CN110612301A - 具有含硫的苯基和吡啶基取代基的咪唑并嘧啶衍生物 - Google Patents
具有含硫的苯基和吡啶基取代基的咪唑并嘧啶衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110612301A CN110612301A CN201880030813.1A CN201880030813A CN110612301A CN 110612301 A CN110612301 A CN 110612301A CN 201880030813 A CN201880030813 A CN 201880030813A CN 110612301 A CN110612301 A CN 110612301A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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Abstract
具有式(I)的化合物,其中取代基是如在权利要求1中所定义的,以及那些化合物的农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体和N‑氧化物可以用作杀昆虫剂并且可按照本身已知的方式制备。
Description
本发明涉及包含硫取代基的杀有害生物活性(特别是杀昆虫活性)杂环衍生物、涉及其制备方法、涉及包含那些化合物的组合物、并且涉及它们用于控制动物有害生物(包括节肢动物并且特别是昆虫或蜱螨目的代表)的用途。
具有杀有害生物作用的杂环化合物是已知的并描述于例如WO 2015/000715中。现在已经发现新的具有含硫的苯基和吡啶基取代基的杀有害生物活性咪唑并嘧啶衍生物。
本发明因此涉及具有式I的化合物,
其中
A1是CH或N;
X是S、SO或SO2;
R1是C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基或C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基;
R2是卤素、羟基、巯基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基;
R3是氢、C1-C6烷基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、C3-C6卤代环烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧亚氨基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C6氰基烷基、氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、羟基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C6氰基卤代烷基、氨基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、羟基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰亚胺基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;
或者R3是可以部分饱和或完全饱和的四至六元杂环系统,所述环系统包含1至2个选自由氮、氧和硫组成的组的杂原子,并且所述环系统可以被选自由卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基和氧代组成的组的取代基单取代或多取代;其中所述硫能以0、1或2的氧化态存在;
R4是氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基;
R5是氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基;
以及该具有式I的化合物的农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体和N-氧化物。
具有至少一个碱性中心的具有式I的化合物可以例如与以下酸形成例如酸加成盐,这些酸为:强无机酸(例如矿物酸,例如高氯酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸或氢卤酸),强有机羧酸(例如未经取代的或像被卤素取代的C1-C4烷羧酸,例如乙酸(像饱和或不饱和的二羧酸),例如草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、马来酸、富马酸或邻苯二甲酸(像羟基羧酸),例如抗坏血酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸或柠檬酸,或像苯甲酸),或有机磺酸(例如未经取代的或像被卤素取代的C1-C4烷-或芳基磺酸,例如甲烷-或对甲苯磺酸)。具有至少一个酸性基团的具有式I的化合物可以例如与碱形成盐,例如矿物盐,例如碱金属或碱土金属盐,例如钠盐、钾盐或镁盐;或与氨或有机胺(例如吗啉,哌啶,吡咯烷,单、二或三低级烷基胺,例如乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺或二甲基丙基胺,或单、二或三羟基低级烷基胺,例如单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺或三乙醇胺)形成盐。
在取代基定义中出现的烷基基团可以是直链的或支链的,并且是例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、异丁基、叔丁基以及它们的支链异构体。
卤素通常是氟、氯、溴或碘。相应地,这还适用于结合其他含义的卤素,例如卤代烷基。
卤代烷基优选地具有从1至6个碳原子的链长。卤代烷基是例如氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2-氟乙基、2-氯乙基、五氟乙基、1,1-二氟-2,2,2-三氯乙基、2,2,3,3-四氟乙基或2,2,2-三氯乙基。
卤代烷基硫烷基基团优选地具有从1至4个碳原子的链长。卤代烷基硫烷基是例如二氟甲基硫烷基、三氟甲基硫烷基或2,2,2-三氟乙基硫烷基。类似的考虑适用于基团C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基和C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基,它们可以是例如三氟甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基或2,2,2-三氟乙基磺酰基。
烷氧基是例如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基或叔丁氧基。
卤代烷氧基基团优选具有从1至6个碳原子的链长。卤代烷氧基是例如二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基或2,2,2-三氟乙氧基。
C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基特别优选是具有附接至具有式I的化合物的氧原子的1-4个碳原子链长和附接至烷基链的C3-C6环烷基的化合物。C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基的典型实例是:
其中箭头表示与式I中的氧原子的附接点。
C3-C6烯基是例如烯丙基、丁-2-烯基、丁-3-烯基、2-甲基烯丙基或3-甲基丁-2-烯基。
C3-C6炔基是例如炔丙基、丁-2-炔基、丁-3-炔基或1,1-二甲基丙-2-炔基。
C3-C6卤代环烷基C1-C4烷基特别优选是具有附接至具有式I的化合物的氧原子的1-4个碳原子链长和附接至烷基链的C3-C6卤代环烷基的化合物。C3-C6卤代环烷基C1-C4烷基的典型实例是:
C1-C4烷氧基C1-C4烷基优选具有1至8个碳原子的链长。
C1-C4烷氧基C1-C4烷基是例如甲氧基甲基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基甲基、乙氧基乙基、正丙氧基甲基、正丙氧基乙基、异丙氧基甲基或异丙氧基乙基。
C1-C4烷氧亚氨基C1-C4烷基优选含有1至8个碳原子。C1-C4烷氧亚氨基C1-C4烷基是例如:
其中箭头表示与式I中的氧原子的附接点。
C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基基团含有1至8个碳原子。C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基基团的实例是甲基硫烷基、2-甲基硫烷基、1-甲基硫烷基、1,1-二甲基-2-甲基硫烷基、2-甲基-2-甲基硫烷基或1-甲基-1-甲基硫烷基。
C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基基团含有1至8个碳原子。C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基基团的实例是甲基亚磺酰基、2-甲基亚磺酰基、1-甲基亚磺酰基、1,1-二甲基-2-甲基亚磺酰基、2-甲基-2-甲基亚磺酰基或1-甲基-1-甲基亚磺酰基。
C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基基团优选含有1至8个碳原子。C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基基团的实例是甲基磺酰基、2-甲基磺酰基、1-甲基磺酰基、1,1-二甲基-2-甲基磺酰基、2-甲基-2-甲基磺酰基或1-甲基-1-甲基磺酰基。
C1-C6氰基烷基基团优选含有1-7个碳,包括氰基,并且例如是
其中箭头表示与式I中的氧原子的附接点。
C1-C6氰基卤代烷基基团如上定义,但是可以优选被1-9个卤素原子取代。
氨基羰基C1-C4烷基基团含有1-4个与氨基羰基基团附接的碳原子。氨基羰基C1-C4烷基的实例是:
其中箭头表示与式I中的氧原子的附接点。
氨基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基基团如上所述,但是可以在碳链中被1-9个卤素原子取代。
C1-C4烷基氨基羰基C1-C4烷基含有1-4个与C1-C4烷基氨基羰基基团附接的碳原子。C1-C4烷基氨基羰基C1-C4烷基的实例是;
其中箭头表示与式I中的氧原子的附接点。
二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基C1-C4烷基含有1-4个与二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基基团附接的碳原子。二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基C1-C4烷基的实例是;
其中箭头表示与式I中的氧原子的附接点。
羟基羰基C1-C4烷基基团含有1-4个与羟基羰基基团附接的碳原子。羟基羰基C1-C4烷基的实例是:
其中箭头表示与式I中的氧原子的附接点。
羟基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基如上所述,但是可以在碳链中被1-9个卤素原子取代。
C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4烷基基团通常是与C1-C4烷氧基羰基基团附接的C1-C4烷基。C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4烷基的实例是:
其中箭头表示与式I中的氧原子的附接点。
羟基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基如上所述,但是可以在碳链中被1-9个卤素原子取代。
C1-C4烷基磺酰基基团是例如甲基磺酰基、乙基磺酰基或异丙基磺酰基。
C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基是例如三氟甲基磺酰基、二氟甲基磺酰基、氟甲基磺酰基或五氟乙基磺酰基。
环烷基优选地具有从3至6个环碳原子,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基或环己基。
根据本发明,四至六元杂环系统(其可以部分饱和或完全饱和的,所述环系统包含1至2个选自由氮、氧和硫组成的组的杂原子)取决于环成员的数目是例如选自下组,该组由以下杂环基团组成:
氧杂环丁烷-3-基、氧杂环丁烷-2-基、硫杂环丁烷-3-基、硫杂环丁烷-2-基、1-氧代硫杂环丁烷-3-基、1,1-二氧代硫杂环丁烷-3-基、氮杂环丁烷-3-基、四氢呋喃-2-基、四氢呋喃-3-基、四氢噻吩-3-基、四氢噻吩-2-基、1-氧代硫杂环戊烷-3-基、1-氧代硫杂环戊烷-2-基、1,1-二氧代硫杂环戊烷-3-基、1,1-二氧代硫杂环戊烷-2-基、4,5-二氢异噁唑基、吡咯烷基、[1,3]二氧戊环基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、[1,4]二噁烷基、咪唑烷基、[1,3,5]噁二嗪基、六氢嘧啶基、[1,3,5]三嗪基和吗啉基。
在本发明的上下文中,取代基定义中的“单到多取代的”典型地是指,取决于取代基的化学结构,单取代的到四次取代的,优选是单取代的到三次取代的,更优选是单或二取代的。
自由基表示甲基基团。
根据本发明的具有式I的化合物还包括在盐形成期间可能形成的水合物。
根据本发明的具有式I的化合物还包括在盐形成期间可能形成的水合物。
具有式I的化合物的优选的组由具有式I-1的化合物表示
A1是CH或N;
X是S、SO或SO2;
R1是C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基或C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基;
R2是卤素、羟基、巯基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基;
R3是氢、C1-C6烷基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、C3-C6卤代环烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧亚氨基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C6氰基烷基、氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、羟基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C6氰基卤代烷基、氨基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、羟基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰亚胺基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;
或者R3是可以部分饱和或完全饱和的四至六元杂环系统,所述环系统包含1至2个选自由氮、氧和硫组成的组的杂原子,并且所述环系统可以被选自由卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基和氧代组成的组的取代基单取代或多取代,其中所述硫能以0、1或2的氧化态存在;和
R4和R5独立地是氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基。
在具有式I-1的化合物的所述优选的组中,
R1优选是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基;
R2优选是C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基或C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;并且X优选是SO2;和
R4和R5优选是氢。
尤其优选的具有式I-1的化合物是以下那些,其中R1是乙基,并且X是SO2。
具有式I的化合物的另一个优选的组由具有式I-2的化合物表示
其中A1、X、R1、和R2是在上式I下定义并且R3是如在式I-1下定义。在具有式I-2的化合物的所述优选的组中,
R1优选是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基;
R2优选是C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基或C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;并且X优选是SO2。
尤其优选的具有式I-2的化合物是以下那些,其中R1是乙基,并且X是SO2。
具有式I-2的化合物的更优选的组由具有式I-2a的化合物表示
其中X、R1、和R2是在上式I下定义并且R3是如在式I-1下定义。
在具有式I-2a的化合物的所述优选的组中,
R1优选是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基;
R2优选是C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基或C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;并且X优选是SO2。
尤其优选的具有式I-2a的化合物是以下那些,其中R1是乙基,并且X是SO2。
具有式I-2的化合物的另一个更优选的组由具有式I-2b的化合物表示
其中X、R1、和R2是在上式I下定义并且R3是如在式I-1下定义。
在具有式I-2b的化合物的所述优选的组中,
R1优选是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基;
R2优选是C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基或C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;并且X优选是SO2。
尤其优选的具有式I-2b的化合物是以下那些,其中R1是乙基,并且X是SO2。
具有式I的化合物的进一步优选的组由具有式I-3的化合物表示
其中A1、X、R1和R2是如在上式I下定义。
在具有式I-3的化合物的所述优选的组中,
R1优选是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基;
R2优选是C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基或C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;并且X优选是SO2。
尤其优选的具有式I-3的化合物是以下那些,其中R1是乙基,并且X是SO2。
具有式I的化合物的另一个优选的组由具有式I-4的化合物表示
其中A1、X、R1和R2是如在上式I下定义。
在具有式I-4的化合物的所述优选的组中,
R1优选是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基;
R2优选是C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基或C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;并且X优选是SO2。
尤其优选的具有式I-4的化合物是以下那些,其中R1是乙基,并且X是SO2。
在特别优选的具有式I的化合物中,
R1是C1-C4烷基,优选地是乙基;
R2是C1-C4卤代烷基,优选是三氟甲基;
A1是CH或N;
X是S或SO2;并且
R3是可以被C1-C4烷基单取代的氧杂环丁烷基,或者是可以被氰基取代的C1-C4烷基,或者是C3-C6炔基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、C3-C6环烷基-C1-C4烷基、二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基-C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷基硫代-C1-C4烷基;优选是可以被C1-C4烷基单取代的氧杂环丁烷基、C1-C4烷基、二乙基氨基羰基-C1-C4卤代烷基、甲氧基-C1-C4烷基、甲基硫代-C1-C4烷基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2,2-二氟乙基、炔丙基或环丙基-C1-C4烷基。
在另一个特别优选的具有式I的化合物中,
R1是C1-C4烷基,优选地是乙基;
R2是C1-C4卤代烷基,优选是三氟甲基;
A1是CH或N;
X是S或SO2;并且
R3是可以被C1-C4烷基单取代的氧杂环丁烷基,或者是可以被氰基取代的C1-C4烷基,或者是C3-C6炔基、C3-C6环烷基-C1-C4烷基、二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基-C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷基硫代-C1-C4烷基;
优选是可以被C1-C4烷基单取代的氧杂环丁烷基、C1-C4烷基、二乙基氨基羰基-C1-C4卤代烷基、甲氧基-C1-C4烷基、甲基硫代-C1-C4烷基、炔丙基或环丙基-C1-C4烷基。
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、X和A1的优选值以其任何组合如下所示:
优选地,R1是C1-C4烷基或C3-C6环烷基-C1-C4烷基。
更优选地,R1是C1-C4烷基或环丙基甲基。
甚至更优选地,R1是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基。
最优选地R1是乙基。
优选地,R2是C1-C2卤代烷基、卤代甲基硫烷基、卤代甲基亚磺酰基或卤代甲基磺酰基。
更优选地,R2是C1-C2氟代烷基、三氟甲基硫烷基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基或三氟甲基磺酰基。
甚至更优选地,R2是三氟甲基、五氟乙基、三氟甲基硫烷基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基或三氟甲基磺酰基。
最优选地,R2是三氟甲基、五氟乙基或三氟甲基硫烷基。
优选地,R3是C1-C4氰基烷基、C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基。
更优选地,R3是C1-C4氰基烷基、C1-C2烷基硫烷基C1-C2烷基、C1-C2烷基亚磺酰基C1-C2烷基或C1-C2烷基磺酰基C1-C2烷基。
甚至更优选地,R3是C1-C3氰基烷基、甲基硫烷基C1-C2烷基、甲基亚磺酰基C1-C2烷基或甲基磺酰基C1-C2烷基。
最优选地,R3是-CH(CH3)CN、-C(CH3)2CN、甲基硫烷基甲基、甲基硫烷基乙基、甲基亚磺酰基甲基、甲基亚磺酰基乙基、甲基磺酰基甲基或甲基磺酰基乙基。
优选地,R4是氢。
优选地,R5是氢。
优选地X是S或SO2。
最优选地X是SO2。
优选地,A1是N。
如下所述,提供了根据本发明的实施例。
实施例1提供了如上所定义的具有式I的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物。
实施例2提供了根据实施例1所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R1是C1-C4烷基或C3-C6环烷基-C1-C4烷基。
实施例3提供了根据实施例1或2所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R2是C1-C2卤代烷基、卤代甲基硫烷基、卤代甲基亚磺酰基或卤代甲基磺酰基。
实施例4提供了根据实施例1、2或3中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R3是C1-C4氰基烷基、C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基。
实施例5提供了根据实施例1、2、3、或4中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R1是C1-C4烷基或环丙基甲基。
实施例6提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、或5中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R2是C1-C2氟代烷基、三氟甲基硫烷基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基或三氟甲基磺酰基。
实施例7提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、或6中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R3是C1-C4氰基烷基、C1-C2烷基硫烷基C1-C2烷基、C1-C2烷基亚磺酰基C1-C2烷基或C1-C2烷基磺酰基C1-C2烷基。
实施例8提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、或7中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R1是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基。
实施例9提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7或8中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R2是三氟甲基、五氟乙基、三氟甲基硫烷基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基或三氟甲基磺酰基。
实施例10提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R3是C1-C3氰基烷基、甲基硫烷基C1-C2烷基、甲基亚磺酰基C1-C2烷基或甲基磺酰基C1-C2烷基。
实施例11提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中X是S或SO2。
实施例12提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或11中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R1是乙基。
实施例13提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R2是三氟甲基、五氟乙基或三氟甲基硫烷基。
实施例14提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12或13中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R3是-CH(CH3)CN、-C(CH3)2CN、甲基硫烷基甲基、甲基硫烷基乙基、甲基亚磺酰基甲基、甲基亚磺酰基乙基、甲基磺酰基甲基或甲基磺酰基乙基。
实施例15提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13或14中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中X是SO2。
实施例16提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14或15中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R4是氢。
实施例17提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15或16中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R5是氢。
实施例18提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16或17中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中A1是N。
实施例19提供了根据实施例1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16或17中任一项所述的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中A1是CH。
根据本发明的用于制备具有式I的化合物的工艺通过本领域的技术人员已知的方法进行。具有式I-a3的化合物(其中X是SO2,并且A1、R1、R2、R3、R4和R5是如在上式I下所定义的)可以通过氧化具有式I-a2的化合物(其中X是SO,并且A1、R1、R2、R3、R4和R5是如在上式I下所定义的)进行制备。该反应可以用例如过酸(如过乙酸或间氯过苯甲酸)、或氢过氧化物(例如像过氧化氢或叔丁基氢过氧化物)、或无机氧化剂(如单过氧二硫酸盐或高锰酸钾)的试剂进行。以类似方式,具有式I-a2的化合物(其中A1、R1、R2、R3、R4和R5是如上式I下所定义的)可以在如上所述的类似条件下通过氧化具有式I-a1的化合物(其中X是S,并且A1、R1、R2、R3、R4和R5是如上式I下所定义的)进行制备。这些反应可以在与这些条件相容的各种有机或水性溶剂中,以从低于0℃高至溶剂体系的沸点的温度进行。具有式I-a1的化合物向具有式I-a2和I-a3的化合物的转化在方案1中表示。
方案1
具有式I的化合物可以通过各种方法由具有式II的化合物(其中X、A1、R1和R2如式I下所定义,并且Xa1是卤素,优选是I、Br或Cl或OTf)制备(方案2)。例如,具有式I的化合物可以通过在碱(例如氢化钠、K2CO3、或Cs2CO3)的存在下,在惰性溶剂(例如THF、DMF或乙腈)中用具有通式V的烷基化试剂(其中Xa2优选是Br、I或OTf,并且R3在式I下定义)处理由具有式IV的化合物(其中X、A1、R1和R2是如在式I下所定义)获得,以得到具有式I的化合物。这样的烷基化反应是本领域技术人员众所周知的。
方案2
具有式IV的化合物可通过具有式II的化合物的宫浦硼化(Miyura borylation)获得。具有式III的中间体(其中A1、X、R1和R2是如式I下定义并且BL2代表硼酸衍生物,优选是4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)可以通过在钯催化的反应中用双频哪醇二硼烷(BPin)2处理具有式II的化合物而获得。该反应可以在质子惰性溶剂中,在作为该类型反应的常用催化剂的碱(优选弱碱如乙酸钾KOAc和Pd(dppf)Cl2)存在下进行。该反应的温度优选地在0℃和反应混合物的沸点之间。可以通过用氧化剂(优选过氧化氢或其脲络合物)处理,将获得的具有式III的中间体转化为具有式IV的化合物。具有式II的化合物也可以通过在25℃-100℃之间的温度下,在质子惰性溶剂(例如乙腈或DMF)中,在碱(例如碳酸钾或碳酸铯)存在下,任选地在钯催化剂(例如RockPhos-G3-环钯配合物([(2-二-叔-丁基膦基-3-甲氧基-6-甲基-2′,4′,6′-三异丙基-1,1′-联苯基)-2-(2-氨基联苯基)]甲磺酸钯(II)))存在下与(E)-苯甲醛肟的反应而转化为具有式IV的化合物。如此获得的具有式IV的化合物通过如前所述的烷基转化被转化为具有式I的化合物。此类反应在文献中是熟知的并且已经描述于例如Ang.Che.Int.Ed[德国应用化学国际版].56,(16)4478-4482,2017中。
方案3中示出了具有式I的化合物的进一步合成。
方案3:
如反应方案3所示,具有式VI的化合物可以通过在碱(例如碳酸铯或碳酸钾)的存在下,任选地在钯预催化剂(如RockPhos Pd G3)存在下,在惰性溶剂(例如DMF或乙腈)中,在0℃-150℃的温度下,用苯甲醛肟(VII)处理而转化为具有式VIII的化合物。这类反应已经描述于Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.[德国应用化学国际版]2017,56,4478中。然后,具有式VIII的化合物可以通过在碱(例如氢化钠、K2CO3或Cs2CO3)存在下,在惰性溶剂(例如THF、DMF或乙腈)中与具有式V的化合物进行烷基化而转化为化合物IX。可以用例如溴和氢溴酸在乙酸中的混合物(如在Phosphorus,Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements,2013,188(12),1835-1844[磷、硫和硅及相关元素,2013,188(12),1835-1844]中所述的)或用例如溴化铜(II),在惰性溶剂(例如氯仿、乙酸乙酯等等)(如在J.Med.Chem.,2013,56(1),84-96[药物化学杂志,2013,56(1),84-96]中所述的)处理将具有式IX的化合物转化为具有式X的化合物(其中A1、R1、X、R3是如在式I中描述并且Xa4是卤素)。制备此类化合物的另一种程序涉及在惰性溶剂(例如THF或环戊基甲基醚)中,在10℃-80℃之间的温度下用苯基三甲基过溴化铵处理具有式IX的化合物。此类反应已经由De Kimpe描述于e-EROS Encyclopediaof Reagents for Organic Synthesis[e-EROS有机合成试剂大全],1-2,2001。具有式XI的化合物(其中R2是如式I中描述)与具有式X的化合物(其中Xb4是卤素并且X、A1、R1和R3是如上所定义)在惰性溶剂(例如乙醇或乙腈)中,任选地在合适的碱(如氧化镁)存在下,在80℃-150℃之间的温度下进行反应,得到具有式I的化合物。该反应可以任选地在微波中进行。这样的反应很好地描述于文献中,例如WO 2016/107742和WO 2016/071214。
在极性质子惰性溶剂(如乙腈或二甲基甲酰胺)中,在环境温度下,用卤化剂(如N-氯代琥珀酰胺、N-溴代琥珀酰胺、或N-碘代琥珀酰胺)卤化具有式I的化合物(其中R4是氢)产生具有式Ib的化合物
其中R1、R2、X、R3、A1和R5如在式(I)中描述,并且R4是卤素。具有式Ib的化合物可以与化合物R4a-Yb1(其中Yb1是硼衍生的官能团,例如B(OH)2或B(ORb4)2(其中Rb4可以是C1-C4烷基基团或者两个基团ORb4可以与硼原子一起形成五元环,例如频哪醇硼酸酯))在钯催化剂存在下进行反应,得到具有式Ic的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、A1、和X是如式I中所定义并且R4a是C1-C4烷基)。该反应通常在碱(例如碳酸钾、碳酸铯、或磷酸钾)的存在下,在惰性溶剂(如二噁烷)中,任选地在水的存在下,使用钯(0)催化剂(例如四(三苯基膦)钯)在80℃-120℃之间的温度下进行。这样的铃木反应在文献中有很好的先例,参见例如Masuda,Naoyuki等人,WO 2012133607。该化学方法在方案4中说明。
方案4
方案5说明了具有式1的化合物(其中R5是卤素或C1-C4烷基)的进一步制备。
方案5.
