CN110423152A - One special fertilizer for fruit trees and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
One special fertilizer for fruit trees and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110423152A CN110423152A CN201910561661.4A CN201910561661A CN110423152A CN 110423152 A CN110423152 A CN 110423152A CN 201910561661 A CN201910561661 A CN 201910561661A CN 110423152 A CN110423152 A CN 110423152A
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- potassium
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- solubilizing bacteria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses special fertilizer for fruit trees and its preparation method and application, which includes function bacterium, root growth activator and mixed mineral particulate vector；The function bacterium and root growth activator are adsorbed in the mixed mineral particulate vector, and the function bacterium includes ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, and the root growth activator is ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide；The special fertilizer for fruit trees has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and potassium decomposing, and applied once meets fruit tree whole year NPK nutritional need, and fertilizer efficiency is lasting, nutrient supply is balanced, improves soil, well developed root system, it saves labor, no pollution to the environment, and the yield and quality of fruit can be significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, particularly relate to a kind of have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fruit tree of potassium decomposing are dedicated
Fertilizer.
Background technique
Inorganic nutrients necessary to plant growth are N, P, K (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) three big element.Nitrogen is protein, nucleic acid, phosphatide
Main component, and this three is the important component of plasm, nucleus and biomembrane, they are accounted in vital movement
There is special role, wherein nitrogen is otherwise known as the element of life.Fruit tree is in great demand to N, P, K, applies fertilizer in Production of fruit
Purpose is exactly to meet fruit tree to the needs of three big elements.
In agricultural production the supply main source of nitrogenous fertilizer be people applied into soil humans and animals excrement, urea,
The fertilizer such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, wherein being that chemically synthesized nitrogenous fertilizer synthesizes ammonia in addition to night soil.Usually apply
Phosphate fertilizer is mainly calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate and Diammonium phosphate (DAP).The potash fertilizer of application be mainly potassium chloride,
Potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate (monopotassium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, PA 800K, potassium polyphosphate) and plant ash, wherein removing
It is also synthetics outside plant ash.
China begins to use chemical fertilizer (synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound) after the 1950s, and especially 20
Since the eighties in century in agricultural volume increase and increasing income, a large amount of uses of chemical fertilizer are performed meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.But more than 40 Nian great Liang of process are applied
With chemical fertilizer, also gradually expose that soil acidification, salination, impoverishment, hardened, agricultural product quality is relatively low and pollution of area source aggravates etc.
Some defects.So being secure an adequate supply according to China's environment and the bearing capacity in arable land, sustainability, consumer demand difference
On the basis of amount meets, with biological organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer replacing fertilizer, Efforts To Develop soil improvement improves agricultural product quality,
It is still a very difficult task.
As it can be seen that in order to solve, above-mentioned soil acidification, salination, impoverishment, agricultural product quality is relatively low and pollution of area source aggravates
Etc. some defects, a variety of improved procedures are proposed in the prior art, as patent CN101709018A discloses a kind of bulky grain fertilizer
Material, discloses " according to the fertilizer requirement and uptake characters of Different Crop, by compound fertilizer, Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, nitrogen, potash fertilizer compound fertilizer, controlled release
Nitrogen, K composite fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are made 2~500 grams, 2.5~12 centimetres of particle diameter " technical solution, however, should
Bulky grain fertilizer is mainly made of inorganic and organic chemical fertilizer, long-term or be used for multiple times and will cause soil hardening, fertility decline；Together
When, propose water-soluble fertilizer in the prior art, for opposite common fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer have save it is artificial, save water resource,
A variety of advantages such as easy-to-use, water-soluble fertilizer on the market includes the multiple types such as trickle irrigation is used, punching is applied, slight irrigation is used, In now
While having the above advantages, there is also some drawbacks of common fertilizer for water-soluble fertilizer；In general, a large amount of in water-soluble fertilizer
The raw materials for production of element are also only to be mentioned in water-soluble and insoluble matter residual using common npk nutrient raw material
Height, there is no the forms and physicochemical properties that inherently change nutrient, this leads to the common npk nutrient in Water soluble fertilizer
Utilization rate in soil is still very low, wherein nitrogen nutrient be largely lost or denitrification after become gaseous nitrogen oxide enter it is big
Gas, and phosphorus and potassium then become invalid state by soil fixing, while water-soluble fertilizer, due to having the convenience of application, peasant household is applying
During often application is excessive or application is excessively frequent, this causes soil acidification, secondary salinization, hardened and native again
Disease is passed frequently to occur.
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer refers to the product of a kind of microorganism containing different types of work, can pass through microorganism
Not available important nutrition is strictly converted to the substance that can be absorbed and used by plants by specific function, promotes the new old generation of plant
It thanks, adjusts the growth of plant.Bio-bacterial manure be manured into soil in can effectively enhance edaphon activity and promote soil
The growth and breeding of middle microorganism and the secretory volume for improving relevant enzyme.Due in bio-feritlizer containing there are many non-pathogenic microorganism, because
During growth and breeding, the metabolism such as all kinds of microbes secretion Multiple Classes of Antibiotics, auxin and insect killing substance are produced for this
Object, this can not only inhibit the growth and breeding of pathogenic microorganism, moreover it is possible to which the growth for promoting plant improves the resistance of plant.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of the relevant technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof
And application, the special fertilizer for fruit trees have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and potassium decomposing, applied once meets fruit tree whole year NPK nutrition need
It asks, completely substitution synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound (chemical fertilizer), improves soil, activate root system, and the production of fruit can be improved
Amount and quality.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, it is provided by the invention it is a kind of have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing, packet
Include function bacterium, root growth activator and mixed mineral particulate vector；The function bacterium and root growth activator are adsorbed in institute
It states in mixed mineral particulate vector, the function bacterium includes ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, and the root growth is living
Agent is ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.
The ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria, are named as SDTB-0035, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17635；
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria, is named as SDTB-0043, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17637；
The potassium solubilizing bacteria, is named as SDTB-0052, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17639；
The mixed mineral particulate vector includes each component of following parts by weight: 20-50 parts of humic acid, 5-15 parts of phosphorus ores
Powder, 5-15 part potassium feldspar, 3-5 parts of boraxs, 3-5 parts of magnesium silicates, 5-20 parts of gangues, 5-20 parts of clays and 0.5-2 parts of trapping agents
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose；The dosage of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is 0.02-0.5 parts.
