CN110571517A - Wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna - Google Patents
Wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN110571517A CN110571517A CN201910868258.6A CN201910868258A CN110571517A CN 110571517 A CN110571517 A CN 110571517A CN 201910868258 A CN201910868258 A CN 201910868258A CN 110571517 A CN110571517 A CN 110571517A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/526—Electromagnetic shields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/22—Longitudinal slot in boundary wall of waveguide or transmission line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
- H01Q21/10—Collinear arrangements of substantially straight elongated conductive units
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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Abstract
The invention provides a wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna, which comprises: the vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna and the horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella-shaped element antenna are alternately arranged; the waveguide slot antenna radiates vertical polarized electromagnetic waves with the electric field direction perpendicular to the slots to the free space, and the micro-strip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna radiates horizontal polarized electromagnetic waves with the electric field direction parallel to the oscillators. The two polarized antennas in the invention are respectively expanded into an array form in horizontal and vertical dimensions, so that the area is not occupied between the two polarized antennas, the aperture utilization efficiency is improved, and the two polarized antennas have small unit spacing, so that the two polarized antennas have the capability of large-angle scanning; the array plane of the waveguide slot antenna and the feed network thereof is in the horizontal direction and is used as a metal reflection floor of the microstrip oscillator antenna; the array plane of the microstrip element antenna is in the vertical direction, and the microstrip element antenna plays a role in reducing mutual coupling among waveguide slot antenna units.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna.
background
early Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems all used a single polarized antenna to transmit and receive signals. Therefore, only the backscattering characteristics of the ground objects in a specific polarization mode can be measured, and the depolarization and cross polarization processes caused by the difference of the ground surface distribution cannot be analyzed, and the extraction of the information of the ground objects is incomplete. Polarization is one of the essential properties of electromagnetic waves, and is information important in another dimension in addition to frequency, amplitude, and phase. The shape, orientation and dielectric constant of the ground object is sensitive to polarization. In order to overcome the defects of the imaging system, various SAR systems with dual polarization or full polarization observation capability have been developed at home and abroad, and the most important system is a dual-polarization array antenna system.
The current dual-linear polarization antenna can be roughly divided into the following types:
(1) Longitudinal stacking: the antenna units mostly adopt a microstrip form, and antenna units in different polarization forms are stacked in the normal direction of the array surface. The feed of the upper polarization unit must pass through the lower polarization unit, and the feed network is complex and is not suitable for the array antenna.
(2) Horizontal laying and mutual nesting: usually, a high-frequency single-polarization antenna unit is embedded into a low-frequency orthogonal polarization unit, and the disadvantage is that the scanning capability of the antenna of two polarizations cannot be kept the same when applied to a phased array system. If the antenna units with two polarizations have the same frequency, the problem of reduced isolation occurs because the distance between the two polarization units is too small.
(3) Horizontal tiling and staggered arrangement: the antenna unit mostly adopts a waveguide slot form. The disadvantage is that the utilization rate of the antenna aperture of each polarization is low, and large-angle scanning cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wide angle scanning dual linear polarization phased array antenna.
According to the present invention, there is provided a wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna, comprising: the vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna and the horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella-shaped element antenna are alternately arranged; the waveguide slot antenna forms a reflection floor of the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna, and the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna forms a separation wall between the waveguide slot antenna units; the waveguide slot antenna radiates vertical polarized electromagnetic waves with the electric field direction perpendicular to the slots to the free space, and the micro-strip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna radiates horizontal polarized electromagnetic waves with the electric field direction parallel to the oscillators.
Optionally, the vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna includes: the device comprises a radiation slot, a radiation waveguide, a coupling slot, a combined waveguide and a feed probe; the radiation slots are arranged on the radiation waveguide and are staggered along the central line of the radiation waveguide to form a radiation element of the waveguide slot antenna; the radiation waveguide is a wide-side single-ridge waveguide, and the size of the wide side of the radiation waveguide is related to the beam scanning requirement; the radio frequency signal is fed into the combining waveguide through the feed probe by the radio frequency connector, and the combining waveguide is used for combining the energy of the two radiation waveguides into one path through the coupling gap; the I-shaped coupling gap is arranged on the radiation waveguide and used for transmitting the radio frequency energy in the combined waveguide to the radiation waveguide and radiating the radio frequency energy into free space through the radiation gap.