如方案5所示,将具有式IV的化合物(其中R1、R2、R4、A1和X如在式I中所定义)在碱的存在下在惰性溶剂(例如乙腈)中用例如碘进行卤化,得到具有式I的化合物(其中R5是碘)。具有式IVa的化合物可以通过如先前方案2中所述与具有式V的化合物进行烷基化而转化为具有式Id的化合物。具有式Id的化合物可以通过用化合物R5a-Yb2(其中Yb2是硼衍生的官能团,例如B(OH)2或B(ORb4)2(其中Rb4可以是C1-C4烷基基团或者两个基团ORb4可以与硼原子一起形成五元环,例如频哪醇硼酸酯))在钯催化剂存在下进行处理而转化为具有式Ie的化合物,由此得到具有式Ie的化合物(其中R1、R2、R3、A1、和X是如式I中所定义并且R5a是C1-C4烷基)。该反应通常如先前在方案4中所述在碱(例如碳酸钾、碳酸铯、或磷酸钾)的存在下,在惰性溶剂(如二噁烷)中,任选地在水的存在下,使用钯(0)催化剂(例如四(三苯基膦)钯)在80℃-120℃之间的温度下进行。
具有式Ⅱ的化合物是已知的,并且合成已经描述于例如WO WO 2016/071214和WO2015/000715中。
具有式III的化合物
是已知的,可商购的,或者可以通过WO 2016/107742或WO 2016/071214中所述的方法制备。
具有式III的化合物
其中R1、R2、X和A1如上式I下所定义,并且
基团-B(-L)-L表示B(OH)2或所述基团(其中箭头表示与苯基或吡啶基环的附接点)
是新颖的,特别地研发用于制备具有式I的化合物并且因此构成本发明的另一个目的。具有式I的化合物的取代基的优选的实施例对具有式III的化合物也是有效的。
反应物可以在碱的存在下反应。合适的碱的实例是碱金属或碱土金属氢氧化物、碱金属或碱土金属氢化物、碱金属或碱土金属酰胺、碱金属或碱土金属醇盐、碱金属或碱土金属乙酸盐、碱金属或碱土金属碳酸盐、碱金属或碱土金属二烷基酰胺或碱金属或碱土金属烷基甲硅烷基酰胺、烷基胺、亚烷基二胺、游离的或N-烷基化的饱和或不饱和的环烷基胺、碱性杂环、氢氧化铵以及碳环胺。可提及的实例是氢氧化钠、氢化钠、氨基钠、甲醇钠、乙酸钠、碳酸钠、叔丁醇钾、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、氢化钾、二异丙基氨基锂、双(三甲基甲硅烷基)氨基钾、氢化钙、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、三亚乙基二胺、环己胺、N-环己基-N,N-二甲基胺、N,N-二乙基苯胺、吡啶、4-(N,N-二甲基氨基)吡啶、奎宁环、N-甲基吗啉、苄基三甲基氢氧化铵和1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯(DBU)。
反应物可以原样相互反应,即不添加溶剂或稀释剂。然而,在大多数情况下,添加惰性溶剂或稀释剂或这些物质的混合物是有利的。如果反应在碱存在下进行,则过量使用的碱如三乙胺、吡啶、N-甲基吗啉或N,N-二乙基苯胺也可用作溶剂或稀释剂。
该反应有利地是在从约-80℃至约+140℃,优选从约-30℃至约+100℃的温度范围内,在许多情况下在环境温度与约+80℃之间的范围内进行。
具有式I的化合物能以本身已知的方式转化为另一种具有式I的化合物,这是通过以常规方式将具有式I的起始化合物的一个或多个取代基用根据本发明的另一个或其他一个或多个取代基的替代来实现的。
取决于所选的适合各自情况的反应条件以及起始材料,有可能例如,在一个反应步骤中仅将一个取代基用根据本发明的另一个取代基替代,或者在同一个反应步骤中可以将多个取代基用多个根据本发明的其他取代基来替代。
具有式I的这些化合物的盐能以本身已知的方式进行制备。因此,例如,具有式I的化合物的酸加成盐是通过用合适的酸或合适的离子交换剂试剂进行处理来获得的,并且与碱的盐是通过用合适的碱或用合适的离子交换剂试剂进行处理来获得的。
具有式I的化合物的盐能以常规方式转化为游离的化合物I、酸加成盐(例如通过用合适的碱性化合物或用合适的离子交换剂试剂进行处理)以及与碱的盐(例如通过用合适的酸或用合适的离子交换剂试剂进行处理)。
具有式I的化合物的盐能以本身已知的方式转化为具有式I的化合物的其他盐、酸加成盐,例如转化成其他酸加成盐,例如通过在合适的溶剂中用酸的合适的金属盐(如钠、钡或银的盐,例如用乙酸银)来处理无机酸的盐(如盐酸盐),在该溶剂中,所形成的无机盐(例如氯化银)是不溶的并且因此从该反应混合物中沉淀出。
取决于程序或反应条件,具有成盐特性的这些具有式I的化合物能以游离形式或盐的形式获得。
取决于分子中存在的不对称碳原子的数目、绝对和相对构型和/或取决于分子中存在的非芳香族双键的构型,具有式I的化合物和适当时其互变异构体(在每种情况下呈游离形式或呈盐形式)可以以可能的异构体之一的形式或作为这些的混合物存在,例如以纯异构体的形式,如对映体和/或非对映体,或作为异构体混合物,如对映异构体混合物,例如外消旋体、非对映体混合物或外消旋体混合物存在;本发明涉及纯异构体以及还有所有可能的异构体混合物,并且在上文和下文中在每种情况下都应如此理解,即使当立体化学细节未在每种情况下明确提及时。
呈游离形式或呈盐形式的具有式I的化合物的非对映异构体混合物或外消旋体混合物(它们的获得可以取决于已选定的起始材料和程序)能够在这些组分的物理化学差异的基础上,例如通过分步结晶、蒸馏和/或色谱法以已知的方式分离成纯的非对映异构体或外消旋体。
能够以类似方式获得的对映异构体混合物(如外消旋体)可以通过已知方法拆分成光学对映体,例如通过从光学活性溶剂再结晶;通过在手性吸附剂上的色谱法,例如在乙酰纤维素上的高效液相色谱法(HPLC);借助于适合的微生物,通过用特异性固定化酶裂解;通过形成包含化合物,例如使用手性冠醚,其中仅一个对映异构体被络合;或通过转化成非对映异构体的盐,例如通过使碱性最终产物外消旋体与光学活性酸(如羧酸,例如樟脑酸、酒石酸或苹果酸,或磺酸,例如樟脑磺酸)反应,并且分离能够以此方式获得的非对映异构体混合物,例如基于其不同溶解度通过分步结晶,从而获得非对映异构体,从所述非对映异构体可以通过合适的试剂(例如碱性试剂)的作用使所希望的对映异构体变成游离的。
纯的非对映异构体或对映异构体能根据本发明来获得,不仅是通过分离适合的异构体混合物,还可以是通过通常已知的非对映立体选择性或对映选择性合成的方法,例如通过根据本发明用具有适合的立体化学的起始材料进行该方法。
可以通过使具有式I的化合物与适合的氧化剂(例如H2O2/尿素加合物)在酸酐(例如三氟乙酸酐)的存在下进行反应来制备N-氧化物。此类氧化从文献中,例如从J.Med.Chem.[药物化学杂志],32(12),2561-73,1989或WO 00/15615中是已知的。
如果单个组分具有不同的生物活性,则有利的是在每一情况下分离或合成生物学上更有效的异构体,例如对映异构体或非对映异构体或异构体混合物,例如对映异构体混合物或非对映异构体混合物。
如果适当的话,具有式I的化合物和适当时其互变异构体(在每种情况下呈游离形式或呈盐形式)还能以水合物的形式获得和/或包括其他溶剂,例如可以用于使以固体形式存在的化合物结晶的那些。
下表1、2和3的化合物可以根据以上所描述的方法制备。以下实例旨在说明本发明并示出具有式I的优选化合物。
表X:此表披露了具有式I的65个取代基定义X.001至X.065:
其中R2、A1、R1和R3定义如下:
表X:
以及表X化合物的N-氧化物。Me代表甲基基团;Et是乙基基团;i-Pr是异丙基基团;cPr是环丙基基团、C(O)OMe是甲氧基羰基基团;MeO是甲氧基基团;并且MeOCH2是甲氧基甲基基团。
表1:该表披露了65种具有式I的化合物1.001至1.065,其中X是S,R2、A1、R1和R3如表X中定义。例如,化合物1.003具有以下结构:
表2:该表披露了65种具有式I的化合物2.001至2.065,其中X是SO,并且R2、A1、R1和R3如表X中定义。例如,化合物2.017具有以下结构:
表3:该表披露了65种具有式I的化合物3.001至3.065,其中X是SO2,并且R2、A1、R1和R3如表X中定义。例如,化合物3.060具有以下结构:
根据本发明的具有式I的化合物在有害生物控制领域中是有预防和/或治疗价值的活性成分,即使是在低的施用量下,它们具有非常有利的杀生物谱并且是温血物种、鱼以及植物良好耐受的。根据本发明的这些活性成分作用于正常敏感的以及还有抗药的动物有害生物(如昆虫或蜱螨目的代表)的所有的或个别的发育阶段。根据本发明的活性成分的杀昆虫或杀螨活性可以本身直接显示,亦即或者立即或者仅在过去一些时间之后(例如在蜕皮期间)发生对有害生物的破坏;或间接显示,例如降低产卵和/或孵化率。
上述动物有害生物的实例是:
来自蜱螨目,例如
下毛瘿螨属(Acalitus spp.)、针刺瘿螨属(Aculus spp)、窄瘿螨属(Acaricalusspp.)、瘤瘿螨属(Aceria spp.)、粗脚粉螨(Acarus siro)、钝眼蜱属(Amblyomma spp.)、锐缘蜱属(Argas spp.)、牛蜱属(Boophilus spp.)、短须螨属(Brevipalpus spp.)、苔螨属(Bryobia spp)、上三节瘿螨属(Calipitrimerus spp.)、皮螨属(Chorioptes spp.)、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssus gallinae)、表皮螨属(Dermatophagoides spp)、始叶螨属(Eotetranychus spp)、瘿螨属(Eriophyes spp.)、半跗线螨属(Hemitarsonemus spp)、璃眼蜱属(Hyalomma spp.)、硬蜱属(Ixodes spp.)、小爪螨属(Olygonychus spp)、钝缘蜱属(Ornithodoros spp.)、侧多食跗线螨(Polyphagotarsone latus)、全爪螨属(Panonychusspp.)、桔芸锈螨(Phyllocoptruta oleivora)、植食螨(Phytonemus spp.)、跗线螨属(Polyphagotarsonemus spp)、痒螨属(Psoroptes spp.)、扇头蜱属(Rhipicephalusspp.)、根嗜螨属(Rhizoglyphus spp.)、疥螨属(Sarcoptes spp.)、狭跗线螨属(Steneotarsonemus spp)、跗线属(Tarsonemus spp.)以及叶螨属(Tetranychus spp.);
来自虱目,例如
血虱属(Haematopinus spp.)、长颚虱属(Linognathus spp.)、人虱(Pediculusspp.)、天疱疮属(Pemphigus spp.)以及木虱(Phylloxera spp.);
来自鞘翅目,例如
缺隆叩甲属(Agriotes spp.)、欧洲鳃角金龟(Amphimallon majale)、东方异丽金龟(Anomala orientalis)、花象属(Anthonomus spp.)、蜉金龟属(Aphodius spp)、玉米拟花萤(Astylus atromaculatus)、Ataenius属、甜菜隐食甲(Atomaria linearis)、甜菜胫跳甲(Chaetocnema tibialis)、萤叶甲属(Cerotoma spp)、单叶叩甲属(Conoderus spp)、根颈象属(Cosmopolites spp.)、绿金龟(Cotinisnitida)、象虫属(Curculio spp.)、圆头犀金龟属(Cyclocephala spp)、圆头犀金龟属(Dermestes spp.)、根萤叶甲属(Diabroticaspp.)、阿根廷兜虫(Diloboderus abderus)、食植瓢虫属(Epilachna spp.)、Eremnus属、黑异爪蔗金龟(Heteronychus arator)、咖啡果小蠹(Hypothenemus hampei)、Lagriavilosa、马铃薯甲虫(Leptinotarsa decemLineata)、稻水象属(Lissorhoptrus spp.)、Liogenys属、Maecolaspis属、栗色绒金龟(Maladera castanea)、美洲叶甲亚种(Megascelis spp)、油菜花露尾甲(Melighetes aeneus)、金龟属(Melolontha spp.)、Myochrous armatus、锯谷盗属(Orycaephilus spp.)、耳喙象属(Otiorhynchus spp.)、鳃角金龟属(Phyllophaga spp.)、斑象属(Phlyctinus spp.)、丽金龟属(Popillia spp.)、油菜跳甲属(Psylliodes spp.)、Rhyssomatus aubtilis、劫根蠹属(Rhizopertha spp.)、金龟子科(Scarabeidae)、米象属(Sitophilus spp.)、麦蛾属(Sitotroga spp.)、伪切根虫属(Somaticus spp.)、Sphenophorus属、大豆茎象(Sternechus subsignatus)、拟步行虫属(Tenebrio spp.)、拟谷盗属(Tribolium spp.)以及斑皮蠹属(Trogoderma spp.);
来自双翅目,例如
伊蚊属(Aedes spp.)、疟蚊属(Anopheles spp)、高梁芒蝇(Antherigonasoccata.)、橄榄果实蝇(Bactrocea oleae)、花园毛蚊(Bibio hortulanus)、迟眼蕈蚊属(Bradysia spp.)、红头丽蝇(Calliphora erythrocephala)、小条实蝇属(Ceratitisspp.)、金蝇属(Chrysomyia spp.)、库蚊属(Culex spp.)、黄蝇属(Cuterebra spp.)、寡鬃实蝇属(Dacus spp.)、地种蝇属(Delia spp)、黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)、厕蝇属(Fannia spp.)、胃蝇属(Gastrophilus spp.)、Geomyza tripunctata、舌蝇属(Glossinaspp.)、皮蝇属(Hypoderma spp.)、虱蝇属(Hyppobosca spp.)、斑潜蝇属(Liriomyzaspp.)、绿蝇属(Lucilia spp.)、潜蝇属(Melanagromyza spp.)、家蝇属(Musca spp.)、狂蝇属(Oestrus spp.)、瘿蚊属(Orseolia spp.)、瑞典麦秆蝇(Oscinella frit)、藜泉蝇(Pegomyia hyoscyami)、草种蝇属(Phorbia spp.)、绕实蝇属(Rhagoletis spp)、Riveliaquadrifasciata、Scatella属、蕈蚊属(Sciara spp.)、刺蝇属(Stomoxys spp.)、虻属(Tabanus spp.)、绦虫属(Tannia spp.)以及大蚊属(Tipula spp.);
来自半翅目,例如
瘤缘蝽(Acanthocoris scabrator)、绿蝽属、苜蓿盲蝽、Amblypeltanitida、海虾盾缘蝽(Bathycoelia thalassina)、土长蝽属、臭虫属、Clavigralla tomentosicollis、盲蝽属(Creontiades spp.)、可可瘤盲蝽、Dichelops furcatus、棉红蝽属、Edessa属、美洲蝽属(Euchistus spp.)、六斑菜蝽(Eurydema pulchrum)、扁盾蝽属、茶翅蝽、具凹巨股长蝽(Horciasnobilellus)、稻缘蝽属、草盲蝽属、热带硕蚧属、卷心菜斑色蝽(Murgantiahistrionic)、Neomegalotomus属、烟盲蝽(Nesidiocoris tenuis)、绿蝽属、拟长蝽(Nysiussimulans)、Oebalus insularis、皮蝽属、壁蝽属、红猎蝽属、可可盲蝽象、Scaptocoriscastanea、黑蝽属(Scotinophara spp.)、Thyanta属、锥鼻虫属、木薯网蝽(Vatigailludens);
无网长管蚜属、Adalges属、Agalliana ensigera、Agonoscena targionii、粉虱属(Aleurodicus spp.)、刺粉虱属(Aleurocanthus spp.)、甘蔗穴粉虱、软毛粉虱(Aleurothrixus floccosus)、甘蓝粉虱(Aleyrodes brassicae)、棉叶蝉(Amarascabiguttula)、Amritodus atkinson、肾圆盾蚧属、蚜科、蚜属、蚧属(Aspidiotus spp.)、茄沟无网蚜、Bactericera cockerelli、小粉虱属、短尾蚜属(Brachycaudus spp.)、甘蓝蚜、喀木虱属、双尾蚜(Cavariella aegopodii Scop.)、蜡蚧属、褐圆蚧、网籽草叶圆蚧、Cicadella属、大白叶蝉(Cofana spectra)、隐瘤蚜属、Cicadulina属、褐软蚧、玉米黄翅叶蝉、裸粉虱属、柑橘木虱、麦双尾蚜、西圆尾蚜属、小绿叶蝉属、苹果绵蚜、葡萄斑叶蝉属、蜡蛤属、赤桉木虱(Glycaspis brimblecombei)、菜缢管蚜、大尾蚜属(Hyalopterus spp.)、超瘤蚜种、檬果绿叶蝉(Idioscopus clypealis)、Jacobiasca lybica、灰飞虱属、球坚蚧、蛎盾蚧属、萝卜蚜(Lopaphis erysimi)、Lyogenys maidis、长管蚜属、Mahanarva属、蛾蜡蝉科(Metcalfa pruinosa)、麦无网蚜、Myndus crudus、瘤蚜属、台湾韭蚜、黑尾叶蝉属、褐飞虱属(Nilaparvata spp.)、梨大绿蚜、Odonaspis ruthae、寄生甘蔗绵蚜、杨梅缘粉虱、考氏木虱、片盾蚧属、瘿绵蚜属、玉米蜡蝉、扁角飞虱属、忽布疣蚜、根瘤蚜属、动性球菌属、白盾蚧属、粉蚧属、棉盲蝽(Pseudatomoscelis seriatus)、木虱属、棉蚧(Pulvinariaaethiopica)、笠圆盾蚧属、Quesada gigas、电光叶蝉(Recilia dorsalis)、缢管蚜属、黑盔蚧属、带叶蝉属、二叉蚜属、麦蚜属(Sitobion spp.)、白背飞虱、苜蓿膜翅角蝉(Spissistilus festinus)、条斑飞虱(Tarophagus Proserpina)、声蚜属、粉虱属、Tridiscus sporoboli、葵粉蚧属(Trionymus spp.)、非洲木虱、桔矢尖蚧、Zyginaflammigera、Zyginidia scutellaris;
来自膜翅目,例如
顶切叶蚁属(Acromyrmex)、三节叶蜂属(Arge spp.)、布切叶白蚁属(Atta spp.)、茎叶蜂属(Cephus spp.)、松叶蜂属(Diprion spp.)、锯角叶蜂科(Diprionidae)、松叶蜂(Gilpinia polytoma)、梨实蜂属(Hoplocampa spp.)、毛蚁属(Lasius spp.)、小黄家蚁(Monomorium pharaonis)、新松叶蜂属(Neodiprion spp.)、农蚁属(Pogonomyrmex spp)、Slenopsis invicta、水蚁属(Solenopsis spp.)以及胡蜂属(Vespa spp.);
来自等翅目,例如
家白蚁属(Coptotermes spp)、白蚁(Corniternes cumulans)、楹白蚁属(Incisitermes spp)、大白蚁属(Macrotermes spp)、澳白蚁属(Mastotermes spp)、小白蚁属(Microtermes spp)、散白蚁属(Reticulitermes spp.);热带火蚁(Solenopsisgeminate)
来自鳞翅目(Lepidoptera),例如,
长翅卷蛾属、褐带卷蛾属、透翅蛾属、地夜蛾属、棉叶虫、Amylois属、黎豆夜蛾、黄卷蛾属、银蛾属(Argyresthia spp.)、带卷蛾属、丫纹夜蛾属、棉潜蛾、玉米楷夜蛾、粉斑螟蛾、桃蛀果蛾、禾草螟属、卷叶蛾属、越蔓桔草螟(Chrysoteuchia topiaria)、葡萄果蠹蛾、卷叶螟属、云卷蛾属、纹卷蛾属、鞘蛾属、磷翅目粉蝶、Cosmophila flava、草螟属、大菜螟、苹果异形小卷蛾、黄杨木蛾、小卷蛾属、黄杨绢野螟、杆草螟属、苏丹棉铃虫、金刚钻属、非洲茎螟、粉螟属、叶小卷蛾属(Epinotia spp.)、细斑灯蛾、Etiella zinckinella、花小卷蛾属、环针单纹蛾、黄毒蛾属、切根虫属、Feltia jaculiferia、小食心虫属(Grapholitaspp.)、绿青虫蛾、实夜蛾属、菜螟、切叶野螟属(Herpetogramma spp.)、美国白蛾、番茄蠹蛾、Lasmopalpus lignosellus、旋纹潜叶蛾、潜叶细蛾属、葡萄花翅小卷蛾、Loxostegebifidalis、毒蛾属、潜蛾属、幕枯叶蛾属、甘蓝夜蛾、烟草天蛾、光腹夜蛾属(Mythimnaspp.)、夜蛾属、秋尺蛾属、Orniodes indica、欧洲玉米螟、超小卷蛾属、褐卷蛾属、小眼夜蛾、蛀茎夜蛾、Pectinophora gossypiela、咖啡潜叶蛾、一星黏虫、马铃薯麦蛾、菜粉蝶、粉蝶属、小菜蛾、芽蛾属、尺叶蛾属、薄荷灰夜蛾、西方豆地香(Richia albicosta)、白禾螟属(Scirpophaga spp.)、蛀茎夜蛾属、长须卷蛾属、灰翅夜蛾属、棉大卷叶螟、兴透翅蛾属、异舟蛾属、卷叶蛾属、粉纹夜蛾、番茄斑潜蝇、以及巢蛾属;
来自食毛目(Mallophaga),例如,
畜虱属(Damalinea spp.)和啮毛虱属(Trichodectes spp.);
来自直翅目(Orthoptera),例如,
蠊属(Blatta spp.)、小蠊属(Blattella spp.)、蝼蛄属(Gryllotalpa spp.)、马德拉蜚蠊(Leucophaea maderae)、飞蝗属(Locusta spp.)、北痣蟋蟀(Neocurtillahexadactyla)、大蠊属(Periplaneta spp.)、痣蟋蟀属(Scapteriscus spp.)、以及沙漠蝗属(Schistocerca spp.);
来自啮虫目(Psocoptera),例如,
虱啮属(Liposcelis spp.);
来自蚤目(Siphonaptera),例如,
角叶蚤属(Ceratophyllus spp.)、栉头蚤属(Ctenocephalides spp.)以及开皇客蚤(Xenopsylla cheopis);
来自缨翅目(Thysanoptera),例如,
Calliothrips phaseoli、花蓟马属(Frankliniella spp.)、阳蓟马属(Heliothrips spp)、褐带蓟马属(Hercinothrips spp.)、单亲蓟马属(Parthenothripsspp.)、非洲桔硬蓟马(Scirtothrips aurantii)、大豆蓟马(Sericothrips variabilis)、带蓟马属(Taeniothrips spp.)、蓟马属(Thrips spp);
来自缨尾目(Thysanura),例如,衣鱼(Lepisma saccharina)。
根据本发明的活性成分可用于控制、也就是遏制或破坏上述类型的有害生物,这些有害生物特别出现在植物上,尤其是在农业中、在园艺中以及在林业中的有用的植物和观赏植物上,或者在这些植物的器官上,例如果实、花、叶、茎、块茎或根,并且在一些情况下,甚至在一个随后的时间点形成的植物器官仍保持受保护以抵抗这些有害生物。
特别地,适宜的目标作物是,谷物,如小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、稻、玉米或高梁;甜菜,如糖用甜菜或饲料甜菜;水果,例如梨果、核果或无核小果,如苹果、梨、李子、桃、杏、樱桃或浆果,例如草莓、覆盆子或黑莓;豆科作物,如菜豆、小扁豆、豌豆或大豆;油料作物,如油菜、芥菜、罂粟、橄榄、向日葵、椰子、蓖麻、可可豆或落花生;瓜类作物,如南瓜、黄瓜或甜瓜;纤维植物,如棉花、亚麻、大麻或黄麻;柑橘类水果,如橙子、柠檬、葡萄柚或橘子;蔬菜,如菠菜、莴苣、芦笋、卷心菜、胡萝卜、洋葱、番茄、马铃薯或灯笼椒;樟科,如鳄梨、肉桂或樟脑;以及还有烟草、坚果、咖啡、茄子、甘蔗、茶、胡椒、葡萄藤、蛇麻草、车前草科以及乳胶植物。
本发明的组合物和/或方法还可以用在任何观赏植物和/或蔬菜作物(包括花、灌木、阔叶树和常绿植物)上。
例如,本发明可以用于任何以下观赏植物物种:藿香蓟属、假面花属(Alonsoaspp.)、银莲花属、南非葵、春黄菊属、金鱼草属、紫菀属、秋海棠属(例如丽格海棠、四季秋海棠、球根秋海棠(B.tubéreux))、叶子花属、雁河菊属(Brachycome spp.)、芸苔属(观赏植物)、蒲包草属、辣椒、长春花、美人蕉属、矢车菊属、菊属、瓜叶菊属(银叶菊)、金鸡菊属、青锁龙(Crassula coccinea)、火红萼距花(Cuphea ignea)、大丽花属、翠雀属、荷包牡丹、彩虹菊属(Dorotheantus spp.)、洋桔梗、连翘属、倒挂金钟属、鼠曲草老颧草(Geraniumgnaphalium)、大丁草属、千日红、天芥菜属、向日葵属、木槿属、绣球花属、绣球属、嫣红蔓、凤仙花属(非洲凤仙花)、血苋属(Iresines spp.)、伽蓝菜属、马缨丹、三月花葵、狮耳花、百合属、日中花属、沟酸浆属、美国薄荷属、龙面花属、万寿菊属、石竹属(康乃馨)、美人蕉属、酢浆草属、雏菊属、天竺葵属(盾叶天竺葵、马蹄纹天竺葵)、堇菜属(三色堇)、碧冬茄属、草夹竹桃属、香茶菜属(Plecthranthus spp.)、一品红属、爬山虎属(五叶爬山虎、爬山虎)、报春花属、毛茛属、杜鹃花属、蔷薇属(玫瑰)、黄雏菊属、非洲堇属、鼠尾草属、紫扇花(Scaevola aemola)、蛾蝶花(Schizanthus wisetonensis)、景天属、茄属、苏非尼亚矮牵牛属(Surfinia spp.)、万寿菊属、烟草属、马鞭草属、百日草属以及其他花坛植物。
例如,本发明可以用于任何以下蔬菜物种:葱属(大蒜、洋葱、火葱(A.oschaninii)、韭葱、小葱、大葱)、有喙欧芹、旱芹、芦笋、甜菜、芸苔属(甘蓝、大白菜、芜菁)、辣椒、鹰嘴豆、苦苣、菊苣属(菊苣、苦苣)、西瓜、黄瓜属(黄瓜、甜瓜)、南瓜属(西葫芦、印度南瓜)、菜蓟属(朝鲜蓟、刺苞菜蓟)、胡萝卜、茴香、金丝桃属、莴苣、番茄属(番茄、樱桃番茄)、薄荷属、罗勒、香芹、菜豆属(菜豆、荷包豆)、豌豆、萝卜、食用大黄、迷迭香属、鼠尾草属、黑婆罗门参、茄子、菠菜、新缬草属(莴苣缬草、V.eriocarpa)以及蚕豆。
优选的观赏植物物种包括非洲堇(African violet)、秋海棠属、大丽花属、大丁草属、绣球属、马鞭草属、蔷薇属、伽蓝菜属、一品红属、紫菀属、矢车菊属、金鸡菊属、翠雀属、美国薄荷属、草夹竹桃属、黄雏菊属、景天属、碧冬茄属、堇菜属、凤仙花属、老鹳草属、菊属、毛茛属、倒挂金钟属、鼠尾草属、绣球花属、迷迭香、鼠尾草、圣约翰草(St.Johnswort)、薄荷(mint)、甜椒(sweet pepper)、番茄和黄瓜(cucumber)。
根据本发明的这些活性成分尤其适合于控制棉花、蔬菜、玉米、水稻以及大豆作物上的扁豆蚜、黄瓜条叶甲、烟芽夜蛾、桃蚜、小菜蛾以及海灰翅夜蛾。根据本发明的这些活性成分另外尤其适合于控制甘蓝夜蛾(优选地在蔬菜上)、苹果蠹蛾(优选地在苹果上)、小绿叶蝉(优选地在蔬菜、葡萄园里)、马铃薯叶甲(优选地在马铃薯上)以及二化螟(优选地在水稻上)。
根据本发明的这些活性成分尤其适合于控制棉花、蔬菜、玉米、水稻以及大豆作物上的扁豆蚜、黄瓜条叶甲、烟芽夜蛾、桃蚜、小菜蛾以及海灰翅夜蛾。根据本发明的这些活性成分另外尤其适合于控制甘蓝夜蛾(优选地在蔬菜上)、苹果蠹蛾(优选地在苹果上)、小绿叶蝉(优选地在蔬菜、葡萄园里)、马铃薯叶甲(优选地在马铃薯上)以及二化螟(优选地在水稻上)。
在另一方面中,本发明还可涉及一种控制由植物寄生线虫(内寄生的-、半内寄生的-和外寄生线虫)对植物及其部分的损害的方法,尤其是以下植物寄生线虫,如根结线虫(root knot nematodes)、北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)、花生根结线虫(Meloidogyne arenaria)以及其他根结线虫物种;孢囊形成线虫(cyst-formingnematodes)、马铃薯金线虫(Globodera rostochiensis)以及其他球孢囊线虫属(Globodera)物种;禾谷孢囊线虫(Heterodera avenae)、大豆孢囊线虫(Heteroderaglycines)、甜菜孢囊线虫(Heterodera schachtii)、红三叶异皮线虫(Heteroderatrifolii)、以及其他异皮线虫属(Heterodera)物种;种瘿线虫(Seed gall nematodes)、粒线虫属(Anguina)物种;茎及叶面线虫(Stem and foliar nematodes)、滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchoides)物种;刺毛线虫(Sting nematodes)、长尾刺线虫(Belonolaimuslongicaudatus)以及其他刺线虫属(Belonolaimus)物种;松树线虫(Pine nematodes)、松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)以及其他伞滑刃属(Bursaphelenchus)物种;环形线虫(Ring nematodes)、环线虫属(Criconema)物种、小环线虫属(Criconemella)物种、轮线虫属(Criconemoides)物种、中环线虫属(Mesocriconema)物种;茎及鳞球茎线虫(Stemand bulb nematodes)、腐烂茎线虫(Ditylenchus destructor)、鳞球茎茎线虫(Ditylenchus dipsaci)以及其他茎线虫属(Ditylenchus)物种;维线虫(Awl nematodes)、锥线虫属(Dolichodorus)物种;螺旋线虫(Spiral nematodes)、多头螺旋线虫(Heliocotylenchus multicinctus)以及其他螺旋线虫属(Helicotylenchus)物种;鞘及鞘形线虫(Sheath and sheathoid nematodes)、鞘线虫属(Hemicycliophora)物种以及半轮线虫属(Hemicriconemoides)物种;潜根线虫属(Hirshmanniella)物种;支线虫(Lancenematodes)、冠线虫属(Hoploaimus)物种;假根结线虫(false rootknot nematodes)、珍珠线虫属(Nacobbus)物种;针状线虫(Needle nematodes)、横带长针线虫(Longidoruselongatus)以及其他长针线虫属(Longidorus)物种;大头针线虫(Pin nematodes)、短体线虫属(Pratylenchus)物种;腐线虫(Lesion nematodes)、花斑短体线虫(Pratylenchusneglectus)、穿刺短体线虫(Pratylenchus penetrans)、弯曲短体线虫(Pratylenchuscurvitatus)、古氏短体线虫(Pratylenchus goodeyi)以及其他短体线虫属物种;柑桔穿孔线虫(Burrowing nematodes)、香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)以及其他内侵线虫属(Radopholus)物种;肾状线虫(Reniform nematodes)、罗柏氏盘旋线虫(Rotylenchusrobustus)、肾形盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus reniformis)以及其他盘旋线虫属(Rotylenchus)物种;盾线虫属(Scutellonema)物种;短粗根线虫(Stubby root nematodes)、原始毛刺线虫(Trichodorus primitivus)以及其他毛刺线虫属(Trichodorus)物种、拟毛刺线虫属(Paratrichodorus)物种;矮化线虫(Stunt nematodes)、马齿苋矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus claytoni)、顺逆矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus dubius)以及其他矮化线虫属(Tylenchorhynchus)物种;柑桔线虫(Citrus nematodes)、穿刺线虫(Tylenchulus)物种;短剑线虫(Dagger nematodes)、剑线虫属(Xiphinema)物种;以及其他植物寄生线虫物种,如亚粒线虫属(Subanguina spp.)、根结线虫属(Hypsoperine spp.)、大刺环线虫属(Macroposthonia spp.)、矮化线虫属(Melinius spp.)、刻点胞囊属(Punctodera spp.)、以及五沟线虫属(Quinisulcius spp.)。
本发明所述的化合物还具有针对软体动物的活性。其实例包括例如福寿螺科;蛞蝓科(Arion)(黑蛞蝓(A.ater)、环状蛞蝓(A.circumscriptus)、棕阿勇蛞蝓(A.hortensis)、红蛞蝓(A.rufus));巴蜗牛科(Bradybaenidae)(灌木巴蜗牛(Bradybaenafruticum));葱蜗牛属(Cepaea)(花园葱蜗牛(C.hortensis)、森林葱蜗牛(C.Nemoralis));ochlodina;野蛞蝓属(Deroceras)(野灰蛞蝓(D.agrestis)、D.empiricorum、光滑野蛞蝓(D.laeve)、网纹野蛞蝓(D.reticulatum));圆盘螺属(Discus)(圆形圆盘蜗牛(D.rotundatus));Euomphalia;土蜗属(Galba)(截口土蜗(G.trunculata));小蜗牛属(Helicelia)(伊塔拉小蜗牛(H.itala)、布维小蜗牛(H.obvia));大蜗牛科(Helicidae)(Helicigona arbustorum);Helicodiscus;大蜗牛(Helix)(开口大蜗牛(H.aperta));蛞蝓属(Limax)(利迈科斯蛞蝓(L.cinereoniger)、黄蛞蝓(L.flavus)、边缘蛞蝓(L.marginatus)、大蛞蝓(L.maximus)、柔蛞蝓(L.tenellus));椎实螺属(Lymnaea);Milax(小蛞蝓科)(黑色小蛞蝓(M.gagates)、边缘小蛞蝓(M.marginatus)、硕氏小蛞蝓(M.sowerbyi));钻螺属(Opeas);瓶螺属(Pomacea)(福寿螺(P.canaticulata));瓦娄蜗牛属(Vallonia)和Zanitoides。
术语“作物”应当理解为还包括已经通过使用重组DNA技术而被这样转化使其能够合成一种或多种选择性作用毒素的作物植物,这些毒素是如已知例如来自于产毒素细菌,尤其是芽孢杆菌属的那些细菌。