The present invention is by carrying out multi mineral powder body material through carboxylic propyl methocel capture, granulation, high-temperature shaping
It is modified, the mixed mineral particle with porous structure is obtained, and using mixed mineral particle as carrier, by function bacterium and ganoderma lucidum
Polysaccharide is adsorbed in mixed mineral particulate vector, and the characteristic natural green without synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound is made
Fertilizer plays the effect that applied once meets whole year NPK nutritional need；And microelement abundant is provided for fruit tree；
The application of mixed mineral particle with porous structure can also improve soil aggregate structure, conducive to functional microorganism breeding, support
The conversion divided and activating soil, promote root growth, and nutrition supply is balanced persistently；Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can activate and promote root system raw
Long, which can significantly improve the yield and quality of fruit.Relative to existing organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, apply
Fertilizer amount is few, is often only application 1 time, and nutrition supply is balanced, and fertilizer efficiency is lasting, saves labor, and improves soil, no pollution to the environment.
In some embodiments of the invention, the preparation method of the mixed mineral particulate vector includes the following steps:
(a) by 20-50 parts of humic acid, 5-15 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5-15 parts of potassium feldspars, 3-5 parts of boraxs, 3-5 parts of magnesium silicates, 5-
20 parts of gangues and 5-20 parts of clays are crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural mixed mineral powder；
(b) by 0.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl celluloses be configured to mass concentration be 5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose it is water-soluble
Liquid；
In natural mixed mineral powder input mixer, 5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution is sprayed under stiring, it will
The capture of mineral powder body material；
(c) the mineral powder body material after capturing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer granulation, and by composite ore
The composite ore containing various nutrient elements and porous structure is made in 150-200 DEG C of dryness finalization, quenching to room temperature in composition granule
Composition granule carrier.
Based on identical inventive concept, have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fruit tree of potassium decomposing are special the present invention also provides above-mentioned
With the preparation method of fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1) using mineral powder body material (including humic acid, ground phosphate rock, potassium feldspar, borax, magnesium silicate, gangue and glutinous
Soil) and trapping agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose be raw material, prepare mixed mineral particulate vector；
(2) ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria are inoculated in first cell culture medium respectively to cultivate, obtain level-one
Strain；
First class inoculum is inoculated in secondary medium respectively to cultivate, obtains second class inoculum；
Second class inoculum is inoculated in fermentation medium respectively to cultivate, obtains fermentation liquid；The fermentation liquid is ultra high efficiency
The mother liquor of nitrogen-fixing bacteria thallus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria thallus and potassium solubilizing bacteria thallus.
(3) ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is dissolved in water, then is uniformly mixed with ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium decomposing fermented liquid, it is right
Mixed mineral particulate vector is sprayed, and ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria and ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide are adsorbed in composite ore
In composition granule carrier, obtain having effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing.
Based on identical inventive concept, have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fruit tree of potassium decomposing are special the present invention also provides above-mentioned
With the application of fertilizer, around trunk, 30 centimetres or so place's trench diggings or multiple spot open cave within tree crown drip, see tree root and apply again
Add special fertilizer for fruit trees, then bury soil, sprinkles profoundly water.Dose is the 10% of fruits output.
In some embodiments of the invention, administration time is the fruit expanding stage newly tied after fruit harvests to second year,
Often it is only 1 special fertilizer for fruit trees of application, and sprinkles profoundly water in time.
The present invention by by group be divided into 20-40 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5-10 parts of potassium feldspars, 3-5 parts of boraxs,
3-5 parts of magnesium silicates, 5-20 parts of gangues and 5-20 parts of clays carry out being crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural mixed mineral
Powder；It is another to contain 0.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl celluloses for trapping agent, these mixed mineral powder are captured with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,
It is granulated high temperature drying sizing, obtains the mixed mineral particle with porous structure.It is adsorbed on above-mentioned mixed mineral particulate vector
Function bacterium and root growth activator, function bacterium include: with the ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria (SDTB- of Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacillus breeding
0035), fixed nitrogen level improves 70.48 times compared with Natural strains；With the phosphate solubilizing bacteria of degrading organic phosphor pesticides bacillus breeding
(SDTB-0043), the phosphorus in ground phosphate rock directly can be changed into water-soluble phosphorus；With the bacillus of degradation carbamate chemicals for agriculture
Potassium in the potassium breezes such as potassium feldspar can be become water-soluble potassium by the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) of breeding；Root growth activator is
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.
With natural minerals materials such as humic acid, mixed mineral powder and clays, it is granulated after being captured with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
At mixed mineral particulate vector, function bacterium and root growth activator ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, which are adsorbed in the carrier of porous structure, to be become
Characteristic natural green fertilizer without synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound (chemical fertilizer).The fertilizer can according to fruit tree to nitrogen,
The nutrient demands such as phosphorus, potassium obtain nitrogen, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) by ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria (SDTB-0035) from atmosphere
Speed is dissociateed from the miberal powder of the minerals and addition that are rich in mixed mineral particle and soil with potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052)
Imitate phosphorus and available potassium.Meanwhile phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) and potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) can also be by mixed mineral particle and corruption
Other mineral elements grown in the organic matter carriers and soil such as acid are converted into the hydrotrope, are absorbed and utilized, provide conducive to fruit tree root system
Middle microelement meets the nutrition supply of fruit tree and crops comprehensively.The product can substitute ammonia, phosphorus compound completely
With potassium compound (chemical fertilizer), organic fertilizer and all fertilizer, moreover, the porous structure that the mixed mineral particle has can guarantee soil
Earth it is loose, maintain the circulation of air, be not only able to satisfy Production of fruit to the needs of nutrient, nutrition supply is balanced persistently, moreover it is possible to excellent
Matter high yield, improvement soil, it is environmental-friendly, realize the sustainable production of fancy fruit.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this hair
Bright further description.
