CN110604103B - Small silkworm co-breeding method for anti-blood type silkworm with strong disease - Google Patents
Small silkworm co-breeding method for anti-blood type silkworm with strong disease Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for co-breeding young silkworms of blood-resistant silkworm suffering from a strong disease, belonging to the technical field of silkworm breeding. The method comprises the following steps: 1) feeding the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 70-80%, wherein the dry-proof measure of the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms is full dry prevention; 2) feeding the newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 65-75% after the newly-hatched silkworms reach 2 years old, wherein the 2 year old newly-hatched silkworms are semi-dry-proof; 3) and when the young silkworms reach 3 ages, feeding the young silkworms at the temperature of 24-26 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 65-70% until the young silkworms reach the second leaf feeding or the food of the young silkworms of 4 ages, wherein the anti-drying measures of the young silkworms of 3 ages are non-drying. By adopting the small silkworm co-breeding method provided by the invention, the obtained blood-type strong disease resistant silkworms have regular development and are healthy and weak. The silkworm co-breeding under the temperature and humidity provided by the invention can accelerate the development of the silkworm, complete the co-breeding work in a shorter time and reduce the risk of infecting other silkworm diseases by the silkworm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of silkworm breeding, and particularly relates to a method for co-breeding young silkworms of silkworm with blood-resistant type dense disease.
Background
Silkworm nuclear polyhedrosis (commonly called as hemopus) caused by silkworm nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) is the most serious silkworm disease in the current silkworm production, and occurs in all silkworm areas in China, and particularly accounts for about 70% of the loss of the silkworm disease during the silkworm breeding in summer and autumn, thereby seriously affecting the sustainable development of the industry. The "Gui silkworm 13" has the characteristics of multifilaments, fast development and silkworm virus disease (NPV) resistance. However, the variety has strong NPV resistance and simultaneously has no outstanding resistance to other germs, especially under the conditions of unfavorable feeding environment, feeding leaf quality, temperature and humidity conditions and the like. Therefore, the co-breeding operation technology of the variety is required to be obtained in the key link of silkworm breeding, namely the co-breeding process of the young silkworms, the optimal NPV resistance of the variety is exerted, the variety is not influenced by other silkworm diseases, other adverse manifestations are avoided, and finally the high-quality co-bred young silkworms are obtained for silkworm farmers to realize the maximum economic benefit.
At present, the common rearing technology of young silkworms of silkworm varieties has been researched in many aspects, but the specific common rearing technology research of the young silkworms of the NPV-resistant silkworm varieties has not been carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for co-breeding young silkworms of blood-resistant type silkworm with a strong disease.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for co-breeding young silkworms of blood-resistant silkworm suffering from strong disease, which comprises the following steps:
1) feeding the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 70-80%, wherein the dry-proof measure of the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms is full dry prevention;
2) feeding the newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 65-75% after the newly-hatched silkworms reach 2 years old, wherein the 2 year old newly-hatched silkworms are semi-dry-proof;
3) and when the young silkworms reach 3 ages, feeding the young silkworms at the temperature of 24-26 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 65-70% until the young silkworms reach the second leaf feeding or the food of the young silkworms of 4 ages, wherein the anti-drying measures of the young silkworms of 3 ages are non-drying.
Preferably, the raising of steps 1), 2) and 3) is independently performed under natural light.
Preferably, before the silkworm reaches 1 year old, the method further comprises the following steps: silkworm eggs are used for supplementing and hastening hatching and collecting ants.
Preferably, the conditions for silkworm egg hatching supplement comprise: the temperature of the silkworm egg hatching supplementing and hastening is 25-25.5 ℃, the environment humidity of the silkworm egg hatching supplementing and hastening is 85-90%, and the environment humidity difference of the silkworm egg hatching supplementing and hastening is 1-1.5 ℃.
Preferably, the newly hatched silkworms are disinfected by a disinfectant powder containing 1% of available chlorine by adopting a mulberry-induced breeding method.
Preferably, the step 1) comprises in-sleep conservation and in-korea food processing during the feeding process.
