CN110513095A - Oil and gas well fracturing transformation process adopting controllable delay opening toe end sliding sleeve - Google Patents
Oil and gas well fracturing transformation process adopting controllable delay opening toe end sliding sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN110513095A CN110513095A CN201910898733.4A CN201910898733A CN110513095A CN 110513095 A CN110513095 A CN 110513095A CN 201910898733 A CN201910898733 A CN 201910898733A CN 110513095 A CN110513095 A CN 110513095A
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- end sliding
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 89
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an oil and gas well fracturing modification process adopting a controllable delay opening toe end sliding sleeve, which comprises the following steps: arranging the delay opening toe sliding sleeve at a preset position in the shaft; starting the whole well casing pressure test with an initial pressure value, gradually pressurizing to a peak pressure test pressure value, starting and delaying the toe end sliding sleeve when the sum of the pressure test pressure and the pressure of the drilling fluid column reaches a first preset pressure value, wherein the first preset pressure value is smaller than the sum of the peak pressure test pressure value and the pressure of the drilling fluid column and is larger than the initial pressure value, if the pressure test is abnormal, the pressure test pressure is discharged to suspend delay, after the abnormality is solved, the pressure test pressure is recovered to continue to delay, and after the whole well casing pressure test is finished, the toe end sliding sleeve finishes delaying and realizes fracturing. The invention can be used for the first-stage fracturing transformation of an oil-gas well (such as a shale gas well), has simple structure and convenient operation, and can effectively solve the technical problems of harsh error range of the opening pressure of the existing toe end sliding sleeve, uncontrollable opening time, low opening success rate, abnormal pressure test and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial gas oil underground work technical fields, it relates in particular to which a kind of opened using delay
Toe-end sliding sleeve is opened to realize oil/gas well (for example, shale gas well) first section fracturing reform and effectively overcome the side of pressure testing unusual condition
Method.
Background technique
Currently, there are two types of shale gas well first section fracturing reform modes: one is coiled tubing transmission perforations；Another kind is toe
Hold sliding sleeve.Coiled tubing transmission perforation mode technology maturation is reliable, but timeliness of constructing is low, and tripping in is limited in ultra-long horizontal well；
Toe-end sliding sleeve mode directly builds the pressure unlatching, and construction timeliness is high, is not limited by horizontal section length.Toe-end sliding sleeve is relative to continuous oil
Pipe transmission perforation mode has the advantages such as operation timeliness is high, at low cost, risk is small, depth of implements is unrestricted, but since toe-end is sliding
Set technology is immature, and unlatching success rate is low, and shale gas first section pressure break channel is still based on coiled tubing transmission perforation at present.
Since shale gas reservoir permeability is extremely low, shale gas yield and drilling hole number and pressure break scale are closely related, with brill
Well technology is constantly progressive, ultra-long horizontal section (2500 meters or more) horizontal well by be Efficient Development shale gas development trend, even
Continuous oil tube transmission perforation mode has been unable to meet deep layer, ultra-long horizontal well first section pressure break perforation demand.Inventor is through researching and analysing
Think, existing toe-end sliding sleeve technology unlatching success rate is low, the main reason is that there are following technological deficiencies:
1, need full well pressure testing to examine pit shaft leakproofness before domestic shale gas well pressing crack construction, for example, pressure test pressure (phase
When in pump pressure) it is sometime up to 90MPa；However, for usually used ground high pressure pipe joint, pressure-bearing grade is
15000psi, highest pressure limiting does not allow more than 100MPa when construction；Therefore, for such situation, existing toe-end sliding sleeve opens pump
Pressure can only be within the scope of 90~100MPa, and the cracking pressure of corresponding toe-end sliding sleeve need to be in (90+P)~(100+P) MPa range
It is interior, allow cracking pressure error range harsh, wherein P is the pressure of the generation of drilling fluid column；
2, during full wellbore pressure test, pressure test pressure can be gradually increased to pressure testing pressure from pressure value for the case where 60MPa
Power hump (for example, 90MPa), existing toe-end sliding sleeve cracking pressure usually require to be higher than pressure test pressure hump and drilling fluid
The sum of head of liquid (for example, 120MPa), this causes the requirement to toe-end sliding sleeve excessively high；
3, existing toe-end sliding sleeve is largely opened by the way of rupture, this mode is instantaneous unlatching, due to water
There is larger impact to its cracking pressure after mud solidification, causing toe-end sliding sleeve to open, success rate is lower and the opening time is uncontrollable.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least one in deficiencies of the prior art.For example, of the invention
It is designed to provide a kind of using delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve realization oil/gas well (for example, shale gas well) fracturing reform and effective gram
The method for taking at least one pressure testing unusual condition.Here, the pressure testing unusual condition include equipment fault, high pressure line leakage,
Uphole equipment leakage and other the case where needing termination of pumping to rectify and improve.