Optionally, the vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna further includes: the impedance tuning block is a rectangular structure arranged on the non-ridge edge of the combined waveguide; the impedance step transformation section is a circular cavity structure arranged on the ridge edge of the combining waveguide; the center of the impedance tuning block is provided with a hole, and the feed probe feeds power to the combined waveguide after passing through the hole for impedance tuning and the impedance step transformation section.
Optionally, the number of radiation slits is plural; the shape of the coupling slot includes: an oblique slot or an H-shaped slot.
Optionally, the shape of the impedance tuning block comprises: any one of a square, a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, an ellipse, a regular polygon, and an irregular polygon.
Optionally, the impedance step transformation section comprises a plurality of dimensions.
Optionally, the horizontally polarized microstrip umbrella element antenna comprises: the antenna comprises an oblique radiating oscillator, a microstrip balun, an isolation pile and a strip line feed network; the oblique radiation oscillator and the microstrip balun are printed on two sides of the dielectric plate; the isolation pile and the microstrip oscillator are positioned on the same side of the dielectric plate; the strip line feed network is contacted with the waveguide slot antenna through the two metal shielding layers.
optionally, the isolation pile comprises: any one of a square, a rectangle, and a triangle.
Alternatively, the stripline feed network may also take the form of a microstrip line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention provides a wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased-array antenna, which realizes the light weight of antenna design by combining a microstrip antenna and a waveguide antenna; the arrangement directions of the two polarized antenna units and the feed network are mutually vertical, so that the maximization of the aperture utilization rate is realized; the waveguide antenna is used as a reflection floor of the microstrip antenna, and meanwhile, the microstrip antenna provides an isolation shielding effect for waveguide antenna units, and the microstrip antenna has the characteristic of function multiplexing. In addition, the antenna in the embodiment has the capability that two linear polarization antennas can realize large-angle scanning due to high aperture utilization rate and small unit spacing.
Drawings
other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a vertical polarized waveguide slot antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a horizontally polarized microstrip umbrella dipole antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a horizontally polarized microstrip umbrella dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of isolation between elements of a vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a diagram of a vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna scanning a 40 ° pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a 40 ° directional pattern for horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella element scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna, which comprises: the vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna and the horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella-shaped element antenna are alternately arranged; the waveguide slot antenna forms a reflection floor of the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna, and the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna forms a separation wall of the waveguide slot antenna; the waveguide slot antenna radiates vertical polarized electromagnetic waves with the electric field direction perpendicular to the slots to the free space, and the micro-strip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna radiates horizontal polarized electromagnetic waves with the electric field direction parallel to the oscillators.
in the embodiment, the vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna is paved along the horizontal direction, the horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna is installed along the vertical direction, and the vertical polarization microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna and the horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna are alternately arranged and do not occupy the area; the waveguide slot antenna is simultaneously used as a reflection floor of the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna, and the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna provides a partition wall effect for the waveguide slot antenna, so that the isolation between units is improved, and the active standing wave of the antenna unit is reduced.
Illustratively, a vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna includes: the device comprises a radiation slit, a radiation waveguide, a coupling slit, a combined waveguide, an impedance tuning block, an impedance change section and a feed probe; the radiation slots are arranged on the radiation waveguide and are staggered along the central line of the radiation waveguide to form a radiation element of the vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna; the radiation waveguide is a broadside single-ridge waveguide, and the broadside size of the radiation waveguide is related to the beam scanning requirement; the I-shaped coupling gap is arranged on the radiation waveguide and used for transmitting the radio frequency energy in the combined waveguide to the radiation waveguide and radiating the radio frequency energy into free space through the radiation gap.