可由此类转基因植物表达的毒素包括例如杀昆虫蛋白,例如来自蜡样芽胞杆菌或日本金龟子芽孢杆菌的杀昆虫蛋白;或者来自苏云金芽孢杆菌的杀昆虫蛋白,如δ-内毒素,例如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1或Cry9C,或者营养期杀昆虫蛋白(Vip),例如Vip1、Vip2、Vip3或Vip3A;或细菌定植线虫的杀昆虫蛋白,例如光杆状菌属某些种(Photorhabdus spp.)或致病杆菌属某些种(Xenorhabdus spp.),如发光杆菌(Photorhabdus luminescens)、嗜线虫致病杆菌(Xenorhabdus nematophilus);由动物产生的毒素,如蝎毒素、蛛毒素、蜂毒素和其他昆虫特异性神经毒素;由真菌产生的毒素,如链霉菌毒素,植物凝集素类(lectin),如豌豆凝集素、大麦凝集素或雪花莲凝集素;凝集素类(agglutinin);蛋白酶抑制剂,如胰蛋白酶抑制剂、丝蛋白酶抑制剂、马铃薯糖蛋白、胱抑素、木瓜蛋白酶抑制剂;核糖体失活蛋白(RIP),如蓖麻毒素、玉米-RIP、相思豆毒素、丝瓜籽蛋白、皂草素或异株泻根毒蛋白;类固醇代谢酶,如3-羟基类固醇氧化酶、蜕化类固醇-UDP-糖基-转移酶、胆固醇氧化酶、蜕化素抑制剂、HMG-COA-还原酶、离子通道阻断剂如钠通道或钙通道阻断剂、保幼激素酯酶、利尿激素受体、芪合酶、联苄合酶、几丁质酶和葡聚糖酶。
在本发明的上下文中,δ-内毒素(例如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1或Cry9C)或营养期杀虫蛋白(Vip)(例如Vip1、Vip2、Vip3或Vip3A)应理解为显然还包括混合型毒素、截短的毒素和经修饰的毒素。混合型毒素是通过那些蛋白的不同结构域的新组合重组产生的(参见例如,WO 02/15701)。截短的毒素,例如截短的Cry1Ab是已知的。在经修饰的毒素的情况下,天然存在的毒素的一个或多个氨基酸被置换。在这种氨基酸置换中,优选将非天然存在的蛋白酶识别序列插入毒素中,例如像在Cry3A055的情况下,组织蛋白酶-G-识别序列被插入Cry3A毒素中(参见WO 03/018810)。
此类毒素或能够合成此类毒素的转基因植物的实例披露于例如EP-A-0 374 753、WO 93/07278、WO 95/34656、EP-A-0 427 529、EP-A-451 878以及WO 03/052073中。
用于制备此类转基因植物的方法通常是本领域技术人员已知的并且描述在例如以上提及的公开物中。CryI型脱氧核糖核酸及其制备例如从WO 95/34656、EP-A-0 367474、EP-A-0 401 979和WO 90/13651中已知。
包含在转基因植物中的毒素使得植物对有害昆虫有耐受性。这样的昆虫可以存在于任何昆虫分类群,但尤其常见于甲虫(鞘翅目)、双翅昆虫(双翅目)和蛾(鳞翅目)。
含有一种或多种编码杀昆虫剂抗性并且表达一种或多种毒素的基因的转基因植物是已知的并且其中一些是可商购的。此类植物的实例是:(玉米品种,表达Cry1Ab毒素);YieldGard (玉米品种,表达Cry3Bb1毒素);YieldGard(玉米品种,表达Cry1Ab和Cry3Bb1毒素);(玉米品种,表达Cry9C毒素);Herculex(玉米品种,表达Cry1Fa2毒素和获得对除草剂草铵膦铵的耐受性的酶膦丝菌素N-乙酰基转移酶(PAT));NuCOTN(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac毒素);Bollgard(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac毒素);Bollgard(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab毒素);(棉花品种,表达Vip3A和Cry1Ab毒素); (马铃薯品种,表达Cry3A毒素);GT Advantage(GA21耐草甘膦性状)、CB Advantage(Bt11玉米螟(CB)性状)以及
此类转基因作物的另外的实例是:
1.Bt11玉米,来自先正达种子公司(Syngenta Seeds SAS),霍比特路(Chemin del'Hobit)27,F-31 790圣苏维尔(St.Sauveur),法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。遗传修饰的玉蜀黍,已经通过转基因表达截短的Cry1Ab毒素,使之能抵抗欧洲玉米螟(玉米螟和粉茎螟)的侵袭。Bt11玉米还转基因表达PAT酶以获得对除草剂草铵膦铵的耐受性。
2.Bt176玉米,来自先正达种子公司,霍比特路27,F-31 790圣苏维尔,法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。遗传修饰的玉蜀黍,通过转基因表达Cry1Ab毒素,使之能抵抗欧洲玉米螟(玉米螟和粉茎螟)的侵袭。Bt176玉米还转基因表达酶PAT以获得对除草剂草铵膦铵的耐受性。
3.MIR604玉米,来自先正达种子公司,霍比特路27,F-31 790圣苏维尔,法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。通过转基因表达经修饰的Cry3A毒素使之具有昆虫抗性的玉米。该毒素是通过插入组织蛋白酶-G-蛋白酶识别序列而经修饰的Cry3A055。此类转基因玉米植物的制备描述于WO 03/018810中。
4.MON 863玉米,来自孟山都欧洲公司(Monsanto Europe S.A.),270-272特弗伦大道(Avenue de Tervuren),B-1150布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/DE/02/9。MON 863表达Cry3Bb1毒素,并且对某些鞘翅目昆虫有抗性。
5.IPC 531棉花,来自孟山都欧洲公司(Monsanto Europe S.A.),270-272特弗伦大道(Avenue de Tervuren),B-1150布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/ES/96/02。
6.1507玉米,来自先锋海外公司(Pioneer Overseas Corporation),特德斯科大道(Avenue Tedesco),7B-1160布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/NL/00/10。遗传修饰的玉米,表达蛋白质Cry1F以获得对某些鳞翅目昆虫的抗性,并且表达PAT蛋白质以获得对除草剂草铵膦铵的耐受性。
7.NK603×MON 810玉米,来自孟山都欧洲公司(Monsanto Europe S.A.),270-272特弗伦大道(Avenue de Tervuren),B-1150布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/GB/02/M3/03。通过将遗传修饰的品种NK603和MON 810杂交,由常规育种的杂交玉米品种构成。NK603×MON810玉米转基因地表达由土壤杆菌属菌株CP4获得的蛋白质CP4 EPSPS,使之耐除草剂(含有草甘膦),以及还有由苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种获得的Cry1Ab毒素,使之耐某些鳞翅目昆虫,包括欧洲玉米螟。
抗昆虫的植物的转基因作物还描述于BATS(生物安全与可持续发展中心(Zentrumfür Biosicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit),BATS中心(Zentrum BATS),克拉斯崔舍(Clarastrasse)13,巴塞尔(Basel)4058,瑞士)报告2003(http://bats.ch)中。
术语“作物”应理解为还包括已经通过使用重组DNA技术而被这样转化使其能够合成具有选择性作用的抗病原物质的作物植物,这些抗病原物质是例如像所谓的“病程相关蛋白”(PRP,参见例如EP-A-0 392 225)。这样的抗病原物质和能够合成这样的抗病原物质的转基因植物的实例例如从EP-A-0 392 225、WO 95/33818和EP-A-0 353 191是已知的。生产这样的转基因植物的方法对于本领域的普通技术人员而言通常是已知的并且描述于例如以上提及的公开物中。
作物也可以经修饰以增加对真菌(例如镰孢霉属、炭疽病或疫霉属)、细菌(例如假单胞菌属)或病毒(例如马铃薯卷叶病毒、番茄斑萎病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒)病原体的抗性。
作物还包括那些对线虫(如大豆异皮线虫)具有增加的抗性的作物。
具有对非生物性胁迫的耐受性的作物包括那些例如通过NF-YB或本领域中已知的其他蛋白质的表达对干旱、高盐、高温、寒冷、霜或光辐射具有增加的耐受性的作物。
可由此类转基因植物表达的抗病原物质包括例如离子通道阻断剂,如钠通道和钙通道的阻断剂,例如病毒KP1、KP4或KP6毒素;芪合酶;联苄合酶;几丁质酶;葡聚糖酶;所谓“病程相关蛋白”(PRP;参见例如EP-A-0 392 225);由微生物产生的抗病原物质,例如肽抗生素或杂环抗生素(参见例如WO 95/33818)或参与植物病原体防御的蛋白质或多肽因子(所谓“植物疾病抗性基因”,如WO 03/000906中所述)。
根据本发明的组合物的其他使用范围是保护所储存的物品和储存室以及保护原材料,如木材、纺织品、地板或建筑物,以及还在卫生领域中,尤其是保护人类、家畜以及多产的牲畜免遭所提及类型的有害生物的侵害。
本发明还提供了用于控制有害生物(如蚊和其他的疾病媒介物;同样参见http://www.who.int/malaria/vector_control/irs/en/)的方法。在一个实施例中,用于控制有害生物的方法包括通过涂刷、轧制、喷雾、涂布或浸渍,向目标有害生物、它们的场所或表面或基质施用本发明的组合物。通过举例,通过本发明的方法考虑到了表面(诸如墙、天花板或地板表面)的IRS(室内滞留喷雾)施用。在另一个实施例中,考虑到了将此类组合物施用于如下基质,诸如无纺或织物材料,该材料处于网织品、被覆物、被褥、窗帘以及帐篷的形式(或可以用于在这些物品的制造中)。
在一个实施例中,用于控制这样的有害生物的方法包括向目标有害生物、它们的场所或表面或基质施用杀有害生物有效量的本发明的组合物,以便于在该表面或基质上提供有效的滞留的杀有害生物活性。这样的施用可以通过涂刷、轧制、喷雾、涂布或浸渍本发明的杀有害生物组合物来进行。通过举例,通过本发明的方法考虑到了表面(诸如墙、天花板或地板表面)的IRS施用,以便于在该表面上提供有效的滞留的杀有害生物活性。在另一个实施例中,考虑了施用这样的组合物以用于在基质上的有害生物的残留控制,该基质是诸如处于网织品、被覆物、被褥、窗帘以及帐篷的形式(或可以用于在这些物品的制造中)的织物材料。
有待处理的基质(包括无纺物、织物或网织品)可以由天然纤维,诸如棉花、拉菲亚树叶纤维、黄麻、亚麻、剑麻、粗麻布或羊毛,或者合成纤维,诸如聚酰胺、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚丙烯腈等等制成。聚酯是特别适合的。纺织品处理的方法是已知的,例如WO 2008/151984、WO03/034823、US 5631072、WO 2005/64072、WO 2006/128870、EP 1724392、WO 2005/113886或WO 2007/090739。
根据本发明的组合物的其他使用范围是针对所有观赏树木连同所有种类的果树和坚果树的树木注射/树干处理领域。
在树木注射/树干处理领域中,根据本发明的化合物尤其适合于对抗来自如上提及的鳞翅目和来自鞘翅目的蛀木昆虫,尤其是对抗下表A和B中列出的蛀木虫:
表A.具有经济重要性的外来蛀木虫的实例。
表B.具有经济重要性的本地蛀木虫的实例。
本发明也可以用于控制任何可以存在于草坪草中的昆虫有害生物,包括例如甲虫、毛虫、火蚁、地面珍珠(ground pearl)、千足虫、潮虫、螨虫、蝼蛄、介壳虫、粉蚧蜱、沫蝉、南方麦小蝽以及蛴螬。本发明可以用于控制处于其生命周期的各个阶段的昆虫有害生物,包括卵、幼虫、若虫和成虫。
具体而言,本发明可用于控制用草坪草的根部喂养的昆虫有害生物,该昆虫有害生物包括蛴螬(诸如圆头犀金龟属(Cyclocephala spp.)(例如标记的金龟子、C.lurida)、Rhizotrogus属(例如欧洲金龟子,欧洲切根鳃金龟(R.majalis))、黄栌属(例如绿六月甲虫(Green June beetle)、C.nitida)、弧丽金龟属(Popillia spp.)(例如日本甲虫、龟纹瓢虫(P.japonica))、鳃角金龟属(Phyllophaga spp.)(例如五月/六月甲虫)、Ataenius属(例如草坪草黑金龟(Black turfgrass ataenius)、A.spretulus)、绒毛金龟属(Maladera spp.)(例如亚洲花园甲虫(Asiatic garden beetle)、M.castanea)以及Tomarus属)、地面珍珠(硕蚧属(Margarodes spp.))、蝼蛄(褐黄色的、南方的、以及短翅的;痣蟋蟀属(Scapteriscus spp.)、非洲蝼蛄(Gryllotalpa africana))以及大蚊幼虫(leatherjackets)(欧洲大蚊(European crane fly)、大蚊属(Tipula spp.))。
本发明还可以用于控制茅草住宅的草坪草的昆虫有害生物,这些昆虫有害生物包括粘虫(诸如秋夜蛾(fall armyworm)草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda),和常见夜蛾一星黏虫(Pseudaletia unipuncta))、切根虫,象鼻虫(尖隐喙象属(Sphenophorus spp.),诸如S.venatus verstitus和牧草长喙象(S.parvulus))以及草地螟(如草螟属(Crambusspp.)和热带草地螟,Herpetogramma phaeopteralis)。
本发明还可以用于控制在地上生活并取食草坪草叶子的草坪草中的昆虫有害生物,这些昆虫有害生物包括麦小蝽(诸如南方麦小蝽,南方杆长蝽(Blissus insularis))、狗牙根螨(Bermudagrass mite)(Eriophyes cynodoniensis)、盖氏虎尾草粉蚧(草竹粉蚧(Antonina graminis))、两线沫蝉(Propsapia bicincta)、叶蝉、切根虫(夜蛾科)、以及麦二叉蚜。
本发明还可以用于控制草坪草中的其他有害生物,诸如在草坪中创建蚁巢的外引红火蚁(红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta))。
在卫生领域中,根据本发明的组合物是有效地对抗外寄生虫诸如硬蜱、软蜱、疥螨、秋螨、蝇(叮咬和舔舐)、寄生性蝇幼虫,虱、发虱、鸟虱和跳蚤。
此类寄生虫的实例是:
虱目:血虱属、长腭虱属、人虱属以及阴虱属(Phtirus spp.)、管虱属。
食毛目:毛羽虱属、短角鸟虱属、鸭虱属、牛羽虱属、Werneckiella属、Lepikentron属、畜虱属、啮毛虱属以及猫羽虱属(Felicola spp.)。
双翅目及长角亚目(Nematocerina)和短角亚目(Brachycerina),例如伊蚊属、疟蚊属、库蚊属、蚋属(Simulium spp.)、真蚋属(Eusimulium spp.)、白蛉属(Phlebotomusspp.)、罗蛉属(Lutzomyia spp.)、库蠓属(Culicoides spp.)、斑虻属(Chrysops spp.)、驼背虻属(Hybomitra spp.)、黄虻属(Atylotus spp.)、虻属、麻虻属(Haematopota spp.)、Philipomyia属、蜂虱蝇属(Braula spp.)、家蝇属、齿股蝇属(Hydrotaea spp.)、螫蝇属、黑角蝇属(Haematobia spp.)、莫蝇属(Morellia spp.)、厕蝇属、舌蝇属、丽蝇属(Calliphoraspp.)、绿蝇属、金蝇属、污蝇属(Wohlfahrtia spp.)、麻蝇属(Sarcophaga spp.)、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、胃蝇属(Gasterophilus spp.)、虱蝇属(Hippobosca spp.)、羊虱蝇属(Lipoptenaspp.)和蜱蝇属(Melophagus spp.)。
蚤目(Siphonapterida),例如蚤属(Pulex spp.)、栉头蚤属、客蚤属(Xenopsyllaspp.)、角叶蚤属。
异翅目(Heteropterida),例如臭虫属、锥鼻虫属属、红猎蝽属、锥蝽属(Panstrongylus spp.)。
蜚蠊目(Blattarida),例如东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis)、美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana)、德国小蠊(Blattelagermanica)以及夏柏拉蟑螂属(Supellaspp.)。
蜱螨(Acaria)亚纲(螨科(Acarida))和后气门目(Meta-stigmata)和中气门目(Meso-stigmata),例如锐缘蜱属、钝缘蜱属(Ornithodorus spp.)、耳蜱属(Otobiusspp.)、硬蜱属、钝眼蜱属、牛蜱属(Boophilus spp.)、革蜱属(Dermacentor spp.)、血蜱属(Haemophysalis spp.)、璃眼蜱属、扇头蜱属、皮刺螨属(Dermanyssus spp.)、刺利螨属(Raillietia spp.)、肺刺螨属(Pneumonyssus spp.)、胸刺螨属(Sternostoma spp.)和瓦螨属(Varroa spp.)。
轴螨目(Actinedida)(前气门亚目(Prostigmata))和粉螨目(Acaridida)(无气门亚目(Astigmata)),例如蜂盾螨属(Acarapis spp.)、姬螯属(Cheyletiella spp.)、禽螯螨属(Ornithocheyletia spp.)、肉螨属(Myobia spp.)、疮螨属(Psorergates spp.)、蠕形螨属(Demodex spp.)、恙螨属(Trombicula spp.)、牦螨属(Listrophorus spp.)、粉螨属(Acarus spp.)、食酪螨属(Tyrophagus spp.)、嗜木螨属(Caloglyphus spp.)、颈下螨属(Hypodectes spp.)、翅螨属(Pterolichus spp.)、痒螨属、皮螨属、耳疥螨属(Otodectesspp.)、疥螨属、耳螨属(Notoedres spp.)、鸟疥螨属(Knemidocoptes spp.)、胞螨属(Cytodites spp.)以及鸡雏螨属(Laminosioptes spp.)。
根据本发明的组合物还适用于保护材料诸如木材、纺织品、塑料、粘合剂、胶、漆料、纸张和卡片、皮革、地板和建筑免受昆虫侵染。
根据本发明的这些组合物可用于,例如,对抗下列有害生物:甲虫,如北美家天牛、多毛绿虎天牛、家具窃蠹、报死窃蠹、Ptilinuspecticornis、Dendrobium pertinex、细齿叉尾长蠹、Priobium carpini、褐粉蠹、非洲粉蠹、南方粉蠹、抱扁蠹、软毛粉蠹、扁腿粉蠹、鳞毛粉蠹、材小蠹属、木小蠹属、黑长蠹、红腹槲长蠹、棕异翅长蠹、双棘长蠢属以及竹蠹,并且还有膜翅目,如蓝黑树蜂、大树蜂、泰加大树蜂和Urocerus augu,以及白蚁类,如黄颈木白蚁、麻头堆砂白蚁、印巴结构木异白蚁、黄肢散白蚁、桑特散白蚁、欧洲散白蚁、达氏澳白蚁、内华达动白蚁和台湾家白蚁,以及无翼昆虫类,如衣鱼。
根据本发明的化合物可以按未经修饰的形式用作杀有害生物剂,但它们通常以多种方式使用配制佐剂(如载体、溶剂以及表面活性物质)被配制成组合物。这些配制品可以处于不同的实体形式,例如,处于以下形式:撒粉剂、凝胶、可湿性粉剂、水可分散性颗粒剂、水可分散性片剂、泡腾压缩片剂、可乳化的浓缩物、微可乳化浓缩物、水包油乳剂、可流动油、水性分散体、油性分散体、悬乳剂、胶囊悬浮液、可乳化的颗粒剂、可溶性液体、水可溶性浓缩物(以水或水混溶性有机溶剂作为载体)、浸渍的聚合物膜或处于已知的其他形式,例如从Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications forPesticides[关于杀有害生物剂的FAO和WHO标准的发展和使用的手册],联合国,第1版,二次修订(2010)中已知的。此类配制品可以直接使用或者可以使用前稀释再使用。可以用例如水、液体肥料、微量营养素、生物有机体、油或溶剂来进行稀释。
可以通过例如将活性成分与配制品佐剂混合来制备这些配制品以便获得处于精细分散固体、颗粒、溶液、分散体或乳剂形式的组合物。这些活性成分还可以与其他佐剂(例如精细分散固体、矿物油、植物或动物来源的油、改性的植物或动物来源的油、有机溶剂、水、表面活性物质或其组合)来一起配制。
这些活性成分还可以被包含于非常精细的微胶囊中。微胶囊在多孔载体中含有活性成分。这使活性成分能以受控的量值释放(例如,缓慢释放)到环境中。微胶囊通常具有从0.1至500微米的直径。它们含有的活性成分的量按重量计是胶囊重量的约从25%至95%。这些活性成分可以处于整体性的固体的形式、处于固体或液体分散体中的精细颗粒的形式或处于适合溶液的形式。包囊的膜可以包括例如天然的或合成的橡胶、纤维素、苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚脲、聚氨酯或化学改性的聚合物以及淀粉黄原酸酯、或本领域的技术人员已知的其他聚合物。可替代地,可以形成非常精细的微胶囊,其中活性成分在基础物质的固体基质中是以精细分散颗粒的形式被包含的,但这些微胶囊本身未经包裹。
适合于制备根据本发明的这些组合物的配制品佐剂本身是已知的。作为液体载体可以使用:水、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、植物油、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、酸酐、乙腈、乙酰苯、乙酸戊酯、2-丁酮、碳酸丁烯酯、氯苯、环己烷、环己醇、乙酸烷基酯、二丙酮醇、1,2-二氯丙烷、二乙醇胺、对-二乙基苯、二甘醇、松脂酸二乙二醇酯、二甘醇丁基醚、二甘醇乙基醚、二甘醇甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、1,4-二噁烷、二丙二醇、二丙二醇甲基醚、双丙甘醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇、烷基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯、2-乙基己醇、碳酸乙烯酯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、2-庚酮、α-蒎烯、d-苧烯、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇、乙二醇丁基醚、乙二醇甲基醚、γ-丁内酯、丙三醇、乙酸甘油酯、二乙酸甘油酯、三乙酸甘油酯、十六烷、己二醇、乙酸异戊基酯、乙酸异冰片基酯、异辛烷、异佛尔酮、异丙苯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乳酸、月桂胺、异亚丙基丙酮、甲氧基丙醇、甲基异戊基酮、甲基异丁基酮、月桂酸甲酯、辛酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、二氯甲烷、间二甲苯、正己烷、正辛胺、十八烷酸、辛胺乙酸酯、油酸、油烯基胺、邻二甲苯、苯酚、聚乙二醇、丙酸、乳酸丙酯、碳酸亚丙酯、丙二醇、丙二醇甲基醚、对-二甲苯、甲苯、磷酸三乙酯、三乙二醇、二甲苯磺酸、石蜡、矿物油、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇甲基醚、二乙二醇甲基醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇以及更高分子量的醇,例如戊醇、四氢呋喃醇、己醇、辛醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等。
适合的固体载体是例如滑石、二氧化钛、叶蜡石黏土、硅石、凹凸棒石黏土、硅藻土、石灰石、碳酸钙、膨润土、钙蒙脱土、棉籽壳、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉、经研磨的胡桃壳、木质素和类似的物质。
许多表面活性物质可以有利地用在固体和液体配制品两者中,尤其是在使用前可被载体稀释的那些配制品中。表面活性物质可以是阴离子的、阳离子的、非离子的或聚合的并且它们可以用作乳化剂、湿润剂或悬浮剂或用于其他目的。典型的表面活性物质包括例如烷基硫酸酯的盐,如十二烷基硫酸二乙醇铵;烷基芳基磺酸酯的盐,如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基酚/氧化烯加成产物,如乙氧基化壬基苯酚;醇/氧化烯加成产物,如乙氧基化十三烷醇;皂,如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘磺酸酯的盐,如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺基琥珀酸二烷基酯的盐,如二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠;山梨糖醇酯,如山梨糖醇油酸酯;季铵,如氯化十二烷基三甲基铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;以及磷酸单-和二-烷酯的盐;以及还有其他物质,例如描述于:McCutcheon'sDetergents and Emulsifiers Annual[麦卡琴清洁剂和乳化剂年鉴],MC出版公司(MCPublishing Corp.),里奇伍德,新泽西州(Ridgewood New Jersey)(1981)。
可以用于杀有害生物配制品的其他佐剂包括结晶抑制剂、粘度改性剂、悬浮剂、染料、抗氧化剂、发泡剂、光吸收剂、混合助剂、消泡剂、络合剂、中和或改变pH的物质和缓冲液、腐蚀抑制剂、香料、湿润剂、吸收增强剂、微量营养素、增塑剂、助流剂、润滑剂、分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、杀微生物剂、以及液体和固体肥料。
根据本发明的组合物可以包括添加剂,该添加剂包括植物或动物来源的油、矿物油、此类油的烷基酯或此类油与油衍生物的混合物。在根据本发明的组合物中的油添加剂的量通常是基于该待施用的混合物从0.01%至10%。例如,可以在喷雾混合物已经制备之后将该油添加剂以所希望的浓度添加到喷雾罐中。优选的油添加剂包括矿物油或植物来源的油,例如菜籽油、橄榄油或葵花籽油;乳化的植物油;植物来源的油的烷基酯,例如甲基衍生物;或动物来源的油,如鱼油或牛脂。优选的油添加剂包括C8-C22脂肪酸的烷基酯,尤其是C12-C18脂肪酸的甲基衍生物,例如月桂酸、棕榈酸以及油酸的甲基酯(分别为月桂酸甲酯、棕榈酸甲酯和油酸甲酯)。许多油衍生物获知于Compendium of Herbicide Adjuvants[除草剂佐剂纲要],第10版,南伊利诺伊大学,2010。
这些本发明组合物总体上包括按重量计从0.1%至99%,尤其是按重量计从0.1%至95%的本发明的化合物以及按重量计从1%至99.9%的配制佐剂,该配制佐剂优选地包括按重量计从0%至25%的表面活性物质。而商业产品可以优选地被配制为浓缩物,最终使用者将通常使用稀释配制品。
施用比率在宽范围之内变化并且取决于土壤的性质、施用方法、作物植物、待控制的有害生物、主要气候条件、以及受施用方法、施用时间以及目标作物支配的其他因素。一般来讲,可以将化合物以从1l/ha至2000l/ha、尤其是从10l/ha到1000l/ha的比率施用。
优选的配制品可以具有以下组成(重量%):
可乳化浓缩物:
活性成分:1%至95%,优选60%至90%
表面活性剂:1%至30%,优选5%至20%
液体载体:1%至80%,优选1%至35%
尘剂:
活性成分:0.1%至10%,优选0.1%至5%
固体载体:99.9%至90%,优选99.9%至99%
悬浮液浓缩物:
活性成分:5%至75%,优选10%至50%
水:94%至24%,优选88%至30%
表面活性剂:1%至40%,优选2%至30%
可湿性粉剂:
活性成分:0.5%至90%,优选1%至80%
表面活性剂:0.5%至20%,优选1%至15%
固体载体:5%至95%,优选15%至90%
颗粒剂:
活性成分:0.1%至30%,优选0.1%至15%
固体载体:99.5%至70%,优选97%至85%
以下实例进一步展示了(但不限制)本发明。
<u>可湿性粉剂</u> | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 25% | 50% | 75% |
木质素磺酸钠 | 5% | 5% | - |
月桂基硫酸钠 | 3% | - | 5% |
二异丁基萘磺酸钠 | - | 6% | 10% |
苯酚聚乙二醇醚(7-8mol的环氧乙烷) | - | 2% | - |
高度分散的硅酸 | 5% | 10% | 10% |
高岭土 | 62% | 27% | - |
将该组合与这些佐剂充分混合并且将混合物在适当的研磨机中充分研磨,从而获得了可以用水稀释而给出所希望的浓度的悬浮液的可湿性粉剂。
<u>干种子处理用的粉剂</u> | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 25% | 50% | 75% |
轻质矿物油 | 5% | 5% | 5% |
高度分散的硅酸 | 5% | 5% | - |
高岭土 | 65% | 40% | - |
滑石 | - | 20% |
将该组合与佐剂充分混合并且将该混合物在适合的研磨机中充分研磨,从而获得可以直接用于种子处理的粉剂。
<u>可乳化浓缩物</u> | |
活性成分 | 10% |
辛基酚聚乙二醇醚(4-5mol的环氧乙烷) | 3% |
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 | 3% |
蓖麻油聚乙二醇醚(35mol的环氧乙烷) | 4% |
环己酮 | 30% |
二甲苯混合物 | 50% |
在植物保护中可以使用的具有任何所要求的稀释的乳液可以通过用水稀释从这种浓缩物中获得。
<u>尘剂</u> | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 5% | 6% | 4% |
滑石 | 95% | - | - |
高岭土 | - | 94% | - |
矿物填料 | - | - | 96% |
通过将该组合与载体混合并且将混合物在适当的研磨机中研磨获得立即可用的尘剂。此类粉剂还可以用于种子的干拌种。
将该组合与这些佐剂混合并且研磨,并且将混合物用水湿润。将混合物挤出并且然后在空气流中干燥。
<u>包衣颗粒剂</u> | |
活性成分 | 8% |
聚乙二醇(分子量200) | 3% |
高岭土 | 89% |
将这种精细研磨的组合在混合器中均匀地施用于用聚乙二醇湿润的高岭土中。以该方式获得非尘的包衣颗粒剂。
悬浮液浓缩物
活性成分 | 40% |
丙二醇 | 10% |
壬基酚聚乙二醇醚(15mol的环氧乙烷) | 6% |
木质素磺酸钠 | 10% |
羧甲基纤维素 | 1% |
硅酮油(处于在水中75%的乳液的形式) | 1% |
水 | 32% |
将精细研磨的组合与佐剂密切混合,从而给出悬浮液浓缩物,可以通过使用水稀释从该浓缩物获得任何所希望稀释度的悬浮液。使用此类稀释物,可以对活的植物连同植物繁殖材料进行处理并且对其针对微生物侵染通过喷雾、浇灌或浸渍进行保护。
种子处理用的可流动性浓缩物
将精细研磨的组合与佐剂密切混合,从而给出悬浮液浓缩物,可以通过使用水稀释从该浓缩物获得任何所希望稀释度的悬浮液。使用此类稀释物,可以对活的植物连同植物繁殖材料进行处理并且对其针对微生物侵染通过喷雾、浇灌或浸渍进行保护。
缓释的胶囊悬浮液
将28份的组合与2份的芳香族溶剂以及7份的甲苯二异氰酸酯/多亚甲基-聚苯基异氰酸酯-混合物(8:1)进行混合。将该混合物在1.2份的聚乙烯醇、0.05份的消泡剂以及51.6份的水的混合物中进行乳化直至达到所希望的粒度。向该乳液中添加在5.3份的水中的2.8份的1,6-己二胺混合物。将混合物搅拌直至聚合反应完成。将获得的胶囊悬浮液通过添加0.25份的增稠剂以及3份的分散剂进行稳定。该胶囊悬浮液配制品含有28%的活性成分。中等胶囊的直径是8-15微米。将所得配制品作为适用于此目的装置中的水性悬浮液施用到种子上。
配制品类型包括乳液浓缩物(EC)、悬浮液浓缩物(SC)、悬乳液(SE)、胶囊悬浮液(CS)、水可分散性颗粒剂(WG)、可乳化的颗粒剂(EG)、油包水型乳液(EO)、水包油型乳液(EW)、微乳液(ME)、油分散体(OD)、油悬剂(OF)、油溶性液剂(OL)、可溶性浓缩物(SL)、超低容量悬浮液(SU)、超低容量液剂(UL)、母药(TK)、可分散性浓缩物(DC)、可湿性粉剂(WP)、可溶性颗粒剂(SG)或与农业上可接受的佐剂组合的任何技术上可行的配制品。
制备实例:
“Mp”意指以℃计的熔点。自由基表示甲基基团。在Brucker 400MHz光谱仪上记录1H NMR测量值,化学位移相对于TMS标准物以ppm给出。光谱在如指定的氘代溶剂中测量。用以下LCMS方法中的任一种来表征这些化合物。对于每种化合物获得的特征LCMS值是保留时间(“Rt”以分钟计记录)和测量的分子离子(M+H)+或(M-H)-。
LCMS方法:
方法1:标准1
光谱记录在来自沃特斯公司(Waters)的质谱仪(SQD、SQDII单四极杆质谱仪)上,其装备有电喷射源(极性:正离子和负离子),毛细管电压:3.00kV,锥孔范围:30V,提取器:2.00V,源温度:150℃,去溶剂化温度:350℃,锥孔气体流量:50l/h,去溶剂化气体流量:650l/h,质量范围:100Da至900Da)和来自沃特斯公司的Acquity UPLC:二元泵、经加热的柱室、二极管阵列检测器和ELSD检测器。柱:沃特斯公司的UPLC HSS T3,1.8μm,30x 2.1mm,温度:60℃,DAD波长范围(nm):210至500,溶剂梯度:A=水+5%MeOH+0.05%HCOOH,B=乙腈+0.05%HCOOH;梯度:10%-100%B,在1.2min内;流量(ml/min)0.85
方法2:标准长(standard
long):
光谱记录在来自沃特斯公司的质谱仪(SQD、SQDII单四极杆质谱仪)上,其装备有一种电喷射源(极性:正离子和负离子),毛细管电压:3.00kV,锥孔范围:30V,提取器:2.00V,源温度:150℃,去溶剂化温度:350℃,锥孔气体流量:50l/h,去溶剂化气体流量:650l/h,质量范围:100Da至900Da)和来自沃特斯公司的Acquity UPLC:二元泵、经加热的柱室、二极管阵列检测器和ELSD检测器。柱:沃特斯公司的UPLC HSS T3,1.8μm,30x 2.1mm,温度:60℃,DAD波长范围(nm):210至500,溶剂梯度:A=水+5%MeOH+0.05%HCOOH,B=乙腈+0.05%HCOOH;梯度:在2.7min内10%-100%B;流量(ml/min)0.85
方法3:标准2长
光谱记录在安捷伦科技公司的质谱仪(6410三重四极杆质谱仪)上,所述质谱仪配备电喷射源(极性:正离子或负离子,MS2扫描,毛细管:4.00kV,电压:100V,去溶剂化温度:350℃,气体流量:11L/min,喷雾器气体:45psi,质量范围:110至1000Da)和安捷伦1200系列HPLC:泵、经加热的柱室以及二极管阵列检测器。柱:KINETEX EVO C18,2.6μm,50x 4.6mm,温度:40℃,DAD波长范围(nm):210至400,溶剂梯度:A=水+5%乙腈+0.1%HCOOH,B=乙腈+0.1%HCOOH:梯度:0min 0%B,100%A;0.9-1.8min100%B;流量(ml/min)1.8。
