CN110511807A - 一种抗磨汽油发动机油 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及石油化工领域,涉及一种抗磨汽油发动机油,该机油主要组分包括清净剂、分散剂、抗氧剂、抗磨剂、减磨剂、极压剂、粘指剂、降凝剂、酯类油、高粘度合成基础油、合成基础油或矿物基础油,其中多种试剂均采用双组分,与现有技术相比,本申请所提供的机油在性能上可符合ACEA A3/B4发动机油指标要求,并且抗磨能力突出,提供宁静顺畅的行车体验,并在燃油经济性方面有卓越贡献。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及石油化工领域,涉及一种抗磨汽油发动机油。
背景技术
近几年,伴随我国汽车工业的快速发展,我国汽车市场欧系汽车所占比例逐年增大,对满足ACEA规格的发动机油需求也越来越多。与美系及日韩系汽车相比,欧系汽车中的小轿车行驶速度快,发动机压缩比较高,发动机转速也高,造成发动机热负荷和机械负荷高,发动机油工作温度高,使用条件苛刻,换油周期长,对发动机油性能要求很高。因此ACEA规格比API规格在某些方面更加严格。为了满足苛刻的排放法规,发动机的设计和控制技术不断改进,延迟喷射和废气再循环技术对润滑油的烟炱分散能力提出更高要求。欧洲的轿车制造商要求润滑油能在更高功率发动机上延长换油期及提高燃料经济性,更高的热负荷和机械负荷,润滑油需具备更强的抗氧化和抗磨性能。
国内市场上的汽油发动机油一般均是按照API规格研制的,某些情况下难以满足ACEA规格的发动机油需求,特别是在抗氧化和抗磨性能上有很大的差距,因此开发一种适合ACEA规格的发动机油成为我们亟待解决的问题之一。
发明内容
本发明针对现有汽油发动机油存在的诸多问题,提供了一种抗磨汽油发动机油,该机油主要组分包括清净剂、分散剂、抗氧剂、抗磨剂、减磨剂、极压剂、粘指剂、降凝剂、酯类油、高粘度合成基础油、合成基础油或矿物基础油,其中多种试剂均采用双组分,与现有技术相比,本申请所提供的机油在性能上可符合ACEA A3/B4发动机油指标要求,并且抗磨能力突出,提供宁静顺畅的行车体验。
针对本领域的现有技术情况,发明人首次提出了用二硫代氨基甲酸钼与烷基聚羧酸酯衍生物5:1的比例混合调配减磨剂,加之HSD型粘指剂、茂金属合成油和酯类油的搭配方式,在低温性能满足的情况下,余量最大成分的使用III类矿物基础油,来提高机油的抗磨能力,从而达到降噪的作用。
基于上述的主体设计思路,发明人提供了具体的技术方案如下:
一种抗磨汽油发动机油,其中各组分的质量百分比为:清净剂2.9-4.0%、分散剂2.5-3.8%、抗氧剂0.5-0.8%、抗磨剂0.5-1.5%、减磨剂0.1-1.0%、极压剂0.1-0.8%、粘指剂4.0-13.5%、降凝剂0.1-0.5%、酯类油5.0-12.0%、高粘度合成基础油3.0-8.0%、合成基础油或III类矿物基础油余量;
其中,合成基础油或III类矿物基础油可以根据机油粘度级别的要求根据现有技术随机选择;
所述的减磨剂为二硫代氨基甲酸钼(如Molyvan3000)与烷基聚羧酸酯衍生物(如Vanlube7723)5:1的比例混合而成;
发明人经过长期的研究和实验后发现,采用上述组成的减磨剂,可以与与HSD型粘指剂、茂金属合成油和酯类油的搭配,彼此起到明显的增效效果,可以起到大大提高机油抗磨能力的作用,较之现有技术有明显的提升;
按重量比计算,所述的清净剂为硫化烷基酚(如T115B)与烷基苯磺酸盐(如T106)以2:1的比例混合而成;
所述的分散剂为聚异丁烯二酰亚胺(无灰型)(如T164B)与琥珀酸酯型聚合分散剂(如LZL 156)以3:1的比例混合而成;
所述的抗氧剂为屏蔽酚型(如T501)与烷基二苯胺(如T534)1:1的比例混合而成;所述的抗磨剂为二硫代磷酸盐(如Hitec059);
所述的极压剂为二硫代氨基甲基锑(如Vanlube73)与二硫代磷酸钼(如MolyvanL)1:1的比例混合而成;
