CN110560533B - Flexible roll forming method and device for metal surface microstructure array - Google Patents
Flexible roll forming method and device for metal surface microstructure array Download PDFInfo
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- CN110560533B CN110560533B CN201910870567.7A CN201910870567A CN110560533B CN 110560533 B CN110560533 B CN 110560533B CN 201910870567 A CN201910870567 A CN 201910870567A CN 110560533 B CN110560533 B CN 110560533B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D13/00—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form
- B21D13/04—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form by rolling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible rolling forming method and a flexible rolling forming device for a metal surface microstructure array, wherein the device comprises a clamping sub-device (1), an embossing roller (3) and a supporting roller (5), wherein the embossing roller (3) and the supporting roller (5) are respectively positioned at two sides of a metal piece to be processed and are oppositely arranged, and the embossing roller and the supporting roller can synchronously roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed along a preset track, so that the embossing roller can be matched with the metal piece to be processed to generate an extrusion effect to roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed to form the microstructure array; wherein the embossing roller (3) comprises a cylindrical structure with a microstructure cavity on the surface, and the supporting roller (5) comprises a cylindrical structure with a smooth surface and plays a supporting role. By improving the arrangement of each component in the device, the mutual matching working relation among the components and the like, compared with the prior art, the invention can effectively solve the problems of large-area processing difficulty and the like of the surface microstructure array of the three-dimensional complex plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal plastic forming, and particularly relates to a flexible rolling forming method and device for a metal surface microstructure array.
Background
The surface microstructure array with the drag reduction effect has a huge application prospect in the aspects of accelerating and reducing the consumption of high-speed equipment such as airplanes and high-speed rails. However, this technique is still in the experimental stage at present, limited by the surface microstructure processing technique. The method mainly comprises the steps that the size of a single microstructure is generally in the sub-millimeter level, the size of an airplane or a high-speed rail surface metal plate reaches several meters or even tens of meters, and the size, the performance and the cost of a large-area machined surface microstructure are difficult to meet by the existing micro-machining method. The parts such as the aircraft skin, the high-speed rail shell and the like have extremely large sizes and very complicated shapes, surface stretching or compression can be caused due to the macroscopic deformation of the plates, and in order to ensure the shape and the dimensional accuracy of the surface microstructures of the parts, the processing of the surface microstructure array can be carried out only after the macroscopic forming is finished, which puts more rigorous requirements on a micro-processing method and equipment.
At present, the processing method of the metal surface microstructure mainly comprises stamping forming, LIGA technology, micro electric discharge machining, femtosecond laser machining, ultra-precision machining and the like. The stamping forming is used as a precise plastic micro-forming method, and compared with other methods, the stamping forming method has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, high material utilization rate and the like; in addition, the stamping forming can not only ensure the continuity of the metal flow line, but also generate a hardening layer with certain thickness on the surface of the material, thereby effectively improving the surface performance of the part. In order to fully utilize the advantages of the stamping and forming and overcome the small size of the traditional stamping and forming, patent CN103341540B discloses a method for realizing continuous stamping and forming of surface microstructure by using the fixed-axis rotation of a roller, but the method is only suitable for flat plate processing. Patent CN101648235B discloses a flexible roller die-attaching roll forming device, which realizes continuous roll forming of three-dimensional curved surface workpieces, but the device includes a single-sided die and does not get rid of the limitation of the size of the parts.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a flexible roll forming method and apparatus for metal surface microstructure arrays, wherein the arrangement of each component in the apparatus and the working relationship of the components in cooperation with each other are improved, so that the problems of difficulty in large-area processing of three-dimensional complex plate surface microstructure arrays and the like can be effectively solved, compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes the rolling extrusion effect of the embossing roller and the supporting roller to continuously deform the material on the metal plate surface in an elastic-plastic manner, and the movement tracks, the movement rates, the extrusion forces and the like of the embossing roller and the supporting roller can be preset and flexibly adjusted to be suitable for various metal materials.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a flexible roll forming apparatus for metal surface microstructure array, characterized by comprising a holding sub-apparatus (1), an embossing roll (3) and a back-up roll (5), wherein,
the clamping sub-device (1) is used for clamping and fixing a metal piece to be processed, so that the metal piece to be processed is kept fixed;
the embossing roller (3) and the supporting roller (5) are respectively positioned on two sides of the metal piece to be processed and are oppositely arranged, and the embossing roller and the supporting roller can synchronously roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed along a preset track, so that the embossing roller and the supporting roller can be matched with the metal piece to be processed to produce an extrusion effect and further roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed to form a microstructure array; the embossing roller (3) comprises a cylindrical structure with a microstructure cavity on the surface, the supporting roller (5) comprises a cylindrical structure with a smooth surface and plays a supporting role, and the shape of the microstructure formed by rolling is matched with the microstructure cavity on the surface of the cylindrical structure of the embossing roller (3).