For another example, another object of the present invention is to effectively solve the toe-end sliding sleeve cracking pressure mistake in the presence of the prior art
One or more of technical problems such as poor range is harsh, the opening time is uncontrollable or unlatching success rate is low simultaneously overcome simultaneously
Pressure testing unusual condition.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of well fracturings that toe-end sliding sleeve is opened using controllable time delay
Reforming technology, the well fracturing reforming technology is the following steps are included: delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve is arranged in the wellbore
Predetermined position；Start full wellbore pressure test with initial pressure value, gradually increases pressure test pressure until the pressure test pressure value that peaks, In
When the sum of pressure test pressure and drilling well liquid columnpressure reach the first scheduled pressure value, delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve starts and is prolonged
When, wherein first scheduled pressure value is less than the sum of summit pressure test pressure value and drilling well liquid columnpressure, and is greater than starting pressure
Force value finds pressure testing unusual condition, releases pressure test pressure to suspend the delay process of the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve, to be solved
After the pressure testing unusual condition, restore pressure test pressure to continue the delay process of the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve, in full pit shaft
Delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve is completed to be delayed and realizes pressure break after pressure testing.Wherein, the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve includes opening
Open shell, movable piston and the inner sleeve of mechanism, time-delay mechanism, regulating mechanism, pressure break mouth and coaxial arrangement, wherein in described
Covering has the upper end being fixedly connected with the lower end of movable piston；The shell is sleeved on except movable piston and inner sleeve,
And the first cavity and the second cavity being connected to along the direction parallel with the axis are formed between movable piston and/or inner sleeve；Institute
Stating regulating mechanism includes overflow valve body, overflow spool, spring and the first regulating part, wherein is provided in overflow valve body and connects each other
Logical first through hole and diameter is greater than the second through-hole of first through hole diameter, and overflow spool is arranged in the second through-hole and has envelope
The other end for blocking up one end of the first through hole and connecting with spring, the spring compressible, first regulating part is by spring
It is connect with overflow valve body；The time-delay mechanism includes current limliting valve body, current-limiting valve core, damper bar and the second regulating part, wherein current limliting
It is provided with the first through hole to communicate with each other in valve body and diameter is greater than the first the second through hole for running through bore dia, current-limiting valve core
It is arranged in the second through hole and has the one end for blocking first through hole and by the second regulating part and current limliting valve body
The other end of connection, damper bar are arranged in first through hole；The time-delay mechanism and regulating mechanism setting are described the
It is in one cavity and relatively fixed with movable piston and/or inner sleeve, and first through hole is connected to second through-hole, delay
The delay that first cavity is divided into the working chamber being connected to first through hole and be connected to the second through hole by mechanism and regulating mechanism
The overflow valve seal of chamber, the working chamber and the regulating mechanism cooperates, the working chamber be connected to second cavity and
It is loaded with hydraulic oil, the delay chamber is cavity, the overflow valve body of second cavity and the regulating mechanism and described is prolonged
When mechanism current limliting valve body be capable of forming the gap flowed through for hydraulic oil；The opener is arranged on movable piston and energy
Enough unlatchings when wellbore fluid reaches first scheduled pressure value, so that wellbore fluid applies to movable piston towards the second chamber
The power of body；The pressure break mouth be arranged in shell and movable piston cooperation position, and the upper surface of pressure break mouth and movable piston it
Between distance be equal or slightly larger than current limliting valve body close to delay chamber end face and the second cavity between the end face of working chamber
Distance.For example, first scheduled pressure value can select in the range of 60~120MPa.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, toe-end sliding sleeve used in the well fracturing reforming technology is also
It may include the lower contact being connect with the lower end of shell.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, toe-end sliding sleeve used in the well fracturing reforming technology is also
It may include the first shearing connecting piece, wherein movable piston or inner sleeve are fixedly connected with the casing by first shearing connecting piece, and
Fracture and releasing activity piston when the pressure that can be born in movable piston reaches the second scheduled pressure value, so that movable piston
Regulating mechanism is directly or indirectly driven to move along the axis towards the second cavity.The quantity of first shearing connecting piece can be one
Or it is multiple.In addition, the toe-end sliding sleeve may also include the second shearing connecting piece, second shearing connecting piece by movable piston or
Inner sleeve is fixedly connected with the casing, and fracture when the pressure that can be born in piston reaches third scheduled pressure value, the third
Scheduled pressure value is less than second scheduled pressure value.For example, the toe-end sliding sleeve may include multiple second shearing connecting pieces.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in toe-end sliding sleeve used in the well fracturing reforming technology
Time-delay mechanism can have more than two damper bars, described two above damper bars, which can be arranged in series in described first, to be run through
In hole.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in toe-end sliding sleeve used in the well fracturing reforming technology
The opener may include fluid cylinder, control cut off, control piston and sealing-plug, wherein the sealing-plug with and control
The plunger shaft of piston cooperation and the outer wall being tightly connected with movable piston, the fluid cylinder be formed in movable piston and shell it
Between and can be connected to by plunger shaft with wellbore fluid, it is described control cut off will control piston is fixed in plunger shaft with block
The connection of fluid cylinder and wellbore fluid, it is described control cut off can the fracture when wellbore fluid reaches first scheduled pressure value,
And piston is released the control so that wellbore fluid enters the fluid cylinder.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of well fracturing reforming technology of the invention；
Delayed start-up used in an exemplary embodiment Fig. 2 shows well fracturing reforming technology of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of toe-end sliding sleeve；
Fig. 3 shows the regulating mechanism in Fig. 2 and the partial enlargement diagram of time-delay mechanism；
Fig. 4 shows the partial enlargement diagram of the opener in Fig. 2.
