CN110556970A - charging and discharging control circuit, power generation and supply control system and electric locomotive - Google Patents
charging and discharging control circuit, power generation and supply control system and electric locomotive Download PDFInfo
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- CN110556970A CN110556970A CN201910768855.1A CN201910768855A CN110556970A CN 110556970 A CN110556970 A CN 110556970A CN 201910768855 A CN201910768855 A CN 201910768855A CN 110556970 A CN110556970 A CN 110556970A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1846—Rotary generators structurally associated with wheels or associated parts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1861—Rotary generators driven by animals or vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a charging and discharging control circuit, a power generation and supply control system and an electric locomotive. The charging and discharging control circuit comprises a charging control unit, a measurement and control unit and a discharging control unit. The measurement and control unit controls the conduction of the first driving end and the second driving end by detecting the magnitude of an electric signal of the electric storage unit, and drives and controls the charging control unit by the conduction of the first driving end, so that the charging state of the electric storage unit by the power generation unit is controlled; the discharge control unit is driven and controlled through the conduction of the second driving end, so that the discharge state of the power generation unit to the electric storage unit is controlled. The charge and discharge control circuit can effectively control the charge and discharge state of the electric storage unit, so that the voltage and the current of the electric storage unit can be kept stable in the charge and discharge process. The problem that the stability of power generation and power supply is poor in the traditional power generation system is solved, and the effect of greatly improving the stability of power generation and power supply is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of railway transportation, in particular to a charging and discharging control circuit, a power generation and supply control system and an electric locomotive.
Background
Railway transportation is one of three main transportation modes, has the advantages of large transportation capacity, high speed, low cost, good regularity, no limitation of climatic conditions and suitability for long-distance transportation of large and bulky cargos. With the rapid development of economy, the railway transportation is mainly developed towards high speed and heavy loading. In order to ensure that the railway train keeps running stably for a long time in the running process, the instrument equipment, the running condition and the like of the railway train need to be detected in real time in the running process, and the electric energy supply is needed for the real-time detection and the electric equipment for transmitting various signals on the railway train, so that the power generation system on the railway train plays an important role.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the traditional power generation system has the problem of poor stability of power generation and power supply.
disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a charging and discharging control circuit, a power generation and supply control system and an electric locomotive for solving the problem of poor power generation and supply stability of the conventional power generation system on the railway train.
in order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a charge and discharge control circuit, including a charge control unit, a measurement and control unit, and a power generation control unit;
The first driving end of the measurement and control unit is connected with the control end of the charging control unit, the second driving end of the measurement and control unit is connected with the control end of the discharging control unit, and the detection end of the measurement and control unit is used for being connected with the electric storage unit;
The input end of the charging control unit is used for the power generation unit, and the output end of the charging control unit is used for being connected with the electric storage unit; the input end of the discharging control unit is used for being connected with the electric storage unit, and the output end of the discharging control unit is used for being connected with the load unit;
The measurement and control unit is used for detecting an electric signal of the electric storage unit and respectively driving the charging control unit and the discharging control unit according to the electric signal, the charging control unit is used for controlling the charging state of the power generation unit to the electric storage unit, and the discharging control unit is used for controlling the discharging state of the electric storage unit to the load unit.
In one embodiment, the electrical signal comprises a voltage;
When the measurement and control unit detects that the voltage of the power storage unit rises to a first set voltage, the charging control unit is driven to control the power generation unit to stop charging the power storage unit;
When the measurement and control unit detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit is reduced to a second set voltage, the charging control unit is driven to control the power generation unit to start charging the electric storage unit; the first set voltage is higher than the second set voltage.
in one embodiment, the electrical signal comprises a voltage;
When the measurement and control unit detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit is reduced to a third set voltage, the discharge control unit is driven to control the electric storage unit to stop discharging;
when the measurement and control unit detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit rises to a second set voltage, the discharge control unit is driven to control the electric storage unit to start discharging; the second set voltage is higher than the third set voltage.
in one embodiment, the charge control unit comprises a first solid state relay;
The power generation unit is connected with the anode of the electric storage unit through the output control end of the first solid-state relay, the first input control end of the first solid-state relay is connected with the first driving end of the measurement and control unit, and the second input control end of the first solid-state relay is connected with the cathode of the electric storage unit.
in one embodiment, the charge control unit further comprises a time relay;
A first input control end of the time relay is connected with a first driving end of the measurement and control unit, and a second input control end of the time relay is connected with a negative electrode of the electric storage unit;
And a first output control end of the time relay is connected with the anode of the electric storage unit, and a second output control end of the time relay is connected with a first input control end of the first solid-state relay.
in one embodiment, the discharge control unit comprises a second solid state relay;
a first input control end of the second solid-state relay is connected with a second driving end of the measurement and control unit, and a second input control end of the second solid-state relay is connected with a negative electrode of the electric storage unit; and the positive electrode of the electric storage unit is connected with the load unit through the output control end of the second solid-state relay.
