contacting oxygen with combustible gas in high-temperature airflow, the combustible gas in the high-temperature airflow is particularly rich, the combustible gas fully reacts through the heating semi-furnace, enters the regenerator through the upper connecting flue for heating, and is discharged from the bottom of the regenerator. And finally, screening the activated and cooled activated carbon by a vibrating screen, removing upper and lower line particles, packaging and warehousing to form a finished product.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A novel columnar activated carbon and a production method thereof are characterized in that the columnar activated carbon mainly comprises the following components: washing clean coal proportion: 70-85% and coal tar pitch proportion: 15-30%, corn starch binder: 10-15%, the fineness of the coal powder is as follows: the 200-mesh passing rate is more than 80 percent and no granular materials can appear.
2. A novel activated carbon in the form of cylinders and process for its production as claimed in claim 1, characterized by the fact that said corn starch binder is edible corn starch, wherein the composition of corn starch comprises: the corn starch adhesive is prepared by mixing 65-70% of water and 30-35% of corn starch, uniformly stirring the water and the corn starch, and heating the mixture to be pasty by using steam for later use.
3. A novel production method of columnar activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, grinding the raw materials into powder, and washing clean coal and asphalt according to the weight ratio of 70-85%: 15-30% proportion mixing is even, transports to the feed bin, through spiral delivery to milling machine, and the milling machine is when rotating, makes the powder with coal and pitch through rolling, the buggy fineness requires to be: the 200-mesh passing rate is higher than 80 percent, and the granular materials can not appear;
s2, preparing an adhesive, mixing 65-70 wt% of water and 30-35 wt% of corn starch, stirring uniformly, heating to be pasty by using steam, and adding into a kneading pot;
s3, mixing and forming, blowing the fine powder into a coal bunker by a fan through an air duct, conveying the fine powder into a metering tank in the coal bunker through a screw, feeding the fine powder into a kneading pot after weighing, simultaneously adding a prepared adhesive, and mixing and kneading the adhesive and the coal powder through the rotation of pot teeth in the kneading pot to form coal paste, wherein the kneading time is controlled within the range of 15-20 minutes;
s4, pressing, drying and forming, wherein the coal paste is conveyed to a hydraulic press platform through a belt conveyor and is manually filled into a cylinder, the hydraulic press presses forming strips with different particle sizes according to production requirements, and the strength is improved and the moisture is reduced through drying, curing and forming;
s5, carbonizing, namely carbonizing the molding material with high volatility and low strength to low volatility and high strength in a carbonization rotary furnace at the temperature of 400-650 ℃, removing partial volatile substances in the carbon to form a preliminary void structure in the carbon, and finishing the carbonization process;
s6, activating, namely passing the carbonized material in an activation furnace through a preheating section, a supplementary carbonization section, an activation section and a cooling section, feeding the carbonized material from top to bottom in a product channel, controlling the discharging by using an automatic blanking device below, controlling the retention time of the activated carbon in the furnace, and controlling the adsorption performance of the activated carbon by controlling the activation time;
and S7, screening and packaging, namely screening the activated and cooled activated carbon by a vibrating screen, removing upper and lower line particles, and packaging and warehousing to form a finished product.
CN201911017956.1A 2019-10-24 2019-10-24 Novel columnar activated carbon and production method thereof Pending CN110627061A (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111204760A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-05-29 太原市富鑫源工贸有限公司 High-molasses-value coal columnar granular activated carbon and preparation method thereof

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