The reference numerals are as follows:
1, shell, 2, movable piston, 3, piston shear pin, 4, limit shear pin, 5, opener, 6, time-delay mechanism, 7, adjusting
Mechanism, 8, inner sleeve, 9, hydraulic oil ring, 10, lower contact, 11, pressure break mouth, 12, control cut off, 13, control piston, 14, sealing-plug,
15, be delayed chamber, 16, current limliting adjusting screw, 17, current-limiting valve core, 18, current limliting valve body, 19, damper bar, 20, Spring set screws,
21, spring, 22, overflow spool, 23, overflow valve body, 24, hydraulic fluid chamber, 25, failure step surface.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, toe-end sliding sleeve will be opened in conjunction with the exemplary embodiment use controllable time delay that the present invention will be described in detail
Well fracturing reforming technology.It should be noted that " first ", " second ", " third ", " the 4th " etc. are just for the sake of convenient
It describes and convenient for distinguishing, is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance."upper", "lower", "inner", "outside" be only in order to
Convenient for describing and constituting opposite orientation or positional relationship, and the certain party must be had by not indicating that or imply signified component
Position or position.
Fig. 1 shows the flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of well fracturing reforming technology of the invention.Such as
Shown in Fig. 1, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the well fracturing that toe-end sliding sleeve is opened using controllable time delay
Reforming technology can be realized by following procedure:
By the predetermined position of delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve setting in the wellbore.
Initial value using initial pressure value as pressure test pressure starts full wellbore pressure test, gradually increases pressure test pressure until reaching
To summit pressure test pressure value, when the sum of pressure test pressure and drilling well liquid columnpressure reach the first scheduled pressure value, delayed start-up
Toe-end sliding sleeve starts line delay of going forward side by side, wherein first scheduled pressure value is less than summit pressure test pressure value and drilling fluid column
The sum of pressure is simultaneously greater than initial pressure value.Here, the drilling well liquid columnpressure is related to the predetermined position.For example, first
Scheduled pressure value can be selected in the range of 60~120MPa.For another example, the first scheduled pressure value can be 65~80MPa.For
For those of ordinary skill in the art, part term " pressure " herein is equivalent to pressure.
It was found that pressure testing unusual condition, pressure test pressure is released to suspend the delay process of the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve, to
After solving the pressure testing unusual condition, restore pressure test pressure to continue the delay process of the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve, complete
Delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve is completed to be delayed and realizes pressure break after wellbore pressure test.Here, pressure testing unusual condition may include equipment
Failure, the other situations for high pressure line leakage, uphole equipment leakage or termination of pumping being needed to rectify and improve.It should be noted that pressure testing exception shape
Condition can occur repeatedly, and correspondingly, the step of releasing pressure test pressure and the step of restoring pressure test pressure also carry out multiple.In addition, examination
Pressure unusual condition may also occur at before or after the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve is turned on, and the present invention can be coped with and be solved
Certainly.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, delayed start-up toe used by the well fracturing reforming technology
End sliding sleeve may include shell, movable piston and inner sleeve and opener, time-delay mechanism, regulating mechanism, first of coaxial arrangement
Shearing connecting piece and pressure break mouth.
Specifically, the upper end of inner sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of movable piston.Shell be sleeved on movable piston and
Except inner sleeve, the first cavity and second being connected to along the direction parallel with the axis is formed between movable piston and/or inner sleeve
Cavity.Also it will say, shell can form first be connected to along the direction parallel with the axis between movable piston and inner sleeve
Cavity and the second cavity, for example, the first cavity is formed between shell and the lower part of movable piston, the second cavity is formed in shell
Between the upper of inner sleeve, middle part.However, the invention is not limited thereto, for example, the first cavity and the second cavity also may be formed at shell
Between inner sleeve or it is formed between shell and movable piston.
Regulating mechanism may include overflow valve body, overflow spool, spring and the first regulating part.Wherein, setting in overflow valve body
There are the first through hole to communicate with each other and diameter to be greater than the second through-hole of first through hole diameter, overflow spool is arranged in the second through-hole
And there is the one end for blocking the first through hole and the other end connecting with spring, the first regulating part connects spring and overflow valve body
It connects.First regulating part can be to adjust screw, however the invention is not limited thereto, it is other can be by the other end of overflow spool
The component for being connected to overflow valve body also may be used.It is under pressure in overflow spool for blocking one end of first through hole and is gradually increased
When hydraulic oil pushes, spring contraction, described one end of overflow spool releases the closure to first through hole, and hydraulic oil can flow through overflow
The first through hole of valve body and the second through-hole.