In one embodiment, the measurement and control unit is an intelligent voltmeter;
The first driving end of the intelligent voltmeter comprises a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal is used for being connected with the anode of the electric storage unit, and the second terminal is connected with the first input control end of the time relay;
The second driving end of the intelligent voltmeter comprises a third terminal and a fourth terminal, the third terminal is used for being connected with the anode of the electric storage unit, and the fourth terminal is connected with the first input control end of the second solid-state relay;
The detection end of the intelligent voltmeter comprises a detection input terminal and a detection output terminal, the detection input terminal is used for being connected with the anode of the electric storage unit, and the detection output terminal is used for being connected with the cathode of the electric storage unit.
on the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a power generation and supply control system, which comprises a power generation unit, an electric storage unit, a load unit and the charge and discharge control circuit provided by the invention.
In one embodiment, the power storage unit includes N storage batteries, and N is a positive integer.
In one embodiment, the power generation unit comprises a generator and a rectifier;
The output end of the generator is connected with the input end of the rectifier, the first output end of the rectifier is connected to the positive pole of the electric storage unit through the output control end of the first solid-state relay of the charging control unit, and the second output end of the rectifier is connected with the negative pole of the electric storage unit.
In one embodiment, the load unit comprises an inverter and a load, wherein the output end of the inverter is connected with the input end of the load, the first input terminal of the inverter is connected to the positive pole of the storage unit through the output control end of the second solid-state relay of the discharge control unit, and the second input terminal of the inverter is connected with the negative pole of the storage unit.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides an electric locomotive which comprises the power generation and supply control system provided by the invention.
One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
According to the charging and discharging control circuit, the power generation and supply control system and the electric locomotive, the measurement and control unit detects the electric signal of the electric storage unit to drive the charging control unit to control the charging state of the electric generation unit to the electric storage unit and drive the discharging control unit to control the discharging state of the electric storage unit to the load unit, so that the problem that the traditional power generation system is poor in power generation and supply stability is solved, and the effect of greatly improving the power generation and supply stability is achieved.
drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a charge/discharge control circuit in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a charge and discharge control circuit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of an embodiment of a charge and discharge control circuit;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a power generation and supply control system in one embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a specific circuit diagram of a power generation and supply control system in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element and be integral therewith, or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "first end," "second end," "one end," "another end," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The power generation mode of the current railway train mostly adopts magnetic suspension vibration or friction type power generation, so that the stability of voltage and current sent by a power generation system on an electric locomotive is poor, and the load power consumption in the actual power utilization process can fluctuate greatly, so that the service life of a storage battery carried in the power generation system is greatly shortened, the storage battery is frequently replaced, the resource waste is easily caused, and the environmental pollution can be caused due to improper treatment of the storage battery. The embodiment of the invention provides a charging and discharging control circuit, aiming at the problem of poor stability of a power generation system on a railway train.
as shown in fig. 1, a charging and discharging control circuit 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a discharging control unit 210, a measurement and control unit 220, and a charging control unit 230. A first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 is connected to a control end of the charging control unit 230. The second driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 is connected to the control end of the discharge control unit 210. The detection end of the measurement and control unit 220 is used for connecting the electric storage unit 020. The input end of the charging control unit 230 is used for connecting the power generation unit 030. The output terminal of the charging control unit 230 is connected to the electric storage unit 020. The input terminal of the discharge control unit 210 is connected to the electric storage unit 020. The output of the discharge control unit 210 is used to connect the load unit 010. The measurement and control unit 220 is configured to detect an electrical signal of the electrical storage unit 020, and respectively drive the charging control unit 230 and the discharging control unit 210 according to the electrical signal. The charge control means 230 controls the state of charge of the power storage means 020 by the power generation means 030. The discharge control unit 210 controls the discharge state of the power storage unit 020 to the load unit 010.
The power generation unit 030 may be an alternator, a dc generator, or a combined power generation circuit with a rectifier added thereto as a power generation component. Power storage section 020 may be a large-capacity storage battery, an electric double layer capacitor, or a battery pack as storage means for electric energy. The electric storage unit 020 includes three operation states, one of which is that the electric storage unit 020 is charged by the electric generator 030 under the control of the charge controller 230, the other of which is that the electric storage unit 020 is discharged to the load unit 010 under the control of the discharge controller 210, and the other of which is that the electric storage unit 020 is charged by the electric generator 030 under the control of the charge controller 230 and the load unit 010 is discharged under the control of the discharge controller 210. The load unit 010 as a power consuming unit can be directly connected to the electric equipment of the railway train.
the charging control unit 230 controls the conduction relationship between the power generation unit 030 and the power storage unit 020 according to the driving signal sent by the measurement and control unit 220, and the charging control unit 230 may be a relay, a triode, or a logic circuit capable of implementing the same function. The discharge control unit 210 controls the conduction relationship between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010 according to the driving signal sent by the measurement and control unit 220, and the discharge control unit 210 can be a relay, a triode or a logic circuit capable of realizing the same function.
the measurement and control unit 220 has a main function of detecting the magnitude of the electrical signal of the electrical storage unit 020, and drives the charging control unit 230 and the discharging control unit 210 by determining the magnitude of the electrical signal to ensure that the electrical storage unit 020 is not damaged due to overcharge and overdischarge. Which may be, but is not limited to, voltage signals, current signals, and power signals.