Illustratively, the radiation slots are arranged on the wide side of the radiation waveguide and staggered along the center line, the polarization direction of the radiation electromagnetic wave is vertical to the radiation slots, and the number of the radiation slots is 8; the radiation waveguide is in a wide-edge and ridge form; the coupling slots are arranged on the ridge side of the radiation waveguide, and the number of the coupling slots is 2; the structure forms of the combining waveguide and the radiation waveguide are consistent, the non-ridge edge of the combining waveguide and the ridge edge of the radiation waveguide have the same wall thickness, and energy is transmitted to the radiation waveguide through the I-shaped coupling seam; the impedance tuning block is a rectangular structure on the non-ridge edge of the combined waveguide, the center of the impedance tuning block is provided with a hole, and the probe is inserted into the hole; the impedance step transformation section is a multi-section circular cavity structure on the ridge edge of the combining waveguide and has two different radius sizes. Alternatively, the number of radiation slits may be any plural number. The coupling slits may be slanted slits and H-shaped slits, or other shaped structures. The impedance tuning block may be one of square, rectangular, triangular, circular, elliptical, regular polygonal, and irregular polygonal. The radial dimension of the impedance step transformation section may be three dimensions, or more.
In this embodiment, the horizontally polarized microstrip umbrella-shaped element antenna includes: the antenna comprises an oblique radiating oscillator, a microstrip balun, an isolation pile and a strip line feed network; the oblique radiation oscillator and the microstrip balun are printed on two sides of the dielectric plate; the isolation pile and the microstrip oscillator are positioned on the same side of the dielectric plate; the strip line feed network is contacted with the waveguide slot antenna through the two metal shielding layers. Alternatively, the isolation piles may be one of square, rectangular, triangular, or other shaped structures. The stripline feed network may also take the form of a microstrip line.
Specifically, a common-aperture 8 × 8-element wide-angle scanning dual-polarization phased array antenna adopting a two-dimensional mounting mode is taken as an example for detailed description, and the number of the array elements can be expanded or reduced according to the application requirements.
it should be noted that the number of the radiation slits is 8, but is not limited to 8.
Fig. 1 is an explosion schematic diagram of a wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased-array antenna provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased-array antenna includes 8 dual-polarization antenna units, each dual-polarization unit is composed of two vertical polarization waveguide slot antennas 1 and a horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella-shaped element antenna 2, which are different in polarization form, structure form and material property.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, a vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna 1 according to the embodiment includes: a radiation slit 101, a radiation waveguide 102, a coupling slit 104, a combining waveguide 105, an impedance tuning block 106, an impedance change section 107 and a feed probe 108; the material properties of the radiation waveguide 102 and the combining waveguide 105 are aluminum alloy, and the wall thickness is 0.8 mm. The radiation slots 101 are arranged on the radiation waveguide 102 to form radiation elements of the vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna 1, the distance between the adjacent radiation slots 101 is half of the waveguide wavelength, the slot width is 1mm, and the radiation slots are arranged along the central line of the radiation waveguide 102 in a staggered mode. The radiation waveguide 102 is a wide-side single-ridge waveguide, the size of the wide side of which is determined by the beam scanning requirement, when the scanning angle is smaller, the wide side of the radiation waveguide 102 can be larger, and the ridge side 103 in the radiation waveguide becomes lower or disappears; when the scan angle is large, such as 60, the dimension of the broad side of the radiation guide 102 is about half the operating wavelength, and the ridge 103 in the cavity of the guide is typically high.