Time-delay mechanism may include current limliting valve body, current-limiting valve core, damper bar and the second regulating part.Wherein, it is set in flow-limiting valve body
It is equipped with the first through hole and the second through hole to communicate with each other, and the diameter of the second through hole is greater than first and runs through bore dia.Limit
Flow valve core is arranged in the second through hole and has the one end for blocking first through hole and by the second regulating part and limit
Flow the other end of valve body connection.Second regulating part can in the case where described one end of current-limiting valve core is by hydraulic fluid pressure band
Dynamic current-limiting valve core releases the closure to first through hole, thus make hydraulic oil flow through the first through hole equipped with damper bar,
And second through hole.Second regulating part can be to adjust screw, however the invention is not limited thereto, it is other can be by current-limiting valve core
The other end be connected to current limliting valve body and can because current-limiting valve core be pressurized due to drive the component of current-limiting valve core also may be used.Damper bar
It is arranged in the first through hole, and a degree of inhibition can be played to the hydraulic oil for entering the first through hole.Specifically
For, damper bar can form clearance fit with the first through hole, for example, gap between the two can be 1~10 μm, thus liquid
Pass through the annular gap that damper bar is formed with the first through hole when pressure oil enters time-delay mechanism first to throttle.For example, damping
Stick can be metal or the barred body of ceramic material.In addition, time-delay mechanism can also have multiple damper bars, and multiple damper bars can
It is arranged in series in the first through hole.
Time-delay mechanism and regulating mechanism setting are in first cavity and relatively fixed with movable piston and/or inner sleeve,
And the delay chamber that the first cavity is divided into the working chamber being connected to first through hole and is connected to the second through hole.Time-delay mechanism with
Regulating mechanism, which can form end face and be engaged, also can have certain intervals, as long as first through hole is logical with described second
Hole connection.The cooperation of the overflow valve seal of working chamber and regulating mechanism, the working chamber are connected to and work with the second cavity
Chamber and the second cavity are loaded with hydraulic oil.Delay chamber is cavity, does not contain hydraulic oil inside.Second cavity and regulating mechanism
Overflow valve body and the current limliting valve body of time-delay mechanism are capable of forming the gap flowed through for hydraulic oil.For example, the aperture of the second cavity
The aperture of working chamber can be greater than.When regulating mechanism and time-delay mechanism are driven by shell connected to it and/or inner sleeve towards the
When two cavitys are mobile, working chamber and the intracorporal hydraulic oil of the second chamber can only sequentially lead to by compression and by the first of regulating mechanism
After hole, the first through hole of the second through-hole and time-delay mechanism, the second through hole, it can just enter delay chamber；And work as regulating mechanism
When bringing the second cavity by shell connected to it and/or inner sleeve with time-delay mechanism, the intracorporal hydraulic oil of the second chamber is then directly logical
It crosses the gap and enters working chamber and delay chamber, that is to say, that regulating mechanism and time-delay mechanism's failure at this time.For example, delay machine
Structure can be fixed at the lower part of movable piston, and regulating mechanism can be fixed at the top of inner sleeve, and the first of time-delay mechanism
Through hole is connected to the second through-hole of regulating mechanism.However, the invention is not limited thereto, for example, time-delay mechanism and regulating mechanism can
It is co-located on inner sleeve or movable piston.
Opener setting on movable piston and can the unlatching when wellbore fluid reaches the first scheduled pressure value so that
Wellbore fluid applies the power towards the second cavity to movable piston.Here, the first scheduled pressure value can be applied according to well depth, well cementation
Work pressure and drilling well liquid medium (mud) etc. determine.For example, the first predetermined pressure can be greater than rising for full wellbore pressure test pressure
Initial value (or minimum value) and the hump for being less than pressure test pressure.For example, the first scheduled pressure value can be 60~120MPa's
Range selection.For example, opener may include fluid cylinder, control cut off, control piston and sealing-plug.Wherein, sealing-plug have with
The outer wall for controlling the plunger shaft of piston cooperation and being tightly connected with movable piston；The fluid cylinder is formed in movable piston and shell
It can be connected between body and by plunger shaft with wellbore fluid；Control, which is cut off, is fixed on control piston in plunger shaft to block
The connection of fluid cylinder and wellbore fluid；Control cut off can the fracture when wellbore fluid reaches first scheduled pressure value, and release
Control piston is put so that wellbore fluid enters the fluid cylinder, so that wellbore fluid applies to movable piston towards the second cavity
Power.However, opener of the invention is not limited to this, it is other to be opened when wellbore fluid reaches the first scheduled pressure value
It opens, also may be used so that wellbore fluid applies to movable piston towards the component of the power of the second cavity.