Specifically, when the electric signal detected by the measurement and control unit 220 drops to a level that can drive the charging control unit 230, the charging control unit 230 controls the electric power generation unit 030 and the electric power storage unit 020 to be conducted, so that the electric power generation unit 030 charges the electric power storage unit 020. When the electric signal detected by the measurement and control unit 220 rises to a level at which the charging control unit 230 cannot be driven, the charging control unit 230 controls the electricity generating unit 030 and the electricity storage unit 020 to be disconnected from each other, so that the charging control unit 230 controls the electricity generating unit 030 to stop charging the electricity storage unit 020.
When the electric signal detected by the measurement and control unit 220 rises to drive the discharging control unit 210, the discharging control unit 210 controls the conduction between the electricity storage unit 020 and the load unit 010, so that the electricity storage unit 020 discharges the load unit 010. When the electric signal detected by the measurement and control unit 220 drops to a level where the discharge control unit 210 cannot be driven, the discharge control unit 210 controls the disconnection between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010, so that the electric storage unit 020 stops continuously discharging the load unit 010.
The charge/discharge control circuit 200 controls the charging state of the electric storage unit 020 by the electric generation unit 030 and the power generation state of the electric storage unit 020 by the electric generation unit 010 by driving the charge control unit 230 and controls the power generation state of the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010 by driving the power generation control unit according to the detection of the electric signal magnitude of the electric storage unit 020 by the measurement and control unit 220. Therefore, the controllability of charging and discharging of the storage battery is realized, and the stability of voltage and current is improved, so that stable applicable voltage is provided for electric equipment.
In one embodiment, the measurement and control unit 220 detects the electric signal of the electric storage unit 020 as a voltage. When detecting that the voltage of the electricity storage unit 020 has increased to the first set voltage, the measurement and control unit 220 drives the charging control unit 230 to control the electricity generation unit 030 to stop charging the electricity storage unit 020. When the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to the second set voltage, the drive charge control unit 230 controls the electric power generation unit 030 to start charging the electric storage unit 020. The first set voltage is higher than the second set voltage.
The first setting voltage is provided to protect the electric storage unit 020 from being damaged due to an excessive charge amount of the electric storage unit 020 when the electric storage unit 020 is in a charged state; the second setting voltage is set to ensure that the amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 020 can be maintained within a certain range.
Specifically, when the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 rises to a first set voltage, the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 stops conducting, the measurement and control unit 220 stops driving the charging control unit 230, so that the charging control unit 230 controls the circuit between the electric generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020 to be disconnected, and at this time, the electric generation unit 030 stops continuously charging the electric storage unit 020. When the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to the second set voltage due to discharging, the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 is conducted, the measurement and control unit 220 starts to drive the charging control unit 230, so that the charging control unit 230 controls the circuit between the electric generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020 to be conducted, and at this time, the electric generation unit 030 starts to charge the electric storage unit 020 again.
When the on-off control of the circuit between the power generation unit 030 and the power storage unit 020 is implemented by the charging control unit 230, the on-off control may be implemented by a mechanical switch or a level signal control switch, for example, the charging control unit 230 flicks or closes a mechanical switch connected to the circuit between the power generation unit 030 and the power storage unit 020 according to the driving condition of the measurement and control unit 220, so that the circuit between the power generation unit 030 and the power storage unit 020 is closed or opened.
or for example, the charging control unit 230 generates a level signal in the charging control unit 230 according to the driving condition of the measurement and control unit 220, and controls an electronic switch connected to the loop between the power generation unit 030 and the power storage unit 020, so that the loop between the power generation unit 030 and the power storage unit 020 is closed or opened.
The measurement and control unit 220 detects the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 and determines the magnitude of the detected voltage to control the electric storage unit 020 to start charging or stop charging. By controlling the voltage range of the electric storage unit 020 in the charging state, the electric storage unit 020 is prevented from being damaged due to overcharge, and controllability of the charging state of the electric storage unit 020 is ensured.