Preferably, the in-sleep protection comprises: the environmental dry-wet difference between the period from the mulberry stopping to the silkworm starting is 2-3 ℃, and the environmental dry-wet difference between the period from the silkworm starting to the field of food is 1.5-2 ℃;
the food processing at a rate of consumption comprises: when feeding the newly-hatched silkworms in spring, 90-95% of the newly-hatched silkworms start to grow after all the newly-hatched silkworms molt, the heads of the newly-hatched silkworms are light brown, and the newly-hatched silkworms start to eat when the heads and the chests of the newly-hatched silkworms are raised in a food-seeking state;
when feeding the newly-hatched silkworms in summer, 80% of the newly-hatched silkworms start to grow after all the newly-hatched silkworms molt, the heads of the newly-hatched silkworms are light brown, and the silkworms start to eat when the heads and the chests are raised to take the eating habit.
Preferably, the breeding process in the step 2) comprises pre-sleep treatment, in-sleep protection, high-yield food treatment and sand removal.
Preferably, the pre-sleep treatment includes: when 0.5% of 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms reach the sleep stage, a sleep net is added, and when the sleep stage reaches more than 80%, the mulberry is stopped, after the sleep stage is fixed, the silkworm is extracted, the weak silkworm is eliminated, and the anti-stiff powder is scattered.
Preferably, the breeding process in the step 3) comprises pre-sleep treatment, in-sleep protection, high-yield food treatment and sand removal;
the pre-sleep treatment comprises the following steps: adding a sleep net when 0.1% of 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms reach sleep, stopping mulberry when the sleep reaches more than 80%, carrying out blue-green extraction after the sleep is fixed, eliminating weak young silkworms, and scattering anti-stiff powder.
The invention provides a method for co-breeding young silkworms of blood-resistant silkworm suffering from strong disease, which comprises the following steps: 1) feeding the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 70-80%, wherein the dry-proof measure of the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms is full dry prevention; 2) feeding the newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 65-75% after the newly-hatched silkworms reach 2 years old, wherein the 2 year old newly-hatched silkworms are semi-dry-proof; 3) and when the young silkworms reach 3 ages, feeding the young silkworms at the temperature of 24-26 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 65-70% until the young silkworms reach the second leaf feeding or the food of the young silkworms of 4 ages, wherein the anti-drying measures of the young silkworms of 3 ages are non-drying. By adopting the small silkworm co-breeding method provided by the invention, the obtained blood-type strong disease resistant silkworms have regular development and are healthy and weak. The silkworm co-breeding under the temperature and humidity provided by the invention can accelerate the development of the silkworm, complete the co-breeding work in a shorter time and reduce the risk of infecting other silkworm diseases by the silkworm.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for co-breeding young silkworms of blood-resistant silkworm suffering from strong disease, which comprises the following steps: 1) feeding the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 70-80%, wherein the dry-proof measure of the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms is full dry prevention; 2) feeding the newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 65-75% after the newly-hatched silkworms reach 2 years old, wherein the 2 year old newly-hatched silkworms are semi-dry-proof; 3) and when the young silkworms reach 3 ages, feeding the young silkworms at the temperature of 24-26 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 65-70% until the young silkworms reach the second leaf feeding or the food of the young silkworms of 4 ages, wherein the anti-drying measures of the young silkworms of 3 ages are non-drying.
Co-breeding young silkworms: the method is a sectional silkworm breeding mode which is characterized in that the newly-hatched silkworms are uniformly bred to 3-year-old second leaf feeding or 4-year-old area feeding and then distributed to silkworm raisers for breeding.
In the invention, when the silkworm reaches 1 year old, the silkworm is raised at the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 70-80%, and the anti-drying measure of the 1 year old silkworm is full-dry prevention.
In the present invention, the ant silkworms are blood-resistant type brown-spotted silkworm varieties, and the blood-resistant type brown-spotted silkworm varieties are not particularly limited and may be any ones conventionally available, specifically, the ant silkworms are "noble silkworms 13" in the examples of the present invention, and the sources of the "noble silkworms 13" are not particularly limited and may be any ones conventionally available on the market.
The rearing method preferably uses the rearing bed for rearing the newly-hatched silkworms, and the rearing bed is not particularly limited in the invention, and can be used for rearing the newly-hatched silkworms in a conventional manner. The dry rearing prevention method is a rearing mode that a plastic film is punched on the upper cover and/or the lower cushion in the silkworm rearing bed so as to achieve the effects of heat preservation and moisture preservation. In the invention, the full drying prevention is preferably a plastic film with holes on the upper cover and the lower cushion in the silkworm rearing bed. The perforated plastic film is not particularly limited in the invention, and can be used conventionally in the field. The invention has no special limitation on the layer number and the mode of the upper cover and the lower cushion perforated plastic film, and the invention can be realized by adopting the conventional method.
