CN110602033B - Cold chain vehicle-mounted Beidou coding and transmitting method - Google Patents
Cold chain vehicle-mounted Beidou coding and transmitting method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/03—Protocol definition or specification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
- H04W4/14—Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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- H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The cold chain vehicle-mounted Beidou coding and transmitting method comprises the following steps: step 1, designing message content/function for monitoring cold chain transport vehicles; message type design including periodic messages, instruction messages, emergency messages and general messages; designing the message formats of position messages, sensor messages, free messages, driver messages, instruction responses, target calibration, emergency messages, punctual arrival messages, vehicle-card binding messages and sensor settings; step 2, facing to a package mechanism of high-efficiency transmission; the specific method comprises the following steps: the group package mechanism provides that in uplink messages, the 1 st message in each package of messages is sensor data, the 2 nd message is a vehicle position, and other messages are added to the rest bytes; the method has the characteristics of high coding efficiency and no blocking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special vehicle monitoring, and particularly relates to a cold chain vehicle-mounted Beidou transmission method.
Background
From the cold chain logistics, the introduction of the Internet + concept is more urgent, and the cold and fresh product processing, storage, transportation, distribution, retail and use processes can be further ensured, all links are always in the specific low-temperature environment required by the product and are monitored in real time, so that pollution and deterioration are prevented, loss is reduced, product quality is ensured, and information management and logistics monitoring of all links of the whole industrial chain such as production, transportation, storage, sale and the like of the cold and fresh product are realized. Therefore, a Beidou-based correlation coding and transmission method needs to be established.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a vehicle-mounted Beidou transmission method for a cold chain vehicle, and the problem of low data transmission efficiency under the condition that other auxiliary means do not exist is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for encoding and transmitting the vehicle-mounted Beidou of the cold chain vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, designing message content/function for monitoring cold chain transport vehicles; message type design including periodic message, instruction message, emergency message and general message; designing the message formats of position messages, sensor messages, free messages, driver messages, instruction responses, target calibration, emergency messages, punctual arrival messages, vehicle-card binding messages and sensor settings;
step 2, facing to a package mechanism of high-efficiency transmission; the specific method comprises the following steps: the group package mechanism provides that in the uplink message, the 1 st message in each package of messages is sensor data, the 2 nd message is a vehicle position, and the rest bytes are added with other messages, namely non-sensor data and the vehicle position.
The step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: the message content/function design limits to only realize basic functions of position reporting, short message communication and track recording and playback, wherein the short message communication comprises an emergency message and a non-emergency message; in order to further reduce the congestion phenomenon of short message communication; each fixed period has 1-2 pieces of position information; coding the emergency message by 8 bits, incidentally sending the emergency message code by using a position information packet, and enabling the message transmission not to occupy a communication period specially any more; for the non-emergency length-limited message, limiting the message length, and carrying and sending the message by using a position information packet; the non-urgent unlimited-length message is specially sent by occupying a corresponding communication cycle, but the sending frequency of the message is limited; the remote monitoring information of the cold chain vehicle provides the data of the sensors of the temperature, the humidity, the carbon dioxide and the like of the cold chain vehicle for returning and recording and the remote intelligent control mechanism of the refrigerator/humidifier.
The periodic message is a message which needs to be sent in each sending period, has large variation and high real-time requirement and mainly comprises vehicle position information and sensor information;
the instruction message is command information sent by the command control system to the vehicle-mounted system or important information reported by the vehicle-mounted system to the command system, and the information has high randomness and high importance and comprises an own message, an action command, an operation instruction, reported information and a response message sent after receiving the instruction message;
the emergency message is a message or a particularly important message sent by two communication parties in an emergency; such messages are sent as soon as possible and received as soon as possible; special prompting means is also needed when the message is processed;
the general messages comprise location sharing and weather report messages.
The message format design comprises position messages, sensor messages, free messages, driver messages, instruction responses, target calibration, emergency messages, punctual arrival messages, vehicle card binding messages and sensor setting message formats, and the design is based on a practical principle and accords with national standards.
The non-urgent messages are further divided into limited-length messages and non-limited-length messages.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention overcomes the congestion phenomenon of short message communication in the prior method by further dividing the non-emergency message into the limited-length message and the non-limited-length message; the new protocol ensures that each fixed period has 1-2 pieces of position information, thereby avoiding the loss of the position information; the 8 bits are used for coding the emergency message, the position information packet is used for incidentally sending the emergency message code, the message transmission does not occupy a communication period specially any more, and the coding efficiency is improved; for the non-urgent length-limited message, limiting the message length, and sending the message incidentally by using a position information packet, so that the conflict between the position message and the non-urgent length-limited message is avoided; the sending frequency of the message is limited by the fixed period of the non-urgent non-limited-length message, so that the density of the position message is ensured; the remote monitoring information of the cold chain vehicle is specially provided for the remote intelligent control mechanisms of the return and recording of sensor data of the cold chain vehicle such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide and the like and the refrigerator/humidifier and the like, the application range is expanded, and the remote monitoring information has a great popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a drawing of the packaging machine of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The method for encoding and transmitting the vehicle-mounted Beidou of the cold chain vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, designing message content/function for monitoring cold chain transport vehicles; message type design including periodic message, instruction message, emergency message and general message; designing the message formats of position messages, sensor messages, free messages, driver messages, instruction responses, target calibration, emergency messages, punctual arrival messages, vehicle-card binding messages and sensor settings;
step 2, facing to a package mechanism of high-efficiency transmission; the specific method comprises the following steps: the group package mechanism specifies that in each group of uplink messages, the 1 st message is sensor data, the 2 nd message is a vehicle position, and the rest bytes are added with other messages, namely non-sensor data and messages except the vehicle position, as shown in fig. 2.
