CN110528032A - A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low - Google Patents
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low Download PDFInfo
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquids that plating layer porosity is low, it takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component: copper sulphate 30-45g/L, stannous sulfate 3-5g/L, sodium thiosulfate 40-80g/L, R- dinaphthol 5-8g/L, triethanolamine 5-8g/L, succinimide 2-5g/L, disodium hydrogen phosphate 30-50g/L, ascorbic acid 10-15g/L.The invention has the advantages that greatly reducing the porosity of coating compared with the prior art, it is very suitable for the plating of the demanding steel and iron parts of corrosion resistance, solves the technical problems existing in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electroplating technology more particularly to a kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronzes that plating layer porosity is low
Electroplate liquid.
Background technique
Cyanide electroplating has applied century more than one so far, and cyanide is an ideal complexant, while being one again
A good activator, therefore cyanide electroplating has the advantages that be well combined with steel substrate, it can be on steel substrate directly
Plating.But contain cyanide ion in cyanide electroplating copper liquid, toxicity is big, and waste water and waste liquid are difficult, and pollution environment is serious, and endangers
Evil human health.In recent years, with the continuous promotion of people's environmental consciousness being increasingly enhanced with clean manufacturing, country is to cyaniding electricity
Depositing process eliminates continuing to increase for dynamics, and therefore, people always search for can be with the non-cyanide plating coppersmith of substitute electro-coppering
Skill.Coating and basal body binding force be good and current density range it is wider be that the key technology that can cyanide-free copper electroplating technique be applied refers to
Mark, existing non-cyanide plating solution for copper-plating used mainly have pyrophosphate electroplating copper, sulfate electro-coppering, ethylenediamine electro-coppering, fluoboric acid
Salt electro-coppering, citric acid-tartaric acid electro-coppering and sulfamic acid electro-coppering system, these cyanide-free copper electroplating techniques are greatly
The defects of that there are the binding forces between coating and matrix is poor, plating layer porosity is high and current density range is narrow, can not show a candle to cyaniding plating
Copper.
Currently, the technical solution of some steel and iron parts cyanide-free copper electroplatings has been disclosed in the prior art, such as publication No. is CN
The Chinese patent application of 107630240 A discloses a kind of electroplate liquid and preparation method thereof of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze
With electro-plating method, the electroplate liquid of the tin bronze includes following component: 30-45 parts of copper sulphate；3-5 parts of STANNOUS SULPHATE CRYSTALLINE；Thiosulfuric acid
120-150 parts of sodium；10-20 parts of R- dinaphthol；10-20 parts of sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate, buffer 30-50 g/L；Antioxidant 10-15g/
L；Being evenly distributed for the coating that the invention obtains is smooth, thickness is thicker, glossiness is good, and the adhesive force of coating and steel and iron parts matrix
Apparent improvement is obtained.Although the electroplate liquid has the above advantages, its plating layer porosity is higher, to influence coating
Corrosion resisting property.Therefore, a kind of low steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid of plating layer porosity is developed to be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of steel and iron parts that plating layer porosity is low without cyanogen
Tin bronze electroplate liquid and its electro-plating method is electroplated.
To achieve the goals above the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including
Following component:
Copper sulphate 30-45g/L
Stannous sulfate 3-5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 40-80g/L
R- dinaphthol 5-8g/L
Triethanolamine 5-8g/L
Succinimide 2-5g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 30-50g/L
Ascorbic acid 10-15g/L.
Preferably, a kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low, takes water as a solvent, by quality
Densimeter, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Triethanolamine 7g/L
Succinimide 3g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The present invention plates the preparation method of the low steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid of layer porosity, including following step
It is rapid:
(1) dosage of each raw material needed for being calculated according to electroplate liquid volume；
(2) sodium thiosulfate, triethanolamine, succinimide and disodium hydrogen phosphate are dissolved in deionized water, are then being stirred
Lower copper sulphate is added is dissolved, as A liquid；
(3) R- dinaphthol is sufficiently dissolved with 2 times of quality alcohol it is spare, as B liquid；
(4) stannous sulfate and ascorbic acid are dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, as C liquid；
(5) electrolytic cell is added in A liquid, B liquid and C liquid is added, supplement deionized water to prescribed volume, stirring evenly can start to apply
Plating.