In the present invention, it is also preferable to include, before the silkworm reaches 1 st age: silkworm eggs are used for supplementing and hastening hatching and collecting ants.
Supplementing and hastening green: after entering the silkworm rearing room, the silkworm eggs after being subjected to silkworm incubation are protected in a light-shielding manner in a proper temperature and humidity environment until the silkworm eggs are incubated.
In the invention, the silkworm egg hatching supplementation and hastening are preferably carried out in the ant collecting chamber, the environmental temperature of the ant collecting chamber is raised to 22 ℃ the day before the silkworm egg is delivered to the ant collecting chamber, the environmental humidity of the ant collecting chamber is preferably 80-85%, and the environmental humidity difference of the ant collecting chamber is preferably 1.5-2 ℃. In the invention, after the silkworm eggs are collected into the ant collecting chamber, the ambient temperature of the ant collecting chamber is raised to 25-25.5 ℃, the ambient humidity of the ant collecting chamber is preferably 85-90%, and the dry-wet difference of the ant collecting chamber is preferably 1-1.5 ℃.
In the invention, when a small amount of 4-6% of the young ants appear in the silkworm eggs in the morning, the young ants are preferably received by light exposure in the next morning, and the small amount of the young ants are preferably young ants obtained by hatching 4-6% of the silkworm eggs; when a few young ants are seen in the evening, it is preferable to receive ants on the third morning. In the invention, the newly hatched silkworms are preferably sterilized by a sterilizing powder containing 1% of available chlorine. In the invention, the disinfection powder is preferably formed by mixing fresh lime powder and bleaching powder according to the mass ratio of 13: 1. In the present invention, the sterilization preferably includes: the sterilizing powder is evenly and tremblely scattered on the bodies of the ants and silkworms to form a thin cream.
In the present invention, the 1 st-instar silkworm preferably includes in-sleep protection and in-hatch treatment during rearing. In the present invention, the in-sleep protection preferably includes: the environmental dry-wet difference during the period from the stop of mulberry to the start of silkworm is preferably 2-3 ℃, and the environmental dry-wet difference during the period from the start of silkworm to the area of food is preferably 1.5-2 ℃. In the present invention, when the silkworm is in sleep, the temperature in sleep is 0.5 to 1 ℃ lower than that in mulberry feeding. In the invention, the newly-hatched silkworms are kept quiet during sleeping, so that vibration is avoided, light is dark, and bias light and wind cannot be generated.
Food in area: feeding mulberry for the first time after silkworm moulting.
In the present invention, the treatment of a comestible preferably comprises: when feeding the newly-hatched silkworms in spring, 90-95% of the newly-hatched silkworms start to grow after all the newly-hatched silkworms molt, the heads of the newly-hatched silkworms are light brown, and the newly-hatched silkworms start to eat when the heads and the chests of the newly-hatched silkworms are raised in a food-seeking state; when feeding the newly-hatched silkworms in summer, 80% of the newly-hatched silkworms start to grow after all the newly-hatched silkworms molt, the heads of the newly-hatched silkworms are light brown, and the silkworms start to eat when the heads and the chests are raised to take the eating habit.
The mulberry leaves and the feeding amount of the 1-year-old young silkworm are not particularly limited and can be fed by adopting a conventional method.
In the invention, when the newly-hatched silkworms reach 2 years old, the newly-hatched silkworms are bred at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 65-75%, and the 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are semi-dry-proof.
In the present invention, the semi-dry prevention is preferably a plastic film perforated on the upper cover in the rearing bed for rearing the silkworm. The perforated plastic film is not particularly limited in the invention, and can be used conventionally in the field. The invention has no special limitation on the layer number and the mode of the upper cover and the lower cushion perforated plastic film, and the invention can be realized by adopting the conventional method.