In one embodiment, the measurement and control unit 220 detects the electric signal of the electric storage unit 020 as a voltage. When detecting that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to the third setting voltage, the measurement and control unit 220 drives the discharge control unit 210 to control the electric storage unit 020 to stop discharging the load unit 010. When the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 rises to the second set voltage, the driving and discharging control unit 210 controls the electric storage unit 020 to start discharging the load unit 010. The second set voltage is higher than the third set voltage.
The third setting voltage is set to protect the electric storage unit 020 from being damaged by overdischarge when the electric storage unit 020 is in a discharged state.
Specifically, when the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to a third set voltage, the second driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 stops conducting, the measurement and control unit 220 stops driving the discharging control unit 210, so that the discharging control unit 210 controls the circuit between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010 to be disconnected, and at this time, the electric storage unit 020 stops continuously discharging the load unit 010. When the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 rises to a second set voltage due to charging, the second driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 is conducted, the measurement and control unit 220 starts to drive the discharging control unit 210, so that the discharging control unit 210 controls the loop between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010 to be conducted, and at the moment, the electric storage unit 020 restarts to discharge the load unit 010.
The discharging control unit 210 can be implemented by a mechanical switch or a level signal control switch when implementing on-off control of the circuit between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010, and the specific implementation process is as exemplified in the above embodiment by the charging control unit 230 when implementing on-off control of the circuit between the electric generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020.
The measurement and control unit 220 detects the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 and determines the magnitude of the detected voltage to control the electric storage unit 020 to start or stop discharging. By controlling the voltage range of the electric storage unit 020 in the discharging state, the electric storage unit 020 is prevented from being damaged due to over-discharge, and the controllability of the discharging state of the electric storage unit 020 is ensured.
as shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, the charge control unit 230 includes a first solid state relay 232. The power generation unit 030 is connected to the positive electrode of the electricity storage unit 020 through the output control terminal of the first solid-state relay 232. A first input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 is connected to a first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220. The second input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 is connected with the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020.
The first solid-state relay 232 includes an input control terminal and an output control terminal, which both include two terminals. Therefore, when one end of the input control terminal of the first solid-state relay 232 is defined as the first input control terminal, the other end is defined as the second input control terminal.
Specifically, when the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 rises to a first set voltage, the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 cannot be conducted, the measurement and control unit 220 stops driving the first solid-state relay 232, at this time, the first input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 and the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 are disconnected, the first input control end of the first solid-state relay 232, the second input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 and the positive electrode of the electric storage unit 020 do not form a closed loop, so that the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232 cannot be kept closed, at this time, the loop between the power generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020 is disconnected, and the power generation unit 030 stops charging the electric storage unit 020.
When the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to a second set voltage, the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 is conducted, the measurement and control unit 220 starts to drive the first solid-state relay 232, at the moment, the first input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 and the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 are conducted, the first input control end and the second input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 form a closed loop with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020, so that the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232 is controlled to be kept in a closed state, at the moment, the loop between the power generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020 is conducted, and the power generation unit 030 starts to recharge the electric storage unit.
When the on-off control of the circuit between the power generation unit 030 and the power storage unit 020 is realized, the first solid-state relay 232 can be realized by controlling the switch through a level signal, for example, when the first input control end and the second input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 do not form a closed circuit with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power storage unit 020, the input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 sends a logic level control signal of "0" to the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232, so that the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232 cannot be closed and conducted, the circuit between the power generation unit 030 and the power storage unit 020 is opened, and at this time, the power generation unit 030 cannot charge the power storage unit 020.
When the first input control end and the second input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020 form a closed loop, the input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 sends a logic level control signal of '1' to the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232, so that the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232 is closed and conducted, the loop between the power generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020 is conducted, and at the moment, the power generation unit 030 starts to charge the electric storage unit 020.
The first solid-state relay 232 sends a logic level control signal to its own output control end according to the driving signal of the measurement and control unit 220, so as to control the conduction state of the loop between the power generation unit 030 and the electricity storage unit 020, and realize the controllability of the charging state of the electricity storage unit 020.
as shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the charging control unit 230 further includes a time relay 231. The first input control end of the time relay 231 is connected with the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220. The second input control terminal of time relay 231 is connected to the negative electrode of power storage unit 020. The first output control terminal of the time relay 231 is the positive electrode of the electric storage unit 020. The second output control terminal of the time relay 231 is connected to the first input control terminal of the first solid-state relay 232.
The time relay 231 includes an input control terminal and an output control terminal, which both include two terminals. Therefore, when one end of the input control terminal defining the time relay 231 is a first input control terminal, the other end is a second input control terminal; when one end of the output control terminal defining the time relay 231 is a first output control terminal, the other end is a second output control terminal.
in the above embodiment, the first input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 may be directly connected to the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220, and in this embodiment, the first input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 may be indirectly connected to the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 through the time relay 231.