Ashby involved in following embodiment (A Xubei) nitrogen-free agar: mannitol 10g, CaCO35.0g, MgSO4·
7H2O 0.2g, KH2PO40.2g, CaSO4·2H2O 0.1g, NaCl 0.2g, distilled water are settled to 1L, pH7.0, agar powder 20g
(fluid nutrient medium is not added), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
Pikovskaya culture medium: yeast extract 0.5g, glucose 10g, NaCl 0.3g, KCl 0.3g, MgSO4·7H2O
0.3g, MnSO4·H2O 0.03g, FeSO4·7H2O 0.03g, (NH4)2SO40.5g, Ca3(PO4)25.0g, distilled water constant volume
To 1L, pH 7.0~7.5, agar powder 20g (fluid nutrient medium is not added), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
Alexandria Bao Luofu culture medium: sucrose 3g, feldspar in powder (wash five times) 1g, MgSO with deionized water4·7H2O
0.5g, Na2PO42g, FeCl30.005g, CaCO30.1g, distilled water are settled to 1L, pH 7.0, agar 20g (Liquid Culture
Base is not added), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
LB culture medium: peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, NaCl 10g, distilled water are settled to 1L, pH7.0, agar powder 20g
(fluid nutrient medium is not added), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
The screening of 1 ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria of embodiment
The primary dcreening operation of 1.1 nitrogen-fixing bacteria
(1) it prepares sample diluting liquid: weighing the soil-like for being derived from the planting vegetable for years in Tai'an area, Taian Shandong city
Product 10g is fitted into the conical flask of 250mL, and appropriate bead and 100mL sterile water is added, and after being standing and soaking 20min, is shaken in constant temperature
200rpm vibrates 30min in bed, forms bacteria suspension mother liquor, is then successively diluted with sterile water, obtain 10-5、10-6、10-7Dilution
The sample solution of degree.
(2) inverted plate: 60 DEG C are cooled to after the sterilizing of A Xubei nitrogen-free solid medium, pour plate.
(3) spread plate: 10-5、10-6、10-7The sample solution of dilution respectively draws 100 μ L, is scraped respectively with glass triangle
It is uniform in culture medium coating.
(4) it cultivates: being inverted into 37 DEG C of constant temperature biochemical cultivation cases and train after the plate that coating finishes is sealed with sealed membrane
Support 7d.
(5) primary dcreening operation: media surface picks out nitrogen-fixing bacteria from plate, then using the method for plate streaking in A Xubei
It is isolated and purified in nitrogen-free solid medium, purifying bacterial strain is inoculated into LB slant medium respectively, is identified through nitrogen fixing capacity
Being confirmed as Natural Nitrogen Fixation Strain Designation is SDTB-0001,4 DEG C of preservations in refrigerator.
1.2 the nitrogen fixing capacity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria measures
(1) the azotobacter strain SDTB-0001 that primary dcreening operation obtains inoculation activation: is inoculated into Ah 's shellfish nitrogen-free fluid nutrient medium
In, 37 DEG C of 200rpm shaken cultivations in constant-temperature table.
(2) nitrogen fixing capacity measures: taking one time fermentation liquid every 8h, using the culture solution of not inoculating strain as control group, uses
Micro-kjoldahl method (kjeldahl apparatus) measures nitrogen pool in corresponding fermentation liquid.The bacterial strain that secondary screening is obtained is with 20% glycerol
It is placed in -20 DEG C of preservations in refrigerator.
1.3 ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria domestication breedings
It is inoculated into the training of the LB liquid in 250 milliliters of triangular flasks respectively from one ring bacterium of picking each in SDTB-0001 with oese
Base is supported, 1 milliliter of liquid nitrogen is added after sealing, 37 DEG C in shaking table, 200rpm shaken cultivation domestication breeding, switching time in every 15 days, even
Continuous domestication breeding 120 times.Then in culture triangular flask 25cm overhung 20W ultraviolet lamp, irradiation 20 minutes, strengthen mutagenesis daily
Effect continues continuous domestication breeding 30 times, obtains ultra high efficiency strains of nitrogen-fixing, is named as SDTB-0035.
The colony morphological observation of 1.4 nitrogen-fixing bacteria
With oese, each one ring ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria (SDTB-0035) of picking are inoculated into the training of LB liquid from the inclined-plane of preservation
Base is supported, 37 DEG C in shaking table, 200rpm shaken cultivation to logarithmic phase observes microbial morphology under an optical microscope.Then it chooses
Take fermentation liquid, in LB plate streaking, Yu Hengwen biochemical cultivation case 37 DEG C culture, observation colony shape, gloss, color, size,
Situations such as transparency and chromogenic element.
2. the selection result of nitrogen-fixing bacteria primary dcreening operation
By isolate 10 plants of Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium, 1 plant of stronger bacterium of nitrogen fixing capacity is filtered out by measuring amount of nitrogen fixation
Strain, is named as SDTB-0001.
3. high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium domestication breeding result
With oese, each one ring bacterium of picking is inoculated into 250 milliliters of triangular flasks respectively from Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium (SDTB-0001)
In LB liquid medium, after sealing be added 1 milliliter of liquid nitrogen, 37 DEG C in shaking table, 200rpm shaken cultivation domestication breeding, every 15
Its switching time continuous domestication breeding 120 times, then hangs 20W ultraviolet lamp, daily irradiation 2 hours on culture triangular flask 25cm,
Mutagenesis intensity is improved, is continued continuous domestication breeding 30 times, is obtained 1 plant of ultra high efficiency strains of nitrogen-fixing, be named as SDTB-0035.
Nitrogen pool in corresponding fermentation liquid is measured using Micro-kjoldahl method (kjeldahl apparatus), by fixed nitrogen domestication breeding
The 1 plant of stronger bacterial strain of nitrogen fixing capacity obtained, is named as SDTB-0035.The nitrogen fixing capacity for screening naturalized strain is as shown in the table:
The nitrogen fixing capacity of the screening naturalized strain of table 1
| Bacterial strain | Amount of nitrogen fixation (mg/L) |
| Ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria (SDTB-0035) | 835.48 |
| Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium (SDTB-0001) | 11.85 |
| CK | 0 |
Wherein, CK refers to blank control (not connecing the culture solution of bacterial strain), and Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium is this laboratory screening and protects
The bacterial strain SDTB-0001 of the Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium of hiding.As shown in Table 1, the ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria (SDTB-0035) of domestication breeding, Gu
Nitrogen level improves 70.48 times compared with Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium (SDTB-0001).