In this embodiment, the coupling slot 104 is used to transmit the radio frequency energy in the combining waveguide 105 to the radiation waveguide 102 and radiate the radio frequency energy into the free space through the radiation slot 101, and the form of the coupling slot 104 may have various forms, so as to maintain impedance matching between the combining waveguide and the radiation waveguide while performing energy transfer. For example, inclined slits, i-shaped slits, H-shaped slits and the like can be adopted, but the inclined slits are basically the deformation of the inclined slits, and are used for compensating the detuning caused by the insufficient slit length of the coupling slits on the width side of the shorter ridge waveguide.
in this embodiment, the combining waveguide also adopts a wide-side single-ridge form, and the ridge size is consistent with that of the radiation waveguide, but a ridge form and a ridge size with different sizes can also be adopted as long as the same propagation constant as that of the radiation waveguide is maintained. The function is to feed two sections of radiation waveguides separately. The function of the impedance tuning block and the impedance change section is to perform impedance matching on the 50 omega radio frequency connector and the hundreds of ohm combined waveguide.
In this embodiment, the vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna 1 is characterized in that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is gradually reduced as the number of the radiation slots 101 fed in series increases. In order to meet the requirement of bandwidth, the radiation slots 101 in this embodiment are divided into two groups, each group of 4 radiation slots 101 is serially fed by an independent radiation waveguide 102, and the combining waveguide 105 is used for combining the energy of the two radiation waveguides 102 into one path through the coupling slot 104.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a radio frequency signal in this embodiment is fed into the combining waveguide 105 through the feed probe 108 by the radio frequency connector 109, and impedance matching between the 50 Ω connector and the combining waveguide 105 is implemented by the impedance tuning block 106 and the impedance transformation section 107.
In this embodiment, the impedance tuning block 106 is a rectangular metal structure, and is located on the upper wall of the cavity of the combining waveguide 105, and the centers of the two are coincident. The impedance tuning block 106 also serves to hold the inner probe 108 of the rf connector with a central opening into which the inner probe 108 of the rf connector 109 is inserted to make electrical contact.
In this embodiment, the impedance transformation section 107 is two circular waveguides with different outer diameters, and is slotted on the rectangular ridge edge 103 of the combination waveguide 105. The function of the coaxial line is to form a coaxial line structure with different inner and outer diameter proportions with the inner probe 108 of the radio frequency connector, so that the impedance of the radio frequency connector 109 is matched with the wave impedance of the combined waveguide 105.
It should be noted that, the radiation waveguide may be in the form of a broadside single-ridge waveguide, or in the form of a broadside double-ridge waveguide, and the size of the ridge may be freely selected according to the requirement of the scanning capability of the antenna. The radiation waveguide is composed of two sections, and each section feeds power to 4 radiation gaps in a series feed mode.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a horizontally polarized microstrip umbrella antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the horizontally polarized microstrip umbrella antenna 2 in this embodiment includes: the antenna comprises an inclined microstrip oscillator 201 printed on one side of a radio frequency dielectric plate, a microstrip balun structure 203 printed on the other side, a rectangular isolation pile 202 printed on the same side of the oscillator and used for improving isolation between oscillator units, and a Wilkinson type strip line 1 for feeding an oscillator antenna, wherein the rectangular isolation pile 202 is used for improving isolation between oscillator units: 8 power dividers 204 and radio frequency connectors 208 for feeding the power dividers.
In this embodiment, the dielectric plate 205 is made of a Rogers 5880-type plate, and the inclined microstrip oscillator 201 and the microstrip balun structure 203 are printed on two sides of the dielectric plate 205 respectively. The dielectric plate 206 is a laminated structure of two dielectric plates 205, and the strip line power divider 204 is located in the middle of the two dielectric plates. The dipole arm length of the slant microstrip oscillator 201 is aboutλ denotes the wavelength, ∈rRepresents the dielectric constant. In the embodiment, the dielectric plate with a low dielectric constant is adopted, so that the radiation efficiency and the gain of the element antenna can be improved. The dipole arms being slightly inclined to reduce mutual coupling of the radiated waves between the elements, an excessive inclination angle deteriorating the cross-polarization level of the antenna, so that the inclination angle is adjustable bya compromise is selected. The isolation columns between the microstrip oscillators 201 are used for reducing mutual coupling between units, and the form is not limited to rectangular patches.