The step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: the message content/function design limits only to realize basic functions of position report, short message communication and track recording playback, wherein the short message communication comprises an emergency message and a non-emergency message; in order to further reduce the congestion phenomenon of short message communication, a designed message packet ensures that each fixed period has 1-2 pieces of position information; the emergency message is coded by 8 bits, the position information packet is used for incidentally sending the emergency message code, and the message transmission does not occupy a communication period specially any more; for non-emergency length-limited messages, limiting the message length, if the message length does not exceed 11 Chinese characters, and incidentally sending the messages by using a position information packet; the method comprises the steps that non-urgent unlimited-length messages are specially sent in a corresponding communication cycle, but the sending frequency of the messages is limited; the cold chain vehicle remote monitoring message provides a remote intelligent control mechanism for returning and recording sensor data such as temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide of the cold chain vehicle and the like and a refrigerator/humidifier and the like; reasonable requirements of other users: such as destination location marking, distribution line routing, information entry.
The periodic message is a message which needs to be sent in each sending period, has large variation and high real-time requirement and mainly comprises vehicle position information and sensor information;
the instruction message is command information sent by the command control system to the vehicle-mounted system or important information reported by the vehicle-mounted system to the command system, and the information has high randomness and high importance and comprises an own message, an action command, an operation instruction, reported information and a response message sent after receiving the instruction message.
The emergency message is a message (such as a dangerous case) or a particularly important message sent by two communication parties in an emergency; such messages are sent as soon as possible and received as soon as possible; special prompting means such as highlighting and special voice prompting are also needed when the message is processed.
The general messages comprise location sharing and weather report messages.
The message format design comprises position messages, sensor messages, free messages, driver messages, instruction responses, target calibration, emergency messages, punctual arrival messages, vehicle card binding messages and sensor setting message formats, and the design is based on a practical principle and accords with national standards.
The non-urgent messages are further divided into limited-length messages and non-limited-length messages.
Referring to fig. 1, for the acquired cold chain vehicle sensor data, a corresponding information packet (Beidou information packet) is formed according to the information format and the packet packing mechanism, and is sent back to the monitoring center through the Beidou 2 generation vehicle-mounted terminal.
The message types in fig. 1 are three: location messages, free text messages, and emergency messages. The custom message (hereinafter referred to as downlink message) sent by the commander to the vehicle-mounted Beidou communication manager only is a free text message.
1) Reporting location messages
Each position point is represented by 23 bytes, and the specific format is shown in table 1.
Position protocol in table 1 protocol
Note: in longitude and latitude coordinates of WGS1984 commonly used in China, the longitude 1 degree is 85.39km, the longitude 1 point is 1.42km, and the longitude 1 second is 23.6 m; the latitude 1 is about 111km, the latitude 1 is about 1.85km, and the latitude 1 second is about 30.9 m.
2) Free text message
The message content adopts mixed coding, the longest representable Chinese character number is 44, and the format is as follows: $ BDTXR,1,0311586,2,. A4D2BBC7D0D5FDB3A3A3ACC7EBB7C5D0C4A1A3 x 3D.
3) Emergency messages
The message content includes the emergency number and the longitude, latitude and altitude value of the emergency place, and the format is as follows: BDTXR,1,0311586,1, F0F41010885733419270397 × 7E.
The type of the message is represented by a message identifier and a message sub-identifier together, the message identifier represents a large class to which the message belongs, and the message sub-identifier represents the number of the message in a certain large class. According to the application characteristics of the industry and the requirements of users at the present stage, the uplink messages which are tentatively set at present are shown in table 2, and the downlink messages are shown in table 3.
TABLE 2 uplink message types
TABLE 3 Downlink message types
Referring to fig. 2, the message organization structure is shown, the number of messages is the number of custom messages contained in the text content, and the arrangement of the respective defined messages is shown in table 3. The messages with the same content can only appear for 1 time, the messages with the same type but different contents can appear simultaneously, the messages are regarded as two different messages, and the specific definition of each field is shown in a table.
Table 4 format of text content in TXR message
The first two bytes of each message describe the length, identifier and sub-identifier of the message, the length of each message is all the number of bytes needed to describe the message, and the value is an integer for the convenience of processing. The message length is 1 byte (message length) +1 byte (message identifier + message sub identifier) + message content byte number (integer).