First shearing connecting piece may be configured as movable piston or inner sleeve being fixedly connected with the casing, and can be in movable piston
Fracture and releasing activity piston when the pressure born reaches the second scheduled pressure value, so that movable piston directly or indirectly drives
Regulating mechanism is moved along the axis towards the second cavity.The pressure that movable piston is born is applied by wellbore fluid.This
In, the second scheduled pressure value can be substantially suitable with the first setup pressure value.The quantity of first shearing connecting piece can be multiple.
For example, the first shearing connecting piece can be piston shear pin.That is, the first shearing connecting piece is for making movable piston and inner sleeve
It is relatively fixed in shell, when wellbore fluid reaches the second scheduled pressure value to the pressure that movable piston applies, first shearing
Connector fracture, so that movable piston can be mobile towards the second cavity.It should be noted that in the present example embodiment,
The first shearing connecting piece is arranged can play certain safety effect to opener.For example, when opener fails, and pit shaft
In the case that liquid can apply the power of the second cavity of direction to movable piston at any time, the first shearing connecting piece can play unlatching
The effect of the toe-end sliding sleeve of the present exemplary embodiment.
When movable piston is mobile, when necessarily driving regulating mechanism and time-delay mechanism mobile towards the second cavity, in turn
So that working chamber and the intracorporal hydraulic oil of the second chamber are compressed, the pressure of working chamber and the intracorporal hydraulic oil of the second chamber will also be held
It is continuous to increase.When the pressure of hydraulic oil in working chamber reaches four scheduled pressure values, the spring contraction of regulating mechanism is simultaneously driven excessive
Flow valve core, releases the closure to first through hole, and hydraulic oil flows through first through hole and the second through-hole, flows subsequently through and be provided with damper bar
The first through hole, then delay chamber is entered by the second through hole, to realize delay effect.When appearance such as equipment fault, height
When the pressure testings unusual conditions such as termination of pumping rectification are revealed or needed in pressure pipeline leakage, uphole equipment, the pressure test pressure of pump is released, then fluid cylinder institute
The pressure of the pressure reduction of receiving, working chamber and the intracorporal hydraulic oil of the second chamber decreases, effect of the regulating mechanism in spring
Lower closing, hydraulic oil not can enter time-delay mechanism, to suspend the delay process of the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve.Institute to be solved
After stating pressure testing unusual condition, restore pressure test pressure to continue the delay process of the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve.Until adjusting machine
When structure and time-delay mechanism enter the second cavity, regulating mechanism and time-delay mechanism's failure, delay are completed.For example, the 4th predetermined pressure
Value can medium (for example, clear water) etc. determines according to well depth and when opening sliding sleeve in well.4th scheduled pressure value can 20~
The range of 45MPa selects.Delay duration, which is able to maintain that full wellbore pressure test process, to be terminated, but the period of pressure testing exception does not calculate
Inside.For example, the time of pressure testing unusual condition can be any required time (for example, a few hours) for solving the exception, remove
The time of the full wellbore pressure test process of pressure testing unusual condition can be 20~70min；The then delay duration of delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve
(not including the blocking period) is equal or longer than the time for removing the full wellbore pressure test process of pressure testing unusual condition, for example, delay duration
It can be 30~90min.However, the invention is not limited thereto.
The position of shell and movable piston cooperation is arranged in pressure break mouth, and between pressure break mouth and the upper surface of movable piston
Distance equal or slightly larger than current limliting valve body is close to the end face of delay chamber and the second cavity close to the distance between the end face of working chamber.
When regulating mechanism and time-delay mechanism fail, pressure break mouth is opened, to open toe-end sliding sleeve.The quantity of pressure break mouth can be more
It is a.
In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, delayed start-up used by the well fracturing reforming technology
Toe-end is slided over on the basis of the toe-end shift sleeve structure in the above exemplary embodiments, can also further comprise and shell
The lower contact of lower end connection.Be conducive to by the way that lower contact is arranged by delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve and other associated components of the invention
Or equipment connection.In addition, lower contact position connected to the housing is also provided with hydraulic oil ring, to form the second cavity more
Good sealing effect.However, the invention is not limited thereto, for example, in the case where not including lower contact, delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve
It can also be by forming baffle and sealing element on inner wall in the lower part of the housing, to make the second cavity that there is better seal effect.
In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, delayed start-up used by the well fracturing reforming technology
Toe-end is slided over on the basis of the toe-end shift sleeve structure in the above exemplary embodiments, can also further comprise the second shearing
Connector.Movable piston or inner sleeve are fixedly connected with the casing by the second shearing connecting piece, and can be in the pressure that piston is born
Fracture when reaching third scheduled pressure value, the third scheduled pressure value are less than second scheduled pressure value.For example, third is pre-
Constant-pressure can scrape wall power slightly larger than movable piston.For example, third predetermined pressure can be selected in the range of 2~10MPa.The
The quantity of two shearing connecting pieces can be multiple.For example, the second shearing connecting piece can be limit shear pin.It is cut by setting second
Cutting connector can be conducive to destroy the cement setting object being likely to form, and can share the first shearing connecting piece to a certain degree
Function.