The microstrip balun structure 203 (balun: balance-unbalance) in this embodiment plays a balanced-unbalanced feeding role from the microstrip line to the dipole arm of the element antenna, and includes a 50 Ω microstrip line, a 110 Ω microstrip balun structure, and a 75 Ω impedance transformation segment.
In this embodiment, rectangular isolation piles 202 are disposed between 8 microstrip oscillators 201, which improves isolation between oscillator antennas. Due to the existence of surface waves between the antenna units, signal crosstalk and standing wave deterioration can be caused between the ports due to mutual coupling. The undulation structure is designed among the units, the propagation path of the surface wave is interfered, and the effect of improving the isolation degree among the antennas can be achieved, so that the undulation structure can be in various forms such as a rectangle, a triangle, an ellipse and the like, and the number of the undulation structure can be designed into two or more according to the requirement of higher isolation degree.
In this embodiment, 1: the 8-way power divider 204 is of a wilkinson type with an isolation resistor 207, and also functions to prevent crosstalk between ports and improve isolation. 1: the 8 omega splitter 204 includes a 50 omega stripline, a 70 omega stripline, and a 100 omega chip resistor.
the microstrip umbrella-shaped element antenna 2 in the embodiment simultaneously plays a role of a separation wall for the waveguide slot antenna 1. In the application of the waveguide slot antenna 1 in array, due to the action of surface waves, the isolation between units is poor, and the active standing wave is also large. The existence of the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna 2 blocks the surface wave transmission among the waveguide slot antennas 1, and plays the role of a separation wall. The waveguide slot antenna 1 simultaneously plays a role of a reflection floor for the micro-strip umbrella-shaped element antenna 2. The element antenna is an omnidirectional antenna, and when the element antenna is used as a directional antenna, a metal flat plate is required to be added at a position of lambda/2 away from the antenna to be used as a reflecting plate.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of isolation between vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna units according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the isolation S (1, 2) between adjacent antenna elements is less than-20 dB across the entire operating band, and the isolation S (1, 8) between the two furthest apart antenna elements is less than-50 dB at the array edge.
Fig. 8 is a 40 ° directional pattern scanned by a vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, when the antenna main lobe scans to +40 °, the antenna pattern has no grating lobe and the side lobe level is less than-10 dB.
Fig. 9 is a 40 ° directional pattern for horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella element scanning according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, when the antenna main lobe scans to +40 °, the antenna pattern has no grating lobe and the side lobe level is less than-10 dB.
In the embodiment, the light weight of the antenna design is realized by combining the microstrip antenna and the waveguide antenna; the arrangement directions of the two polarized antenna units and the feed network are mutually vertical, so that the maximization of the aperture utilization rate is realized; the waveguide antenna is used as a reflection floor of the microstrip antenna, and meanwhile, the microstrip antenna provides an isolation shielding effect for waveguide antenna units, and the microstrip antenna has the characteristic of function multiplexing. In addition, the antenna in the embodiment has the capability that two linearly polarized antennas can realize large-angle scanning.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (9)
1. A wide angle scanning dual linear polarization phased array antenna, comprising: the vertical polarization waveguide slot antenna and the horizontal polarization microstrip umbrella-shaped element antenna are alternately arranged; the waveguide slot antenna forms a reflection floor of the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna, and the microstrip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna forms a separation wall between the waveguide slot antenna units; the waveguide slot antenna radiates vertical polarized electromagnetic waves with the electric field direction perpendicular to the slots to the free space, and the micro-strip umbrella-shaped oscillator antenna radiates horizontal polarized electromagnetic waves with the electric field direction parallel to the oscillators.