The colony diameter that the ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria (SDTB-0035) that domestication breeding obtains are formed on LB culture medium is about 1-
2mm, bacterium colony are round, white, opaque, center projections, rough surface.And the ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria for obtaining domestication breeding
(SDTB-0035) commission Shanghai Sheng Gong bioengineering Co., Ltd carries out gene sequencing.The 16SrDNA sequence of the bacterium is submitted to
Into GENBANK database carry out BLAST compare analysis, analysis the result shows that, the gene order and Xie Dian of the high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium
The gene order very high homology of afnyloliquefaciens, homology is up to 99%.
Combining form and 16SrDNA sequencing result, the ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria that domestication breeding is obtained are named as SDTB-
0035, classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), is preserved in China Microbiological bacterium
Kind preservation administration committee common micro-organisms center, preservation address is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, preservation day
Phase is on April 26th, 2019, and deposit number is CGMCC NO.17635.
The screening of 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria of embodiment
The screening of 1.1 phosphate solubilizing bacterias
Screening technique is as follows:
(1) it prepares sample diluting liquid: weighing since waste water treatment plant, Huayang Agricultural Chemial Group Co Ltd, Shandong acquires
Activated sludge sample 10g is fitted into the conical flask of 250mL, and appropriate bead and 100mL sterile water is added, is standing and soaking 20min
Afterwards, 200rpm vibrates 30min in constant-temperature table, forms bacteria suspension mother liquor, is then successively diluted with sterile water, obtain 10-5、
10-6、10-7The sample solution of dilution.
(2) inverted plate: 60 DEG C are cooled to after the sterilizing of Pikovskaya solid medium, pour plate.
(3) spread plate: 10-5、10-6、10-7The sample solution of dilution respectively draws 100 μ L, is scraped respectively with glass triangle
It is uniform in culture medium coating.
(4) it cultivates: being inverted into 37 DEG C of constant temperature biochemical cultivation cases and train after the plate that coating finishes is sealed with sealed membrane
Support 7d.
(5) primary dcreening operation: picking out the bacterium colony with Soluble phosphorus circle from Pikovskaya solid medium tablets, then using flat
The method of plate scribing line is isolated and purified in Pikovskaya solid medium, and the purifying bacterial strain for having Soluble phosphorus circle phenomenon is distinguished
It is inoculated into LB slant medium, 4 DEG C of preservations in refrigerator.
(6) mutagenic and breeding: the significant bacterial strain of Soluble phosphorus circle phenomenon is coated on Pikovskaya solid medium, plate
It is inverted into after being sealed with sealed membrane in 37 DEG C of constant temperature biochemical cultivation cases, 20W ultraviolet lamp is hung on plate, daily 20 points of irradiation
Clock improves mutagenesis intensity, cultivates 7d.By the most significant strain inoculated of Soluble phosphorus circle phenomenon to LB slant medium, 4 DEG C in refrigerator
It saves.
The colony morphological observation of 1.2 phosphate solubilizing bacterias
With oese, each one ring bacterium of picking is inoculated into LB liquid medium from the inclined-plane of preservation, 37 DEG C in shaking table,
200rpm shaken cultivation observes microbial morphology to logarithmic phase under an optical microscope.Then picking fermentation liquid is drawn in LB plate
Line, 37 DEG C of cultures in Yu Hengwen biochemical cultivation case, the feelings such as observation colony shape, gloss, color, size, transparency and chromogenic element
Condition.
Degradation of 1.3 phosphate solubilizing bacterias to organophosphorus pesticide
By the seed liquor of phosphate solubilizing bacteria that screening obtains according to 5% inoculum concentration be inoculated in respectively containing phoxim, omethoate or
In the selection culture medium of parathion, culture is added in organophosphorus pesticide in the form of organophosphorus pesticide solution in Selective agar medium
Base, organophosphorus pesticide content is 35% in organophosphorus pesticide solution, and the additive amount of organophosphorus pesticide solution is in Selective agar medium
2 ‰ (mass ratioes)；Selective agar medium other compositions in addition to organophosphorus pesticide solution are 0.1g NaCl, 0.5g MgSO4, 0.3g
K2SO4, 0.1gCaCO3, 0.001g FeSO4, 1000mL H2O, pH value are adjusted to 7.2, be placed in temperature be 37 DEG C, revolving speed 200rpm
Environment in vibrate 48h, be then gradually increased the additive amount of 3 kinds of organophosphorus pesticide solution again, respectively additive amount be 4 ‰ (matter
Amount ratio), 6 ‰ (mass ratioes), the upgrowth situation that each bacterial strain is observed under 8 ‰ (mass ratioes).Shaken cultivation 48h, gas Chromatographic Determination
Degradation rate of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria to organophosphorus pesticide, determination condition are as follows: chromatographic column: silicon chromatographic column [DB-5MS, 30m (length) × 0.25mm
(internal diameter) × 0.25 μm (film thickness)], sample volume: 1 μ L；Using dividing technology after column, split ratio 1: 10；Carrier gas: high-purity helium,
Constant voltage mode: 91kPa；Injector temperature: 280 DEG C；Column oven temperature program: furnace temperature is in 70 DEG C of holding 2min after sample introduction, with 5
DEG C/speed of min is warming up to 290 DEG C, 3min is kept, then cool to 70 DEG C.
2. the selection result of phosphate solubilizing bacteria
By primary dcreening operation and ultraviolet mutagenesis, 5 plants of phosphate solubilizing bacterias are filtered out altogether, by measuring the degradation rate to organophosphorus pesticide, choosing
Select phosphorus decomposing effect preferably and the highest bacterial strain of degradation efficiency, be named as phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043), gas Chromatographic Determination result table
Bright, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) is respectively 73.1% to the degradation rate of organophosphorus pesticide phoxim, omethoate or parathion,
72.4% and 74.2%.