In the group package mechanism in fig. 1, in the uplink message, the 1 st message in each group of messages is sensor data, the 2 nd message is a vehicle location, and the remaining bytes are added with other messages, which is specifically shown in fig. 2. Therefore, the method is convenient for packaging and unpacking, can flexibly add various new messages, and improves the expandability of the protocol. The number of location points included in the vehicle location information is determined according to the length of other messages, but includes at least 1 location point.
N ═ 10 (length per location point) (78-1 (number of messages) -8(1 sensor message) -4 (vehicle location header) -the sum of the remaining message lengths).
According to the above formula, a maximum of 6 location points can be included in 1 location message without the rest of the messages. The N position points are selected from a plurality of position point sequences generated between two data transmissions according to time, and other messages are added in sequence according to the importance and the urgency of the messages.
TABLE 5
| Sensor message (8 bytes) | Vehicle position (4+ 10X N byte, N ≧ 1) | Other messages (≦ 55 bytes) |
TABLE 5 message ordering
The message packet with the highest transmission frequency is a message packet including only periodic messages, as shown in table 6 below.
TABLE 6
| Sensor message (8 bytes) | Vehicle position (4+ 10X 6 bytes) | Dummy byte (5 bytes) |
Table 6 structure of message packet transmitted most frequently
If the periodic messages are sensor messages and vehicle location messages having only one location point and the remaining bytes are used to transmit free text, the message structure is as shown in table 7 below.
TABLE 7
| Sensor message (8 bytes) | Vehicle position (4+10 bytes) | Free telegraph text |
Table 7 structure of longest free text message packet
Theoretically, the maximum free message length is 78-1 (message number) -8(1 sensor message) -14(1 position point), 55 bytes is 27 Chinese characters. In order to send other command messages or response messages simultaneously when the free text is sent, the maximum length of the free text is limited to 40 bytes (20 Chinese characters), and the remaining 15 bytes can also send a position point or other messages. In practice, if a free text with a long content needs to be transmitted, the free text can be transmitted by dividing into several times.
The Beidou information packet in the figure 1 is a finally formed data packet containing contents such as positions, short messages, emergency messages and the like, accords with the Beidou transmission standard, and is transmitted to the monitoring center through the Beidou 2 generation vehicle-mounted terminal, so that real-time monitoring of the vehicle and the state of the vehicle is realized.
Claims (1)
1. The method for encoding and transmitting the vehicle-mounted Beidou of the cold chain vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, designing message content/function for monitoring cold chain transport vehicles; message type design including periodic message, instruction message, emergency message and general message; designing the message formats of position messages, sensor messages, free messages, driver messages, instruction responses, target calibration, emergency messages, punctual arrival messages, vehicle-card binding messages and sensor settings;
step 2, facing to a package mechanism of high-efficiency transmission; the specific method comprises the following steps: the group package mechanism provides that in uplink messages, the 1 st message in each package of messages is sensor data, the 2 nd message is a vehicle position, and other messages are added to the rest bytes;
the periodic messages are messages which need to be sent in each sending period, have large variation and high real-time requirement, and mainly comprise vehicle position information and sensor information;
the command message is command information sent by the command control system to the vehicle-mounted system or important information reported by the vehicle-mounted system to the command system, and the information has high randomness and importance and comprises a free message, an action command, an operation command, reported information and a response message sent after receiving the command message;
the emergency message is a message or a particularly important message sent by two communication parties in an emergency; such messages are sent as soon as possible and received as soon as possible; special prompting means is also needed when the message is processed;
the general message comprises a location sharing message and a weather report message;
the message format design comprises position messages, sensor messages, free messages, driver messages, instruction responses, target calibration, emergency messages, punctual arrival messages, vehicle card binding messages and sensor setting message formats, and the design is based on a practical principle and accords with national standards;
the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: the message content/function design limits to only realize basic functions of position reporting, short message communication and track recording and playback, wherein the short message communication comprises an emergency message and a non-emergency message; in order to further reduce the congestion phenomenon of short message communication; each fixed period has 1-2 pieces of position information; coding the emergency message by 8 bits, incidentally sending the emergency message code by using a position information packet, and enabling the message transmission not to occupy a communication period specially any more; for the non-emergency length-limited message, limiting the message length, and piggybacking the message with a position information packet; the non-urgent unlimited-length message is specially sent by occupying a corresponding communication cycle, but the sending frequency of the message is limited; the cold chain vehicle remote monitoring message provides a remote intelligent control mechanism for returning and recording the temperature, the humidity and the carbon dioxide sensor data of the cold chain vehicle and the refrigerator/humidifier;
the non-urgent messages are further divided into limited-length messages and non-limited-length messages.
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| EP2640018A1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-18 | Alcatel-Lucent Deutschland AG | Protocol modeling & engineering system |
| CN103888293A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-06-25 | 电子科技大学 | Data channel scheduling method of multichannel FC network data simulation system |
| CN108810812A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-11-13 | 西安勺子电子科技有限公司 | Cold chain vehicle onboard system based on cold chain data Big Dipper transport protocol |
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