所述的粘指剂为氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物(如Lubrizol7441);
所述的降凝剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯型(如Viscoplex1-158)与烷基萘型(如T801)2:1的比例混合而成;
所述的酯类油为多元醇酯(如PE478);
所述的高粘度合成基础油为茂金属合成油;
上述括号中公开的均为对应产品的商品名,均为市场上可以直接购得的,发明人在此不再赘述,但是发明人需要说明的是,同类的其他产品只要能够具有相同的作用,均可以作为本申请的备选物质使用;
上述组分的选择均是为了更好的与减磨剂配合使用而对其用量等进行了优化,彼此直接相互作用可以起到更好的效果;最终获得的机油其抗磨系数较之现有技术明显下降,表示其抗磨能力明显提升;
发明人还进一步提供了上述抗磨汽油发动机油的制备方法,具体步骤是:
(1)制备单剂:先将清净剂、分散剂、抗氧剂、减磨剂、极压剂、降凝剂按各自比例单独调和,恒温65℃,连续搅拌2h;
(2)总调和阶段:按比例加入合成基础油或III类基础油,之后按比例加入高粘度合成基础油,再按比例加入酯类油,最后按比例加入剩余组分,恒温60-65℃,连续搅拌1h。
综上所述,本发明所提供的机油在性能上可符合ACEA-2016发动机油指标要求,并且抗磨能力突出,提供宁静顺畅的行车体验,并在燃油经济性方面有卓越贡献。
附图说明
图1为实验例2中所述抗磨能力实验结果图;
图中最上方为市购的高性能机油,下方曲线从下向上顺次为实施例4,实施例1,实施例3,实施例5,实施例2。
根据图中内容可知本发明所提供的机油较之市购的高性能机油,摩擦系数明显偏低,并且系数曲线平稳,可为发动机提供更加安全的保护。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例来进一步说明本发明,可以使本领域技术人员更全面的理解本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。其中所采用的各种组分备选物质均使用说明书中记载的对应物质,发明人在此不再赘述;
实施例1
一种抗磨汽油发动机油,各组分的质量百分比为:清净剂3.3%、分散剂2.8%、抗氧剂0.5%、抗磨剂0.7%、减磨剂0.5%、极压剂0.3%、粘指剂7.5%、降凝剂0.1%、酯类油8.0%、高粘度合成基础油5.0%、合成基础油59.3%、III类矿物基础油余量12.0%。
实施例2:
一种抗磨汽油发动机油,各组分的质量百分比为:清净剂3.5%、分散剂2.9%、抗氧剂0.7%、抗磨剂0.7%、减磨剂0.6%、极压剂0.2%、粘指剂6.8%、降凝剂0.1%、酯类油10.0%、高粘度合成基础油5.5%、合成基础油59.0%、III类矿物基础油余量10.0%。
实施例3:
一种抗磨汽油发动机油,各组分的质量百分比为:清净剂4.0%、分散剂3.5%、抗氧剂0.5%、抗磨剂0.4%、减磨剂0.8%、极压剂0.3%、粘指剂7.2%、降凝剂0.3%、酯类油8.0%、高粘度合成基础油4.5%、合成基础油35.0%、III类矿物基础油余量35.5%。
实施例4:
一种抗磨汽油发动机油,各组分的质量百分比为:清净剂3.8%、分散剂3.1%、抗氧剂0.5%、抗磨剂0.7%、减磨剂0.5%、极压剂0.3%、粘指剂6.8%、降凝剂0.2%、酯类油8.0%、高粘度合成基础油7.0%、合成基础油64.1%、III类矿物基础油余量5.0%。
实施例5:
一种抗磨汽油发动机油,各组分的质量百分比为:清净剂3.6%、分散剂3.1%、抗氧剂0.5%、抗磨剂0.5%、减磨剂0.7%、极压剂0.3%、粘指剂6.7%、降凝剂0.3%、酯类油10.0%、高粘度合成基础油6.3%、III类矿物基础油余量68.0%。
上述实施例1-5均采用相同的方法进行制备,具体如下:具体步骤是:
(1)制备单剂:先将清净剂、分散剂、抗氧剂、减磨剂、极压剂、降凝剂按各自比例单独调和,恒温65℃,连续搅拌2h;