Screening the colony diameter that obtained phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) is formed on LB culture medium is about 1-2mm, and bacterium colony is
Round, white, opaque, center projections, rough surface.And the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) for obtaining screening entrusts Hua Da base
Because company carries out gene sequencing.The 16SrDNA sequence of the bacterium is submitted in GENBANK database and carries out BLAST comparison point
Analysis, analysis the result shows that, the gene order very high homology of the strain sequence and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, homology is up to 99%.
Combining form and 16SrDNA sequencing result, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria that screening is obtained are named as SDTB-0043, classification life
Entitled bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) are preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation management committee
Member's meeting common micro-organisms center, preservation address is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, and the deposit date is in April, 2019
26, deposit number was CGMCC NO.17637.
Degradation of 3 phosphate solubilizing bacteria of embodiment (SDTB-0043) to ground phosphate rock
The seed liquor for the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) that screening obtains is inoculated according to 5% inoculum concentration containing ground phosphate rock
It selects in culture medium, ground phosphate rock is added culture medium in the form of ground phosphate rock solution in Selective agar medium, in ground phosphate rock solution
Phosphorus ore powder content is 35%, and the additive amount of ground phosphate rock solution is 8 ‰ (mass ratioes) in Selective agar medium；Selective agar medium is except organic
Other compositions are 0.1g NaCl, 0.5g MgSO other than phosphorus the pesticide solution4, 0.3g K2SO4, 0.1gCaCO3, 0.001g FeSO4,
1000mL H2O, pH value are adjusted to 7.2, are placed in that temperature is 37 DEG C, revolving speed is that 48h is vibrated in the environment of 200rpm, using phosphomolybdic acid
Blue laws surveys titanium pigment content in fermentation liquid.
The measuring method of titanium pigment content:
2mL fermentation liquid is drawn under aseptic condition, 4000rpm is centrifuged 10min, draws 1mL supernatant, and dilute 10 times.It inhales
2mL ammonium molybdate solution is added in supernatant after taking 2mL to dilute, mixes, and stands.1mL anhydrous sodium sulfite solution is added, mixes,
Add 1mL quinol solution mixing.Add distilled water to 20mL, mixes, boil 10min.With nonvaccinated after sterilizing
Pikovskaya fluid nutrient medium is control group.With absorbance value of the spectrophotometer sample at 660nm.Utilize phosphorus standard
Curve calculates phosphorus content in sample.Phosphorus content is calculated with formula:
X=m × 10/V
X: phosphorus content in fermentation liquid, mg/mL
M: phosphorus content in the dilution obtained using phosphorus standard curve, mg
V: the volume of the supernatant after the dilution of absorption, mL
The measurement result of phosphomolybdic acid blue laws shows that the phosphorus decomposing amount of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) is 194.37mg/L.
It, can be directly by the phosphorus in ground phosphate rock with the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) of degrading organic phosphor pesticides bacillus breeding
It is changed into water-soluble phosphorus.
The screening of 4 potassium solubilizing bacteria of embodiment
The screening of 1.1 potassium solubilizing bacterias
Screening technique is as follows:
(1) it prepares sample diluting liquid: weighing and take from the acquisition of waste water treatment plant, Huayang Agricultural Chemial Group Co Ltd, Shandong
Activated sludge sample 10g is fitted into the conical flask of 250mL, and appropriate bead and 100mL sterile water is added, is standing and soaking 20min
Afterwards, 200rpm vibrates 30min in constant-temperature table, forms bacteria suspension mother liquor, is then successively diluted with sterile water, obtain 10-5、
10-6、10-7The sample solution of dilution.
(2) inverted plate: 60 DEG C are cooled to after the sterilizing of Alexandria Bao Luofu solid medium, pour plate.
(3) spread plate: 10-5、10-6、10-7The sample solution of dilution respectively draws 100 μ L, is scraped respectively with glass triangle
It is uniform in culture medium coating.
(4) it cultivates: being inverted into 37 DEG C of constant temperature biochemical cultivation cases and train after the plate that coating finishes is sealed with sealed membrane
Support 7d.
(5) primary dcreening operation: the bacterium colony with molten potassium circle is picked out from the Bao Luofu solid medium tablets of Alexandria, is then adopted
It is isolated and purified in the Bao Luofu solid medium of Alexandria with the method for plate streaking, will there is the purifying of molten potassium circle phenomenon
Bacterial strain is inoculated into LB slant medium respectively, 4 DEG C of preservations in refrigerator.
(6) mutagenic and breeding: the bacterium colony with molten potassium circle will be selected, using the method for plate streaking in Alexandria Bao Luofu
In solid medium, 20W ultraviolet lamp is hung on plate, daily irradiation 20 minutes, improve mutagenesis intensity, cultivate 7d.By molten potassium
The most significant strain inoculated of phenomenon is enclosed to LB slant medium, is saved for 4 DEG C in refrigerator.
The colony morphological observation of 1.2 potassium solubilizing bacterias
With oese, each one ring bacterium of picking is inoculated into LB liquid medium from the inclined-plane of preservation, 37 DEG C in shaking table,
200rpm shaken cultivation observes microbial morphology to logarithmic phase under an optical microscope.Then picking fermentation liquid is drawn in LB plate
Line, 37 DEG C of cultures in Yu Hengwen biochemical cultivation case, the feelings such as observation colony shape, gloss, color, size, transparency and chromogenic element
Condition.
Degradation of 1.3 potassium solubilizing bacterias to carbamates chemicals for agriculture such as sevins
The seed liquor for the potassium solubilizing bacteria that screening obtains is inoculated in respectively according to 5% inoculum concentration containing 100mg/L, 200mg/
L, in the LB liquid medium of 400mg/L sevin, 30mL/250mL conical flask is dispensed, is placed in that temperature is 37 DEG C, revolving speed is
72h is vibrated in the environment of 200rpm, observes the upgrowth situation of each bacterial strain；Shaken cultivation 72h, medium centrifugal take supernatant, on
Clear liquid passes through degradation rate of the liquid chromatogram measuring potassium solubilizing bacteria to carbamates chemicals for agriculture such as sevins, determination condition: chromatographic column
For WondaSil C18 column (150mm × 4.60mm, 5.0 μm)；Mobile phase is acetonitrile: water (85:15, V/V), flow velocity 0.5mL/
min；UV detector, wavelength 220nm；10 μ L of sample volume.