方法4:标准2
质谱图记录在来自沃特斯公司(Waters)的质谱仪上,所述质谱仪配备电喷射源(极性:正离子或负离子,全扫描,毛细管:3.00kV,锥孔范围:41V,源温度:150℃,去溶剂化温度:500℃,锥孔气体流量:50L/Hr,去溶剂化气体流量:1000L/Hr,质量范围:110Da至800Da)和来自沃特斯公司的H级别UPLC:二元泵,经加热的柱室以及二极管阵列检测器。柱:沃特斯公司UPLC HSS T3 C18,1.8μm,30x 2.1mm,温度:40℃,DAD波长范围(nm):210至400,溶剂梯度:A=水+5%乙腈+0.1%HCOOH,B=乙腈+0.1%HCOOH:梯度:0min 10%B;0.-0.2min 10%-50%B;0.2-0.7min50%-100%B;流量(ml/min)0.8。
制备实例:
实例H1:2-(3-乙基磺酰基-5-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧 啶(化合物P9,表P)的合成
(化合物P9,表P)
步骤A:5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(化
合物P10,表P)的制备
(化合物P10,表P)
方法A
向如WO 2016071214 A1中所述制备的2-(5-氯-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(2g,5.118mmol)在二噁烷(15.35mL)中的溶液中添加双(频哪醇)二硼(1.724g,6.653mmol)和乙酸钾(1.256g,12.79mmol)。将得到的悬浮液用氩气脱气10分钟,并添加[1,1′-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯钯(II)与二氯甲烷的络合物(0.168g,0.2048mmol)。将所得混合物在105℃下搅拌48小时,在室温下用水淬灭,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机相用水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将获得的粗产物溶解在四氢呋喃(7mL)中,并通过注射器逐滴添加35%的过氧化氢水溶液(0.240g,0.212mL,2.48mmol)。将得到的橙色溶液在室温搅拌20小时。将混合物用硫代硫酸钠和水淬灭。将水层用乙酸乙酯反萃取,并将合并的有机相用水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化粗产物,得到呈米色固体的5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇。
Mpt:229℃-232℃
LCMS:(方法标准)室温(rt)0.55min(MH+=373)
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm 1.24(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)4.07(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)7.84(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.33(s,1H)8.52(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)8.53(s,1H)9.66(s,1H)10.97-11.25(m,1H)
方法B
在Supelco小瓶中,在氩气下,将溶于DMF(2Ml)中的2-(5-氯-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(0.25g,0.6397mmol)用碳酸铯(0.4586g,1.407mmol)和(E)-苯甲醛肟(0.1007g,0.8316mmol)处理。向其中添加RockPhos Pd G3(0.01609g,0.01919mmol),并将小瓶盖好。将所得混合物加热至80℃保持34小时。这个时间之后的LCMS分析表明反应完成。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并用1N HCl淬灭至pH 1。然后将水层用二氯甲烷萃取3次。将若干滴甲醇添加至有机层以溶解存在的沉淀物。然后将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化粗产物,得到呈米色固体的标题化合物5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇。
步骤B:2-(3-乙基磺酰基-5-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧 啶(化合物P9,表P)的合成
(化合物P9,表P)
将5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(0.2g,0.4298mmol)和碳酸铯(0.4201g,1.289mmol,0.1032mL)的样品悬浮于DMF(4mL)中。并通过注射器添加碘甲烷(0.9455mmol,0.0592mL)。将得到的棕色悬浮液在室温搅拌4小时。然后将反应混合物用NaHCO3和乙酸乙酯萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化粗产物,得到呈白色固体的2-(3-乙基磺酰基-5-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶。
Mpt.194℃-196℃
LCMS:(方法标准)rt 0.85min(MH+=387)
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δppm 1.39(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)3.89(q,J=7.58Hz,2H)4.05(s,3H)7.97-7.99(m,1H)8.04(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)8.62(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)9.18(s,1H)
实例H2:2-(3-乙基磺酰基-5-异丙氧基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]
嘧啶(化合物P7,表P)的合成
(化合物P7,表P)
将5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(0.2g,0.4298mmol)和碳酸铯(0.4201g,1.289mmol,0.1032mL)的样品悬浮于DMF(4mL)中,并用2-溴丙烷(0.1163g,0.9455mmol,0.088mL)处理。将得到的棕色悬浮液在50℃下搅拌20小时。将反应混合物用NaHCO3淬灭,并且将水层用乙酸乙酯萃取。将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化粗产物,得到呈白色固体的标题化合物2-(3-乙基磺酰基-5-异丙氧基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶。
Mpt:167℃-169℃
LCMS:(方法标准)rt…0.96min(MH+=415)。
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δppm 1.38(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)1.47(d,J=6.24Hz,6H)3.87(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)4.80(dt,J=12.10,6.05Hz,1H)7.98(s,1H)8.00(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.31(s,1H)8.57(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)9.16-9.19(m,1H)
实例H3:2-[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基硫烷
基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(化合物P4,表P)的合成
(化合物P4,表P)
步骤A:6-溴嘧啶-4-胺的制备
向4,6-二溴嘧啶(9.5g,40.0mmol)在200mL乙腈中的溶液中添加NH3.H2O(250mL)。将混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。然后,将混合物倾倒进水中并用乙酸乙酯萃取四次。将合并的有机层经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗产物从石油醚/EtOac中重结晶,得到标题化合物:
1H NMR(400Mz,DMSO-d6)δ6.58(s,1H),7.17(s,2H),8.10(s,1H)。
步骤B:6-碘嘧啶-4-胺的制备
向6-溴嘧啶-4-胺(8.0g,46mmol)在100mL HI中的溶液中添加NaI(15.0g,100mmol)。将混合物回流过夜。然后,用NaOH溶液将混合物的pH调节至10,分离固体并过滤,得到6-碘嘧啶-4-胺。
1H NMR(400Mz,DMSO-d6)δ6.85(s,1H),6.99(s,2H),7.99(s,1H)。
步骤C:6-(三氟甲基硫烷基)嘧啶-4-胺的制备
向6-碘嘧啶-4-胺(0.22g,1mmol)在5mL NMP中的溶液中添加(bpy)CuCF3(0.64g,3mmol)。将混合物在90℃下搅拌2h。然后,将混合物倾倒进水中并用乙酸乙酯萃取。将合并的有机层经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化粗产物,得到呈白色固体的标题化合物。
Mpt.147℃-148℃
LCMS:(方法标准)rt 0.63min(MH+=196)。
1H NMR(400Mz,DMSO-d6)δ6.61(s,1H),7.28(s,2H),8.29(s,1H)。19F-NMR(300Mz,DMSO-d6)δ:-37.39(s,3F)。
步骤D:2-(5-溴-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]
嘧啶的制备
将2-溴-1-(5-溴-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)乙酮(制备描述于WO 2016071214中)(0.194g,0.52284mmol)和6-(三氟甲基硫烷基)嘧啶-4-胺(0.102g,0.52284mmol)的样品溶解在乙腈(2mL)中,并且将得到的浅黄色溶液加热至90℃,保持7.5小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并将溶剂真空蒸发。将得到的深色固体吸收在二氯甲烷中,并将有机相依次用NaHCO3和NH4OH以及盐水洗涤。将有机相经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化得到的粗产物,得到呈灰白色固体的2-(5-溴-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶。
LCMS:(方法标准)rt 1.00min(MH+=467/469)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm 1.27(t,J=7.52Hz,3H)4.16(q,J=7.58Hz,2H)8.28(s,1H)8.57(d,J=2.20Hz,1H)8.62(s,1H)9.15(d,J=2.20Hz,1H)9.57-9.60(m,1H)
步骤E:5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-
3-醇的制备
在Supelco小瓶中装入2-(5-溴-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(4.0708g,8.711mmol)、双(频哪醇)二硼(2.905g,11.32mmol)、乙酸钾(2.159g,21.78mmol)和1,4-二噁烷(759.1mmol,65.33mL)。将所得悬浮液用氩气脱气10分钟。然后添加1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁-二氯化钯(II)二氯甲烷络合物(0.1467g,0.1742mmol),并在微波系统中于130℃照射1h。然后将混合物用水淬灭并用乙酸乙酯萃取5次。将有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将获得的粗产物(3.7g,7.2mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(72mL)中,并通过注射器逐滴添加过氧化氢(0.70g,0.62mL,7.2mmol)。在室温下搅拌所得的棕色溶液。15小时后,将反应混合物用硫代硫酸钠和NH4Cl饱和溶液淬灭。通过蒸发除去四氢呋喃,并将剩余的水层用二氯甲烷萃取3次。将合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化粗产物,得到呈灰白色固体的5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇。
LCMS:(方法标准)rt 0.83min(MH+=405)
1H NMR(400MHz,溶剂)δppm 1.22(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)4.05(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)7.85-7.85(m,1H)8.22(d,J=1.10Hz,1H)8.44(s,1H)8.50(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)9.56(d,J=1.10Hz,1H)11.07(s,1H)
步骤F:2-[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)
咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(化合物P4,表P)的合成
(化合物P4,表P)
将5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(0.387g,0.9570mmol)和碳酸铯(0.780g,2.392mmol)的样品悬浮于乙腈(5.27g,128mmol,6.699mL)中并用2,2-二氟乙基三氟甲磺酸盐(1.053mmol,0.1430mL)逐滴处理。将所得混合物在室温搅拌15小时,此时LCMS显示反应完成。将反应混合物倒入水中,并用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化粗产物,得到呈白色固体的2-[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶。
LCMS:(方法标准)rt 0.95min(MH+=469)
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δppm 1.34-1.40(m,3H)3.89(q,J=7.46Hz,2H)4.37-4.46(m,2H)6.03-6.36(m,1H)7.93(s,1H)8.06(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.27(d,J=0.73Hz,1H)8.66(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)9.09(d,J=1.47Hz,1H)
实例H4:2-(3-乙基磺酰基-5-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,
2-c]嘧啶(化合物P5,表P)的合成
(化合物P5,表P)
将5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(0.387g,0.9570mmol)和碳酸铯(0.9355g,2.871mmol)的样品悬浮在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(92.5mmol,7.177mL)中。然后通过注射器添加碘甲烷(2.105mmol,0.132mL)。将得到的混合物在室温搅拌15小时。将反应混合物倒入水中,并且用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。将有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化粗产物,得到呈白色固体的2-(3-乙基磺酰基-5-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)-7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶。
LCMS:(方法标准)rt 0.9min(MH+=420)
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δppm 1.34(t,J=7.52Hz,3H)3.84(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)4.02(s,3H)7.91(s,1H)8.01(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.24(s,1H)8.59(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)9.08(d,J=1.47Hz,1H)
实例H5:2-[[5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈(化合物P13,表P)的合成
(化合物P13,表P)
步骤A:1-(3-乙基硫烷基-5-羟基-2-吡啶基)乙酮的制备
将1-(5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-2-吡啶基)乙酮(2.5g,9.6mmol)溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(19mL)中,并添加碳酸铯(6.9g,21mmol)。然后在室温下逐滴添加(E)-苯甲醛肟(1.4mL,12mmol)。将得到的悬浮液在室温下搅拌过夜,然后用水和乙酸乙酯稀释,并用1NHCl淬灭。将pH调节至1-2,并将水层用乙酸乙酯萃取。将合并的有机层经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。通过色谱法纯化粗产物,得到1-(3-乙基硫烷基-5-羟基-2-吡啶基)乙酮。
LC-MS:198(M+H),rt:0.70min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.42(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)2.69(s,3H)2.89(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)6.06-6.20(m,1H)7.15(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)8.05(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)
步骤B:2-[(6-乙酰基-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基)氧基]-2-甲基-丙酰胺的制备
将1-(3-乙基硫烷基-5-羟基-2-吡啶基)乙酮(4g,20.279mmol)溶解在乙腈(100mL)中。然后添加碳酸铯(9.9116g,30.418mmol),并且将得到的悬浮液搅拌5分钟,然后添加2-溴-2-甲基-丙酰胺(5.3867g,32.446mmol)。在室温下过一夜后,将所得混合物倒入水中并用乙酸乙酯稀释。将水层用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,并将合并的有机层经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到2-[(6-乙酰基-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基)氧基]-2-甲基-丙酰胺,其无需进一步纯化即可用于下一步。
LC-MS:283(M+H),rt:0.77min
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δppm 1.28(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)1.56(s,6H)2.55(s,3H)2.82(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)7.15(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)7.45(s,1H)7.73(s,1H)8.04(d,J=2.20Hz,1H)
步骤C:2-[(6-乙酰基-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基)氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈的制备
将2-[(6-乙酰基-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基)氧基]-2-甲基-丙酰胺(0.517g,1.098mmol)悬浮在二氯甲烷(10.98mL)中并且添加三乙胺(0.4491g,0.619mL,4.394mmol)。将混合物冷却至0℃,并逐滴添加三氟乙酸酐(0.463mL,3.295mmol)。将得到的悬浮液在室温搅拌2小时。将反应混合物用甲醇(2ml)、然后小心地用碳酸氢盐溶液(形成气体)小心地淬灭。将水层用二氯甲烷萃取2次,并将合并的有机层经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化获得的残余物,得到2-[(6-乙酰基-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基)氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈。
LC-MS:265(M+H),rt:0.99min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.44(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)1.83(s,6H)2.71(s,3H)2.93(q,J=7.58Hz,2H)7.57(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)8.22(d,J=2.20Hz,1H)
步骤D:2-[[6-(2-溴乙酰基)-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈的制备
在氩气下,在室温下将2-[(6-乙酰基-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基)氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈(1g,3.784mmol)溶解在干四氢呋喃(14mL)中。然后将溶液冷却至0℃并添加苯基三甲基过溴化铵(1.426g,3.784mmol)。将橙色悬浮液在室温下搅拌2天。向反应混合物中添加水和乙酸乙酯。将水层分离,并用乙酸乙酯反萃取3次。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将粗品(黄色油)在15mL冷环己烷和1mL二氯甲烷中研磨。若干分钟后,形成沉淀物。过滤沉淀物,用环己烷洗涤并减压干燥,得到2-[[6-(2-溴乙酰基)-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈。
LC-MS:345(M+H),rt:1.07min
1H NMR(400MHz,溶剂)δppm 1.46(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)1.85(s,6H)2.96(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)4.82(s,2H)7.57-7.60(m,1H)8.20-8.22(m,1H)
步骤E:2-[[5-乙基硫烷基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈的制备
将2-[[6-(2-溴乙酰基)-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈(0.229g,0.6672mmol)和6-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-4-胺(按WO 2015000715中所述制备)(0.1143g,0.7006mmol)悬浮在乙腈(5mL)中。将得到的混合物在70℃下加热过夜。添加氧代镁(0.02689g,0.6672mmol),并将反应混合物再搅拌4小时。将反应混合物用水和乙酸乙酯稀释。用乙酸乙酯萃取水层2次。将有机层用盐水预干燥,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化粗产物,得到2-[[5-乙基硫烷基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈。
LC-MS:408(M+H),rt:1.00min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.45(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)1.82(s,6H)3.05(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)7.67(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)8.05(s,1H)8.34(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)8.46(s,1H)9.15-9.21(m,1H)
步骤F:2-[[5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈(化合物P13,表P)的制备
(化合物P13,表P)
将2-[[5-乙基硫烷基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈(0.151g,0.2965mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(4.5mL)中并冷却至0℃。然后添加3-氯苯碳过氧酸(0.1535g,0.6227mmol),并将得到的悬浮液在0℃下搅拌30分钟,使其升温至室温并搅拌一晚。将反应混合物用NaOH 1M(25ml)和硫代硫酸钠饱和水溶液(25ml)淬灭。将所得混合物搅拌10分钟,并且然后将水层用二氯甲烷萃取3次。将合并的有机层用NaOH1M(x3)、HCl 1M(x 2)、盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到2-[[5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈。
LC-MS:440(M+H),rt:0.94min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.37-1.43(m,3H)1.89(s,6H)3.98(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)7.98(s,1H)8.34(s,1H)8.35(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)8.81(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)9.19(s,1H)
实例H6:2-[[5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈(化合物P18,表P)的制备
(化合物P18,表P)
步骤A:2-[[5-乙基硫烷基-6-[7-(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈的制备
该化合物类似于实例H5来制备,但在步骤E中使用6-(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙基)嘧啶-4-胺,后者的制备方法如下:
在氩气下将6-碘嘧啶-4-胺(按WO 2016071214中所述制备,5.83g,26.4mmol)和(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙基)(1,10-菲咯啉-κN1,κN10)铜(15.1g,39.6mmol)悬浮在干燥小瓶中的二甲基甲酰胺(95.0mL)中。将所得混合物加热至90℃过夜。将反应混合物冷却至室温,并通过硅藻土过滤。用乙酸乙酯冲洗滤饼,并将所得绿色悬浮液用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和氢氧化铵溶液、然后用盐水洗涤。经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到粗产物,将其通过硅胶色谱法纯化,得到6-(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙基)嘧啶-4-胺。
LC-MS:214(M+H),Rt:0.67min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 5.41(br s,2H)6.82(d,J=1.10Hz,1H)8.71(s,1H)
如步骤E实例H4中所述,该化合物与2-[[6-(2-溴乙酰基)-5-乙基硫烷基-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈的反应得到2-[[5-乙基硫烷基-6-[7-(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈
LC-MS:458(M+H),Rt:1.10min
1H NMR(400MHz,溶剂)δppm 1.45(t,J=7.52Hz,3H)1.83(s,6H)3.05(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)7.67(d,J=2.20Hz,1H)8.10(s,1H)8.34(d,J=2.20Hz,1H)8.46(s,1H)9.18(s,1H)
步骤B:2-[[5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]-2-甲基-丙腈(化合物18,表P)的制备。
(化合物18,表P)。
类似于步骤E,实例H4中所述,通过用MCPBA氧化制备该化合物。标题化合物具有以下分析数据
LC-MS:490(M+H),Rt:1.03min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.41(t,J=7.52Hz,3H)1.89(s,6H)4.00(q,J=7.46Hz,2H)8.02(s,1H)8.35-8.36(m,1H)8.36(s,1H)8.81(d,J=2.57Hz,1H)9.19(d,J=1.10Hz,1H)
实例H7:2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(化合物P28,表P)的合成。
(化合物P28,表P)。
步骤A:2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(化合物P6,表P)的制备。
(化合物P6,表P)。
将5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(0.4g,1.074mmol)和碳酸铯(0.4551g,1.397mmol)悬浮在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(8mL)中。经由注射器添加2,2,2-三氟乙基三氟甲磺酸酯(0.2992g,1.289mmol,0.186mL)。将得到的棕色悬浮液在室温搅拌2小时。将反应混合物用水和乙酸乙酯稀释。将水层用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机层用水洗涤4次,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(环己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化粗产物,得到2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶。
LCMS(方法标准):455(M+H)Rt.:0.98min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.39(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)3.95(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)4.59(q,J=7.70Hz,2H)7.98(s,1H)8.09(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.33(s,1H)8.69(d,J=2.94Hz,1H)9.18(d,J=0.73Hz,1H)
步骤B:3-溴-2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(化合物P25,表P)的制备。