In the present invention, when the 2-instar silkworm is bred, it preferably includes pre-dormancy treatment, protection during dormancy, kovar treatment and sand removal. In the present invention, the pre-sleep treatment preferably includes: when 0.5% of 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms reach the sleep stage, a sleep net is added, and when the sleep stage reaches more than 80%, the mulberry is stopped, after the sleep stage is fixed, the silkworm is extracted, the weak silkworm is eliminated, and the anti-stiff powder is scattered. The sleeping net is not particularly limited, and can be used conventionally. In the invention, the anti-stiff powder is preferably the disinfection powder, and the anti-stiff powder is used together with the disinfection powder. In the present invention, the in-sleep protection and the at-site-of-sale treatment of 2-year-old silkworm are the same as those of 1-year-old silkworm, and are not described herein again. In the present invention, the sand removal is preferably performed 1 time each of the removal and the removal at rest. In the present invention, the removal of sleep is preferably performed before emergence of the dormancy. In the invention, the sand removal is preferably carried out by using a net, and the net is not particularly limited in the invention and can be carried out by adopting a conventional method. In the present invention, the removal is one sand removal operation after the beginning of the meal at each age; the dormancy removal is one-time sand removal operation performed before the mulberry is stopped by a sleeper at each age in order to reduce the thickness of a silkworm rearing bed and reduce the chance of pathogen infection.
In the present invention, the mulberry leaves fed to 2-year-old young silkworm are preferably deep green trilobal leaves or deep green 6-7 leaf-position leaves. In the invention, the mulberry leaves fed to the 2-year-old silkworm are older than those of the conventional silkworm varieties, and the content of carbohydrate of the older mulberry leaves is higher, so that the silkworm can eat the mulberry leaves with richer nutrition and better development. The mulberry leaves and the feeding amount of the 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are not particularly limited, and the conventional method is adopted.
In the invention, when the young silkworm reaches 3 years old, the young silkworm is raised at the temperature of 24-26 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 65-70% until the young silkworm reaches the second leaf feeding stage or the young silkworm reaches the region of 4 years old, and the anti-drying measure of the young silkworm is not anti-drying.
In the present invention, the dry prevention is preferably performed without covering a perforated plastic film on the silkworm rearing bed and without cushioning the perforated plastic film.
In the present invention, the rearing process of the 3-year-old silkworm preferably includes pre-sleep treatment, in-sleep protection, a kovar treatment, and sand removal. In the present invention, the pre-sleep treatment preferably includes: adding a sleep net when 0.1% of 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms reach sleep, stopping mulberry when the sleep reaches more than 80%, carrying out blue-green extraction after the sleep is fixed, eliminating weak young silkworms, and scattering anti-stiff powder. The sleeping net is not particularly limited, and can be used conventionally. In the invention, the anti-stiff powder is preferably the disinfection powder, and the anti-stiff powder is used together with the disinfection powder. In the present invention, the in-sleep protection and the at-site-of-sale treatment of the 3-year-old silkworm are the same as those of the 1-year-old silkworm, and are not described herein again. In the present invention, the sand removal is preferably performed 1 time each of the removal, the neutralization and the dormancy. In the present invention, the removal of sleep is preferably performed before emergence of the dormancy. In the invention, the sand removal is preferably carried out by using a net, and the net is not particularly limited in the invention and can be carried out by adopting a conventional method.
The mulberry leaves and the feeding amount of the 3-year-old young silkworm are not particularly limited and can be fed by adopting a conventional method.
The method for controlling bacterial diseases and fungal diseases of the newly-hatched silkworms is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventional method.
In the present invention, the breeding is preferably performed under natural light.
The invention preferably disinfects the silkworm rearing room floor, the operation room floor, the mulberry cutting plate (or the mulberry cutting machine), the mulberry feeding tool, the anti-dry paper and the like every day and after the sand removal, and can prevent other silkworm diseases to the maximum extent. The present invention preferably uses 1% available chlorine bleach supernatant for disinfection. In the present invention, the method for preparing the 1% available chlorine bleach supernatant preferably comprises: mixing 1kg bleaching powder containing 25% of available chlorine with 24kg water, standing for 30min, and collecting supernatant.
In the invention, during the rearing of the young silkworms, the ants are preferably collected and the mulberry are preferably fed when 8 o' clock in the morning, the food can be eaten in the morning after each rearing, the 10d internal sleep can be realized for 3 times, the rearing is in the daytime every time, the rearing is convenient to carry out the rearing processing work, and the rearing effect is improved.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Spring silkworm period: and in 2018, green promoting is performed in 5-month and 14-day, ants are collected in 5-month and 15-day, and the co-breeding is finished in 5-month and 22-day.