The electro-plating method of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid of the invention, includes the following steps:
Will surface cleaning steel and iron parts insertion steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid in be used as cathode, using fine copper plate as
Cathode is electroplated in anode, and electroplating temperature is 20-40 DEG C, current density 3-7A/dm2。
The invention has the advantages that greatly reducing the porosity of coating compared with the prior art, it is very suitable for resistance to
The plating of the demanding steel and iron parts of corrosive nature, solves the technical problems existing in the prior art.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including
Following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Triethanolamine 7g/L
Succinimide 3g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method of the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, comprising the following steps:
(1) dosage of each raw material needed for being calculated according to electroplate liquid volume；
(2) sodium thiosulfate, triethanolamine, succinimide and disodium hydrogen phosphate are dissolved in deionized water, are then being stirred
Lower copper sulphate is added is dissolved, as A liquid；
(3) R- dinaphthol is sufficiently dissolved with 2 times of quality alcohol it is spare, as B liquid；
(4) stannous sulfate and ascorbic acid are dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, as C liquid；
(5) electrolytic cell is added in A liquid, B liquid and C liquid is added, supplement deionized water to prescribed volume, stirring evenly can start to apply
Plating.
Comparative example 1
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 10g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that using tartaric acid
Potassium sodium 10g/L substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L.
Comparative example 2:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 130g/L
R- dinaphthol 10g/L
Sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 10g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that thiosulfuric acid
The concentration of sodium is 130g/L, and the concentration of R- dinaphthol is 10g/L, substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, amber with sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 10g/L
Acid imide 3g/L.
Comparative example 3:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Triethanolamine 10g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that with three ethyl alcohol
Amine 10g/L substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L.
Comparative example 4:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Succinimide 10g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that using succinyl
Imines 10g/L substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L.
Comparative example 5:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
EDTA 10g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that using EDTA
10g/L substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L.
Comparative example 6:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Sodium citrate 10g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that using citric acid
Sodium 10g/L substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L.
Comparative example 7:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Potassium pyrophosphate 10g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that using pyrophosphoric acid
Potassium 10g/L substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L.
Comparative example 8:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Biuret 10g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that using biuret
10g/L substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L.
Comparative example 9:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Sodium citrate 7g/L
Succinimide 3g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that using citric acid
Sodium substitutes triethanolamine.
Comparative example 10:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Ethylenediamine 7g/L
Succinimide 3g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that using ethylenediamine
Substitute triethanolamine.
Comparative example 11:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Triethanolamine 2g/L
Succinimide 8g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that triethanolamine
Concentration be 2g/L, the concentration of succinimide is 8g/L.
Comparative example 12:
A kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Triethanolamine 9g/L
Succinimide 1g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid, the difference lies in that triethanolamine
Concentration be 9g/L, the concentration of succinimide is 1g/L.
Test the plating layer porosity of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and comparative example 1-12 electroplate liquid.Measuring method is using patch filter paper method.
At room temperature on inspected parts surface, posts and be soaked with certain filter paper for examining test solution, if coating is examined there are gap or crack
Test solution generates chemical reaction by hole or crack and parent metal or the bottom coat of metal, generates the change for having obvious color difference with coating
Object is closed, and is seeped on filter paper, is allowed to show coloured speckle, its porosity is determined according to coloured speckle number.Specific test method
It is as follows:
One, the testpieces used is washed completely after conventional oil removing, is inserted respectively for specification 100mm × 100mm × 5mm steel piece
Enter in the electroplate liquid of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1-12 and cathode is electroplated using fine copper plate as anode as cathode, is electroplated
Liquid temperature is 30 DEG C, and current density is 5A/dm2, plating time is 20min.Every group 3, plating 1 every time, every time
Plating finishes, and washes clean rear drying, spare.
Two, the method for inspection: 1) test solution 100mL is prepared, is made of potassium ferricyanide 10g/L and sodium chloride 20g/L.2) will
The filter paper for infiltrating corresponding test solution is tightly attached to the surface of tested sample, and gas bubbles left is not allow between filter paper and sample.3) it is labelled to
It after 30min, takes filter paper off and is rinsed with water completely, be placed on glass plate and dry, write down the spot number on filter paper.
The calculating of porosity: the coloured speckle number in corresponding coating gap is directly observed under natural light or fluorescent lamp.According to
The area of filter paper and sample contacts calculates the porosity of coating.Calculation formula is porosity=n/S(/cm2).In formula: n is sky
Gap dropout count, it is a；S is institute's test specimens area, cm2.Using the average value tested three times as last inspection result.
Test result is as follows table 1.