(化合物P25,表P)。
将2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(0.19g,0.4181mmol)溶于乙腈(4mL,79mmol)中,添加N-溴琥珀酰亚胺(0.082g,0.4599mmol)并且将得到的混合物在室温搅拌。一晚后,将溶液减压浓缩并通过色谱法纯化,得到3-溴-2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶
LCMS(方法标准):535(M+H)Rt.:1.03min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.41(t,J=7.52Hz,3H)3.91(q,J=7.46Hz,2H)4.61(q,J=7.70Hz,2H)7.93(d,J=0.73Hz,1H)8.05(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.74(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)9.15-9.20(m,1H)
步骤C:2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(化合物P28,表P)的制备。
(化合物P28,表P)。
将3-溴-2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(0.1g,0.1875mmol)溶于1,4-二噁烷(2mL)中,添加碳酸钾(0.07854g,0.5626mmol),并用氩气吹扫混合物10分钟。然后添加2,4,6-三甲基-1,3,5,2,4,6-三氧杂三硼杂环己烷(0.0391mL,0.2813mmol)和钯;三苯基磷烷(0.04335g,0.03751mmol)。将混合物在95℃加热一晚。将反应混合物在室温下冷却。添加水和乙酸乙酯,并将水层用乙酸乙酯反萃取2次。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在40℃下真空蒸发。通过硅胶色谱法(用二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯梯度)纯化粗产物,得到2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶。
LCMS(方法标准):469(M+H),Rt:1.00min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.40(t,J=7.34Hz,3H)2.70(s,3H)3.96(q,J=7.58Hz,2H)4.60(q,J=7.83Hz,2H)7.91(s,1H)8.06(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.70(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.98(s,1H)
实例H8:2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2-甲氧基-1-甲基-乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(化合物P29,表P)的合成
(化合物P29,表P)
将5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(0.400g,1.07mmol)和三苯膦(0.342g,1.29mmol)悬浮于干四氢呋喃(4.80mL)中。向所得混合物中添加1-甲氧基丙-2-醇(0.116mL,1.18mmol),然后添加偶氮甲酸二异丙酯(0.270mL,1.29mmol)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌3h 30。然后将反应在0℃下用水小心地淬灭,并用乙酸乙酯稀释。将水层用乙酸乙酯反萃取两次。将有机层合并,用盐水洗涤,经硫酸盐干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法纯化获得的粗产物,得到2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(2-甲氧基-1-甲基-乙氧基)-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶。
LCMS(方法标准):445(M+H),Rt:0.92min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.37(t,J=7.52Hz,3H)1.42(d,J=6.24Hz,3H)3.44(s,3H)3.58-3.70(m,2H)3.81-3.93(m,2H)4.80(td,J=6.42,3.67Hz,1H)7.96(s,1H)8.09(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)8.29(s,1H)8.62(d,J=2.93Hz,1H)9.16(s,1H)
实例H9:5-乙基磺酰基-2-碘-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(化合物P30,表P)的合成
(化合物P30,表P)
在氩气下将5-乙基磺酰基-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇(0.25g,0.6715mmol)和碳酸钠(0.1495g,1.410mmol)悬浮于乙腈(2.7mL)和水(2.686mL)中。向所得混合物中添加分子碘(0.205g,0.8058mmol)。将所得的橙色/红色溶液在室温下搅拌一晚。将反应在70℃下搅拌5小时。再次添加分子碘(0.205g,0.8058mmol),并将反应在室温下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用硫代硫酸钠淬灭并搅拌15分钟。所得混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。将有机层分离,用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(用二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯的梯度)纯化粗产物,得到5-乙基磺酰基-2-碘-6-[7-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶-2-基]吡啶-3-醇。
LC-MS:499(MH),Rt:0.89min
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿)δppm 1.22(t,J=7.52Hz,3H)4.01(q,J=7.34Hz,2H)8.33(s,1H)8.55(s,1H)9.63(d,J=0.73Hz,1H)11.95-12.09(m,1H)
实例H10:2-[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基亚磺酰基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(化合物P3,表P)的合成。
(化合物P3,表P)。
在氩气下将2-[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基硫烷基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶(0.1087g,0.2321mmol,在实例H3中制备)溶解于二氯甲烷(2.3mL)中。将黄色溶液冷却至0℃。将3-氯过氧苯甲酸(0.1201g,0.4873mmol)分若干部分添加到混合物中。将所得白色悬浮液在0℃下搅拌30分钟,然后将混合物温热至室温并搅拌1小时。将反应用5mL硫代硫酸钠淬灭,并在室温搅拌1小时。将所得混合物用DCM和饱和NaHCO3萃取。将水层用DCM萃取两次。将合并的有机层经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并蒸发。通过反相色谱法纯化粗产物,得到2-[5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-7-(三氟甲基亚磺酰基)咪唑并[1,2-c]嘧啶
LC-MS:485(M+H),Rt:0.84min
表P:优选的具有式I的化合物的物理化学和光谱性质:
通过添加其他杀昆虫、杀螨和/或杀真菌活性的成分,根据本发明的组合物的活性可以显著地加宽,并且适合于普遍情况。具有式I的化合物与其他杀昆虫、杀螨和/或杀真菌活性的成分的混合物还可以具有另外的出人意料的优点,这些优点还可以在更宽的意义上描述为协同活性。例如,植物对其更好的耐受性、降低的植物毒性、昆虫可以在它们的不同发育阶段得到控制、或者在它们的生产期间(例如,在研磨或者混合过程中,在它们的储藏或它们的使用过程中)更好的行为。
在这里,例如,添加的适当活性成分的代表是以下类别的活性成分:有机磷化合物、硝基苯酚衍生物、硫脲、保幼激素、甲脒、二苯甲酮衍生物、脲类、吡咯衍生物、氨基甲酸酯、拟除虫菊酯、氯化烃、酰基脲、吡啶基亚甲基氨基衍生物、大环内酯类、新烟碱以及苏芸金芽孢杆菌制剂。
以下具有式I的化合物与活性成分的混合物是优选的(缩写“TX”意为“选自下组的一种化合物,该组由描述于本发明的表1、2、3和Y中的化合物组成”):
佐剂,该佐剂选自由以下组成的物质组:石油(别名)(628)+TX,
杀螨剂,该杀螨剂选自由以下组成的物质组:1,1-双(4-氯苯基)-2-乙氧基乙醇(IUPAC名称)(910)+TX、2,4-二氯苯基苯磺酸盐(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1059)+TX、2-氟-N-甲基-N-1-萘基乙酰胺(IUPAC名称)(1295)+TX、4-氯苯基苯基砜(IUPAC名称)(981)+TX、阿巴美丁(1)+TX、灭螨醌(3)+TX、乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、氟丙菊酯(9)+TX、涕灭威(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(863)+TX、α-氯氰菊酯(202)+TX、赛果(870)+TX、磺胺螨酯[CCN]+TX、果满磷(872)+TX、胺吸磷(875)+TX、胺吸磷草酸氢盐(875)+TX、双甲脒(24)+TX、杀螨特(881)+TX、三氧化二砷(882)+TX、AVI 382(化合物代码)+TX、AZ 60541(化合物代码)+TX、乙基谷硫磷(44)+TX、甲基谷硫磷(45)+TX、偶氮苯(IUPAC名称)(888)+TX、三唑锡(46)+TX、偶氮磷(889)+TX、苯菌灵(62)+TX、苯噁磷(别名)[CCN]+TX、苯螨特(71)+TX、苯甲酸苄酯(IUPAC名称)[CCN]+TX、联苯肼酯(74)+TX、联苯菊酯(76)+TX、乐杀螨(907)+TX、溴灭菊酯(别名)+TX、溴烯杀(918)+TX、溴硫磷(920)+TX、乙基溴硫磷(921)+TX、溴螨酯(94)+TX、稻虱净(99)+TX、丁酮威(103)+TX、丁酮砜威(104)+TX、丁基哒螨灵(别名)+TX、多硫化钙(IUPAC名称)(111)+TX、毒杀芬(941)+TX、氯灭杀威(943)+TX、西维因(115)+TX、卡巴呋喃(118)+TX、三硫磷(947)+TX、CGA 50’439(开发代码)(125)+TX、灭螨猛(126)+TX、氯杀螨(959)+TX、杀虫脒(964)+TX、杀虫脒盐酸盐(964)+TX、溴虫腈(130)+TX、杀螨醇(968)+TX、杀螨酯(970)+TX、敌螨丹(971)+TX、毒虫畏(131)+TX、克氯苯(975)+TX、灭螨眯(977)+TX、灭虫脲(978)+TX、丙酯杀螨醇(983)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、甲基毒死蜱(146)+TX、虫螨磷(994)+TX、瓜菊酯I(696)+TX、瓜菊酯II(696)+TX、瓜菊酯(696)+TX、四螨嗪(158)+TX、氯氰碘柳胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、蝇毒磷(174)+TX、克罗米通(别名)[CCN]+TX、丁烯磷(1010)+TX、硫杂灵(1013)+TX、果虫磷(1020)+TX、丁氟螨酯(CAS登记号:400882-07-7)+TX、三氟氯氰菊酯(196)+TX、三环锡(199)+TX、氯氰菊酯(201)+TX、DCPM(1032)+TX、DDT(219)+TX、田乐磷(1037)+TX、田乐磷-O(1037)+TX、田乐磷-S(1037)+TX、内吸磷(1038)+TX、内吸磷甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-O(1038)+TX、内吸磷-O-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S(1038)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基砜(1039)+TX、丁醚脲(226)+TX、氯亚胺硫磷(1042)+TX、二嗪农(227)+TX、抑菌灵(230)+TX、敌敌畏(236)+TX、二克磷(dicliphos)(别名)+TX、开乐散(242)+TX、百治磷(243)+TX、除螨灵(1071)+TX、甲氟磷(1081)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、二活菌素(别名)(653)+TX、消螨酚(1089)+TX、消螨酚(dinex-diclexine)(1089)+TX、消螨通(269)+TX、敌螨普(270)+TX、敌螨普-4[CCN]+TX、敌螨普-6[CCN]+TX、邻敌螨消(1090)+TX、硝戊酯(1092)+TX、硝辛酯(1097)+TX、硝丁酯(1098)+TX、敌杀磷(1102)+TX、二苯砜(IUPAC名称)(1103)+TX、戒酒硫(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙拌磷(278)+TX、DNOC(282)+TX、苯氧炔螨(1113)+TX、多拉菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、硫丹(294)+TX、因毒磷(1121)+TX、EPN(297)+TX、依立诺克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙硫磷(309)+TX、益果(1134)+TX、乙螨唑(320)+TX、乙嘧硫磷(1142)+TX、抗螨唑(1147)+TX、喹螨醚(328)+TX、苯丁锡(330)+TX、苯硫威(337)+TX、甲氰菊酯(342)+TX、吡螨胺(别名)+TX、唑螨酯(345)+TX、除螨酯(1157)+TX、芳氟胺(1161)+TX、氰戊菊酯(349)+TX、氟虫腈(354)+TX、嘧螨酯(360)+TX、啶蜱脲(1166)+TX、氟螨噻(1167)+TX、氟环脲(366)+TX、氟氰戊菊酯(367)+TX、联氟螨(1169)+TX、氟虫脲(370)+TX、氟氯苯菊酯(372)+TX、氟杀螨(1174)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(1184)+TX、FMC1137(开发代码)(1185)+TX、杀螨脒(405)+TX、杀螨脒盐酸盐(405)+TX、安果(1192)+TX、胺甲威(1193)+TX、γ-HCH(430)+TX、果绿定(1205)+TX、苄螨醚(424)+TX、庚烯磷(432)+TX、十六烷基环丙烷甲酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1216)+TX、噻螨酮(441)+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、水胺硫磷(别名)(473)+TX、异丙基O-(甲氧基氨基硫代磷酰基)水杨酸盐(IUPAC名称)(473)+TX、伊佛霉素(别名)[CCN]+TX、茉莉菊酯I(696)+TX、茉莉菊酯II(696)+TX、碘硫磷(1248)+TX、灵丹(430)+TX、氯芬奴隆(490)+TX、马拉硫磷(492)+TX、丙螨氰(1254)+TX、灭蚜磷(502)+TX、地胺磷(1261)+TX、甲硫芬(别名)[CCN]+TX、虫螨畏(1266)+TX、甲胺磷(527)+TX、杀扑磷(529)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、灭多虫(531)+TX、甲基溴(537)+TX、速灭威(550)+TX、速灭磷(556)+TX、兹克威(1290)+TX、密灭汀(557)+TX、米尔贝肟(别名)[CCN]+TX、丙胺氟(1293)+TX、久效磷(561)+TX、茂果(1300)+TX、莫昔克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、二溴磷(567)+TX、NC-184(化合物代码)+TX、NC-512(化合物代码)+TX、氟蚁灵(1309)+TX、日光霉素(nikkomycins)(别名)[CCN]+TX、戊氰威(1313)+TX、戊氰威1:1氯化锌络合物(1313)+TX、NNI-0101(化合物代码)+TX、NNI-0250(化合物代码)+TX、氧化乐果(594)+TX、草氨酰(602)+TX、异亚砜磷(1324)+TX、砜拌磷(1325)+TX、pp'-DDT(219)+TX、对硫磷(615)+TX、苄氯菊酯(626)+TX、石油(别名)(628)+TX、芬硫磷(1330)+TX、稻丰散(631)+TX、甲拌磷(636)+TX、伏杀磷(637)+TX、硫环磷(1338)+TX、亚胺硫磷(638)+TX、磷胺(639)+TX、辛硫磷(642)+TX、甲基嘧啶磷(652)+TX、聚氯萜烯(传统名称)(1347)+TX、浏阳霉素(别名)(653)+TX、丙氯醇(1350)+TX、丙溴磷(662)+TX、蜱虱威(1354)+TX、克螨特(671)+TX、巴胺磷(673)+TX、残杀威(678)+TX、乙噻唑磷(1360)+TX、发硫磷(1362)+TX、除虫菊酯I(696)+TX、除虫菊酯II(696)+TX、除虫菊酯(696)+TX、哒螨灵(699)+TX、哒嗪硫磷(701)+TX、嘧螨醚(706)+TX、嘧硫磷(1370)+TX、喹硫磷(quinalphos)(711)+TX、喹硫磷(quintiofos)(1381)+TX、R-1492(开发代码)(1382)+TX、RA-17(开发代码)(1383)+TX、鱼藤酮(722)+TX、八甲磷(1389)+TX、克线丹(别名)+TX、司拉克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、SI-0009(化合物代码)+TX、苏硫磷(1402)+TX、螺螨酯(738)+TX、螺甲螨酯(739)+TX、SSI-121(开发代码)(1404)+TX、舒非仑(别名)[CCN]+TX、氟虫胺(750)+TX、治螟磷(753)+TX、硫磺(754)+TX、SZI-121(开发代码)(757)+TX、τ-氟胺氰菊酯(398)+TX、吡螨胺(763)+TX、TEPP(1417)+TX、叔丁威(别名)+TX、杀虫畏(777)+TX、四氯杀螨砜(786)+TX、杀螨素(别名)(653)+TX、杀螨好(1425)+TX、噻芬诺(别名)+TX、抗虫威(1431)+TX、久效威(800)+TX、甲基乙拌磷(801)+TX、克杀螨(1436)+TX、苏云金素(别名)[CCN]+TX、威菌磷(1441)+TX、苯螨噻(1443)+TX、三唑磷(820)+TX、唑蚜威(triazuron)(别名)+TX、敌百虫(824)+TX、三氯丙氧磷(1455)+TX、三活菌素(别名)(653)+TX、蚜灭多(847)+TX、氟吡唑虫(vaniliprole)[CCN]和YI-5302(化合物代码)+TX、
杀藻剂,该杀藻剂选自由以下组成的物质组:3-苯并[b]噻吩-2-基-5,6-二氢-1,4,2-噁噻嗪-4-氧化物[CCN]+TX、二辛酸铜(IUPAC名称)(170)+TX、硫酸铜(172)+TX、cybutryne[CCN]+TX、二氢萘醌(dichlone)(1052)+TX、双氯酚(232)+TX、茵多酸(295)+TX、三苯锡(fentin)(347)+TX、熟石灰[CCN]+TX、代森钠(nabam)(566)+TX、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)(714)+TX、醌萍胺(quinonamid)(1379)+TX、西玛津(730)+TX、三苯锡乙酸盐(IUPAC名称)(347)和氢氧化三苯锡(IUPAC名称)(347)+TX,
驱蠕虫剂,该驱蠕虫剂选自由以下组成的物质组:阿巴美丁(1)+TX、克芦磷酯(1011)+TX、多拉克汀(别名)[CCN]+TX、依马克丁(291)+TX、依马克丁苯甲酸酯(291)+TX、依立诺克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、伊维菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、米尔贝肟(别名)[CCN]+TX、莫昔克丁(别名)[CCN]+Tx、哌嗪[CCN]+TX、塞拉菌素(selamectin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、多杀菌素(737)和硫菌灵(thiophanate)(1435)+TX,
杀鸟剂,该杀鸟剂选自由以下组成的物质组:氯醛糖(127)+TX、异狄氏剂(1122)+TX、倍硫磷(346)+TX、吡啶-4-胺(IUPAC名称)(23)和士的宁(745)+TX,
杀细菌剂,该杀细菌剂选自由以下组成的物质组:1-羟基-1H-吡啶-2-硫酮(IUPAC名称)(1222)+TX、4-(喹喔啉-2-基氨基)苯磺酰胺(IUPAC名称)(748)+TX、8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐(446)+TX、溴硝醇(97)+TX、二辛酸铜(IUPAC名称)(170)+TX、氢氧化铜(IUPAC名称)(169)+TX、甲酚[CCN]+TX、双氯酚(232)+TX、双吡硫翁(1105)+TX、多地辛(1112)+TX、敌磺钠(fenaminosulf)(1144)+TX、甲醛(404)+TX、汞加芬(别名)[CCN]+TX、春雷霉素(483)+TX、春雷霉素盐酸盐水合物(483)+TX、二(二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸盐)镍(IUPAC名称)(1308)+TX、三氯甲基吡啶(nitrapyrin)(580)+TX、辛噻酮(octhilinone)(590)+TX、奥索利酸(606)+TX、土霉素(611)+TX、羟基喹啉硫酸钾(446)+TX、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)(658)+TX、链霉素(744)+TX、链霉素倍半硫酸盐(744)+TX、叶枯酞(766)+TX、和硫柳汞(别名)[CCN]+TX,
生物试剂,该生物试剂选自由以下组成的物质组:棉褐带卷蛾颗粒体病毒(Adoxophyes orana GV)(别名)(12)+TX、放射形土壤杆菌(别名)(13)+TX、捕食螨(Amblyseius spp.)(别名)(19)+TX、芹菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(Anagrapha falcifera NPV)(别名)(28)+TX、原樱翅缨小蜂(Anagrus atomus)(别名)(29)+TX、短距蚜小蜂(Aphelinusabdominalis)(别名)(33)+TX、棉蚜寄生蜂(Aphidius colemani)(别名)(34)+TX、食蚜瘿蚊(Aphidoletes aphidimyza)(别名)(35)+TX、苜蓿银纹夜蛾核多角体病毒(Autographacalifornica NPV)(别名)(38)+TX、坚硬芽孢杆菌(Bacillus firmus)(别名)(48)+TX、球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sphaericus Neide)(学名)(49)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillusthuringiensis Berliner)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.aizawai)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.israelensis)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌日本亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.japonensis)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.kurstaki)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌拟步行甲亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis)(学名)(51)+TX、球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)(别名)(53)+TX、布氏白僵菌(Beauveria brongniartii)(别名)(54)+TX、草蜻蛉(Chrysoperla carnea)(别名)(151)+TX、孟氏隐唇瓢虫(Cryptolaemusmontrouzieri)(别名)(178)+TX、苹果蠹蛾颗粒体病毒(Cydia pomonella GV)(别名)(191)+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂(Dacnusa sibirica)(别名)(212)+TX、豌豆潜叶蝇姬小蜂(Diglyphus isaea)(别名)(254)+TX、丽蚜小蜂(Encarsia formosa)(学名)(293)+TX、桨角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)(别名)(300)+TX、玉米穗夜蛾核多角体病毒(Helicoverpazea NPV)(别名)(431)+TX、嗜菌异小杆线虫(Heterorhabditis bacteriophora)和H.megidis(别名)(433)+TX、会聚长足瓢虫(Hippodamia convergens)(别名)(442)+TX、橘粉介壳虫寄生蜂(Leptomastix dactylopii)(别名)(488)+TX、盲蝽(Macrolophuscaliginosus)(别名)(491)+TX、甘蓝夜蛾核多角体病毒(Mamestra brassicae NPV)(别名)(494)+TX、黄阔柄跳小蜂(Metaphycus helvolus)(别名)(522)+TX、黄绿绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae var.acridum)(学名)(523)+TX、金龟子绿僵菌小孢变种(Metarhizium anisopliae var.anisopliae)(学名)(523)+TX、松黄叶蜂(Neodiprionsertifer)核多角体病毒和红头松树叶蜂(N.lecontei)核多角体病毒(别名)(575)+TX、小花蝽属物种(别名)(596)+TX、玫烟色拟青霉(Paecilomyces fumosoroseus)(别名)(613)+TX、智利捕植螨(Phytoseiulus persimilis)(别名)(644)+TX、甜菜夜蛾(Spodopteraexigua multicapsid)多核衣壳核多角体病毒(学名)(741)+TX、毛蚊线虫(Steinernemabibionis)(别名)(742)+TX、小卷蛾斯氏线虫(Steinernema carpocapsae)(别名)(742)+TX、夜蛾斯氏线虫(别名)(742)+TX、格氏线虫(Steinernema glaseri)(别名)(742)+TX、锐比斯氏线虫(Steinernema riobrave)(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema riobravis(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema scapterisci(别名)(742)+TX、斯氏线虫属(Steinernema spp.)(别名)(742)+TX、赤眼蜂属(别名)(826)+TX、西方盲走螨(Typhlodromus occidentalis)(别名)(844)和蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)(别名)(848)+TX,
土壤消毒剂,该土壤消毒剂选自由以下组成的物质组:碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)和溴甲烷(537)+TX,
化学不育剂,该化学不育剂选自由以下组成的物质组:唑磷嗪(apholate)[CCN]+TX、双(氮丙啶)甲氨基膦硫化物(bisazir)(别名)[CCN]+TX、白消安(别名)[CCN]+TX、除虫脲(250)+TX、迪麦替夫(dimatif)(别名)[CCN]+TX、六甲蜜胺(hemel)[CCN]+TX、六甲磷(hempa)[CCN]+TX、甲基涕巴(metepa)[CCN]+TX、甲硫涕巴(methiotepa)[CCN]+TX、不育特(methyl apholate)[CCN]+TX、不孕啶(morzid)[CCN]+TX、氟幼脲(penfluron)(别名)[CCN]+TX、涕巴(tepa)[CCN]+TX、硫代六甲磷(thiohempa)(别名)[CCN]+TX、硫涕巴(别名)[CCN]+TX、曲他胺(别名)[CCN]和尿烷亚胺(别名)[CCN]+TX,
昆虫信息素,该昆虫信息素选自由以下组成的物质组:(E)-癸-5-烯-1-基乙酸酯与(E)-癸-5-烯-1-醇(IUPAC名称)(222)+TX、(E)-十三碳-4-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(829)+TX、(E)-6-甲基庚-2-烯-4-醇(IUPAC名称)(541)+TX、(E,Z)-十四碳-4,10-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(779)+TX、(Z)-十二碳-7-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(285)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-11-烯醛(IUPAC名称)(436)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-11-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(437)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-13-烯-11-炔-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(438)+TX、(Z)-二十-13-烯-10-酮(IUPAC名称)(448)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-7-烯-1-醛(IUPAC名称)(782)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-9-烯-1-醇(IUPAC名称)(783)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-9-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(784)+TX、(7E,9Z)-十二碳-7,9-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(283)+TX、(9Z,11E)-十四碳-9,11-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(780)+TX、(9Z,12E)-十四碳-9,12-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(781)+TX、14-甲基十八碳-1-烯(IUPAC名称)(545)+TX、4-甲基壬-5-醇与4-甲基壬-5-酮(IUPAC名称)(544)+TX、α-多纹素(multistriatin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、西部松小蠹集合信息素(brevicomin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、十二碳二烯醇(codlelure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、可得蒙(codlemone)(别名)(167)+TX、诱蝇酮(cuelure)(别名)(179)+TX、环氧十九烷(disparlure)(277)+TX、十二碳-8-烯-1基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(286)+TX、十二碳-9-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(287)+TX、十二碳-8+TX、10-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(284)+TX、dominicalure(别名)[CCN]+TX、4-甲基辛酸乙酯(IUPAC名称)(317)+TX、丁香酚(别名)[CCN]+TX、南部松小蠹集合信息素(frontalin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫十六酯(gossyplure)(别名)(420)+TX、诱杀烯混剂(grandlure)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂I(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂II(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂III(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂IV(别名)(421)+TX、醋酸十六烯酯(hexalure)[CCN]+TX、齿小蠹二烯醇(ipsdienol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、小蠢烯醇(ipsenol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、金龟子性诱剂(japonilure)(别名)(481)+TX、lineatin(别名)[CCN]+TX、litlure(别名)[CCN]+TX、粉纹夜蛾性诱剂(looplure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱杀酯(medlure)[CCN]+TX、megatomoic acid(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫醚(methyl eugenol)(别名)(540)+TX、诱虫烯(muscalure)(563)+TX、十八碳-2,13-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(588)+TX、十八碳-3,13-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(589)+TX、贺康彼(orfralure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、oryctalure(别名)(317)+TX、非乐康(ostramone)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫环(siglure)[CCN]+TX、sordidin(别名)(736)+TX、食菌甲诱醇(sulcatol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、十四碳-11-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(785)+TX、特诱酮(839)+TX、特诱酮A(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮B1(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮B2(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮C(别名)(839)和trunc-call(别名)[CCN]+TX,