Specifically, when the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 rises to a first set voltage, the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 cannot be conducted, the measurement and control unit 220 stops driving the time relay 231, at this time, the first input control end of the time relay 231 and the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 are disconnected, the first input control end and the second input control end of the time relay 231 do not form a closed loop with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020, so that the first output control end and the second output end of the time relay 231 cannot be controlled to be conducted in a closed state, at this time, the first input control end and the second input control end of the first solid state relay 232 cannot form a closed loop with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020, so that the output control end of the first solid state relay 232 cannot be controlled to be kept closed, at this time, the loop between the power generation unit 030 and, power generation unit 030 stops charging power storage unit 020.
when the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to a second set voltage, the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 is conducted, the measurement and control unit 220 starts to drive the time relay 231, at this time, the first input control end and the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 231 are closed, the first input control end and the second input control end of the time relay 231 form a closed loop with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020, so as to control the first output control end and the second output control end of the time relay 231 to be conducted in a closed manner, at this time, the first input control end and the second input control end of the first solid state relay 232 form a closed loop with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020, further control the output control end of the first solid state relay 232 to be kept closed, at this time, the loop between the power generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020 is conducted, power generation unit 030 starts charging power storage unit 020.
When the time relay 231 realizes that the first input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 is indirectly connected with the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220, the time relay can be realized by controlling the switch through a level signal, for example, when the first input control end of the time relay 231 is disconnected with the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220, the first input control end and the second input control end of the time relay 231 do not form a closed loop with the anode and the cathode of the electric storage unit 020, and the input control end of the time relay 231 sends a logic level control signal of "0" to the output control end of the time relay 231, so that the first output control end and the second output end of the time relay 231 are disconnected, and the first input control end and the second input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 cannot form a closed loop with the anode and the cathode of the electric storage unit 020.
when the first input control end of the time relay 231 is connected with the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220, the first input control end and the second input control end of the time relay 231 form a closed loop with the anode and the cathode of the electric storage unit 020, the input control end of the time relay 231 sends a logic level control signal of '1' to the output control end of the time relay 231, so that the first output control end and the second output end of the time relay 231 are connected, the first input control end and the second input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 cannot form a closed loop with the anode and the cathode of the electric storage unit 020, and the first input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 is indirectly connected with the first driving end of the measurement and control unit 220.
The input control end of the time relay 231 controls the on-off of the output control end according to the driving signal of the measurement and control unit 220, and then the input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 sends a logic level control signal to the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232 after receiving the logic level control signal from the output control end of the time relay 231, and controls whether the power generation unit 030 charges the electricity storage unit 020 or not according to the conducting state of the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232. The time relay 231 and the first solid-state relay 232 work together to realize controllability of the charging control unit 230 on the charging state of the electric storage unit 020, wherein the time relay 231 has a delay control function provided by itself and also plays a role in control buffering, and damage to the electric storage unit 020 due to instability caused by oscillation and jitter of the voltage value of the electric storage unit 020 within a small range when the voltage value of the electric storage unit 020 is at the first set voltage or the second set voltage is avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the discharge control unit 210 includes a second solid state relay 210. A first input control end of the second solid-state relay 210 is connected to a second driving end of the measurement and control unit 220. The second input control terminal of the second solid-state relay 210 is connected to the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020. The positive electrode of the electric storage unit 020 is connected to the load unit 010 through the output control terminal of the second solid-state relay 210.
The second solid-state relay 210 includes an input control terminal and an output control terminal, and the input control terminal and the output control terminal both include two terminals. Therefore, when one end of the input control terminal of the second solid-state relay 210 is defined as the first input control terminal, the other end is defined as the second input control terminal.
Specifically, when the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to a third set voltage, the second driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 cannot be conducted, the measurement and control unit 220 stops driving the second solid-state relay 210, at this time, the first input control end of the second solid-state relay 210 and the second driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 are disconnected, the first input control end and the second input control end of the second solid-state relay 210 do not form a closed loop with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020, so that the output control end of the second solid-state relay 210 cannot be kept closed, at this time, the loop between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010 is disconnected, and the electric storage unit 020 stops discharging to the load unit 010.
When the measurement and control unit 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 rises to a second set voltage, the second driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 is conducted, the measurement and control unit 220 starts to drive the second solid-state relay 210, at the moment, the first input control end of the second solid-state relay 210 and the second driving end of the measurement and control unit 220 are conducted, the first input control end and the second input control end of the second solid-state relay 210 form a closed loop with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020, so that the output control end of the second solid-state relay 210 is controlled to be closed, at the moment, the loop between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010 is conducted, and the electric storage unit 020 starts to discharge to the load unit 010.