2. the selection result of potassium solubilizing bacteria
4 plants of potassium solubilizing bacterias are filtered out altogether by primary dcreening operation and ultraviolet mutagenesis, by measuring to the carbamates agriculture such as sevin
The degradation rate of medicine selects potassium decomposing effect preferably and the highest bacterial strain of degradation efficiency, is named as potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052), liquid phase
Chromatographic determination the result shows that, potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) is 84.3% to carbamates chemicals for agriculture such as sevins.
Screening the colony diameter that obtained potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) is formed on LB culture medium is about 1-2mm, and bacterium colony is
Round, white, opaque, center projections, rough surface.And the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) for obtaining screening entrusts Hua Da base
Because company carries out gene sequencing.The 16SrDNA sequence of the bacterium is submitted in GENBANK database and carries out BLAST comparison point
Analysis, analysis the result shows that, the gene order very high homology of the strain sequence and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, homology is up to 99%.
Combining form and 16SrDNA sequencing result, the potassium solubilizing bacteria that screening is obtained are named as SDTB-0052, classification life
Entitled bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) are preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation management committee
Member's meeting common micro-organisms center, preservation address is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, and the deposit date is in April, 2019
26, deposit number was CGMCC NO.17639.
Degradation of 5 potassium solubilizing bacteria of embodiment (SDTB-0052) to feldspar in powder
The seed liquor for the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) that screening obtains is inoculated in K-feldspar powder according to 5% inoculum concentration
LB liquid medium in, in LB liquid medium the additive amount of feldspar in powder be 400mg/L, be placed in temperature be 37 DEG C, revolving speed
To vibrate 72h in the environment of 200rpm, culture solution 4000rpm is centrifuged 10min, takes supernatant flame spectrophotometer (rib light
FP6410 formula) measure Content of soluble potassium in fermentation liquid.
Flame spectrophotometer measurement result shows that potassium decomposing amount is 41.45mg/L.
It, can be by feldspar in powder with the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) of the bacillus breeding of degradation carbamate chemicals for agriculture
In potassium become water-soluble potassium.
Embodiment 6 is a kind of to have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing
Special fertilizer for fruit trees in the present embodiment includes function bacterium, root growth activator and mixed mineral particulate vector；
Function bacterium and root growth activator are adsorbed in the mixed mineral particulate vector, and function bacterium includes ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria
SDTB-0035, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0043 and potassium solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0052, root growth activator are ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide；
The mixed mineral particulate vector includes each component of following parts by weight: 40kg humic acid, 10kg ground phosphate rock, 10kg
Potassium feldspar, 3kg borax, 3kg magnesium silicate, 20kg gangue, 12.8kg clay and 1kg trapping agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose；Spirit
The dosage of sesame polysaccharide is 0.2kg.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of special fertilizer for fruit trees, comprising the following steps:
The preparation of A mixed mineral particulate vector
(1) by 40kg humic acid, 10kg ground phosphate rock, 10kg potassium feldspar, 3kg borax, 3kg magnesium silicate, 20kg gangue with
And 12.8kg clay carries out being crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, forms natural mixed mineral powder；
(2) 1kg hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution is configured to the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose water that mass concentration is 5%
Solution；
By in natural mixed mineral powder input mixer, it is fine that the hydroxypropyl methyl that mass concentration is 5% is sprayed under stiring
Plain aqueous solution is tieed up, by mineral powder body material (including humic acid, ground phosphate rock, potassium feldspar, borax, magnesium silicate, gangue and clay)
Capture；
(3) mineral material after capturing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer granulation, and by mixed mineral
Grain dryness finalization, quenching to room temperature at 150 DEG C, are made the mixed mineral containing various nutrient elements and porous structure
Grain.
The preparation of B ultrasound high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium SDTB-0035, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0043 and potassium solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0052
Culture medium: starch 100g/L, beancake powder 100g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g/L, ammonium sulfate 1g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.5g/
L, chlorination 0.01g/L, calcium carbonate 0.1g/L, yeast extract 0.1g/L, pH7.2.
Respectively by ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria SDTB-0035, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0043 and potassium solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0052 actication of culture
It accesses in the above-mentioned culture medium of 1L afterwards, triangular flask shaking flask 200rpm, 37 DEG C are cultivated 24 hours, are then inoculated by 1% inoculum concentration
In 250L seed fermentation tank, ventilation, 37 DEG C are cultivated 24 hours, then are connected in 2500L fermentor by 10% inoculum concentration, 37 DEG C of cultures
24 hours, stops fermentation after 80% thallus generates gemma, obtain fermentation liquid；According to 100L fermentation liquid production 1000kg bacterial manure
Ratio determines the volume of fermentation liquid.
The preparation of C special fertilizer for fruit trees
0.2kg ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is dissolved in water, then with ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria SDTB-0035, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0043 and potassium decomposing
The fermentation liquid of bacterium SDTB-0052 is uniformly mixed, and the mass ratio according to bacterium solution and mixed mineral particulate vector containing ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is
1:10 is sprayed mixed mineral particulate vector, makes ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria SDTB-0035, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0043 and potassium decomposing
Bacterium SDTB-0052 thallus and ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide are adsorbed in mixed mineral particulate vector, obtain having effects that fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium
Special fertilizer for fruit trees.
Embodiment 7 is a kind of to have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 6 be, the formula of mixed mineral particulate vector are as follows: 45kg humic acid, 15kg
Ground phosphate rock, 15kg potassium feldspar, 3kg borax, 3kg magnesium silicate, 10kg gangue and 7.9kg clay, the dosage of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide are
0.1kg；Step (3) is also different, specifically, the mineral material after (3) capture hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer
Be granulated, and by mixed mineral particle at 200 DEG C dryness finalization, quenching to room temperature, be made containing various nutrient elements and more
The mixed mineral particle of pore structure；Remaining step is same as Example 6.