昆虫驱避剂,该昆虫驱避剂选自由以下组成的物质组:2-(辛基硫代)乙醇(IUPAC名称)(591)+TX、避蚊酮(butopyronoxyl)(933)+TX、丁氧基(聚丙二醇)(936)+TX、己二酸二丁酯(IUPAC名称)(1046)+TX、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(1047)+TX、丁二酸二丁酯(IUPAC名称)(1048)+TX、避蚊胺[CCN]+TX、驱蚊酯(dimethyl carbate)[CCN]+TX、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯[CCN]+TX、乙基己二醇(1137)+TX、己脲[CCN]+TX、甲喹丁(methoquin-butyl)(1276)+TX、甲基新癸酰胺[CCN]+TX、氨羰基甲酸酯(oxamate)[CCN]和羟哌酯[CCN]+TX,
杀昆虫剂,该杀昆虫剂选自由以下组成的物质组:1-二氯-1-硝基乙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1058)+TX、1,1-二氯-2,2-双(4-乙基苯基)乙烷(IUPAC名称)(1056)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1062)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷与1,3-二氯丙烯(IUPAC名称)(1063)+TX、1-溴-2-氯乙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(916)+TX、2,2,2-三氯-1-(3,4-二氯苯基)乙基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(1451)+TX、2,2-二氯乙烯基2-乙基亚磺酰基乙基甲基磷酸酯(IUPAC名称)(1066)+TX、2-(1,3-二硫杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1109)+TX、2-(2-丁氧基乙氧基)乙基硫氰酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(935)+TX、2-(4,5-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1084)+TX、2-(4-氯-3,5-二甲苯基氧基)乙醇(IUPAC名称)(986)+TX、2-氯乙烯基二乙基磷酸酯(IUPAC名称)(984)+TX、2-咪唑烷酮(IUPAC名称)(1225)+TX、2-异戊酰基茚满-1,3-二酮(IUPAC名称)(1246)+TX、2-甲基(丙-2-炔基)氨基苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名称)(1284)+TX、2-硫代氰酰乙基月桂酸酯(IUPAC名称)(1433)+TX、3-溴-1-氯丙-1-烯(IUPAC名称)(917)+TX、3-甲基-1-苯基吡唑-5-基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名称)(1283)+TX、4-甲基(丙-2-炔基)氨基-3,5-二甲苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名称)(1285)+TX、5,5-二甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名称)(1085)+TX、阿巴美丁(1)+TX、乙酰甲胺磷(2)+TX、啶虫脒(4)+TX、家蝇磷(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、氟丙菊酯(9)+TX、丙烯腈(IUPAC名称)(861)+TX、棉铃威(15)+TX、涕灭威(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(863)+TX、阿耳德林(864)+TX、丙烯菊酯(17)+TX、阿洛氨菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、除害威(866)+TX、α-氯氰菊酯(202)+TX、α-蜕皮激素(别名)[CCN]+TX、磷化铝(640)+TX、赛果(870)+TX、果满磷(872)+TX、灭害威(873)+TX、胺吸磷(875)+TX、草酸氢胺吸磷(875)+TX、双甲脒(24)+TX、新烟碱(877)+TX、乙基杀扑磷(883)+TX、AVI 382(化合物代码)+TX、AZ 60541(化合物代码)+TX、印楝素(别名)(41)+TX、甲基吡啶磷(42)+TX、益棉磷(44)+TX、甲基谷硫磷(45)+TX、偶氮磷(889)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌δ-内毒素(别名)(52)+TX、六氟合硅酸钡(别名)[CCN]+TX、多硫化钡(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(892)+TX、熏菊酯[CCN]+TX、拜耳22/190(开发代码)(893)+TX、拜耳22408(开发代码)(894)+TX、恶虫威(58)+TX、丙硫克百威(60)+TX、杀虫磺(66)+TX、β-氟氯氰菊酯(194)+TX、β-氯氰菊酯(203)+TX、联苯菊酯(76)+TX、生物丙烯菊酯(78)+TX、生物丙烯菊酯S-环戊烯基异构体(别名)(79)+TX、生物环呋菊酯(bioethanomethrin)[CCN]+TX、生物氯菊酯(908)+TX、生物苄呋菊酯(80)+TX、双(2-氯乙基)醚(IUPAC名称)(909)+TX、双三氟虫脲(83)+TX、硼砂(86)+TX、溴灭菊酯(别名)+TX、溴苯烯磷(914)+TX、溴烯杀(918)+TX、溴-DDT(别名)[CCN]+TX、溴硫磷(920)+TX、溴硫磷-乙基(921)+TX、合杀威(924)+TX、噻嗪酮(99)+TX、畜虫威(926)+TX、特嘧硫磷(butathiofos)(927)+TX、丁酮威(103)+TX、丁酯磷(932)+TX、丁酮砜威(104)+TX、丁基哒螨灵(别名)+TX、硫线磷(109)+TX、砷酸钙[CCN]+TX、氰化钙(444)+TX、多硫化钙(IUPAC名称)(111)+TX、毒杀芬(941)+TX、氯灭杀威(943)+TX、西维因(115)+TX、克百威(118)+TX、二硫化碳(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(945)+TX、四氯化碳(IUPAC名称)(946)+TX、三硫磷(947)+TX、丁硫克百威(119)+TX、杀螟丹(123)+TX、杀螟丹盐酸盐(123)+TX、藜芦碱(别名)(725)+TX、冰片丹(960)+TX、氯丹(128)+TX、十氯酮(963)+TX、杀虫脒(964)+TX、杀虫脒盐酸盐(964)+TX、氯氧磷(129)+TX、溴虫腈(130)+TX、毒虫畏(131)+TX、氟啶脲(132)+TX、氯甲磷(136)+TX、氯仿[CCN]+TX、氯化苦(141)+TX、氯腈肟磷(989)+TX、灭虫吡啶(chlorprazophos)(990)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、甲基毒死蜱(146)+TX、虫螨磷(994)+TX、环虫酰肼(150)+TX、瓜菊酯I(696)+TX、瓜菊酯II(696)+TX、瓜菊酯(696)+TX、顺式苄呋菊酯(别名)+TX、苄呋菊酯(80)+TX、功夫菊酯(别名)+TX、除线威(999)+TX、氯氰碘柳胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、噻虫胺(165)+TX、乙酰亚砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、油酸铜[CCN]+TX、蝇毒磷(174)+TX、畜虫磷(1006)+TX、克罗米通(别名)[CCN]+TX、丁烯磷(1010)+TX、育畜磷(1011)+TX、冰晶石(别名)(177)+TX、CS 708(开发代码)(1012)+TX、苯腈膦(1019)+TX、杀螟腈(184)+TX、果虫磷(1020)+TX、环虫菊[CCN]+TX、乙氰菊酯(188)+TX、氟氯氰菊酯(193)+TX、氯氟氰菊酯(196)+TX、氯氰菊酯(201)+TX、苯氰菊酯(206)+TX、灭蝇胺(209)+TX、赛灭磷(别名)[CCN]+TX、d-柠檬烯(别名)[CCN]+TX、d-胺菊酯(别名)(788)+TX、DAEP(1031)+TX、棉隆(216)+TX、DDT(219)+TX、二克百威(decarbofuran)(1034)+TX、溴氰菊酯(223)+TX、田乐磷(1037)+TX、田乐磷-O(1037)+TX、田乐磷-S(1037)+TX、内吸磷(1038)+TX、内吸磷-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-O(1038)+TX、内吸磷-O-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S(1038)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基砜(demeton-S-methylsulphon)(1039)+TX、杀螨隆(226)+TX、氯亚磷(1042)+TX、除线特(diamidafos)(1044)+TX、二嗪农(227)+TX、异氯磷(1050)+TX、除线磷(1051)+TX、敌敌畏(236)+TX、dicliphos(别名)+TX、dicresyl(别名)[CCN]+TX、百治磷(243)+TX、地昔尼尔(244)+TX、狄氏剂(1070)+TX、二乙基5-甲基吡唑-3-基磷酸酯(IUPAC名称)(1076)+TX、除虫脲(250)+TX、二羟丙茶碱(dilor)(别名)[CCN]+TX、四氟甲醚菊酯[CCN]+TX、甲氟磷(1081)+TX、地麦威(1085)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、苄菊酯(1083)+TX、甲基毒虫畏(265)+TX、敌蝇威(1086)+TX、消螨酚(1089)+TX、消螨酚-diclexine(1089)+TX、硝丙酚(1093)+TX、戊硝酚(1094)+TX、地乐酚(1095)+TX、呋虫胺(271)+TX、苯虫醚(1099)+TX、蔬果磷(1100)+TX、二氧威(1101)+TX、敌杀磷(1102)+TX、乙拌磷(278)+TX、dithicrofos(1108)+TX、DNOC(282)+TX、多拉克汀(别名)[CCN]+TX、DSP(1115)+TX、蜕皮甾酮(别名)[CCN]+TX、EI 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60-38(开发代码)(1328)+TX、酚硫磷(phenkapton)(1330)+TX、苯醚菊酯(630)+TX、稻丰散(631)+TX、甲拌磷(636)+TX、伏杀硫磷(637)+TX、硫环磷(1338)+TX、亚胺硫磷(638)+TX、对氯硫磷(1339)+TX、磷胺(639)+TX、磷化氢(IUPAC名称)(640)+TX、辛硫磷(642)+TX、辛硫磷-甲基(1340)+TX、甲胺嘧磷(pirimetaphos)(1344)+TX、抗蚜威(651)+TX、乙基嘧啶磷(1345)+TX、甲基嘧啶磷(652)+TX、多氯二环戊二烯异构体(IUPAC名称)(1346)+TX、多氯萜烯(惯用名)(1347)+TX、亚砷酸钾[CCN]+TX、硫氰酸钾[CCN]+TX、炔丙菊酯(655)+TX、早熟素I(别名)[CCN]+TX、早熟素II(别名)[CCN]+TX、早熟素III(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙酰嘧啶磷(primidophos)(1349)+TX、丙溴磷(662)+TX、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)[CCN]+TX、蜱虱威(1354)+TX、猛杀威(1355)+TX、丙虫磷(1356)+TX、胺丙畏(673)+TX、残杀威(678)+TX、乙噻唑磷(1360)+TX、丙硫磷(686)+TX、发果(1362)+TX、丙苯烃菊酯(protrifenbute)[CCN]+TX、吡蚜酮(688)+TX、吡唑硫磷(689)+TX、定菌磷(693)+TX、反灭虫菊(pyresmethrin)(1367)+TX、除虫菊酯I(696)+TX、除虫菊酯II(696)+TX、除虫菊酯(696)+TX、哒螨灵(699)+TX、啶虫丙醚(700)+TX、哒嗪硫磷(701)+TX、嘧螨醚(706)+TX、嘧硫磷(1370)+TX、蚊蝇醚(708)+TX、苦木(别名)[CCN]+TX、喹硫磷(711)+TX、喹硫磷-甲基(1376)+TX、畜宁磷(quinothion)(1380)+TX、喹硫磷(1381)+TX、R-1492(开发代码)(1382)+TX、碘醚柳胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、苄呋菊脂(719)+TX、鱼藤酮(722)+TX、RU 15525(开发代码)(723)+TX、RU25475(开发代码)(1386)+TX、鱼尼丁(别名)(1387)+TX、利阿诺定(惯用名)(1387)+TX、藜芦碱(别名)(725)+TX、八甲磷(1389)+TX、克线丹(别名)+TX、司拉克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、SI-0009(化合物代码)+TX、SI-0205(化合物代码)+TX、SI-0404(化合物代码)+TX、SI-0405(化合物代码)+TX、氟硅菊酯(728)+TX、SN 72129(开发代码)(1397)+TX、亚砷酸钠[CCN]+TX、氰化钠(444)+TX、氟化钠(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1399)+TX、氟硅酸钠(1400)+TX、五氯酚钠(623)+TX、硒酸钠(IUPAC名称)(1401)+TX、硫氰酸钠[CCN]+TX、苏硫磷(1402)+TX、多杀菌素(737)+TX、螺甲螨酯(739)+TX、螺虫乙酯(spirotetrmat)(CCN)+TX、sulcofuron(746)+TX、sulcofuron-sodium(746)+TX、氟虫胺(750)+TX、治螟磷(753)+TX、磺酰氟(756)+TX、硫丙磷(1408)+TX、焦油(别名)(758)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(398)+TX、噻螨威(1412)+TX、TDE(1414)+TX、虫酰肼(762)+TX、吡螨胺(763)+TX、丁基嘧啶磷(764)+TX、氟苯脲(768)+TX、七氟菊酯(769)+TX、双硫磷(770)+TX、TEPP(1417)+TX、环戊烯丙菊酯(1418)+TX、叔丁威(别名)+TX、特丁磷(773)+TX、四氯乙烷[CCN]+TX、杀虫畏(777)+TX、胺菊酯(787)+TX、高效反式氯氰菊酯(204)+TX、噻虫啉(791)+TX、thiafenox(别名)+TX、噻虫嗪(792)+TX、噻氯磷(thicrofos)(1428)+TX、抗虫威(1431)+TX、杀虫环(798)+TX、杀虫环草酸盐(798)+TX、硫双威(799)+TX、久效威(800)+TX、甲基乙拌磷(801)+TX、虫线磷(1434)+TX、杀虫单(thiosultap)(803)+TX、杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)(803)+TX、苏云金素(别名)[CCN]+TX、唑虫酰胺(809)+TX、四溴菊酯(812)+TX、四氟苯菊酯(813)+TX、transpermethrin(1440)+TX、三唑磷胺(1441)+TX、唑蚜威(818)+TX、三唑磷(820)+TX、triazuron(别名)+TX、敌百虫(824)+TX、trichlormetaphos-3(别名)[CCN]+TX、毒壤膦(1452)+TX、三氯丙氧磷(trifenofos)(1455)+TX、杀铃脲(835)+TX、混杀威(840)+TX、烯虫硫酯(1459)+TX、蚜灭多(847)+TX、氟吡唑虫(vaniliprole)[CCN]+TX、藜芦定(别名)(725)+TX、藜芦碱(别名)(725)+TX、XMC(853)+TX、灭杀威(854)+TX、YI-5302(化合物代码)+TX、ζ-氯氰菊酯(205)+TX、zetamethrin(别名)+TX、磷化锌(640)+TX、zolaprofos(1469)和ZXI 8901(开发代码)(858)+TX、氰虫酰胺[736994-63-19+TX、氯虫苯甲酰胺[500008-45-7]+TX、腈吡螨酯[560121-52-0]+TX、丁氟螨酯[400882-07-7]+TX、新喹唑啉(pyrifluquinazon)[337458-27-2]+TX、乙基多杀菌素[187166-40-1+187166-15-0]+TX、螺虫乙酯[203313-25-1]+TX、砜虫啶[946578-00-3]+TX、丁虫腈[704886-18-0]+TX、氯氟醚菊酯[915288-13-0]+TX、四氟醚菊酯[84937-88-2]+TX、三氟苯嘧啶(triflumezopyrim)(披露于WO 2012/092115中)+TX,氟噁唑酰胺(fluxametamide)(WO2007/026965)+TX、ε-甲氧苄氟菊酯[240494-71-7]+TX、ε-momfluorothrin[1065124-65-3]+TX、fluazaindolizine[1254304-22-7]+TX、氯碱丙炔菊酯[399572-87-3]+TX、fluxametamide[928783-29-3]+TX、氯氟氰虫酰胺(cyhalodiamide)[1262605-53-7]+TX、tioxazafen[330459-31-9]+TX、broflanilide[1207727-04-5]+TX、丁烯氟虫腈(flufiprole)[704886-18-0]+TX、环溴虫酰胺[1031756-98-5]+TX、氟氰虫酰胺[1229654-66-3]+TX、戊吡虫胍(描述于WO 2010/060231中)+TX、环氧虫啶(描述于WO 2005/077934中)+TX,Spiropidion+TX、双丙环虫酯+Tx、flupyrimin+TX、Momfluorothrin+TX、κ-联苯菊酯+TX、κ-七氟菊酯+TX、Dichloromezotiaz+TX、Tetrachloraniliprole+TX、benzpyrimoxan+TX;
杀软体动物剂,该杀软体动物剂选自由以下组成的物质组:二(三丁基锡)氧化物(IUPAC名称)(913)+TX、溴乙酰胺[CCN]+TX、砷酸钙[CCN]+TX、除线威(cloethocarb)(999)+TX、乙酰亚砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、硫酸铜(172)+TX、三苯锡(347)+TX、磷酸铁(IUPAC名称)(352)+TX、四聚乙醛(518)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、氯硝柳胺(576)+TX、氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐(576)+TX、五氯酚(623)+TX、五氯苯氧化钠(623)+TX、噻螨威(tazimcarb)(1412)+TX、硫双威(799)+TX、三丁基氧化锡(913)+TX、杀螺吗啉(trifenmorph)(1454)+TX、混杀威(trimethacarb)(840)+TX、乙酸三苯基锡(IUPAC名称)(347)和三苯基氢氧化锡(IUPAC名称)(347)+TX、皮瑞普(pyriprole)[394730-71-3]+TX,
杀线虫剂,所述杀线虫剂选自由以下组成的物质组:AKD-3088(化合物代码)+TX、1,2-二溴-3-氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1045)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1062)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷与1,3-二氯丙烯(IUPAC名称)(1063)+TX、1,3-二氯丙烯(233)+TX、3,4-二氯四氢噻吩1,1-二氧化物(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1065)+TX、3-(4-氯苯基)-5-甲基罗丹宁(IUPAC名称)(980)+TX、5-甲基-6-硫代-1,3,5-噻二嗪烷-3-基乙酸(IUPAC名称)(1286)+TX、6-异戊烯基氨基嘌呤(别名)(210)+TX、阿巴美丁(1)+TX、乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、棉铃威(15)+TX、涕灭威(aldicarb)(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(863)+TX、AZ 60541(化合物代码)+TX、苯氯噻唑(benclothiaz)[CCN]+TX、苯菌灵(62)+TX、丁基哒螨灵(别名)+TX、硫线磷(109)+TX、虫螨威(carbofuran)(118)+TX、二硫化碳(945)+TX、丁硫克百威(119)+TX、三氯硝基甲(141)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、除线威(999)+TX、细胞分裂素(别名)(210)+TX、棉隆(216)+TX、DBCP(1045)+TX、DCIP(218)+TX、除线特(diamidafos)(1044)+TX、除线磷(1051)+TX、二克磷(dicliphos)(别名)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、多拉菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、埃玛菌素(291)+TX、埃玛菌素苯甲酸盐(291)+TX、依立诺克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、灭线磷(312)+TX、二溴化乙烯(316)+TX、克线磷(326)+TX、吡螨胺(fenpyrad)(别名)+TX、丰索磷(1158)+TX、噻唑膦(408)+TX、丁硫环磷(1196)+TX、糠醛(别名)[CCN]+TX、GY-81(开发代码)(423)+TX、速杀硫磷[CCN]+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、艾沙米多福(isamidofos)(1230)+TX、氯唑磷(1231)+TX、伊佛霉素(别名)[CCN]+TX、激动素(别名)(210)+TX、甲基减蚜磷(1258)+TX、威百亩(519)+TX、威百亩钾盐(别名)(519)+TX、威百亩钠盐(519)+TX、甲基溴(537)+TX、甲基异硫氰酸酯(543)+TX、米尔贝肟(别名)[CCN]+TX、莫昔克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、疣孢漆斑菌(Myrothecium verrucaria)组合物(别名)(565)+TX、NC-184(化合物代码)+TX、草氨酰(602)+TX、甲拌磷(636)+TX、磷胺(639)+TX、磷虫威[CCN]+TX、克线丹(别名)+TX、司拉克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、多杀菌素(737)+TX、叔丁威(别名)+TX、特丁磷(773)+TX、四氯噻吩(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1422)+TX、thiafenox(别名)+TX、硫磷嗪(1434)+TX、三唑磷(820)+TX、唑蚜威(别名)+TX、二甲苯酚[CCN]+TX、YI-5302(化合物代码)和玉米素(别名)(210)+TX、氟噻虫砜(fluensulfone)[318290-98-1]+TX、氟吡菌酰胺+TX
硝化抑制剂,该硝化抑制剂选自由以下组成的物质组:乙基黄原酸钾[CCN]以及氯啶(nitrapyrin)(580)+TX,
植物激活剂,该植物激活剂选自由以下组成的物质组:噻二唑素(acibenzolar)(6)+TX、噻二唑素-S-甲基(6)+TX、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)(658)和大虎杖(Reynoutriasachalinensis)提取物(别名)(720)+TX,
杀鼠剂,该杀鼠剂选自由以下组成的物质组:2-异戊酰茚满-1,3-二酮(IUPAC名称)(1246)+TX、4-(喹喔啉-2-基氨基)苯磺酰胺(IUPAC名称)(748)+TX、α-氯代醇[CCN]+TX、磷化铝(640)+TX、安妥(880)+TX、三氧化二砷(882)+TX、碳酸钡(891)+TX、双鼠脲(912)+TX、溴鼠隆(89)+TX、溴敌隆(91)+TX、溴鼠胺(92)+TX、氰化钙(444)+TX、氮醛糖(127)+TX、氯鼠酮(140)+TX、维生素D3(别名)(850)+TX、氯灭鼠灵(1004)+TX、克灭鼠(1005)+TX、杀鼠萘(175)+TX、杀鼠嘧啶(1009)+TX、鼠得克(246)+TX、噻鼠灵(249)+TX、敌鼠钠(273)+TX、维生素D2(301)+TX、氟鼠灵(357)+TX、氟乙酰胺(379)+TX、鼠朴定(1183)+TX、盐酸鼠朴定(1183)+TX、γ-HCH(430)+TX、HCH(430)+TX、氢氰酸(444)+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、林旦(430)+TX、磷化镁(IUPAC名称)(640)+TX、溴甲烷(537)+TX、鼠特灵(1318)+TX、毒鼠磷(1336)+TX、磷化氢(IUPAC名称)(640)+TX、磷[CCN]+TX、杀鼠酮(1341)+TX、亚砷酸钾[CCN]+TX、灭鼠优(1371)+TX、海葱糖苷(1390)+TX、亚砷酸钠[CCN]+TX、氰化钠(444)+TX、氟乙酸钠(735)+TX、士的宁(745)+TX、硫酸铊[CCN]+TX、杀鼠灵(851)以及磷化锌(640)+TX,
增效剂,该增效剂选自由以下组成的物质组:2-(2-丁氧基乙氧基)乙基胡椒基酯(IUPAC名称)(934)+TX、5-(1,3-苯并二氧杂环戊烯-5-基)-3-己基环己-2-烯酮(IUPAC名称)(903)+TX、具有橙花叔醇的法呢醇(别名)(324)+TX、MB-599(研究代码)(498)+TX、MGK264(研究代码)(296)+TX、增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)(649)+TX、增效醛(piprotal)(1343)+TX、增效酯(propyl isomer)(1358)+TX、S421(研究代码)(724)+TX、增效散(sesamex)(1393)+TX、芝麻林素(sesasmolin)(1394)和亚砜(1406)+TX,
动物驱避剂,该动物驱避剂选自由以下组成的物质组:蒽醌(32)+TX、氯醛糖(127)+TX、环烷酸铜[CCN]+TX、王铜(171)+TX、二嗪磷(227)+TX、二环戊二烯(化学名称)(1069)+TX、双胍盐(guazatine)(422)+TX、双胍乙酸盐(422)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、吡啶-4-胺(IUPAC名称)(23)+TX、塞仑(804)+TX、混杀威(trimethacarb)(840)+TX、环烷酸锌[CCN]和福美锌(856)+TX,
杀病毒剂,该杀病毒剂选自由以下组成的物质组:衣马宁(别名)[CCN]和利巴韦林(别名)[CCN]+TX,
创伤保护剂,该创伤保护剂选自由以下组成的物质组:氧化汞(512)+TX、辛噻酮(octhilinone)(590)和甲基硫菌灵(802)+TX,