The input control end of the second solid-state relay 210 sends a logic level control signal to the output control end of the second solid-state relay 210 according to the driving signal of the measurement and control unit 220, and controls the discharging state of the electric storage unit 020 to the load unit 010 according to the conducting state of the output control end of the second solid-state relay 210, so that the controllability of the discharging state of the electric storage unit 020 is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the measurement and control unit 220 is an intelligent voltmeter 220. The first driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 comprises a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal is used for connecting the positive electrode of the electric storage unit 020, and the second terminal is connected with the first input control end of the time relay 231. The second driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 comprises a third terminal and a fourth terminal, the third terminal is used for connecting the positive electrode of the electric storage unit 020, and the fourth terminal is connected with the first input control end of the second solid-state relay 210. The detection end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 comprises a detection input end and a detection output end, the detection input end is used for connecting the positive pole of the electric power storage unit 020, and the detection output end is used for connecting the negative pole of the electric power storage unit 020.
Wherein, the detection input and the detection output of intelligence voltmeter 220 sense terminal include two terminals respectively, and the terminal of two detection inputs all is used for connecting electric power storage unit 020 anodal, and the terminal of two detection outputs all is used for connecting electric power storage unit 020's negative pole. The detection end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 and the electric power storage unit 020 form a loop, and the detection input end realizes on-off control of the first driving end and the second driving end according to judgment of the voltage of the electric power storage unit 020.
Specifically, when the detection end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 rises to the first set voltage, the first terminal and the second terminal of the first driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 are disconnected, so that the first driving end cannot be conducted, the intelligent voltmeter 220 stops driving the time relay 231, at this time, the circuit between the electric generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020 is disconnected, and the electric generation unit 030 stops charging the electric storage unit 020.
When the detection end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to the second set voltage, the first terminal and the second terminal of the first driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 are conducted, so that the first driving end is conducted, the intelligent voltmeter 220 starts to drive the time relay 231, at this time, the loop between the electric generation unit 030 and the electric storage unit 020 is conducted, and the electric generation unit 030 starts to charge the electric storage unit 020.
When the detection end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 drops to a third set voltage, the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the second driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 are disconnected, so that the second driving end cannot be conducted, the intelligent voltmeter 220 cannot drive the second solid-state relay 210, at the moment, the loop between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010 is disconnected, and the electric storage unit 020 stops discharging the load unit 010.
When the detection end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit 020 rises to the second set voltage, the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the second driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 are connected and conducted, so that the second driving end is conducted, the intelligent voltmeter 220 starts to drive the second solid-state relay 210, at the moment, the loop between the electric storage unit 020 and the load unit 010 is conducted, and the electric storage unit 020 starts to discharge to the load unit 010.
The intelligent voltmeter 220 drives the time relay 231 and the first solid-state relay 232 to control the charging state of the electric storage unit 020 through detection of the voltage of the electric storage unit 020, and drives the second solid-state relay 210 to control the discharging state of the electric storage unit 020 through detection of the voltage of the electric storage unit 020. Controllability and stability of charging and discharging of the electricity storage unit 020 are achieved.
in addition, intelligent voltmeter 220 includes three different states, a first state: the first driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 is connected and conducted, and then the charging state of the electricity generation to the electricity storage unit 020 is controlled, and the second state is: the second driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 is connected and conducted, and then the electric storage unit 020 is controlled to discharge the load unit 010, and the third state is: the first driving end and the second driving end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 are connected and conducted at the same time, so that the intelligent voltmeter 220 controls the charging state of the discharging unit to the electric storage unit 020 and controls the discharging state of the electric storage unit 020 to the load unit 010.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a power generation and supply control system, which includes a power generation unit 030, an electric storage unit 020, a load unit 010, and a charge and discharge control circuit 200.
Note that explanation of the power generating unit 030, the power storage unit 020, and the load unit 010 in the present embodiment can be understood with reference to the corresponding explanation in each embodiment of the charge/discharge control circuit 200, and will not be repeated here.
The power generation and supply control system can realize reasonable and effective control of the charging and power supply process of the electric power storage unit 020 by applying the charging and discharging control circuit 200, greatly prolongs the service life of the electric power storage unit 020 and can improve the stability of the charging process of the electric power storage unit 020.
as shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the electric storage unit 020 includes N electric storage batteries 020, N being a positive integer.
The capacity of the batteries 020 and the number of the batteries 020 connected in series may be determined according to actual use. For example, in a railway train power generation and supply system, when the capacity size of the storage battery 020 may be 12V, N may be 2. At this time, the first setting voltage is 28V, the second setting voltage is 25V, and the third setting voltage is 23V.
At this time, 2 storage batteries 020 are connected in series, the positive electrode of the first storage battery 020 is connected with the first terminal and the third terminal of the intelligent voltmeter 220 and the detection input terminal for detecting the voltage signal of the storage battery 020, and is connected with the first output control end of the time relay 231, the first output control end of the first solid-state relay 232 and the second output control end of the second solid-state relay 210; the cathode of the second storage battery 020 is connected with the second input control end of the time relay 231, the second input control end of the first solid-state relay 232 and the second input control end of the second solid-state relay 210, is connected with the detection output terminal of the intelligent voltmeter 220, and is connected with the cathodes of the power generation unit 030 and the load unit 010.