1. Supplementing and hastening green: the temperature of the co-culture chamber is raised to 22 ℃ the first day when the silkworm seeds of 'noble silkworm 13' are delivered to the ant receiving chamber, and the humidity is kept between 80 and 85 percent (the dry-wet difference is between 1.5 and 2 ℃). After entering the ant collecting chamber, the temperature of the silkworm eggs is gradually raised to 25-25.5 ℃, and the humidity is kept at 85-90% (the difference between dry and wet is 1-1.5 ℃).
2. Harvesting ants: when a small number of young ants appear in the morning, the next morning can receive ants by light sensing; and if a small number of young ants appear at night, the ants are received by light sensing in the morning on the third day. Collecting ant by mulberry introduction method, uniformly shaking and spreading bleaching powder or lime fine powder containing 1% of available chlorine on the body of silkworm to form a thin cream, and sterilizing the body.
3. Rearing of young silkworms
Environment requirement: the temperature and humidity of 1-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 28 ℃ and 80 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 27 ℃ and 75 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 26 ℃ and 70 percent respectively; the dry-wet difference is 1.0-1.5 ℃, the natural illumination is carried out, and the light is uniform.
② raising method 1 year old all-prevention dry-breeding (with a perforated plastic film covering and underlaying), 2 year old half-prevention dry-breeding (with a perforated plastic film covering and underlaying), 3 year old no-prevention dry-breeding, and 3 times daily mulberry.
And thirdly, leaf selection standard is carried out by referring to conventional variety leaf standard, wherein the leaves for 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are older than the conventional variety leaves, namely, dark green three-eyed leaves or dark green 6-7-leaf leaves (standard of mulberry varieties in the agricultural mulberry series).
And fourthly, cutting the mulberry leaves into squares of 0.5-1.0 cm in standard. The leaf of the harvested ant and the leaf of 1 year old are all cut manually, and the leaf is cut by a mulberry cutting machine after the leaf of 2 years old, so that the influence on the feeding of silkworms due to the large cut surface of the leaf caused by rubbing the leaf by the mulberry cutting machine is avoided.
4. Dormancy process
Firstly, pretreatment of sleep: silkworm of 1 year does not go to sleep; adding a sleep net when 0.5% of 2-year silkworms sleep and 0.1% of 3-year silkworms sleep, stopping mulberry when the sleep reaches more than 80%, extracting green after the sleep is fixed, eliminating weak silkworms, and scattering anti-stiff powder.
Protection in sleep: the temperature during sleep is 0.5 to 1 ℃ lower than that during mulberry eating. Dry-wet difference: the early stage (from the mulberry leaf stopping to the silkworm discovery) is 2-3 ℃, and the late stage (from the silkworm discovery to the before the food in the field) is 1.5-2 ℃. The sleeping needs to be quiet, vibration is avoided, light is dark, and bias light and wind blowing are avoided.
(iii) food processing in area: timely oral food is determined according to the color of the head after molting and appetite. After the spring silkworms completely molt, 90-95% of the heads of the silkworms are light brown, and the silkworms start to eat in a high-yield manner when the heads and the chests are high and the silkworms are in a food-seeking state. Too early in the field of food, which may damage the oral organs and digestive tracts, and too late in the field of food, has an effect on both the development and disease resistance of silkworms.
Sand removing: no sand was removed at age 1, and 1 time each was removed at age 2, and 1 time each was removed at age 3, removed at age 3 and removed at sleep. The dormancy removal is carried out before the appearance of the dormancy. The sand should be removed with a net, and should not be removed with hands, so as to avoid injuring silkworm body.
5. Sterilizing and disease preventing
Finishing 'one cleaning' and 'two elimination and one cleaning' 2-3 days before the ants are collected, namely cleaning and cleaning main supporting facilities and equipment required by the young silkworm breeding and the surrounding environment, and then disinfecting, cleaning and disinfecting.