以及生物活性化合物,这些化合物选自由以下物质组成的组:阿扎康唑(60207-31-0]+TX、联苯三唑醇[70585-36-3]+TX、糠菌唑[116255-48-2]+TX、环丙唑醇[94361-06-5]+TX、苯醚甲环唑[119446-68-3]+TX、烯唑醇[83657-24-3]+TX、氟环唑[106325-08-0]+TX、腈苯唑[114369-43-6]+TX、氟喹唑[136426-54-5]+TX、氟硅唑[85509-19-9]+TX、粉唑醇[76674-21-0]+TX、己唑醇[79983-71-4]+TX、抑霉唑[35554-44-0]+TX、亚胺唑[86598-92-7]+TX、种菌唑[125225-28-7]+TX、叶菌唑[125116-23-6]+TX、腈菌唑[88671-89-0]+TX、稻瘟酯[101903-30-4]+TX、戊菌唑[66246-88-6]+TX、丙硫菌唑[178928-70-6]+TX、啶斑肟[88283-41-4]+TX、咪鲜胺[67747-09-5]+TX、丙环唑[60207-90-1]+TX、硅氟唑[149508-90-7]+TX、戊唑醇[107534-96-3]+TX、四氟醚唑[112281-77-3]+TX、三唑酮[43121-43-3]+TX、唑菌醇[55219-65-3]+TX、氟菌唑[99387-89-0]+TX、灭菌唑[131983-72-7]+TX、嘧啶醇[12771-68-5]+TX、氯苯嘧啶醇[60168-88-9]+TX、氟苯嘧啶醇[63284-71-9]+TX、乙嘧酚磺酸酯[41483-43-6]+TX、二甲嘧酚[5221-53-4]+TX、乙嘧酚[23947-60-6]+TX、吗菌灵[1593-77-7]+TX、苯锈啶[67306-00-7]+TX、丁苯吗啉[67564-91-4]+TX、螺环菌胺[118134-30-8]+TX、克啉菌[81412-43-3]+TX、嘧菌环胺[121552-61-2]+TX、嘧菌胺[110235-47-7]+TX、嘧霉胺[53112-28-0]+TX、拌种咯[74738-17-3]+TX、咯菌腈[131341-86-1]+TX、苯霜灵[71626-11-4]+TX、呋霜灵[57646-30-7]+TX、甲霜灵[57837-19-1]+TX、R-甲霜灵[70630-17-0]+TX、甲呋酰胺[58810-48-3]+TX、噁霜灵[77732-09-3]+TX、苯菌灵[17804-35-2]+TX、多菌灵[10605-21-7]+TX、咪菌威[62732-91-6]+TX、呋喃基苯并咪唑[3878-19-1]+TX、噻苯咪唑[148-79-8]+TX、乙菌利[84332-86-5]+TX、菌核利[24201-58-9]+TX、异菌脲[36734-19-7]+TX、甲菌利(myclozoline)[54864-61-8]+TX、腐霉利[32809-16-8]+TX、乙烯菌核利[50471-44-8]+TX、啶酰菌胺[188425-85-6]+TX、萎锈灵[5234-68-4]+TX、甲呋酰胺[24691-80-3]+TX、氟酰胺[66332-96-5]+TX、灭锈胺[55814-41-0]+TX、氧化萎锈灵[5259-88-1]+TX、吡噻菌胺[183675-82-3]+TX、噻呋酰胺[130000-40-7]+TX、双胍盐[108173-90-6]+TX、多果定[2439-10-3][112-65-2](游离碱)+TX、双胍辛胺[13516-27-3]+TX、腈嘧菌酯[131860-33-8]+TX、醚菌胺[149961-52-4]+TX、烯肟菌酯{格拉斯哥英国农作物保护委员会国际会议(Proc.BCPC,Int.Congr.,Glasgow,2003,1,93)}+TX、氟嘧菌酯[361377-29-9]+TX、醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl)[143390-89-0]+TX、苯氧菌胺[133408-50-1]+TX、肟菌酯[141517-21-7]+TX、肟醚菌胺[248593-16-0]+TX、啶氧菌酯[117428-22-5]+TX、唑菌胺酯[175013-18-0]+TX、福美铁[14484-64-1]+TX、代森锰锌[8018-01-7]+TX、代森锰[12427-38-2]+TX、代森联[9006-42-2]+TX、甲基代森锌[12071-83-9]+TX、福美双[137-26-8]+TX、代森锌[12122-67-7]+TX、福美锌[137-30-4]+TX、敌菌丹[2425-06-1]+TX、克菌丹[133-06-2]+TX、抑菌灵[1085-98-9]+TX、唑呋草[41205-21-4]+TX、灭菌丹[133-07-3]+TX、对甲抑菌灵[731-27-1]+TX、波尔多混合剂[8011-63-0]+TX、氢氧化铜(copperhydroxid)[20427-59-2]+TX、王铜(copperoxychlorid)[1332-40-7]+TX、硫酸铜(coppersulfat)[7758-98-7]+TX、氧化铜(copperoxid)[1317-39-1]+TX、代森锰铜[53988-93-5]+TX、喹啉酮[10380-28-6]+TX、敌螨普[131-72-6]+TX、酞菌酯(nitrothal-isopropyl)[10552-74-6]+TX、克瘟散[17109-49-8]+TX、异稻瘟净(iprobenphos)[26087-47-8]+TX、稻瘟灵[50512-35-1]+TX、氯瘟磷[36519-00-3]+TX、定菌磷[13457-18-6]+TX、甲基立枯磷[57018-04-9]+TX、阿拉酸式苯-S-甲基[135158-54-2]+TX、敌菌灵[101-05-3]+TX、苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)[413615-35-7]+TX、杀稻瘟菌素-S[2079-00-7]+TX、灭螨猛[2439-01-2]+TX、地茂散[2675-77-6]+TX、百菌清[1897-45-6]+TX、环氟菌胺[180409-60-3]+TX、霜脲氰[57966-95-7]+TX、二氯萘醌[117-80-6]+TX、双氯氰菌胺[139920-32-4]+TX、哒菌酮[62865-36-5]+TX、氯硝胺[99-30-9]+TX、乙霉威[87130-20-9]+TX、烯酰吗啉[110488-70-5]+TX、SYP-LI90(氟吗啉)[211867-47-9]+TX、二噻农[3347-22-6]+TX、噻唑菌胺[162650-77-3]+TX、土菌灵[2593-15-9]+TX、噁唑酮菌[131807-57-3]+TX、咪唑菌酮[161326-34-7]+TX、稻瘟酰胺[115852-48-7]+TX、三苯锡[668-34-8]+TX、嘧菌腙[89269-64-7]+TX、氟啶胺[79622-59-6]+TX、氟吡菌胺[239110-15-7]+TX、磺菌胺[106917-52-6]+TX、环酰菌胺[126833-17-8]+TX、三乙膦酸铝[39148-24-8]+TX、噁霉灵[10004-44-1]+TX、丙森锌[140923-17-7]+TX、IKF-916(氰霜唑)[120116-88-3]+TX、春日霉素[6980-18-3]+TX、磺菌威[66952-49-6]+TX、苯菌酮[220899-03-6]+TX、戊菌隆[66063-05-6]+TX、四氯苯酞[27355-22-2]+TX、多氧霉素[11113-80-7]+TX、噻菌灵[27605-76-1]+TX、霜霉威[25606-41-1]+TX、丙氧喹啉[189278-12-4]+TX、咯喹酮[57369-32-1]+TX、喹氧灵[124495-18-7]+TX、五氯硝基苯[82-68-8]+TX、硫[7704-34-9]+TX、噻酰菌胺[223580-51-6]+TX、咪唑嗪[72459-58-6]+TX、三环唑[41814-78-2]+TX、嗪胺灵[26644-46-2]+TX、井冈霉素[37248-47-8]+TX、苯酰菌胺(RH7281)[156052-68-5]+TX、双炔酰菌胺[374726-62-2]+TX、吡唑萘菌胺[881685-58-1]+TX、氟唑环菌胺[874967-67-6]+TX、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸(9-二氯亚甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-1,4-桥亚甲基-萘-5-基)-酰胺(披露于WO 2007/048556)+TX、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸(3',4',5'-三氟-联苯-2-基)-酰胺(披露于WO 2006/087343)+TX、[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(环丙基羰基)氧基]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氢-6,12-二羟基-4,6a,12b-三甲基-11-氧代-9-(3-吡啶基)-2H,11H萘并[2,1-b]吡喃并[3,4-e]吡喃-4-基]环丙烷甲酸甲酯[915972-17-7]+TX和1,3,5-三甲基-N-(2-甲基-1-氧丙基)-N-[3-(2-甲基丙基)-4-[2,2,2-三氟-1-甲氧基-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺[926914-55-8]+TX;lancotrione[1486617-21-3]+TX、氯氟吡啶酯[943832-81-3]+TX、ipfentrifluconazole[1417782-08-1]+TX、氯氟醚菌唑[1417782-03-6]+TX、quinofumelin[861647-84-9]+TX、右旋反式氯丙炔菊酯[399572-87-3]+TX、氯氟氰虫酰胺[1262605-53-7]+TX、三氟咪啶酰胺[1254304-22-7]+TX、fluxametamide[928783-29-3]+TX、ε-甲氧苄氟菊酯[240494-71-7]+TX、ε-momfluorothrin[1065124-65-3]+TX、氟唑菌酰羟胺(pydiflumetofen)[1228284-64-7]+TX、κ-联苯菊酯[439680-76-9]+TX、broflanilide[1207727-04-5]+TX、dicloromezotiaz[1263629-39-5]+TX、dipymetitrone[16114-35-5]+TX、pyraziflumid[942515-63-1]+TX、和κ-七氟菊酯[391634-71-2]+TX;和
微生物,包括:鲁氏不动杆菌+TX、支顶孢属突起菌+TX+TX、支顶孢属头孢+TX+TX、支顶孢属柿(Acremonium diospyri)+TX、支顶孢属倒棍棒状的+TX、苹卷蛾颗粒体病毒属(AdoxGV)+TX、放射形土壤杆菌菌株K84(Galltrol-)+TX、交链格孢菌+TX、链格孢决明子+TX、链格孢属性(Alternaria destruens)+TX、白粉寄生孢+TX、黄曲霉AF36+TX、黄曲霉NRRL 21882+TX、曲霉属+TX、出芽短梗霉菌+TX、固氮螺菌属+TX、(+TX、TAZO)+TX、固氮菌属+TX、固氮菌属chroocuccum+TX、固氮菌属囊肿(BionaturalBlooming)+TX、解淀粉芽孢杆菌+TX、蜡样芽胞杆菌+TX、芽孢杆菌属菌株(Bacillus chitinosporus strain)CM-1+TX、芽孢杆菌属菌株(Bacillus chitinosporusstrain AQ746+TX、地衣芽孢杆菌菌株HB-2(BiostartTM )+TX、地衣芽孢杆菌菌株3086(+TX、Green)+TX、B环状芽孢杆菌+TX、坚硬芽孢杆菌(+TX、BioNem-+TX、)+TX、坚硬芽孢杆菌菌株I-1582+TX、巨大芽孢杆菌+TX、巨大芽孢杆菌+TX、巨大芽孢杆菌+TX、蕈状芽孢杆菌菌株AQ726+TX、乳头状瘤芽孢杆菌(Milky Spore)+TX、短小芽孢杆菌属+TX、短小芽孢杆菌菌株GB34(Yield)+TX、短小芽孢杆菌菌株AQ717+TX、短小芽孢杆菌菌株QST 2808(+TX、Ballad)+TX、球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spahericus)+TX、芽孢杆菌+TX、芽孢杆菌菌株AQ175+TX、芽孢杆菌菌株AQ177+TX、芽孢杆菌菌株AQ178+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌属菌株QST 713(+TX、+TX、)+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌属菌株QST 714+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌属菌株AQ153+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌属菌株AQ743+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌属菌株QST3002+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌属菌株QST3004+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌属变种解淀粉芽孢杆菌菌株FZB24(+TX、)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌Cry 2Ae+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌Cry1Ab+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai)GC 91+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis)(+TX、+TX、)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis kurstaki)(+TX、+TX、+TX、+TX、Scutella+TX、Turilav+TX、+TX、Dipel+TX、+TX、)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种BMP 123+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种HD-1(Bioprotec-CAF/)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌菌株BD#32+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌菌株AQ52+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽变种(Bacillus thuringiensis var.aizawai)(+TX、)+TX、细菌属(bacteria spp.)(+TX、+TX、)+TX、密执安棍状杆菌(Clavipacter michiganensis)的噬菌体+TX、+TX、球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)(+TX、Brocaril)+TX、球孢白僵菌GHA(Mycotrol+TX、Mycotrol+TX、)+TX、布氏白僵菌(Beauveria brongniartii)(+TX、Schweizer+TX、)+TX、白僵菌属(Beauveria spp.)+TX、灰葡萄孢霉(Botrytis cineria)+TX、大豆慢生型根瘤菌(Bradyrhizobium japonicum)+TX、短短小芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus brevis)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌拟步行甲亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis)+TX、BtBooster+TX、洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia cepacia)(+TX、+TX、Blue)+TX、伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia gladii)+TX、唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia gladioli)+TX、伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia spp.)+TX、加拿大蓟真菌(Canadian thistle fungus)(CBH Canadian )+TX、奶酪假丝酵母(Candida butyri)+TX、无名假丝酵母(Candida famata)+TX、Candida fructus+TX、光滑念珠菌(Candida glabrata)+TX、吉利蒙念珠菌(Candida guilliermondii)+TX、口津假丝酵母(Candida melibiosica)+TX、橄榄假丝酵母(Candida oleophila)菌株O+TX、近平滑假丝酵母(Candida parapsilosis)+TX、菌膜假丝酵母(Candida pelliculosa)+TX、铁红假丝酵母(Candida pulcherrima)+TX、拉考夫假丝酵母(Candida reukaufii)+TX、齐藤假丝酵母(Candida saitoana)(Bio-+TX、)+TX、清酒假丝酵母(Candida sake)+TX、假丝酵母属(Candida spp.)+TX、纤细假丝酵母(Candida tenius)+TX、戴氏西地西菌(Cedecea dravisae)+TX、产黄纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas flavigena)+TX、螺卷毛壳(Chaetomium cochliodes)(Nova-)+TX、球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)(Nova-)+TX、铁杉紫色杆菌(Chromobacterium subtsugae)菌株PRAA4-1T+TX、枝状枝孢菌(Cladosporium cladosporioides)+TX、尖孢枝孢(Cladosporium oxysporum)+TX、Cladosporium chlorocephalum+TX、枝孢属(Cladosporium spp.)+TX、极细枝孢霉(Cladosporium tenuissimum)+TX、粉红粘帚霉(Clonostachys rosea)+TX、尖孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum acutatum)+TX、盾壳霉(Coniothyrium minitans)(Cotans)+TX、盾壳霉属(Coniothyriumspp.)+TX、浅白隐球酵母(Cryptococcus albidus)+TX、土生隐球菌(Cryptococcus humicola)+TX、Cryptococcus infirmo-miniatus+TX、罗伦隐球酵母(Cryptococcus laurentii)+TX、苹果异形小卷蛾颗粒体病毒(Cryptophlebia leucotretagranulovirus)+TX、坎平贪铜菌(Cupriavidus campinensis)+TX、苹果蠹蛾颗粒体病毒(Cydia pomonella granulovirus)(CYD-)+TX、苹果蠹蛾颗粒体病毒(+TX、Madex+TX、Madex Max/)+TX、Cylindrobasidium laeve+TX、枝双孢霉属(Cylindrocladium)+TX、汉逊德巴利酵母(Debaryomyces hansenii)+TX、Drechslera hawaiinensis+TX、阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobactercloacae)+TX、肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)+TX、毒力虫霉(Entomophtora virulenta)+TX、黑附球菌(Epicoccum nigrum)+TX、黑附球菌(Epicoccumpurpurascens)+TX、附球孢菌+TX、菌属(Filobasidium floriforme)+TX、尖圭镰刀菌+TX、厚孢镰刀菌+TX、尖孢镰刀菌(/Biofox)+TX、层出镰孢+TX、镰刀菌+TX、白地霉(Galactomyces geotrichum)+TX、胶枝霉属(Gliocladium catenulatum)(+TX、)+TX、红粘帚霉+TX、胶枝霉属+TX、绿粘帚霉+TX、颗粒体病毒+TX、嗜盐盐芽孢杆菌(Halobacillus halophilus)+TX、沿岸盐芽孢杆菌(Halobacillus litoralis)+TX、特氏盐芽孢杆菌(Halobacillus trueperi)+TX、盐单胞菌属+TX、冰下盐单胞菌(Halomonassubglaciescola)+TX、盐弧菌变型(Halovibrio variabilis)+TX、葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母+TX、棉铃虫核型多角体病毒+TX、玉米穗虫核型多角体病毒+TX、异黄酮-芒柄花黄素+TX、柠檬克勒克酵母+TX、克勒克酵母属+TX、大链壶菌(Lagenidium giganteum)+TX、长孢蜡蚧菌(Lecanicillium longisporum)+TX、蜡蚧轮枝菌(Lecanicilliummuscarium)+TX、舞毒蛾核多角体病毒+TX、嗜盐海球菌+TX、格氏梅拉菌(Meira geulakonigii)+TX、绿僵菌+TX、绿僵菌(Destruxin)+TX、Metschnikowia fruticola+TX、美极梅奇酵母(Metschnikowia pulcherrima)+TX、Microdochium dimerum+TX、蓝色小单孢菌(Micromonospora coerulea)+TX、Microsphaeropsis ochracea+TX、Muscodor albus620+TX、Muscodor roseus菌株A3-5+TX、菌根属(Mycorrhizae spp.)(+TX、Root)+TX、疣孢漆斑菌菌株AARC-0255+TX、BROS+TX、Ophiostoma piliferum菌株D97+TX、粉质拟青霉(Paecilomyces farinosus)+TX、玫烟色拟青霉(PFR-+TX、)+TX、淡紫拟青霉(Paecilomyces lilacinus)(Biostat)+TX、淡紫拟青霉菌株251(MeloCon)+TX、多粘类芽孢杆菌+TX、成团泛菌(BlightBan C9-)+TX、泛菌属+TX、巴斯德氏芽菌属+TX、Pasteuria nishizawae+TX、黄灰青霉+TX、Penicilliumbillai(+TX、)+TX、短密青霉+TX、常现青霉+TX、灰黄青霉+TX、产紫青霉+TX、青霉菌属+TX、纯绿色肯霉+TX、大伏革菌(Phlebiopsis gigantean)+TX、解磷细菌+TX、隐地疫霉+TX、棕榈疫霉+TX、异常毕赤酵母+TX、Pichia guilermondii+TX、膜醭毕赤氏酵母+TX、指甲毕赤酵母+TX、树干毕赤酵母+TX、铜绿假单胞菌+TX、致金色假单胞菌(Pseudomonasaureofasciens)(Spot-Less)+TX、洋葱假单胞菌+TX、绿针假单胞菌+TX、皱褶假单胞菌(Pseudomonas corrugate)+TX、荧光假单胞菌菌株A506(BlightBan)+TX、恶臭假单胞菌+TX、Pseudomonas reactans+TX、假单胞菌属+TX、丁香假单胞菌(Bio-)+TX、绿黄假单胞菌+TX、荧光假单胞菌+TX、Pseudozyma flocculosa菌株PF-A22 UL(Sporodex)+TX、纵沟柄锈菌(Pucciniacanaliculata)+TX、Puccinia thlaspeos(Wood)+TX、侧雄腐霉菌(Pythiumoligandrum)+TX、寡雄腐霉(+TX、)+TX、缠器腐霉+TX、水生拉恩菌(Rhanella aquatilis)+TX、拉恩菌属(Rhanella spp.)+TX、根瘤菌(Rhizobia)(+TX、)+TX、丝核菌属(Rhizoctonia)+TX、球状红球菌(Rhodococcusgloberulus)菌株AQ719+TX、双倒卵形红冬孢酵母菌(Rhodosporidium diobovatum)+TX、圆红冬孢酵母菌(Rhodosporidium toruloides)+TX、红酵母属(Rhodotorula spp.)+TX、粘红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis)+TX、禾本红酵母(Rhodotorula graminis)+TX、胶红酵母(Rhodotorula mucilagnosa)+TX、深红酵母(Rhodotorula rubra)+TX、酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)+TX、玫瑰色盐水球菌(Salinococcus roseus)+TX、小核盘菌(Sclerotinia minor)+TX、小核盘菌+TX、柱顶孢霉属(Scytalidiumspp.)+TX、Scytalidium uredinicola+TX、甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Spodoptera exiguanuclear polyhedrosis virus)(Spod-+TX、)+TX、粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratiamarcescens)+TX、普城沙雷菌(Serratia plymuthica)+TX、沙雷氏菌属(Serratia spp.)+TX、粪生粪壳菌(Sordaria fimicola)+TX、海灰翅夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Spodopteralittoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus)+TX、红掷孢酵母(Sporobolomycesroseus)+TX、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)+TX、不吸水链霉菌(Streptomyces ahygroscopicus)+TX、白丘链霉菌(Streptomyces albaduncus)+TX、脱叶链霉菌(Streptomyces exfoliates)+TX、鲜黄链霉菌(Streptomyces galbus)+TX、灰平链霉菌(Streptomyces griseoplanus)+TX、灰绿链霉菌(Streptomyces griseoviridis)+TX、利迪链霉菌(Streptomyces lydicus)+TX、利迪链霉菌WYEC-108+TX、紫色链霉菌(Streptomyces violaceus)+TX、小铁艾酵母(Tilletiopsis minor)+TX、铁艾酵母属(Tilletiopsis spp.)+TX、棘孢木霉(Trichoderma asperellum)(T34)+TX、盖姆斯木霉(Trichoderma gamsii)+TX、深绿木霉(Trichoderma atroviride)+TX、钩状木霉(Trichodermahamatum)TH 382+TX、里法哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum rifai)+TX、哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)T-22(Trianum-+TX、PlantShield+TX、+TX、Trianum-)+TX、哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)T-39+TX、非钩木霉(Trichoderma inhamatum)+TX、康宁木霉(Trichodermakoningii)+TX、木霉属(Trichoderma spp.)LC 52+TX、木素木霉(Trichoderma lignorum)+TX、长柄木霉(Trichoderma longibrachiatum)+TX、多孢木霉(Trichoderma polysporum)(Binab )+TX、紫杉木霉(Trichoderma taxi)+TX、绿色木霉(Trichoderma virens)+TX、绿色木霉(原来称为绿色粘帚霉(Gliocladium virens)GL-21)+TX、绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)+TX、绿色木霉菌株ICC 080+TX、茁芽丝孢酵母(Trichosporon pullulans)+TX、毛孢子菌属(Trichosporon spp.)+TX、单端孢属(Trichothecium spp.)+TX、粉红单端孢(Trichothecium roseum)+TX、Typhula phacorrhiza菌株94670+TX、Typhula phacorrhiza菌株94671+TX、黑细基格孢(Ulocladium atrum)+TX、奥德曼细基格孢(Ulocladiumoudemansii)(Botry-)+TX、玉蜀黍黑粉菌(Ustilago maydis)+TX、各种细菌和补充营养素(Natural )+TX、各种真菌(Millennium)+TX、厚垣轮枝孢菌(Verticillium chlamydosporium)+TX、蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)(+TX、)+TX、Vip3Aa20+TX、Virgibaclillusmarismortui+TX、野油菜黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv.Poae)+TX、伯氏致病杆菌+TX、嗜线虫致病杆菌;和
植物提取物,包括:松树油+TX、印楝素(Plasma Neem+TX、+TX、+TX、Molt-+TX、植物IGR(+TX、)+TX、芥花油(Lilly Miller)+TX、土荆芥(Chenopodiumambrosioides near ambrosioides)+TX、菊花提取物+TX、印楝油提取物+TX、唇形科(Labiatae)精油+TX、丁香-迷迭香-薄荷和百里香油提取物(Garden insect )+TX、甜菜碱+TX、大蒜+TX、柠檬草油+TX、印楝油+TX、猫薄荷(Nepeta cataria)(猫薄荷油)+TX、猫薄荷+TX、尼古丁+TX、牛至油+TX、胡麻科(Pedaliaceae)油+TX、除虫菊+TX、皂皮树(Quillaja saponaria)+TX、大虎杖(Reynoutria sachalinensis)(+TX、)+TX、鱼藤酮(Eco )+TX、芸香科(Rutaceae)植物提取物+TX、大豆油(Ortho )+TX、茶树油(Timorex )+TX、百里香油+TX、MMF+TX、+TX、迷迭香-芝麻-胡椒薄荷-百里香和肉桂提取物混合物(EF )+TX、丁香-迷迭香和薄荷提取物混合物(EF)+TX、丁香-胡椒薄荷-大蒜油和薄荷混合物(Soil )+TX、高岭土+TX、褐藻的贮存葡聚糖;和
信息素,包括:黑头萤火虫信息素(3M Sprayable Blackheaded Fireworm)+TX、苹果蠹蛾信息素(Paramount dispenser-(CM)/Isomate C-)+TX、葡萄小卷叶蛾信息素(3M MEC-GBM Sprayable )+TX、卷叶虫信息素(3M MEC-LR Sprayable )+TX、家蝇信息素(Muscamone)(Snip7 Fly+TX、Starbar Premium Fly)+TX、梨小食心虫信息素(3M oriental fruitmoth sprayable )+TX、桃透翅蛾(Peachtree Borer)信息素(Isomate-)+TX、番茄蠢蛾(Tomato Pinworm)信息素(3M Sprayable )+TX、衣透斯特粉末(Entostat powder)(棕榈树提取物)(Exosex)+TX、(E+TX,Z+TX,Z)-3+TX,8+TX,11十四碳三烯乙酸酯+TX、(Z+TX,Z+TX,E)-7+TX,11+TX,13-十六三烯醛+TX、(E+TX,Z)-7+TX,9-十二碳二烯-1-醇乙酸酯+TX、2-甲基-1-丁醇+TX、乙酸钙+TX、+TX、+TX、Check-+TX、薰衣草千里酸酯(Lavandulyl senecioate);和
宏生物剂(Macrobial),包括:短距蚜小蜂+TX、阿尔蚜茧蜂(Aphidius ervi)(Aphelinus-)+TX、Acerophagus papaya+TX、二星瓢虫(Adalia-)+TX、二星瓢虫+TX、二星瓢虫+TX、串茧跳小蜂(Ageniaspiscitricola)+TX、巢蛾多胚跳小蜂+TX、安氏钝绥螨(Amblyseius andersoni)(+TX、Andersoni-)+TX、加州钝绥螨(Amblyseius californicus)(+TX、)+TX、胡瓜钝绥螨(+TX、Bugline)+TX、伪钝绥螨+TX、斯氏钝绥螨(Bugline +TX、Swirskii-)+TX、奥氏钝绥螨+TX、粉虱细蜂(Amitushesperidum)+TX、原缨翅缨小蜂(Anagrus atomus)+TX、暗腹长索跳小蜂(Anagyrusfusciventris)+TX、卡玛长索跳小蜂(Anagyrus kamali)+TX、Anagyrus loecki+TX、粉蚧长索跳小蜂(Anagyrus pseudococci)+TX、红蜡蚧扁角跳小蜂(Anicetusbenefices)+TX、金小蜂(Anisopteromalus calandrae)+TX、林地花蝽(Anthocorisnemoralis)(Anthocoris-)+TX、短距蚜小蜂(+TX、)+TX、短翅蚜小蜂(Aphelinus asychis)+TX、科列马·阿布拉小蜂(Aphidius colemani)+TX、阿尔蚜茧蜂+TX、烟蚜茧蜂+TX、桃赤蚜蚜茧蜂(Aphipar-)+TX、食蚜瘿蚊+TX、食蚜瘿蚊+TX、岭南蚜小蜂+TX、印巴黄金蚜小蜂+TX、蠊卵长尾啮小蜂(Aprostocetus hagenowii)+TX、隐翅虫(Atheta coriaria)+TX、熊蜂属+TX、欧洲熊蜂(Natupol)+TX、欧洲熊蜂(+TX、)+TX、Cephalonomia stephanoderis+TX、黑背红瓢虫(Chilocorus nigritus)+TX、普通草蛉(Chrysoperla carnea)+TX、普通草蛉+TX、红通草蛉(Chrysoperla rufilabris)+TX、Cirrospilusingenuus+TX、Cirrospilus quadristriatus+TX、白星橘啮小蜂(Citrostichusphyllocnistoides)+TX、Closterocerus chamaeleon+TX、Closterocerus属+TX、Coccidoxenoides perminutus+TX、Coccophagus cowperi+TX、赖食蚧蚜小蜂(Coccophagus lycimnia)+TX、螟黄足盘绒茧蜂+TX、菜蛾盘绒茧蜂+TX、孟氏隐唇瓢虫(+TX、)+TX、日本方头甲+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂+TX、豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂+TX、小黑瓢虫(Delphastus catalinae)+TX、Delphastus pusillus+TX、Diachasmimorpha krausii+TX、长尾潜蝇茧蜂+TX、Diaparsis jucunda+TX、阿里食虱跳小蜂(Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis)+TX、豌豆潜叶蝇姬小蜂+TX、豌豆潜叶蝇姬小蜂(+TX、)+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂(+TX、)+TX、歧脉跳小蜂属+TX、盾蚧长缨蚜小蜂+TX、丽蚜小蜂(Encarsia +TX、+TX、En-)+TX、浆角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)+TX、哥德恩蚜小蜂(Encarsia guadeloupae)+TX、海地恩蚜小蜂(Encarsiahaitiensis)+TX、细扁食蚜蝇+TX、Eretmoceris siphonini+TX、浆角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus californicus)+TX、浆角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)(+TX、Eretline)+TX、浆角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)+TX、海氏桨角蚜小蜂+TX、蒙氏桨角蚜小蜂(+TX、Eretline)+TX、Eretmocerussiphonini+TX、四斑光缘瓢虫(Exochomus quadripustulatus)+TX、食螨瘿蚊(Feltiellaacarisuga)+TX、食螨瘿蚊+TX、阿里山潜蝇茧蜂+TX、Fopiusceratitivorus+TX、芒柄花黄素(Wirless)+TX、细腰凶蓟马+TX、西方静走螨(Galendromus occidentalis)+TX、莱氏棱角肿腿蜂(Goniozus legneri)+TX、麦蛾柔茧蜂+TX、异色瓢虫+TX、异小杆线虫属(Lawn)+TX、嗜菌异小杆线虫(NemaShield+TX、+TX、Terranem-+TX、+TX、+TX、B-+TX、+TX、)+TX、大异小杆线虫(Heterorhabditis megidis)(Nemasys+TX、BioNem+TX、Exhibitline +TX、Larvanem-)+TX、集栖瓢虫(Hippodamiaconvergens)+TX、尖狭下盾螨(Hypoaspis aculeifer)(Aculeifer-+TX、Entomite-)+TX、兵下盾螨(Hypoaspis miles)(Hypoline+TX、Entomite-)+TX、黑色枝跗瘿蜂+TX、Lecanoideus floccissimus+TX、Lemophagus errabundus+TX、三色丽突跳小蜂(Leptomastidea abnormis)+TX、Leptomastix dactylopii+TX、长角跳小蜂(Leptomastix epona)+TX、Lindorus lophanthae+TX、Lipolexis oregmae+TX、叉叶绿蝇+TX、茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂+TX、暗黑长脊盲蝽(Macrolophuscaliginosus)(Mirical-+TX、Macroline+TX、)+TX、Mesoseiuluslongipes+TX、黄色阔柄跳小蜂(Metaphycus flavus)+TX、Metaphycus lounsburyi+TX、角纹脉褐蛉+TX、黄色花翅跳小蜂(Microterys flavus)+TX、Muscidifurax raptorellus和Spalangia cameroni+TX、Neodryinustyphlocybae+TX、加州新小绥螨+TX、胡瓜钝绥螨+TX、虚伪新小绥螨(Neoseiulus fallacis)+TX、Nesideocoris tenuis(+TX、)+TX、古铜黑蝇+TX、狡小花蝽(Orius insidiosus)(Thripor-+TX、Oriline)+TX、无毛小花蝽(Orius laevigatus)(Thripor-+TX、Oriline)+TX、大型小花蝽(Orius majusculus)(Oriline)+TX、小黑花椿象(Thripor-)+TX、Pauesiajuniperorum+TX、酸酱瓢虫腹柄姬小蜂(Pediobius foveolatus)+TX、Phasmarhabditishermaphrodita+TX、Phymastichus coffea+TX、Phytoseiulusmacropilus+TX、智利小植绥螨(+TX、Phytoline)+TX、斑腹刺益蝽+TX、Pseudacteon curvatus+TX、Pseudacteon obtusus+TX、Pseudacteontricuspis+TX、Pseudaphycus maculipennis+TX、Pseudleptomastix mexicana+TX、具毛嗜木虱跳小蜂(Psyllaephagus pilosus)+TX、同色短背茧蜂(Psyttalia concolor)(complex)+TX、胯姬小蜂属+TX、Rhyzobius lophanthae+TX、澳洲瓢虫+TX、Ruminadecollate+TX、Semielacher petiolatus+TX、麦长管蚜+TX、小卷蛾斯氏线虫(Nematac+TX、+TX、BioNem+TX、+TX、+TX、)+TX、夜蛾斯氏线虫(+TX、Nemasys+TX、BioNem+TX、Steinernema-+TX、+TX、+TX、Exhibitline+TX、Scia-+TX、)+TX、锯蜂线虫(Steinernema kraussei)(Nemasys+TX、BioNem+TX、Exhibitline)+TX、里奥布拉夫线虫(Steinernema riobrave)(BioV+TX、Bio)+TX、蝼蛄斯氏线虫(Steinernema scapterisci)(Nematac)+TX、斯氏线虫属+TX、Steinernematid属(Guardian)+TX、深点食螨瓢虫+TX、亮腹釉小蜂+TX、Tetrastichus setifer+TX、Thripobius semiluteus+TX、中华长尾小蜂(Torymussinensis)+TX、甘蓝夜蛾赤眼蜂(Tricholine)+TX、甘蓝夜蛾赤眼蜂(Tricho-)+TX、广赤眼蜂+TX、微小赤眼蜂+TX、玉米螟赤眼蜂+TX、宽脉赤眼蜂(Trichogrammaplatneri)+TX、短管赤眼蜂+TX、螟黑点瘤姬蜂;和