Specifically, when the detection end of the smart voltmeter 220 detects that the voltage of the battery 020 rises to 28V, the power generation unit 030 stops charging the battery 020. When the detection end of the smart voltmeter 220 detects that the voltage of the battery 020 drops to 25V, the power generation unit 030 starts recharging the battery 020. When the detection end of the intelligent voltmeter 220 detects that the voltage of the storage battery 020 drops to 23V, the storage battery 020 stops supplying power to the load unit 010. When the detection end of the smart voltmeter 220 detects that the voltage of the storage battery 020 rises to 25V again due to charging, the storage unit 020 starts supplying power to the load unit 010.
Through the flexible setting of the capacity and the quantity of the storage battery 020, the storage battery 020 can be better protected from being damaged, and the service life of the storage battery 020 is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the power generation unit 030 includes a generator 032 and a rectifier 031. The output terminal of the generator 032 is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier 031. A first output terminal of the rectifier 031 is connected to the positive electrode of the electric storage unit 020 through an output control terminal of the first solid-state relay 232 of the charging control unit 230. A second output terminal of rectifier 031 is connected to a negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020.
the generator 032 may be a three-phase ac generator 032, and its specific performance parameters may be determined according to the type of the generator 032 actually required by the applied railway train. Rectifier 031 may be a three-phase rectifier 031, the specific electrical parameters of which may be determined according to the output needs of generator 032 to be applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in addition to the aforementioned definition that the output control terminal of the first solid-state relay 232 is connected between the positive pole of the power storage unit 020 and the first output terminal of the rectifier 031, in practical applications, the output control terminal of the first solid-state relay 232 may also be connected between the negative pole of the power storage unit 020 and the second output terminal of the rectifier 031, and the same effect is achieved: the output control end of the first solid-state relay 232 controls the on/off of the loop between the electric storage unit 020 and the rectifier 031.
In order to ensure the charging and discharging stability of the storage battery 020, the three-phase alternating current generated by the generator 032 is rectified by the rectifier 031, and the rectified direct current is stored in the storage battery 020 for the load unit 010 to use.
for convenience of explanation, the 500W-24V three-phase ac generator 032 is taken as an example: in the power generation and supply control system, a 500W-24V three-phase ac generator 032 is used for generating power, ac power is rectified into 24V dc power by a three-phase rectifier 031, and a storage battery 020 is charged through an output control end of a first solid-state relay 232. Reduce the generating cost through three-phase alternating current power generation, improved the generating efficiency simultaneously to cross rectifier 031 and carry out the rectification to the electric quantity that three-phase alternator 032 sent and obtain the direct current that can stably charge to battery 020, guaranteed battery 020's stability.
As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the load unit 010 includes an inverter 011 and a load 012. An output terminal of the inverter 011 is connected to an input terminal of the load 012. A first input terminal of the inverter 011 is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery 020 through an output control terminal of the second solid-state relay 210. A second input terminal of inverter 011 is connected to the negative electrode of second battery 020.
The specific performance parameters of the inverter 011 can be determined according to the power supply requirements of the applied loads 012 on the railway train and the electrical parameters of the storage battery 020. The load 012 may be various electric devices on a railway train. However, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, in addition to the aforementioned definition that the output control terminal of the second solid-state relay 210 is connected between the positive electrode of the electric storage unit 020 and the first input terminal of the inverter 011, in practical applications, the output control terminal of the second solid-state relay 210 may also be connected between the negative electrode of the electric storage unit 020 and the second input terminal of the inverter 011, and the same effects are achieved: the output control end of the second solid-state relay 210 controls the on/off of the circuit between the electric storage unit 020 and the inverter 011.
In order to meet the power utilization condition of the load 012 of the railway train, the inverter 011 converts the direct current output by the storage battery 020 into alternating current, for example, but not limited to 220V, and in the process of supplying power to the load 012, the intelligent voltmeter 220 charges the storage battery 020 according to the voltage detection condition of the storage battery 020 or controls the storage battery 020 to stop supplying power to the load 012, so that the service cycle of the storage battery 020 is greatly prolonged.
the embodiment of the invention also provides the electric locomotive which comprises a power generation and supply control system.