Embodiment 8 is a kind of to have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 6 be, the formula of mixed mineral particulate vector are as follows: 35kg humic acid, 10kg
Ground phosphate rock, 10kg potassium feldspar, 5kg borax, 5kg magnesium silicate, 20kg gangue and 13.5kg clay, the dosage of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide are
0.5kg；Step (3) is also different, specifically, the mineral material after (3) capture hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer
Be granulated, and by mixed mineral particle at 180 DEG C dryness finalization, quenching to room temperature, be made containing various nutrient elements and more
The mixed mineral particle of pore structure；Remaining step is same as Example 6.
The application with fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing prepared by embodiment 6-8 surrounds trunk
30 centimetres or so place's trench diggings or multiple spot open cave within tree crown drip, see tree root and apply fruit-specific fertilizer again, then bury soil,
It sprinkles profoundly water, dose is the 10% of fruits output.
Administration time is the fruit expanding stage newly tied after fruit harvests to second year, is often only 1 fruit-specific fertilizer of application
Material, and sprinkle profoundly water in time, whole year does not use any fertilizer.
Test case:
The present inventor is often invited to all parts of the country and investigates and give training to local technical staff, In
During this, fruit-specific fertilizer of the invention is tested on representative fruit tree, test result is as follows:
1 present invention of example irrigates application attestation on mandarin orange in Guangxi Wuming County, and 5 kilograms every plant are pressed after fruit picking, is prepared by embodiment 6
Have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing ring impose on root, irrigate mandarin orange tree vigo(u)r robust growth, per plant amount
50 kilograms~60 kilograms, volume increase 15%~30%, fruit pol is up to 17.5%, and soluble solid 15.2%, moisture is sufficient, fragrant
Taste is dense, in good taste, and fruit face is bright, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, and commodity value is high.
2 present invention application attestation on the granulated sugar tangerine of Guilin of example, pressed 6 kilograms every plant, embodiment 6 is made on May 20
Standby has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing ring impose on root, granulated sugar tangerine gesture robust growth, single plant knot
70 kilograms of fruit amount or so, volume increase 25% or so, fruit pol is up to 21.3%, and soluble solid 14.9%, moisture is sufficient, fragrance
Dense, in good taste, fruit face is bright, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, and commodity value is high.
3 present invention application attestation on the Nanfeng County south jiangxi navel orange of Jiangxi of example, March 12 pressed 6 kilograms every plant, by embodiment
Have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of the potassium decomposing ring of 6 preparations impose on root, south jiangxi navel orange tree vigo(u)r robust growth,
65 kilograms of per plant amount or so, fruit pol is up to 16.8%, and soluble solid 15.2%, moisture is sufficient, thick flavor, mouthfeel
Good, fruit face is bright, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, and commodity value is high.
Example 4 2017 years and 2018, present invention application attestation on Fuyang, Zhejiang area grape, March 5 pressed every plant 2.5
Kilogram, have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing ring impose on root, grape tree vigo(u)r for prepared by embodiment 7
Robust growth, 8652 kilograms of result quantities or so per acre, volume increase 30% or so, fruit pol is up to 19.4%, soluble solid
13.2%, moisture is sufficient, and thick flavor is in good taste, and fruit face is bright, shelf-stable, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, and commodity value is high.
Example 5 2016 years, 2017 and 2018, the present invention applied for continuous 3 years on Haiyang Shandong county red fuji apple
It proves, (November 2) presses 6 kilograms every plant after fruit picking upper one year, has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and potassium decomposing for prepared by embodiment 7
Special fertilizer for fruit trees ring impose on root, apple tree vigo(u)r robust growth, 9387 kilograms of result quantities or so per acre, volume increase 28% is left
The right side, fruit pol is up to 18.2%, and soluble solid 16.3%, moisture is sufficient, and thick flavor is in good taste, and fruit face is bright, in fruit
Non agricultural chemical residuum, commodity value are high.
Example 6 2017 years and 2018, the present invention continuous 2 years application attestations on the peach of Shandong Feicheng were adopted upper one year
(October 16) presses 5 kilograms every plant after fruit, has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fruit-specific fertilizer of potassium decomposing for prepared by embodiment 7
Material ring imposes on root, and peach gesture robust growth, 7582 kilograms of result quantities or so per acre, volume increase 32% or so, fruit pol reaches
17.8%, soluble solid 14.7%, moisture is sufficient, and thick flavor is in good taste, and fruit face is bright, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, quotient
Product value is high.
7 present invention application attestation on the pear tree of Shandong Yanggu County of example, (October 25) is public by every plant 6 after fruit picking upper one year
Jin has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the special fertilizer for fruit trees of potassium decomposing ring impose on root, the growth of pear tree gesture for prepared by embodiment 8
Stalwartness, 8864 kilograms of result quantities or so per acre, fruit pol is up to 18.1%, and soluble solid 13.9%, moisture is sufficient, fragrance
Dense, in good taste, fruit face is bright, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, and commodity value is high.
Example 8 2017 years and 2018, the present invention continuous 2 years application attestations, upper one year on Yiyuan county Kiwi berry
(October 30) presses 5 kilograms every plant after fruit picking, has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fruit tree of potassium decomposing are dedicated for prepared by embodiment 8
Fertilizer ring imposes on root, and Kiwi berry tree vigo(u)r robust growth, increases production 30% or so, fruit sugar by 6382 kilograms of result quantities or so per acre
Degree is up to 16.9%, and soluble solid 17.4%, moisture is sufficient, and thick flavor is in good taste, and fruit face is bright, residual without pesticide in fruit
It stays, commodity value is high.
The present invention by by group be divided into 20-40 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5-10 parts of potassium feldspars, 3-5 parts of boraxs,
3-5 parts of magnesium silicates, 5-20 parts of gangues and 5-20 parts of clays carry out being crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural mixed mineral
Powder；It is another to contain 0.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl celluloses for trapping agent, these mixed mineral powder are captured with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,
It is granulated high temperature drying sizing, obtains the mixed mineral particle with porous structure.It is adsorbed on above-mentioned mixed mineral particulate vector
Function bacterium and root growth activator, function bacterium include: with the ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria (SDTB- of Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacillus breeding
0035), fixed nitrogen level improves 70.48 times compared with Natural strains；With the phosphate solubilizing bacteria of degrading organic phosphor pesticides bacillus breeding
(SDTB-0043), the phosphorus in ground phosphate rock directly can be changed into water-soluble phosphorus；With the bacillus of degradation carbamate chemicals for agriculture
Potassium in the potassium breezes such as potassium feldspar can be become water-soluble potassium by the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) of breeding；Root growth activator is
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.