2. The wide-angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna comprises: the device comprises a radiation slot, a radiation waveguide, a coupling slot, a combined waveguide and a feed probe; the radiation slots are arranged on the radiation waveguide and are staggered along the central line of the radiation waveguide to form a radiation element of the waveguide slot antenna; the radiation waveguide is a wide-side single-ridge waveguide, and the size of the wide side of the radiation waveguide is related to the beam scanning requirement; the radio frequency signal is fed into the combining waveguide through the feed probe by the radio frequency connector, and the combining waveguide is used for combining the energy of the two sections of radiation waveguides into one path through the I-shaped coupling gap; the coupling gap is arranged on the radiation waveguide and used for transmitting the radio frequency energy in the combined waveguide to the radiation waveguide and radiating the radio frequency energy into the free space through the radiation gap.
3. The wide angle scanning dual linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the vertically polarized waveguide slot antenna further comprises: the impedance tuning block is a rectangular structure arranged on the non-ridge edge of the combined waveguide; the impedance step transformation section is a two-section circular cavity structure arranged on the ridge edge of the combining waveguide; the center of the impedance tuning block is provided with a hole, and the feed probe is inserted into the hole of the impedance tuning block after passing through the impedance step transformation section.
4. The wide-angle scanning dual-linearly-polarized phased array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the number of the radiation slots is plural; the shape of the coupling slot includes: an oblique slot or an H-shaped slot.
5. The wide angle scanning dual linear polarization phased array antenna of claim 3, wherein the impedance tuning block is shaped to include: any one of a square, a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, an ellipse, a regular polygon, and an irregular polygon.
6. The wide angle scanning twin linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein the impedance step transformation section comprises a plurality of segments of various sizes.
7. the wide angle scanning dual linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the horizontally polarized microstrip umbrella antenna comprises: the antenna comprises an oblique radiating oscillator, a microstrip balun, an isolation pile and a strip line feed network; the oblique radiation oscillator and the microstrip balun are printed on two sides of the dielectric plate; the isolation pile and the microstrip oscillator are positioned on the same side of the dielectric plate; the strip line feed network is contacted with the waveguide slot antenna through the two metal shielding layers.
8. The wide angle scanning dual linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 7, wherein the isolation stub comprises: any one of a square, a rectangle, and a triangle.
9. The wide angle scanning dual-linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 7, wherein the stripline feed network comprises: microstrip line form.
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| CN111463573A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-28 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna |
| CN111864377A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Broadband collinear seam waveguide slot antenna |
| CN111952727A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-11-17 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Phased array antenna |
| CN112002998A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-27 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | One-dimensional phase-scanning distributed digital all-solid-state active dual-polarization waveguide slot array antenna |
| CN112103658A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-18 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Ultra-wideband antenna structure and electronic equipment |
| CN115603065A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-01-13 | 北京遥测技术研究所（Cn） | Dual-polarized phased array antenna |
| CN115954669A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-11 | 西安电子科技大学 | Polarization isolation frame of dual-polarization waveguide slot phased array |
| WO2023185361A1 (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, radar, and terminal |
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| CN111463573A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-28 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Dual-band high-isolation wide-angle scanning composite aperture array antenna |
| CN112002998A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-27 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | One-dimensional phase-scanning distributed digital all-solid-state active dual-polarization waveguide slot array antenna |
| CN112002998B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-09-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | One-dimensional phase-scanning distributed digital all-solid-state active dual-polarization waveguide slot array antenna |
| CN111864377A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Broadband collinear seam waveguide slot antenna |
| CN112103658A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-18 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Ultra-wideband antenna structure and electronic equipment |
| CN111952727B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2023-05-16 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Phased array antenna |
| CN111952727A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-11-17 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Phased array antenna |
| WO2023185361A1 (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, radar, and terminal |
| CN115603065A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-01-13 | 北京遥测技术研究所（Cn） | Dual-polarized phased array antenna |
| CN115603065B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2024-05-31 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Dual-polarized phased array antenna |
| CN115954669A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-11 | 西安电子科技大学 | Polarization isolation frame of dual-polarization waveguide slot phased array |
| CN115954669B (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2024-06-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Polarization isolation frame of dual-polarization waveguide gap phased array |
| CN118099777A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-05-28 | 广东纳睿雷达科技股份有限公司 | Vertical feed type dual polarized array antenna |
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