Strictly well disinfecting silkworm bodies and silkworm seats during the co-breeding period to prevent infection of the silkworm seats, and mixing fresh lime powder and bleaching powder according to the ratio of 13:1, sterilizing silkworm bodies and silkworm rearing beds before the last time of the silkworm bodies and silkworm rearing beds in the afternoon every day; paying attention to isolation, elimination of diseases, dormancy of silkworms and weak and small silkworms and preventing pathogen diffusion; well managing the picking, transportation and storage of mulberry leaves to prevent the infection of the mulberry leaves; strictly executing disease prevention and sanitation system and preventing artificial operation infection. After the mulberry is fed at noon every day, the ground of the co-cultivation room and the like are disinfected once by using bleaching powder clear liquor with the effective chlorine content of 1%, and the ground and related silkworm wares are disinfected once after each sand removal.
After the co-cultivation is finished, the silkworm rearing room is completely cleaned, and the silkworm excrement and the garbage which are cleaned are prevented from dissipating and pathogen spreading along the way in the process of carrying. Silkworm excrement is poured into a special silkworm excrement pit for composting, and the silkworm excrement is strictly forbidden to be directly put into a mulberry field.
After the co-cultivation is finished, the obtained silkworms grow tidily and are healthy and weak.
Example 2
Spring silkworm period: and in 2018, green promoting is performed in 5-month and 14-day, ants are collected in 5-month and 15-day, and the co-breeding is finished in 5-month and 22-day.
Rearing of young silkworms
The environmental requirements are as follows: the temperature and humidity of 1-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 26 ℃ and 70 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 25 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the temperature and the humidity of the 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 24 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the dry-wet difference is 1.0-1.5 ℃, the natural illumination is carried out, and the light is uniform.
And (3) anti-drying measures: 2-instar silkworm can not prevent dry rearing; the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
After the co-cultivation is finished, the obtained silkworms grow tidily and are healthy and weak.
Comparative example 1
Spring silkworm period: and in 2018, green promoting is performed in 5-month and 14-day, ants are collected in 5-month and 15-day, and the co-breeding is finished in 5-month and 22-day.
Rearing of young silkworms
Environment requirement: the temperature and the humidity of 1-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 24 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 23 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 22 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the dry-wet difference is 1.0-1.5 ℃, the natural illumination is carried out, and the light is uniform.
The variety of the silkworm is 'two Guang II', and the dry-proof measure is as follows: 2-instar silkworm can not prevent drying; the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
After the co-cultivation is finished, the obtained silkworms have irregular development and weak young silkworms.
Example 3
Autumn rearing period: and in 2018, performing green-forcing in 1 month and 9 months, harvesting ants in 2 months and finishing co-breeding in 9 months and 9 days.
Rearing of young silkworms
Environment requirement: the temperature and humidity of 1-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 28 ℃ and 80 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 27 ℃ and 75 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 26 ℃ and 70 percent respectively; the dry-wet difference is 1.0-1.5 ℃, the natural illumination is carried out, and the light is uniform.
The other conditions were the same as in example 1.
After the co-cultivation is finished, the obtained silkworms grow tidily and are healthy and weak.
Comparative example 2
Autumn rearing period: and in 2018, performing green-forcing in 1 month and 9 months, harvesting ants in 2 months and finishing co-breeding in 9 months and 9 days.
Rearing of young silkworms
Environment requirement: the temperature and humidity of 1-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 26 ℃ and 70 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 25 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the temperature and the humidity of the 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 24 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the dry-wet difference is 1.0-1.5 ℃, the natural illumination is carried out, and the light is uniform.
And (3) anti-drying measures: 2-instar silkworm can not prevent drying; the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
After the co-cultivation is finished, the obtained silkworms have irregular development due to aging of mulberry leaves, change of the nutrient content of the mulberry leaves and the like in autumn, and weak and young silkworms reach 23 percent.
Comparative example 3
Autumn rearing period: and in 2018, performing green-forcing in 1 month and 9 months, harvesting ants in 2 months and finishing co-breeding in 9 months and 9 days.
Rearing of young silkworms
Environment requirement: the temperature and the humidity of 1-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 24 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 23 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the temperature and humidity of the 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms are 22 ℃ and 65 percent respectively; the dry-wet difference is 1.0-1.5 ℃, the natural illumination is carried out, and the light is uniform.
The variety of the silkworm is 'two Guang II', and the dry-proof measure is as follows: 2-instar silkworm can not prevent drying; the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
After the co-cultivation is finished, the obtained silkworms have irregular development and are 30% of weak silkworms.