其他生物制剂,包括:脱落酸+TX、+TX、银叶菌(Chondrostereumpurpureum)(Chontrol)+TX、盘长孢状刺盘孢+TX、辛酸铜盐+TX、δ陷阱(Delta trap)(Trapline)+TX、解淀粉欧文氏菌(Harpin)(+TX、Ni-HIBIT Gold)+TX、磷酸高铁+TX、漏斗陷阱(Trapline)+TX、+TX、Grower's+TX、高油菜素内酯+TX、磷酸铁(Lilly Miller Worry Free Ferramol Slug&Snail)+TX、MCP冰雹陷阱(Trapline)+TX、Microctonus hyperodae+TX、Mycoleptodiscus terrestris(Des-)+TX、+TX、+TX、+TX、信息素陷阱(Thripline)+TX、碳酸氢钾+TX、脂肪酸的钾盐+TX、硅酸钾溶液(Sil-)+TX、碘化钾+硫氰酸钾+TX、SuffOil-+TX、蜘蛛毒+TX、蝗虫微孢子虫(Semaspore Organic Grasshopper)+TX、粘着陷阱(Trapline+TX、Rebell)+TX以及陷阱(Takitrapline y+)+TX;
或选自以下的生物活性化合物或试剂:溴氟菊酯+TX、氟螨嗪(Diflovidazine)+TX、Flometoquin+TX、Fluhexafon+TX、小菜蛾颗粒体病毒+TX、苹果蠹蛾颗粒体病毒+TX、新烟磷(Imicyafos)+TX、烟芽夜蛾核多角体病毒+TX、Heliothis punctigera核多角体病毒+TX、玉米穗夜蛾核多角体病毒+TX、草地贪夜蛾核多角体病毒+TX、小菜蛾核多角体病毒+TX、对伞花烃+TX、Pyflubumide+TX、Pyrafluprole+TX、QRD 420+TX、QRD 452+TX、QRD 460+TX、萜类混合物+TX、萜类+TX、氟氰虫酰胺(Tetraniliprole)+TX和α-萜品烯+TX;
或由如下代码+TX提及的活性物质:代码AE 1887196(BSC-BX60309)+TX、代码NNI-0745GR+TX、代码IKI-3106+TX、代码JT-L001+TX、代码ZNQ-08056+TX、代码IPPA152201+TX、代码HNPC-A9908(CAS:[660411-21-2])+TX、代码HNPC-A2005(CAS:[860028-12-2])+TX、代码JS118+TX、代码ZJ0967+TX、代码ZJ2242+TX、代码JS7119(CAS:[929545-74-4])+TX、代码SN-1172+TX、代码HNPC-A9835+TX、代码HNPC-A9955+TX、代码HNPC-A3061+TX、代码Chuanhua89-1+TX、代码IPP-10+TX、代码ZJ3265+TX、代码JS9117+TX、代码ZJ3757+TX、代码ZJ4042+TX、代码ZJ4014+TX、代码ITM-121+TX、代码DPX-RAB55(DKI-2301)+TX、代码NA-89+TX、代码MIE-1209+TX、代码MCI-8007+TX、代码BCS-CL73507+TX、代码S-1871+TX、代码DPX-RDS63+TX、Quinofumelin+TX、氯氟醚菌唑+TX、苯吡克咪徳(fenpicoxamid)+TX、fluindapyr+TX、inpyrfluxam+TX或indiflumetpyr+TX、isoflucypram+TX、pyrapropoyne+TX、florylpicoxamid+TX、metyltetraprole+TX、ipflufenoquin+TX、pyridachlometyl+TX或chlopyridiflu+TX、四氯虫酰胺(tetrachlorantraniliprole)+TX、tetrachloraniliprole+TX、Tyclopyrazoflor+TX、flupyrimin+TX或pyrifluramide+TX、benzpyrimoxan+TX、Benzosufyl+TX或oxazosulfyl+TX、乙唑螨腈(etpyrafen)+TX、acynonapyr+TX或pyrinonafen+TX、氧代三酮(oxotrione)+TX、bixlozone+TX或clofendizone+TX或dicloroxizone+TX、cyclopyranil+TX或pyrazocyclonil+TX或cyclopyrazonil+TX、α-溴敌隆+TX和代码AKD-1193+TX。
在活性成分之后的括号中的参考,例如[3878-19-1]是指化学文摘登记号。上文描述的混合配伍物是已知的。当活性成分包括在“The Pesticide Manual[杀有害生物剂手册]”[The Pesticide Manual-A World Compendium[杀有害生物剂手册-全球概览];第13版;编辑:C.D.S.TomLin;The British Crop Protection Coimcil[英国农作物保护委员会]]中,它们在其中以上文对于特定化合物的圆括号中所给出的条目编号来描述;例如化合物“阿巴美丁”以条目编号(1)来描述。其中“[CCN]”是对于上文的特定化合物来加上的,该化合物包括在“Compendium of Pesticide Common Names[农药通用名概要]”中,其可以在互联网[A.Wood;Compendium of Pesticide Common Names,1995-2004]上获得;例如,化合物“乙酰虫腈”描述于互联网地址http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/acetoprole.html中。
多数以上描述的活性成分通过上文中所谓的“通用名”来表示,在不同的情形中使用相应的“ISO通用名”或其它“通用名”。若名称不是“通用名”,则所使用的名称种类以特定化合物的圆括号中所给出的名称来代替;在这种情况下,使用IUPAC名称、IUPAC/化学文摘名、“化学名称”、“惯用名”、“化合物名称”或“开发代码”,或若既不使用那些名称之一也不使用“通用名”,则使用“别名”。“CAS登记号”意指化学文摘登记号。
选自表1、2、3以及Y的具有式I的化合物与上述活性成分的活性成分混合物包括选自表1、2、3以及Y的化合物和如上述活性成分,优选地是处于从100:1至1:6000的混合比率,尤其是从50:1至1:50,更尤其是处于从20:1至1:20的比率,甚至更尤其从10:1至1:10,非常尤其是从5:1和1:5,尤其优选的是从2:1至1:2的比率,并且从4:1至2:1的比率同样是优选的,尤其是处于1:1、或5:1、或5:2、或5:3、或5:4、或4:1、或4:2、或4:3、或3:1、或3:2、或2:1、或1:5、或2:5、或3:5、或4:5、或1:4、或2:4、或3:4、或1:3、或2:3、或1:2、或1:600、或1:300、或1:150、或1:35、或2:35、或4:35、或1:75、或2:75、或4:75、或1:6000、或1:3000、或1:1500、或1:350、或2:350、或4:350、或1:750、或2:750、或4:750的比率。那些混合比率是按重量计的。
如上所述的混合物可以被用于控制有害生物的方法中,该方法包括将含如上所述的混合物的组合物施用于有害生物或其环境中,通过手术或疗法用于处理人或动物体的方法以及在人或动物体上实施的诊断方法除外。
包含选自表1、2、3以及Y的具有式I的化合物以及一种或多种如上所述的活性成分的混合物可以例如以单一的“掺水即用”的形式施用,以组合的喷雾混合物(该混合物由这些单一活性成分组分的单独配制品构成)(例如“桶混制剂”)施用,并且当以顺序的方式(即,一个在另一个适度短的时期之后,例如几小时或几天)施用时组合使用这些单一活性成分来施用。施用选自表1、2、3以及Y的具有式I的化合物和如上所述的活性成分的顺序对于实施本发明而言并不是至关重要的。
根据本发明的组合物还可以包含另外的固体助剂或液体助剂,如稳定剂,例如未环氧化的或环氧化的植物油(例如环氧化的椰子油、菜籽油或大豆油),消泡剂(例如硅酮油),防腐剂,粘度调节剂,粘合剂和/或增粘剂,肥料或其他用于获得特定效果的活性成分,例如杀细菌剂、杀真菌剂、杀线虫剂、植物活化剂、杀软体动物剂或除草剂。
根据本发明的组合物是以本身已知的方式,在不存在助剂的情况下,例如通过研磨、筛选和/或压缩固体活性成分;和在至少一种助剂的存在下,例如通过紧密混合活性成分与一种或多种助剂和/或将活性成分与一种或多种助剂一起研磨来制备。用于制备组合物的这些方法和用于制备这些组合物的化合物I的用途也是本发明的主题。
这些组合物的施用方法,即控制上述类型的有害生物的方法,如喷雾、雾化、撒粉、刷涂、包衣、撒播或浇灌-它们被选择以适于普遍情况的预期目的-以及这些组合物用于控制上述类型的有害生物的用途是本发明的其他主题。典型的浓度比是在0.1与1000ppm之间,优选在0.1与500ppm之间的活性成分。每公项的施用量总体上是每公项1g到2000g活性成分,尤其是10g/ha到1000g/ha,优选地是10g/ha到600g/ha。
在作物保护领域中,优选的施用方法是施用至这些植物的叶(叶施药),可能的是选择施用的频率和比率以符合所讨论的有害生物的侵染风险。可替代地,该活性成分可以通过根系统(内吸作用)到达植物,这是通过用一种液体组合物将这些植物的所在地浸透或者通过将固体形式的活性成分引入植物的所在地(例如引入土壤,例如以颗粒(土施)的形式)来实现的。在水稻作物的情况下,这样的颗粒剂可以被计量地加入淹水的稻田中。
本发明的这些化合物及其组合物还适合于植物繁殖材料的保护(例如种子,像果实、块茎或籽粒,或者苗圃植物),以对抗上述类型的有害生物。可以用所述化合物在种植前对所述繁殖材料进行处理,例如可以在播种前对种子进行处理。可替代地,所述化合物可以施用至种子籽粒(包衣),这是通过将籽粒浸渍入液体组合物中或通过包衣固体组合物层实现的。还可能在所述繁殖材料被种植在施用处时施用所述组合物,例如在条播期间将所述组合物施入种子犁沟。这些用于植物繁殖材料的处理方法和因此处理的植物繁殖材料是本发明另外的主题。典型的处理比率将取决于有待控制的植物以及有害生物/真菌,并且通常在每100kg种子1克至200克之间、优选在每100kg种子5克至150克之间,如在每100kg种子10克至100克之间。
术语种子包括所有种类的种子以及植物繁殖体,包括但并不限于真正的种子、种子块、吸盘、谷粒、鳞球茎、果实、块茎、谷物、根茎、插条、切割枝条等等并且在优选实施例中意指真正的种子。
本发明还包括用具有式I的化合物包衣或处理的种子或含有具有式I的化合物的种子。尽管成分的较多或较少的部分可以渗透到该种子材料中,这取决于施用的方法,术语“包衣或处理和/或含有”通常表示在施用的时候,在大多数情况下,该活性成分在该种子的表面。当所述种子产品被(再)种植时,它可以吸收活性成分。在实施例中,本发明使得其上粘附有具有式(I)的化合物的植物繁殖材料可得。此外,由此可得包含用具有式(I)的化合物处理过的植物繁殖材料的组合物。
种子处理包括本领域中已知的所有合适的种子处理技术,如拌种、种子包衣、种子撒粉、浸种以及种子造粒。可以通过任何已知的方法实现具有式(I)的化合物的种子处理施用,如在种子播种之前或播种/种植过程中喷雾或通过撒粉。
生物学实例。
实例B1:
烟粉虱(棉花粉虱):摄食/接触活性
将棉花叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10'000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将叶圆片用成年粉虱进行侵染。孵育之后6天,针对死亡率对这些样品进行检查。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%的死亡率:P1、P4、P6、P8、P13、P15、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、P21、和P22
实例B2:
黄瓜条叶甲(Diabrotica balteata)(玉米根虫)
将24孔微量滴定板中的置于琼脂层上的玉米芽通过喷雾用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行处理。在干燥之后,用L2期幼虫对板进行侵染(6至10只/孔)。侵染之后4天,相比于未处理样品,针对死亡率和生长抑制对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下给出了两个类别(死亡率或生长抑制)中至少一个的至少80%的效果:
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P9、P13、P14、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、和P21
实例B3:
黄瓜条叶甲(玉米根虫)
将24孔微量滴定板中的置于琼脂层上的玉米芽通过喷雾用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行处理。在干燥之后,用L2期幼虫对板进行侵染(6至10只/孔)。侵染之后4天,相比于未处理样品,针对生长抑制对这些样品进行评估。当生长抑制高于未处理样品时,测试样品对黄瓜条叶甲给出了控制。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%生长抑制:
P8和P20
实例B4:
黄瓜条叶甲(玉米根虫)
将24孔微量滴定板中的置于琼脂层上的玉米芽通过喷雾用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行处理。在干燥之后,用L2期幼虫对板进行侵染(6至10只/孔)。侵染之后4天,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%的死亡率:
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P9、P13、P14、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、和P21
实例B5:
英雄美洲蝽(新热带区褐蝽象)
将24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上的大豆叶片用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,用N2期若虫对叶片进行侵染。侵染之后5天,相比于未处理样品,针对死亡率和生长抑制对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下给出了两个类别(死亡率或生长抑制)中至少一个的至少80%的效果:
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P12、P13、P14、P15、P16、P17、P18、P19、P21、P22、和P23
实例B6:
英雄美洲蝽(Euschistus heros)(新热带褐臭蝽):生长抑制
将24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上的大豆叶片用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,用N2期若虫对叶片进行侵染。侵染之后5天,相比于未处理样品,针对生长抑制对这些样品进行评估。当生长抑制高于未处理样品时,测试样品对英雄美洲蝽给出了控制。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的生长抑制:
P14和P22
实例B7:
大豆褐椿(新热带褐臭蝽):摄食/接触活性
将24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上的大豆叶片用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,用N2期若虫对叶片进行侵染。侵染之后5天,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%的死亡率:
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P12、P13、P14、P15、P16、P17、P18、P19、P21、P22、和P23
实例B8:
西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)(西方花蓟马):摄食/接触活性
将向日葵叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10’000DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将叶圆片用混合年龄的花蓟马种群进行侵染。侵染之后7天,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%的死亡率:
P8、P13、P16、P17、P18、P19、和P22
实例B9:
桃蚜(Myzus persicae)(绿桃蚜):喂养/接触活性
将向日葵叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将这些叶圆片用混合年龄的蚜虫群体进行侵染。侵染之后6天,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%的死亡率:
P1、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P9、P12、P13、P14、P15、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、P21、P22、和P23
实例B10:
桃蚜(绿桃蚜)。内吸活性
将受到混合年龄的蚜虫种群侵染的豌豆幼苗的根部直接放在从10'000DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液中。将幼苗放置在测试溶液中之后6天,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在24ppm测试率下导致至少80%的死亡率:
P6、P8、P9、P15、P16、P19、P20、P22、和P23
实例B11:
小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)(小菜蛾(Diamond back moth)):生长抑制活性
将具有人工饲料的24孔微量滴定板用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液通过移液进行处理。在干燥之后,用L2期幼虫对板进行侵染(10至15只/孔)。侵染之后5天,相比于未处理样品,针对生长抑制对这些样品进行评估。当生长抑制高于未处理样品时,测试样品对小菜蛾给出了控制。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%生长抑制:
P1、P2、P3、P4、P6、P7、P8、P9、P13、P16、P18、P19、P20、和P21。
实例B12:
小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)(小菜蛾(Diamond back moth)):摄食/接触活性
将具有人工饲料的24孔微量滴定板用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液通过移液进行处理。在干燥之后,用L2期幼虫对板进行侵染(10至15只/孔)。侵染之后5天,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%的死亡率:
P1、P2、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P9、P13、P14、P17、P18、P19、P20、和P21
实例B13:
小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)(小菜蛾(Diamond back moth))将具有人工饲料的24孔微量滴定板用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液通过移液进行处理。在干燥之后,用L2期幼虫对板进行侵染(10至15只/孔)。侵染之后5天,相比于未处理样品,针对死亡率和生长抑制对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下给出了两个类别(死亡率或生长抑制)中至少一个的至少80%的效果:
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P9、P13、P14、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、和P21
实例B14:
海灰翅夜蛾(埃及棉叶虫):抗摄食活性
将棉花叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将叶圆片用五只L1期幼虫进行侵染。侵染之后3天,相比于未处理样品,针对拒食效果以对这些样品进行评估。当拒食效果高于未处理样品时,测试样品对海灰翅夜蛾给出了控制。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%控制:
P1、P2、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P9、P13、P14、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、和P21。
实例B15:
海灰翅夜蛾(埃及棉叶虫):生长抑制活性
将棉花叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将叶圆片用五只L1期幼虫进行侵染。侵染3之后天,相比于未处理样品,针对生长抑制对这些样品进行评估。当生长抑制高于未处理样品时,测试样品对海灰翅夜蛾给出了控制。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%控制:
P4、P5、P9、P12、P17、和P19
实例B16:
海灰翅夜蛾(埃及棉叶虫):摄食/接触活性
将棉花叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将叶圆片用五只L1期幼虫进行侵染。侵染之后3天,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
表P中的以下化合物在200ppm施用率下导致至少80%的死亡率:
P1、P2、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P9、P13、P14、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、和P21。
Claims (15)
1.一种具有式(I)的化合物
其中
A1是CH或N;
X是S、SO或SO2;
R1是C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基或C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基;
R2是卤素、羟基、巯基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基;
R3是氢、C1-C6烷基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、C3-C6卤代环烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧亚氨基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C6氰基烷基、氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、羟基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C6氰基卤代烷基、氨基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、羟基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰亚胺基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;
R3是可以部分饱和或完全饱和的四至六元杂环系统,所述环系统包含1至2个选自由氮、氧和硫组成的组的杂原子,并且所述环系统可以被选自由卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基和氧代组成的组的取代基单取代或多取代;其中所述硫能以0、1或2的氧化态存在;
R4是氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基;并且
R5是氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基;
或具有式(I)的化合物的农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R3是氢、C1-C6烷基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基、C3-C6烯基、C3-C6炔基、C3-C6卤代环烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧亚氨基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C6氰基烷基、氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、二(C1-C4烷基)氨基羰基C1-C4烷基、羟基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4烷基、C1-C6氰基卤代烷基、氨基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、羟基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基羰亚胺基、C1-C4烷基磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基;或者
R3是可以部分饱和或完全饱和的四至六元杂环系统,所述环系统包含1至2个选自由氮、氧和硫组成的组的杂原子,并且所述环系统可以被选自由卤素、氰基、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基和氧代组成的组的取代基单取代或多取代,其中所述硫能以0、1或2的氧化态存在;或者
R3是可以被C1-C4烷基单取代的氧杂环丁烷基。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R1是C1-C4烷基或C3-C6环烷基-C1-C4烷基。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3中任一项所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中其中R2是C1-C2卤代烷基、卤代甲基硫烷基、卤代甲基亚磺酰基或卤代甲基磺酰基。
5.根据权利要求1、2、3或4中任一项所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中其中R3是C1-C4氰基烷基、C1-C4烷基硫烷基C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷基亚磺酰基C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷基磺酰基C1-C4烷基;或R3是可以被C1-C4烷基单取代的氧杂环丁烷基。
6.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、或5中任一项所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中X是SO2。
7.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5或6中任一项所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R4和R5都是氢。
8.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7中任一项所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R1是乙基并且R2是三氟甲基、五氟乙基或三氟甲基硫烷基。
9.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6、7或8中任一项所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R3是C1-C4氰基烷基、C1-C2烷基硫烷基C1-C2烷基、C1-C2烷基亚磺酰基C1-C2烷基或C1-C2烷基磺酰基C1-C2烷基。
10.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8或9中任一项所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中R3是-CH(CH3)CN、-C(CH3)2CN、甲基硫烷基甲基、甲基硫烷基乙基、甲基亚磺酰基甲基、甲基亚磺酰基乙基、甲基磺酰基甲基或甲基磺酰基乙基。
11.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10中的一项所述的化合物,其中
X是SO2;
R1是乙基;
R2是三氟甲基、五氟乙基或三氟甲基硫烷基;并且
R4和R5都是氢;
或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物。
12.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10或11中任一项所述的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,其中A1是N。
13.一种组合物,所述组合物包含杀昆虫、杀螨、杀线虫、或杀软体动物有效量的如权利要求1-12中任一项所定义的具有式(I)的化合物,或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,以及任选地,助剂或稀释剂。
14.一种对抗并控制昆虫、螨、线虫或软体动物的方法,所述方法包括向有害生物、有害生物的场所、或易受有害生物攻击的植物施用杀昆虫、杀螨、杀线虫或杀软体动物有效量的如权利要求1-12中任一项所定义的具有式(I)的化合物、或其农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体或N-氧化物,或如权利要求13所定义的组合物。
15.一种用于保护植物繁殖材料免受昆虫、螨、线虫或软体动物攻击的方法,所述方法包括用根据权利要求13所述的组合物处理所述繁殖材料或所述繁殖材料所种植的场所。
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