With natural minerals materials such as humic acid, mixed mineral powder and clays, it is granulated after being captured with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
At mixed mineral particulate vector, function bacterium and root growth activator ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, which are adsorbed in the carrier of porous structure, to be become
Characteristic natural green fertilizer without synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound (chemical fertilizer).The fertilizer can according to fruit tree to nitrogen,
The nutrient demands such as phosphorus, potassium obtain nitrogen, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) by ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria (SDTB-0035) from atmosphere
Speed is dissociateed from the miberal powder of the minerals and addition that are rich in mixed mineral particle and soil with potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052)
Imitate phosphorus and available potassium.Meanwhile phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0043) and potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0052) can also be by mixed mineral particle and corruption
Other mineral elements grown in the organic matter carriers and soil such as acid are converted into the hydrotrope, are absorbed and utilized, provide conducive to fruit tree root system
Middle microelement meets the nutrition supply of fruit tree and crops comprehensively.The product can substitute ammonia, phosphorus compound completely
With potassium compound (chemical fertilizer), organic fertilizer and all fertilizer, moreover, the porous structure that the mixed mineral particle has can guarantee soil
Earth it is loose, maintain the circulation of air, be not only able to satisfy Production of fruit to the needs of nutrient, nutrition supply is balanced persistently, moreover it is possible to excellent
Matter high yield, improvement soil, it is environmental-friendly, realize the sustainable production of fancy fruit.
It should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: the discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under thinking of the invention, above embodiments
Or it can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, and there is being permitted for different aspect of the invention as above
Mostly other variations, for simplicity, they are not provided in details.Therefore, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, done
Any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a special fertilizer for fruit trees, which is characterized in that carried including function bacterium, root growth activator and mixed mineral particle
Body；The function bacterium and root growth activator are adsorbed in the mixed mineral particulate vector, and the function bacterium includes superelevation
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria are imitated, the root growth activator is ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide；
The ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria, are named as SDTB-0035, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17635；
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria, is named as SDTB-0043, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17637；
The potassium solubilizing bacteria, is named as SDTB-0052, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17639；
The mixed mineral particulate vector includes each component of following parts by weight: 20-50 parts of humic acid, 5-15 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5-
15 parts of potassium feldspars, 3-5 parts of boraxs, 3-5 parts of magnesium silicates, 5-20 parts of gangues, 5-20 parts of clays and 0.5-2 parts of trapping agent hydroxypropyls
Methylcellulose；The dosage of the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is 0.02-0.5 parts.
2. special fertilizer for fruit trees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation side of the mixed mineral particulate vector
Method includes the following steps:
(a) by 20-50 parts of humic acid, 5-15 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5-15 parts of potassium feldspars, 3-5 parts of boraxs, 3-5 parts of magnesium silicates, 5-20 parts
Gangue and 5-20 parts of clays are crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural mixed mineral powder；
(b) 0.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl celluloses are configured to the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution that mass concentration is 5%；
In natural mixed mineral powder input mixer, 5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution is sprayed under stiring, by mineral
Powder body material capture；
(c) the mineral powder body material after capturing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer granulation, and by mixed mineral
For grain in 150-200 DEG C of dryness finalization, the mixed mineral containing various nutrient elements and porous structure is made in quenching to room temperature
Grain carrier.
3. a kind of preparation method of special fertilizer for fruit trees as described in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) humic acid, ground phosphate rock, potassium feldspar, borax, magnesium silicate, gangue, clay and trapping agent hydroxypropyl methyl fiber are used
Element is raw material, prepares mixed mineral particulate vector；
(2) ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria are inoculated in first cell culture medium respectively to cultivate, obtain level-one bacterium
Kind；
First class inoculum is inoculated in secondary medium respectively to cultivate, obtains second class inoculum；
Second class inoculum is inoculated in fermentation medium respectively to cultivate, obtains bacterium containing high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria
Fermentation liquid；
(3) ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is dissolved in water, then is uniformly mixed with the fermentation liquid of nitrogen-fixing bacteria containing ultra high efficiency, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, it is right
Mixed mineral particulate vector is sprayed, and keeps ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria thallus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria thallus and potassium solubilizing bacteria thallus and ganoderma lucidum more
Sugar is adsorbed in mixed mineral particulate vector, obtains the special fertilizer for fruit trees with fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium.
4. a kind of application of special fertilizer for fruit trees as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that around trunk in tree crown drip
Within 30 centimetres or so places trench digging or multiple spot open cave, see tree root and apply special fertilizer for fruit trees again, then bury soil, sprinkle profoundly water i.e.
Can, dose is the 10% of fruits output.
5. the application of special fertilizer for fruit trees according to claim 4, which is characterized in that administration time be fruit harvesting after extremely
The fruit expanding stage that second year is newly tied often is only 1 special fertilizer for fruit trees of application, and is sprinkled profoundly water in time.
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| CN113956101A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-01-21 | 南京沃优生物肥业有限公司 | Soil improvement microbial agent and preparation method thereof |
| NL2032080B1 (en) * | 2022-06-05 | 2023-03-20 | Shandong Huitaihua Biotechnology Co Ltd | Natural bio-organic fertilizer for providing full nutrition elements for plants and application thereof |
| NL2036234B1 (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-07-08 | Shengdao Agricultural Ind Group Co Ltd | Quasi-organic planting method for crops |
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| CN113956101A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-01-21 | 南京沃优生物肥业有限公司 | Soil improvement microbial agent and preparation method thereof |
| NL2032080B1 (en) * | 2022-06-05 | 2023-03-20 | Shandong Huitaihua Biotechnology Co Ltd | Natural bio-organic fertilizer for providing full nutrition elements for plants and application thereof |
| NL2036234B1 (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-07-08 | Shengdao Agricultural Ind Group Co Ltd | Quasi-organic planting method for crops |
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