The embodiment can show that the silkworm obtained by the method provided by the invention is uniform in growth and free of weak young silkworms, the silkworm growth can be accelerated by co-culturing the silkworm under the temperature and the humidity provided by the invention, the co-culturing work can be completed in a shorter time, and the risk of infecting the silkworm with other silkworm diseases is reduced. When the 'noble silkworm 13' and other varieties are co-bred with each other under the co-breeding condition, the obtained co-breeding results are obviously different, so that the 'noble silkworm 13' needs to adopt a co-breeding technology different from that of other varieties to reach the co-breeding standard.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A young silkworm co-breeding method of anti-blood type silkworm with a strong disease is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) feeding the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 26-28 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 70-80%, wherein the dry-proof measure of the 1 st-year-old newly-hatched silkworms is full dry prevention;
2) feeding the newly-hatched silkworms at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 65-75% after the newly-hatched silkworms reach 2 years old, wherein the 2 year old newly-hatched silkworms are semi-dry-proof;
3) feeding the 3-year-old silkworm at the temperature of 24-26 ℃ and the environmental humidity of 65-70% until the silkworm is fed with leaves for the second time or fed by a 4-year-old silkworm area after the silkworm reaches the 3-year-old silkworm, wherein the anti-drying measure of the 3-year-old silkworm is non-anti-drying;
the step 1) comprises in-sleep protection and in-area food treatment in the feeding process;
the in-sleep protection comprises: the environmental dry-wet difference between the period from the mulberry stopping to the silkworm starting is 2-3 ℃, and the environmental dry-wet difference between the period from the silkworm starting to the field of food is 1.5-2 ℃;
the blood-resistant silkworm suffering from the strong disease comprises a noble silkworm No. 13.
2. The method for co-rearing of young silkworms according to claim 1, wherein the rearing in the steps 1), 2) and 3) is independently carried out under natural light.
3. The method for co-rearing of young silkworms according to claim 1, further comprising, before a silkworm reaches 1 st age: silkworm eggs are used for supplementing and hastening hatching and collecting ants.
4. The method for co-rearing of young silkworms according to claim 3, wherein the conditions for the silkworm egg hatching supplementation include: the temperature of the silkworm egg hatching supplementing and hastening is 25-25.5 ℃, the environment humidity of the silkworm egg hatching supplementing and hastening is 85-90%, and the environment humidity difference of the silkworm egg hatching supplementing and hastening is 1-1.5 ℃.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the newly hatched silkworms are sterilized with a sterilizing powder containing 1% of available chlorine by the mulberry introduction method.
6. The method for young silkworm co-breeding according to claim 5, wherein said diet process comprises: when feeding the newly-hatched silkworms in spring, 90-95% of the newly-hatched silkworms start to grow after all the newly-hatched silkworms molt, the heads of the newly-hatched silkworms are light brown, and the newly-hatched silkworms start to eat when the heads and the chests of the newly-hatched silkworms are raised in a food-seeking state;
when feeding the newly-hatched silkworms in summer, 80% of the newly-hatched silkworms start to grow after all the newly-hatched silkworms molt, the heads of the newly-hatched silkworms are light brown, and the silkworms start to eat when the heads and the chests are raised to take the eating habit.
7. The method for co-rearing of young silkworms according to claim 1, wherein the rearing process in step 2) includes pre-dormancy treatment, protection during dormancy, diet treatment and sand removal.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the pre-dormancy treatment comprises: when 0.5% of 2-year-old newly-hatched silkworms reach the sleep stage, a sleep net is added, and when the sleep stage reaches more than 80%, the mulberry is stopped, after the sleep stage is fixed, the silkworm is extracted, the weak silkworm is eliminated, and the anti-stiff powder is scattered.
9. The method for co-rearing of young silkworms according to claim 1, wherein the rearing process in step 3) comprises pre-dormancy treatment, protection during dormancy, diet treatment and sand removal;
the pre-sleep treatment comprises the following steps: adding a sleep net when 0.1% of 3-year-old newly-hatched silkworms reach sleep, stopping mulberry when the sleep reaches more than 80%, carrying out blue-green extraction after the sleep is fixed, eliminating weak young silkworms, and scattering anti-stiff powder.
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