Table 1
| Test group | Porosity (a/cm2) |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.03 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.25 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.36 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.17 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.13 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.42 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.39 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.41 |
| Comparative example 8 | 0.58 |
| Comparative example 9 | 0.19 |
| Comparative example 10 | 0.21 |
| Comparative example 11 | 0.11 |
| Comparative example 12 | 0.13 |
It can be seen that by above-mentioned test result and plating carried out to steel and iron parts using the electroplate liquid of the embodiment of the present invention 1, it is acquired
The porosity of coating is down to 0.03/cm2, it is equivalent to 100 cm2Area coating only has 3 holes；And in 1 electroplate liquid of comparative example
Triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L, 100 cm are substituted with sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 10g/L2The number of pores of area coating increases to
25；The concentration of sodium thiosulfate in 2 electroplate liquid of comparative example is 130g/L, and the concentration of R- dinaphthol is 10g/L, uses tartaric acid
Potassium sodium 10g/L substitutes triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L, 100 cm2The number of pores of area coating increases to 36；Comparison
Triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L, 100 cm are substituted with triethanolamine 10g/L in 3 electroplate liquid of example2The hole of area coating
Gap number increases to 17；Triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L are substituted with succinimide 10g/L in 4 electroplate liquid of comparative example,
100 cm2The number of pores of area coating increases to 13；In 5 electroplate liquid of comparative example with EDTA 10g/L substitution triethanolamine 7g/L,
Succinimide 3g/L, 100 cm2The number of pores of area coating increases to 42；Sodium citrate 10g/L is used in 6 electroplate liquid of comparative example
Substitute triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L, 100 cm2The number of pores of area coating increases to 39；7 electroplate liquid of comparative example
It is middle to substitute triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L, 100 cm with potassium pyrophosphate 10g/L2The number of pores of area coating increases to
41；Triethanolamine 7g/L, succinimide 3g/L, 100 cm are substituted with biuret 10g/L in 8 electroplate liquid of comparative example2Area
The number of pores of coating increases to 58；Triethanolamine, 100 cm are substituted with sodium citrate in 9 electroplate liquid of comparative example2Area coating
Number of pores increases to 19；Triethanolamine, 100 cm are substituted with ethylenediamine in 10 electroplate liquid of comparative example2The number of pores of area coating increases
To 21；The concentration of triethanolamine is 2g/L in 11 electroplate liquid of comparative example, the concentration of succinimide is 8g/L, not in the present invention
In the concentration range of technical solution, 100 cm2The number of pores of area coating increases to 11；Triethanolamine in 12 electroplate liquid of comparative example
Concentration be 9g/L, the concentration of succinimide is 1g/L, not in the concentration range of technical solution of the present invention, 100 cm2Face
The number of pores of product coating increases to 13.As it can be seen that steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid of the invention, by triethanolamine and
Succinimide substitutes sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate in the prior art as specific complexing agent, compares in terms of reducing plating layer porosity
Complexing agent or combinations thereof, which is commonly used, in other achieves unexpected technical effect.
The above embodiments are merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be limited the scope of protection of the present invention with this, because
This still belongs to the range that the present invention covers according to equivalent variations made by the present patent application scope of patent protection.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low, which is characterized in that take water as a solvent, by matter
Measure densimeter, including following component:
Copper sulphate 30-45g/L
Stannous sulfate 3-5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 40-80g/L
R- dinaphthol 5-8g/L
Triethanolamine 5-8g/L
Succinimide 2-5g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 30-50g/L
Ascorbic acid 10-15g/L.
2. a kind of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low according to claim 1, feature
It is, takes water as a solvent, based on mass concentration, including following component:
Copper sulphate 40g/L
Stannous sulfate 5g/L
Sodium thiosulfate 60g/L
R- dinaphthol 5g/L
Triethanolamine 7g/L
Succinimide 3g/L
Disodium hydrogen phosphate 40g/L
Ascorbic acid 12g/L.
3. a kind of system of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low according to claim 1 or 2
Preparation Method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dosage of each raw material needed for being calculated according to electroplate liquid volume；
(2) sodium thiosulfate, triethanolamine, succinimide and disodium hydrogen phosphate are dissolved in deionized water, are then being stirred
Lower copper sulphate is added is dissolved, as A liquid；
(3) R- dinaphthol is sufficiently dissolved with 2 times of quality alcohol it is spare, as B liquid；
(4) stannous sulfate and ascorbic acid are dissolved with appropriate amount of deionized water, as C liquid；
(5) electrolytic cell is added in A liquid, B liquid and C liquid is added, supplement deionized water to prescribed volume, stirring evenly can start to apply
Plating.
4. a kind of electricity of steel and iron parts cyanideless electro-plating tin bronze electroplate liquid that plating layer porosity is low according to claim 1 or 2
Electroplating method includes the following steps:
Cathode will be electroplated using fine copper plate as anode as cathode in the steel and iron parts insertion electroplate liquid of surface cleaning, electricity
Plating temperature is 20-40 DEG C, current density 3-7A/dm2。
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