Delayed start-up used in an exemplary embodiment Fig. 2 shows well fracturing reforming technology of the invention
The structural schematic diagram of toe-end sliding sleeve；Fig. 3 shows the regulating mechanism in Fig. 2 and the partial enlargement diagram of time-delay mechanism；Fig. 4 shows
The partial enlargement diagram of the opener in Fig. 2 is gone out.
As shown in Fig. 2 to 3, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the well fracturing reforming technology is adopted
Delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve can be made of inside and outside double-layer structure, may include shell 1, movable piston 2, piston shear pin 3, limit
Position shear pin 4, opener 5, time-delay mechanism 6, regulating mechanism 7, inner sleeve 8, hydraulic oil ring 9 and lower contact 10, shell in layer structure
Body 1 and lower contact 10 are tightly connected by threaded coaxial, and movable piston 2 and inner sleeve 8 are sealed by threaded coaxial in endothecium structure
Connection, shell 1 and 2 co-axial seal of movable piston cooperate, and fixed by piston shear pin 3 and limit shear pin 4, lower contact 10 with it is interior
Cover the cooperation of 8 co-axial seals.
If shell 1 may be provided with several pressure break mouths 11, stem piston shear pin 3 and several limit shear pins 4.
Opener 5 is set to 2 middle part of movable piston, including control cuts off 12, control piston 13 and sealing-plug 14.Control
Piston 13 and sealing-plug 14 cut off 12 by control and fix, and sealing-plug 14 is connect with movable piston 2 by thread seal.
Time-delay mechanism 6 is set to 2 lower part of movable piston, cooperates with 2 axial seal of movable piston, including current limliting adjusts screw
16, current-limiting valve core 17, current limliting valve body 18 and damper bar 19.Current-limiting valve core 17 and damper bar 19 are placed in inside current limliting valve body 18 and same
Axis cooperation, current limliting adjust screw 16 and current limliting valve body 18 and are cooperated by threaded coaxial.
Regulating mechanism 7 is also disposed on 2 lower part of movable piston, cooperates with 2 axial seal of movable piston, with 6 end of time-delay mechanism
Face contact cooperation, including Spring set screws 20, spring 21, overflow spool 22 and overflow valve body 23.Spring 21 and overflow spool
22 are placed in 23 inside of overflow valve body and coaxial cooperation, and Spring set screws 20 pass through threaded coaxial with overflow valve body 23 and cooperate.
In the present exemplary embodiment, inside and outside double-layer structure forms two cavitys, and closing on opener 5 is delay chamber
15, it is equivalent to the first cavity, closing on lower contact 10 is hydraulic fluid chamber 24, and hydraulic fluid chamber 24 is provided with two-stage step face, wherein
The step surface being relatively large in diameter is the failure step surface 25 of time-delay mechanism 6.By the setting for the step surface that fails, hydraulic fluid chamber can be drawn
It is divided into interconnected working chamber and the second cavity.Hydraulic oil is injected in hydraulic fluid chamber 24, lower end is arranged at lower contact 10
There is hydraulic oil ring 9.
It is specific excessively as follows for the well fracturing reforming technology of the present exemplary embodiment:
Firstly, the predetermined position by the setting of delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve in the wellbore, for example, it is desired to carry out the position of pressure break
It sets.Then, Contraction in Site carries out full wellbore pressure test.Specifically, full well is started with initial pressure value (for example, 60MPa)
Cylinder pressure testing gradually increases pressure test pressure until peaking pressure test pressure value (for example, 120MPa).In the process, work as pit shaft
Liquid reaches the first setup pressure value to the pressure that the opener of delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve applies and (is equivalent to the first pre- level pressure
Force value, for example, 95MPa) when, control cuts off 12 cuttings, and control piston 13 falls into 14 bottom of sealing-plug, i.e. opener 5 starts,
Wellbore fluid flows into the fluid cylinder that movable piston 2 and shell 1 are formed.When the pressure that fluid cylinder is born reaches the second setup pressure value
When (being equivalent to third scheduled pressure value), limit shear pin 4 is cut.When the pressure that fluid cylinder is born reaches third setup pressure value
When (being equivalent to the second scheduled pressure value), piston shear pin 3 is cut, and movable piston 2 starts to move right with inner sleeve 8, is squeezed hydraulic
Hydraulic oil in oil pocket 24, the hydraulic fluid pressure in hydraulic fluid chamber 24 rise, and movable piston 2 is prevented to move right with inner sleeve 8.When
When hydraulic fluid pressure rises to the 4th setup pressure value (being equivalent to the 4th scheduled pressure value), compressed spring 21 pushes overflow spool
22, regulating mechanism 7 is opened, time-delay mechanism 6 starts, and the hydraulic oil in hydraulic fluid chamber 24 is by time-delay mechanism 6 slowly to delay chamber
Flowing in 15.