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the platen roller (3) and the backup roller (5) are attached to the ends of 2 robot arms, respectively.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the platen roller (3) is controlled by a first robot; the support roller (5) is controlled by a second robot.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a flexible roll forming method for a metal surface microstructure array, which is characterized in that the method utilizes the flexible roll forming device for the metal surface microstructure array, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing the metal piece to be processed by using a clamping device to keep the metal piece to be processed fixed;
(2) respectively installing an embossing roller and a supporting roller at the tail ends of 2 robot arms, and enabling the embossing roller and the supporting roller to be respectively positioned at two sides of a metal piece to be processed and oppositely arranged;
(3) and starting the 2 robot arms to enable the embossing roller and the supporting roller to synchronously roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed along a preset track, so that the embossing roller and the supporting roller are matched with the metal piece to be processed to generate an extrusion effect to roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed to form a microstructure array, and the processing of the metal surface microstructure array can be realized.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the scrolling is performed at a predetermined linear velocity.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in the step (3), the magnitude of the pressing force of the pressing action satisfies a preset pressing force magnitude requirement.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the metal member to be treated is a metal plate member.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
1) the flexible rolling forming method of the microstructure array provided by the invention is not limited by the shape of the plate and can be suitable for a three-dimensional plate with a complex shape. The general forming process in the prior art needs a die with a specific shape to be attached to the whole part, but the invention can form a microstructure array on the surface of a metal piece with any shape by synchronous flexible rolling of the embossing roller and the supporting roller (the metal piece to be processed is kept fixed by the clamping sub-device), thereby realizing flexible rolling forming.
2) The flexible rolling forming method for the microstructure array provided by the invention realizes the continuous forming of the metal surface microstructure, and the processing area can be infinite theoretically, so that the flexible rolling forming method can especially realize the large-area processing of the three-dimensional complex plate surface microstructure array. By utilizing the method, the size of the metal piece to be processed is not limited (can be extremely small or extremely large, theoretically can be infinitely large), and compared with other prior art, the method is especially suitable for processing the surface microstructure of the large-size metal piece with the size of more than 10 m.
The method is suitable for processing the microstructure array on the surface of the part after the macroscopic forming is finished (namely, a flat plate can be formed into any three-dimensional curved surface structure by using the macroscopic forming, and then the microstructure array is processed on the surface of the three-dimensional curved surface structure by using the method to obtain a target metal piece by forming); the invention can preset parameters such as rolling and impressing speed, load and the like, and the material on the surface of the metal plate is continuously subjected to elastic-plastic deformation under the rolling and extruding action of the impressing roller and the supporting roller, so that the microstructure array is formed. Taking the example that the robot arm is adopted to drive the embossing roller and the supporting roller to be matched for rolling, the embossing roller can roll on one side of the metal plate part needing to be processed with the microstructure array according to a certain track under the operation of the robot, and the supporting roller can roll along the other side of the metal plate part and the embossing roller at the same linear speed under the cooperative operation of another robot, so that the supporting function is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a molding apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of the forming apparatus of the present invention.