(2)总调和阶段:按比例加入合成基础油或III类基础油,之后按比例加入高粘度合成基础油,再按比例加入酯类油,最后按比例加入剩余组分,恒温60-65℃,连续搅拌1h。
实验例1
取实施例1-5所获得的配制的抗磨汽油发动机油按照ACEA-2016进行全面分析,指标如表1所示:
根据表中内容可知,五组实施例的技术方案均可满足ACEA-2016 A3/B4的理化性能要求,且抗磨系数较根据下述实施例可知较之现有配方明显降低。上述
实验例2
用国际知名品牌高端发动机油与实施例1-5生产的汽油发动机油在四球试验机上进行抗磨能力对比,试验条件:60min,1200转/min,75℃,392N;摩擦系数对比结果如图1所示;
根据图中内容可知实施例的汽油发动机油在整个运行时间内,相比市购的高性能机油,摩擦系数曲线比较平稳,并且平均值明显低,都可以保证在0.08以下,最低的系数可达到0.05左右,说明实施例配方在重负荷、高温、高转速的情况下,抗磨能力突出,能为发动机提供的较好的润滑作用。
以上所述仅为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的改进和替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种抗磨汽油发动机油,其特征在于:其中各组分的质量百分比为:清净剂2.9-4.0%、分散剂2.5-3.8%、抗氧剂0.5-0.8%、抗磨剂0.5-1.5%、减磨剂0.1-1.0%、极压剂0.1-0.8%、粘指剂4.0-13.5%、降凝剂0.1-0.5%、酯类油5.0-12.0%、高粘度合成基础油3.0-8.0%、合成基础油或III类矿物基础油余量;
其中按重量比计算,所述的减磨剂为二硫代氨基甲酸钼与烷基聚羧酸酯衍生物5∶1的比例混合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨汽油发动机油,其特征在于:按重量比计算,所述的清净剂为硫化烷基酚与烷基苯磺酸盐以2∶1的比例混合而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨汽油发动机油,其特征在于:按重量比计算,所述的分散剂为无灰型聚异丁烯二酰亚胺与琥珀酸酯型聚合分散剂以3∶1的比例混合而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨汽油发动机油,其特征在于:按重量比计算,所述的抗氧剂为屏蔽酚型与烷基二苯胺1∶1的比例混合而成;所述的抗磨剂为二硫代磷酸盐。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨汽油发动机油,其特征在于:按重量比计算,所述的极压剂为二硫代氨基甲基锑与二硫代磷酸钼1∶1的比例混合而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨汽油发动机油,其特征在于:所述的粘指剂为氢化苯乙烯双烯共聚物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨汽油发动机油,其特征在于:按重量比计算,所述的降凝剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯型与烷基萘型2∶1的比例混合而成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的抗磨汽油发动机油,其特征在于:所述的酯类油为多元醇酯;所述的高粘度合成基础油为茂金属合成油。
9.权利要求1所述抗磨汽油发动机油的制备方法,具体步骤是:
(1)制备单剂:先将清净剂、分散剂、抗氧剂、减磨剂、极压剂、降凝剂按各自比例单独调和,恒温65℃,连续搅拌2h;
(2)总调和阶段:按比例加入合成基础油或III类基础油,之后按比例加入高粘度合成基础油,再按比例加入酯类油,最后按比例加入剩余组分,恒温60-65℃,连续搅拌1h。
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