It the case where equipment fault if it exists, high pressure line, uphole equipment etc. are revealed, when termination of pumping being needed to rectify and improve, is released on ground
Well cylinder pressure, the hydraulic fluid pressure in hydraulic fluid chamber 24 decrease, and act on lower regulating mechanism 7 in spring 21 and close, hydraulic
Oil not can enter time-delay mechanism 6, and delay pause finishes, again turn on pump wait rectify and improve, and when reaching four setup pressure values, adjust
Mechanism 7 is opened, and hydraulic oil reenters time-delay mechanism 6, and delay continues.
In hydraulic fluid chamber 24 hydraulic oil outflow it is a certain amount of after, when time-delay mechanism 6 be moved to failure step surface 25, be delayed machine
Structure 6 fails, the hydraulic fluid pressure release in hydraulic fluid chamber 24, under pressure is used in pit shaft, pushes movable piston 2 and inner sleeve 8
It fast moves to the right, the pressure break mouth 11 on shell 1 exposes, so that open sliding sleeve, realizes pressure break.Hydraulic oil in hydraulic fluid chamber 24
The time required to outflow, open time delay duration essentially of the invention, the delay duration is able to maintain that full wellbore pressure test process knot
Beam.
In conclusion the beneficial effect of the well fracturing reforming technology of the invention for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay
Fruit includes at least one in the following contents:
1, opener replaces rupture disc structures using piston cylinder operator, makes it have isolation cement slurry function, reduces
Cracking pressure error reduces the influence after cement slurry sets to toe-end sliding sleeve cracking pressure；
2, time-delay mechanism can start under the hump lower than pressure test pressure, open sliding sleeve by one section of delay process, expand
Big toe-end sliding sleeve cracking pressure allowable error range, improves unlatching success rate；Time-delay mechanism is throttled using two-stage, when delay
Long adjustable, the flexibility that the tool of increasing uses；
3, the regulating mechanism being arranged can be due to equipment fault, when the leakages such as high pressure line, uphole equipment rectify and improve termination of pumping, temporarily
When stall, it is ensured that the period as defined in sliding over opens；
4, sliding sleeve is opened is cut using classification, is reduced cement slurry sets and is bonded the influence opened to sliding sleeve；
5, the time-delay mechanism's failure step surface being arranged can still be able to continue to open pressure break mouth when regulating mechanism is closed,
Ensure the integrality that entire function course is realized；
6, for the present invention for realizing oil/gas well first section fracturing reform, structure is simple, and it is convenient to operate, and can effectively solve existing skill
Toe-end sliding sleeve cracking pressure error range in the presence of art is harsh, the opening time is uncontrollable and opens the technologies such as success rate is low
Problem can effectively reduce oil gas (for example, shale gas) development cost, have a extensive future.
Although having been combined exemplary embodiment above and attached drawing describing the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
It will be apparent to the skilled artisan that can be carry out various modifications to above-described embodiment in the case where not departing from spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of well fracturing reforming technology for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, which is characterized in that the oil/gas well
Fracturing reform technique the following steps are included:
By the predetermined position of delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve setting in the wellbore；
Start full wellbore pressure test with initial pressure value, gradually increases pressure test pressure up to the pressure test pressure value that peaks, in pressure testing
When the sum of pressure and drilling well liquid columnpressure reach the first scheduled pressure value, delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve starts line delay of going forward side by side,
Wherein, first scheduled pressure value is less than the sum of summit pressure test pressure value and drilling well liquid columnpressure, and is greater than initial pressure
Value,
It was found that pressure testing unusual condition, pressure test pressure is released to suspend the delay process of the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve, it is to be solved
After the pressure testing unusual condition, restore pressure test pressure to continue the delay process of the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve, in full pit shaft
Delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve is completed to be delayed and realizes pressure break after pressure testing.
2. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 1 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
It is, the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve includes opener, time-delay mechanism, regulating mechanism, pressure break mouth and coaxial arrangement
Shell, movable piston and inner sleeve, wherein
The inner sleeve has the upper end being fixedly connected with the lower end of movable piston；
The shell is sleeved on except movable piston and inner sleeve, and between movable piston and/or inner sleeve formed along with it is described
The first cavity and the second cavity of the parallel direction connection of axis；
The regulating mechanism includes overflow valve body, overflow spool, spring and the first regulating part, wherein is provided in overflow valve body
The first through hole and diameter to communicate with each other be greater than first through hole diameter the second through-hole, overflow spool be arranged in the second through-hole and
With the other end for blocking one end of the first through hole and being connect with spring, the spring compressible, first regulating part
Spring is connect with overflow valve body；
The time-delay mechanism includes current limliting valve body, current-limiting valve core, damper bar and the second regulating part, wherein setting in flow-limiting valve body
There are the first through hole to communicate with each other and diameter to be greater than the first the second through hole for running through bore dia, current-limiting valve core is arranged second
It is connect in through hole and with the one end for blocking first through hole and by the second regulating part with current limliting valve body another
End, damper bar are arranged in first through hole；
The time-delay mechanism and regulating mechanism setting are in first cavity and relatively fixed with movable piston and/or inner sleeve,
And first through hole is connected to second through-hole, the first cavity is divided by time-delay mechanism and regulating mechanism to be led to first
The working chamber of hole connection and the delay chamber being connected to the second through hole, the overflow valve body of the working chamber and the regulating mechanism are close
Envelope cooperation, the working chamber are connected to second cavity and are loaded with hydraulic oil, and the delay chamber is cavity, and described second
The overflow valve body of cavity and the regulating mechanism and the current limliting valve body of the time-delay mechanism are capable of forming to be flowed through for hydraulic oil
Gap；
Opener setting on movable piston and can the unlatching when wellbore fluid reaches first scheduled pressure value,
So that wellbore fluid applies the power towards the second cavity to movable piston；
The position of shell and movable piston cooperation is arranged in the pressure break mouth, and between pressure break mouth and the upper surface of movable piston
Distance equal or slightly larger than current limliting valve body is close to the end face of delay chamber and the second cavity close to the distance between the end face of working chamber.
3. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 1 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
It is, the pressure testing unusual condition includes equipment fault, high pressure line leakage, uphole equipment leakage or the feelings for needing termination of pumping rectification
Condition.
4. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 1 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
It is, first scheduled pressure value selects in the range of 60~120MPa.
5. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 2 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
It is, the toe-end sliding sleeve further includes the first shearing connecting piece, wherein first shearing connecting piece is by movable piston or inner sleeve
Fracture and releasing activity when the pressure that is fixedly connected with the casing, and can be born in movable piston reaches the second scheduled pressure value
Piston, so that movable piston directly or indirectly drives regulating mechanism to move along the axis towards the second cavity.
6. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 5 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
It is, the toe-end sliding sleeve further includes the second shearing connecting piece, and second shearing connecting piece is by movable piston or inner sleeve and shell
Body is fixedly connected, and fracture when the pressure that can be born in piston reaches third scheduled pressure value, the third predetermined pressure
Value is less than second scheduled pressure value.
7. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 6 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
It is, the toe-end sliding sleeve includes multiple second shearing connecting pieces.
8. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 2 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
It is, the time-delay mechanism of the toe-end sliding sleeve has multiple damper bars, and the multiple damper bar is arranged in series in described first and passes through
In perforation.
9. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 2 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
Be, the opener of the toe-end sliding sleeve include fluid cylinder, control cut off, control piston and sealing-plug, wherein the sealing-plug
Movable work is formed in the plunger shaft with control piston cooperation and the outer wall being tightly connected with movable piston, the fluid cylinder
Plug with can be connected between shell and by plunger shaft with wellbore fluid, it is described control to cut off will control piston and be fixed on piston
The intracavitary connection to block fluid cylinder and wellbore fluid, the control cut off and can reach first predetermined pressure in wellbore fluid
It is broken when value, and releases the control piston so that wellbore fluid enters the fluid cylinder.
10. the well fracturing reforming technology according to claim 2 for opening toe-end sliding sleeve using controllable time delay, feature
It is, the delayed start-up toe-end sliding sleeve includes multiple pressure break mouths.
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| CN111021990A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Soluble toe end sliding sleeve for well cementation and completion and using method thereof |
| CN111691853A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-22 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | High-pressure energy-storage time-delay opening type toe end sliding sleeve and using method thereof |
| CN112049606A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-08 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Time-delay opening toe end sliding sleeve and opening method thereof |
| CN113482571A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-10-08 | 大庆长垣能源科技有限公司 | Hydraulic control pressure cipher open type infinite delay toe end sliding sleeve |
| CN113738304A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Toe end sliding sleeve with shaft pressure testing function |
| CN113803024A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Toe end sliding sleeve device |
| CN114059983A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-18 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Toe end sliding sleeve and oil well tubular column thereof |
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| CN111691853A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-22 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | High-pressure energy-storage time-delay opening type toe end sliding sleeve and using method thereof |
| CN111691853B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2024-01-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | High-pressure energy storage time-delay opening type toe end sliding sleeve and use method thereof |
| CN114059983A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-18 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Toe end sliding sleeve and oil well tubular column thereof |
| CN112049606B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-02-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Time-delay opening toe end sliding sleeve and opening method thereof |
| CN112049606A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-08 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Time-delay opening toe end sliding sleeve and opening method thereof |
| CN115199248A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-10-18 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Toe end sliding sleeve electric control hydraulic locking device |
| CN115199248B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2024-04-26 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Toe end sliding sleeve electric control hydraulic locking device |
| CN113482571A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-10-08 | 大庆长垣能源科技有限公司 | Hydraulic control pressure cipher open type infinite delay toe end sliding sleeve |
| CN113738304A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Toe end sliding sleeve with shaft pressure testing function |
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