The meanings of the reference symbols in the figures are as follows: 1 is a clamping device (i.e., a clamping sub-device), 2 is a sheet metal member, 3 is an impression roller, 4 is a robot (i.e., a first robot), 5 is a back-up roller, and 6 is a robot (i.e., a second robot).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the flexible roll forming method of the metal surface microstructure array of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) fixing the metal plate 2 by adopting a clamping device 1;
2) the embossing roller 3 is arranged at the tail end of the arm of the robot 4, and the supporting roller 5 is arranged at the tail end of the arm of the robot 6; of course, the platen roller 3 and the backup roller 5 may be 2 different arms on the same robot.
3) And setting parameters such as rolling and stamping speed, load and the like, starting the robot 4 and the robot 6, enabling the stamping roller 3 to roll on one side of the metal plate 2, which is required to be processed with the microstructure array, according to a certain track under the operation of the robot 4, and enabling the supporting roller 5 to roll along the other side of the metal plate 2 and the stamping roller 3 at the same linear speed under the operation of the robot 6, so as to play a supporting role. The material on the surface of the metal plate 2 is continuously subjected to elastic-plastic deformation under the rolling and pressing action of the embossing roller 3 and the supporting roller 5, so that the microstructure array is formed.
4) After the formation of the microstructure array is completed, the robot 4 and the robot 6 are shut down.
Correspondingly, the flexible rolling forming device for the metal surface microstructure array comprises a clamping device 1, an embossing roller 3, a robot 4, a supporting roller 5 and a robot 6, wherein,
the embossing roller 3 comprises a cylinder structure with a microstructure cavity on the surface (besides the cylinder structure, the embossing roller can also comprise other auxiliary structures for connecting the cylinder to the tail end of the robot arm, and the auxiliary structures can be arranged by referring to the prior art);
the support roller 4 comprises a smooth-surfaced cylindrical structure (the support roller may comprise, in addition to the cylindrical structure, other auxiliary structures for connecting the cylinder to the end of the robot arm, which auxiliary structures may be arranged as referred to in the prior art);
the embossing roller 3 is arranged at the tail end of the arm of the robot 4, and the supporting roller 5 is arranged at the tail end of the arm of the robot 6.
The shape, size and distribution of the microstructure array of the single microstructure can be determined according to application occasions, for example, the microstructure with the function of resistance reduction can be based on fluid mechanics, and parameters such as the movement speed of a moving object are considered, so that the optimal resistance reduction effect is achieved, and the size of the microstructure and the distribution of the microstructure on the surface of the metal plate are finally determined. The design of the sizes of the embossing roller and the supporting roller and the parameters such as the rolling speed of the embossing roller and the supporting roller in the flexible roll forming is relatively complex, and the microstructure needs to obtain the ideal filling effect under the condition that the maximum load of a robot is not exceeded, and the step can be realized by means of material forming numerical simulation software.
The invention improves the traditional stamping forming method into a flexible forming method which rolls along the surface of the plate by two rollers, not only maintains the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, high material utilization rate and the like of the traditional stamping forming, but also realizes the continuous forming of the microstructure array on the surface of the plate, and the method is not limited by the shape and the size of the plate. The invention can powerfully promote the application of the surface microstructure array drag reduction technology to airplanes and high-speed rails, also provides an important reference basis for the application of high-speed equipment such as ships, submarines, missiles and the like in the technology, and has important significance for enhancing the service performance of the transportation equipment and the fighting performance of advanced weaponry in China.