The electric locomotive drives the generator 032 to generate power through rotation of the wheel axle, and rectifies alternating current through the rectifier 031, realizes controllability of charging the storage battery 020 by using the charging and discharging control circuit 200, increases stability of voltage and current of the storage battery 020, and converts direct current of the storage battery 020 into alternating current available for a load 012 on a railway train by using the inverter 011. The electric energy required by the railway train in the long-time stable running process is ensured in the running process of the railway train, and the use cost of the railway train is reduced.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
the above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A charge and discharge control circuit is characterized by comprising a charge control unit, a measurement and control unit and a discharge control unit; the first driving end of the measurement and control unit is connected with the control end of the charging control unit, the second driving end of the measurement and control unit is connected with the control end of the discharging control unit, and the detection end of the measurement and control unit is used for being connected with the power storage unit;
The input end of the charging control unit is used for being connected with the power generation unit, and the output end of the charging control unit is used for being connected with the electric storage unit; the input end of the discharge control unit is used for being connected with the electric storage unit, and the output end of the discharge control unit is used for being connected with the load unit;
The measurement and control unit is used for detecting an electric signal of the electric power storage unit and respectively driving the charging control unit and the discharging control unit according to the electric signal, the charging control unit is used for controlling the charging state of the electric power storage unit by the power generation unit, and the discharging control unit is used for controlling the discharging state of the load unit by the electric power storage unit.
2. The charge and discharge control circuit of claim 1, wherein the electrical signal comprises a voltage;
When the measurement and control unit detects that the voltage of the power storage unit rises to a first set voltage, the measurement and control unit drives the charging control unit to control the power generation unit to stop charging the power storage unit;
When the measurement and control unit detects that the voltage of the electric power storage unit is reduced to a second set voltage, the charging control unit is driven to control the power generation unit to start charging the electric power storage unit; the first set voltage is higher than the second set voltage.
3. The charge and discharge control circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrical signal comprises a voltage:
when the measurement and control unit detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit is reduced to a third set voltage, the discharge control unit is driven to control the electric storage unit to stop discharging;
when the measurement and control unit detects that the voltage of the electric storage unit rises to a second set voltage, the discharge control unit is driven to control the electric storage unit to start discharging; the second set voltage is higher than the third set voltage.
4. The charge and discharge control circuit according to claim 3, wherein the charge control unit includes a first solid-state relay;
The power generation unit is connected with the anode of the power storage unit through the output control end of the first solid-state relay, the first input control end of the first solid-state relay is connected with the first driving end of the measurement and control unit, and the second input control end of the first solid-state relay is connected with the cathode of the power storage unit.
5. The charge and discharge control circuit according to claim 4, wherein the charge control unit further includes a time relay;
A first input control end of the time relay is connected with a first driving end of the measurement and control unit, and a second input control end of the time relay is connected with a negative electrode of the electric power storage unit;
And a first output control end of the time relay is connected with the anode of the electric storage unit, and a second output control end of the time relay is connected with a first input control end of the first solid-state relay.
6. the charge and discharge control circuit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the discharge control unit includes a second solid-state relay;
A first input control end of the second solid-state relay is connected with a second driving end of the measurement and control unit, and a second input control end of the second solid-state relay is connected with a negative electrode of the electric storage unit; and the positive electrode of the electric storage unit is connected with the load unit through the output control end of the second solid-state relay.
7. The charge and discharge control circuit according to claim 6, wherein the measurement and control unit is an intelligent voltmeter;
The first driving end of the intelligent voltmeter comprises a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal is used for being connected with the anode of the electric storage unit, and the second terminal is connected with the first input control end of the time relay;
the second driving end of the intelligent voltmeter comprises a third terminal and a fourth terminal, the third terminal is used for being connected with the anode of the electric storage unit, and the fourth terminal is connected with the first input control end of the second solid-state relay;
The detection end of the intelligent voltmeter comprises a detection input end and a detection output end, the detection input end is used for being connected with the anode of the electric power storage unit, and the detection output end is used for being connected with the cathode of the electric power storage unit.
8. A power generation and supply control system comprising a power generation unit, a power storage unit, a load unit, and the charge and discharge control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A power generation and supply control system according to claim 8, wherein the power storage unit includes N storage batteries, and N is a positive integer.
10. A power generation and supply control system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the power generation unit includes a generator and a rectifier;
The output end of the generator is connected with the input end of the rectifier; the first output end of the rectifier is connected to the positive electrode of the electric storage unit through the output control end of a first solid-state relay of the charging control unit, and the second output end of the rectifier is connected to the negative electrode of the electric storage unit.
11. A power generation and supply control system according to claim 8, wherein the load unit includes an inverter and a load, an output terminal of the inverter being connected to an input terminal of the load; the first input end of the inverter is connected to the positive pole of the electric storage unit through the output control end of the second solid-state relay of the discharge control unit, and the second input end of the inverter is connected to the negative pole of the electric storage unit.
12. an electric locomotive characterized by comprising the power generation and supply control system according to any one of claims 8 to 11.
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| CN201910768855.1A CN110556970A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | charging and discharging control circuit, power generation and supply control system and electric locomotive |
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Application publication date: 20191210 |