The robot arm adopted in the invention can be any one in the prior art, as long as the parameters such as motion trail, motion speed and the like can be controlled, and the corresponding load meets the requirements; the parameters such as the movement trajectory and the movement speed of the robot arm can be set with reference to the operation manual of the robot arm.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A flexible rolling forming device of a metal surface microstructure array is characterized by comprising a clamping sub-device (1), an embossing roller (3) and a supporting roller (5), wherein,
the clamping sub-device (1) is used for clamping and fixing a metal piece to be processed, so that the metal piece to be processed is kept fixed;
the embossing roller (3) and the supporting roller (5) are respectively positioned on two sides of the metal piece to be processed and are oppositely arranged, and the embossing roller and the supporting roller can synchronously roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed along a preset track, so that the embossing roller and the supporting roller can be matched with the metal piece to be processed to produce an extrusion effect and further roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed to form a microstructure array; the embossing roller (3) comprises a cylindrical structure with a microstructure cavity on the surface, the supporting roller (5) comprises a cylindrical structure with a smooth surface and plays a supporting role, and the shape of the microstructure formed by rolling is matched with the microstructure cavity on the surface of the cylindrical structure of the embossing roller (3), so that the embossing roller is suitable for processing a microstructure array on the surface of the part after the macro forming is completed.
2. The apparatus for flexible roll forming of microstructure array on metal surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the embossing roll (3) and the back-up roll (5) are mounted on the end of 2 robot arms respectively.
3. The flexible roll forming device of the metal surface microstructure array as claimed in claim 2, wherein the embossing roll (3) is controlled by a first robot; the support roller (5) is controlled by a second robot.
4. A method for flexible roll forming of an array of microstructures on a metal surface, the method being a flexible roll forming apparatus using an array of microstructures on a metal surface according to any of claims 1 to 3, and comprising the steps of:
(1) fixing the metal piece to be processed by using a clamping device to keep the metal piece to be processed fixed;
(2) respectively installing an embossing roller and a supporting roller at the tail ends of 2 robot arms, and enabling the embossing roller and the supporting roller to be respectively positioned at two sides of a metal piece to be processed and oppositely arranged;
(3) and starting the 2 robot arms to enable the embossing roller and the supporting roller to synchronously roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed along a preset track, so that the embossing roller and the supporting roller are matched with the metal piece to be processed to generate an extrusion effect to roll on the surface of the metal piece to be processed to form a microstructure array, and the processing of the metal surface microstructure array can be realized.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in step (3), the rolling is performed at a predetermined linear speed.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the magnitude of the extrusion force of the extrusion satisfies a predetermined requirement of the extrusion force.
7. The method for forming by flexible rolling a microstructure array on a metal surface according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the metal piece to be processed is a metal plate.
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| CN111876570B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-05-06 | 华东理工大学 | Machining system and control method of ultrasonic rolling strengthening robot for blade of aircraft engine |
| CN113909385B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-01-31 | 江苏大学 | Production mold and production method of corrugated pipe with uniform wall thickness |
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| CN103341540A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-10-09 | 吉林大学 | Microstructure surface rolling forming device and method |
| CN105598245A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-25 | 福特全球技术公司 | High stiffness and high access forming tool for incremental sheet forming |
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| JPS61126930A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-06-14 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Shaping method of h-shape steel flange tip |
| DK111092D0 (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1992-09-08 | Per Bjoern Christensen | ROLLING SECTION FOR LENGTH PROFILING OF PLATE MATERIALS AND A PROFILING ROLLING WORK INCLUDING SUCH ROLLING SECTIONS |
| DK11292A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1993-07-31 | Per Bjoern Christensen | ROLLING SECTION FOR LENGTH PROFILING OF PLATE MATERIALS AND A PROFILING ROLLING WORK INCLUDING SUCH ROLLING SECTIONS |
| KR101309228B1 (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-09-23 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Sheet forming apparatus with flexible rollers |
| CN103111502A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-05-22 | 吉林大学 | Microstructure surface plastic forming combination roller |
| CN104360580A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Rolling-forming manufacturing method for microstructure on curved surface |
| CN106734452B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-05-18 | 吉林大学 | Plate surface micro-structure ploughs plough building mortion and manufacturing process |
| CN208099955U (en) * | 2018-02-25 | 2018-11-16 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of micro- texture preparation facilities of new medical joint prosthesis ball surface |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103341540A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-10-09 | 吉林大学 | Microstructure surface rolling forming device and method |
| CN105598245A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-25 | 福特全球技术公司 | High stiffness and high access forming tool for incremental sheet forming |
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