CN110417268B - Vehicle-mounted charger and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted charger and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110417268B CN110417268B CN201810386545.9A CN201810386545A CN110417268B CN 110417268 B CN110417268 B CN 110417268B CN 201810386545 A CN201810386545 A CN 201810386545A CN 110417268 B CN110417268 B CN 110417268B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4233—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted charger and an electric vehicle, wherein the vehicle-mounted charger comprises a PFC (Power factor correction) module, a bidirectional DCDC (direct current-direct current) module and a control module, the PFC module comprises a PFC unit, a rectifying unit and a switch unit, and the rectifying unit is used for rectifying alternating current input by an external power supply; the PFC unit is used for carrying out power factor correction on the input electric signal and outputting a current signal after the power factor correction; the switch unit is used for controlling the rectification unit to be switched on or short-circuited; the bidirectional DCDC module is used for performing direct current conversion on the current signal subjected to power factor correction during charging or performing direct current conversion on an output signal of the battery module during discharging; the control module is used for controlling the switch unit to be switched off to enable the rectifying unit to be switched on during charging or controlling the switch unit to be switched on to enable the rectifying unit to be in short circuit during discharging. The switching of the circuit topology can be realized, the cost is reduced, the loss is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted charger and an electric vehicle with the same.
Background
With the continuous development of electric vehicles, the capacity of a battery module of the electric vehicle is larger and larger. In order to save the charging and discharging time, a large-capacity battery pack needs a bidirectional vehicle-mounted charger (hereinafter referred to as a vehicle-mounted charger) with higher power. The power grade of a mainstream vehicle-mounted charger in the industry at present is single-phase 3.3KW/6.6 KW.
The main Power topology of the vehicle-mounted charger generally comprises a PFC (Power Factor Correction) part and a bidirectional DCDC part, and the PFC plays a role in correcting the Power Factor; the bidirectional DC/DC realizes energy controllable isolation transmission. With increasing power, especially at 6.6KW power levels, the current stress of the electronic device is greater due to the larger input current. And because the PFC generally works in a hard switching mode due to the problem of a circuit topology principle, the switching loss is large, and the thermal effect of a PFC switching tube is further intensified. In order to alleviate the loss of the switching tube, the high-power vehicle-mounted charger generally adopts a staggered PFC circuit topology, current stress is uniformly distributed in a staggered mode, and the heat loss of the single switching tube is reduced, wherein a typical staggered PFC circuit is shown in fig. 1. Although fig. 1 can reduce the current stress of the switching tube in an interleaving manner, the greatest disadvantage is that the topology can only work in a forward charging mode, and the topology is not suitable for a vehicle-mounted charger requiring bidirectional charging and discharging.
In order to solve the problem of forward and reverse charging and discharging, in the related art, a bridgeless PFC capable of operating in a bidirectional mode is adopted, and a typical bridgeless PFC topology is shown in fig. 2. Fig. 2 compares to fig. 1, the PFC freewheeling diode D is replaced by a switching tube Q and the rectifier bridge is removed, making the circuit operable for either forward charging or reverse discharging. However, with the bridgeless PFC topology, because the input current of the high-power vehicle-mounted charger is large, and the PFC works in a hard switching state, the PFC switching tube bears a large current stress and heat loss, and to relieve the stress, the switching tube needs to be associated, so that the bridgeless PFC topology occupies a larger volume and consumes a larger cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted charger, which can realize bidirectional charging and discharging and has low cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle, which includes the above vehicle-mounted charger.
In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle-mounted charger according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes: the PFC module comprises a PFC unit, a rectifying unit and a switching unit, wherein the rectifying unit is used for rectifying the alternating current input by the external power supply; the PFC unit is used for carrying out power factor correction on an input electric signal and outputting a current signal after the power factor correction; the switch unit is used for controlling the state of the rectifying unit connected between the external power supply and the PFC unit; a bidirectional DCDC module for performing dc conversion on the current signal after the power factor correction when an external power supply charges a battery module of a vehicle, or for performing dc conversion on an output signal of the battery module when the battery module discharges an external load; a control module for controlling the switching unit to be turned off so that the rectifying unit is turned on when an external power supply charges a battery module of a vehicle, or controlling the switching unit to be turned on so that the rectifying unit is short-circuited when the battery module discharges an external load.
According to the vehicle-mounted charger provided by the embodiment of the invention, the switch unit is arranged, and the PFC topological structure is switched during charging and discharging, so that not only can bidirectional charging and discharging control be realized, but also the PFC efficiency can be improved, and the cost is low.
In order to achieve the above object, an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the vehicle-mounted charger.
According to the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the vehicle-mounted charger in the embodiment of the invention, the switching of the circuit topology structure can be realized according to the charging and discharging requirements, the energy consumption of the switching tube is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical bridged interleaved PFC circuit topology in the related art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical bridgeless interleaved PFC circuit topology in the related art;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit topology of a vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit topology during charging for the vehicle-mounted charger of FIG. 4, according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit topology upon discharge for the vehicle-mounted charger of FIG. 4, according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a circuit topology of a vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit topology during charging for the vehicle charger of FIG. 7, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit topology upon discharge for the vehicle charger of FIG. 7, according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a block diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Considering that, although the bidirectional vehicle-mounted charger can work in the bidirectional charging and discharging mode, through analysis, the bidirectional vehicle-mounted charger actually works in the forward charging mode for more than 95% of the time; the rest 5% of the time is in a discharging state, the discharging load is mostly common household appliances, and the required power is very small. Namely, the vehicle-mounted charger needs high power as the main requirement of a positive charging mode; the back discharge is an auxiliary requirement and the power requirement is small.
Based on the above consideration, the embodiment of the invention provides a novel vehicle-mounted charger topological structure, which can realize the switching between a bridgeless staggered PFC charging mode and a bridgeless PFC bidirectional charging mode.
The following describes a vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the vehicle-mounted charger 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a PFC module 10, a bidirectional DCDC module 20, and a control module 30, where the PFC module 10 includes a PFC unit 11, a rectification unit 12, and a switching unit 13.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the rectifying unit 12 is used for rectifying the alternating current input by the external power supply; the PFC unit 11 is configured to perform power factor correction on an input signal and output a current signal after the power factor correction; the switching unit 13 is configured to control the switching on or short-circuiting of the rectifying unit 12, that is, switching of the PFC module 10 between a bridge PFC topology and a bridgeless PFC topology can be achieved, where when the rectifying unit 12 is switched in, the PFC unit 11 performs power factor correction on the input rectified direct current, and otherwise, the PFC unit is directly connected to an external power supply to perform power factor correction on an input electrical signal of the external power supply.
The bidirectional DCDC module 20 is used to perform dc conversion on a current signal after power factor correction when an external power supply charges a battery module of a vehicle, or is used to perform dc conversion on an output signal of the battery module when the battery module discharges an external load, and thus bidirectional energy transmission can be achieved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the input terminal of the rectifying unit 12 is connected to an external power source, such as a power grid, the output terminal of the rectifying unit 12 is connected to the PFC unit, the switching unit 13 is connected in parallel with the rectifying unit 12, that is, the switching unit 13 is connected to the external power source and the PFC unit, respectively, and the bidirectional DCDC module 20 is connected to the PFC module 10 and the battery module of the vehicle, respectively.
The control module 30 is connected to a control terminal of the switching unit 13, and is configured to control the switching unit 13 to be turned off to turn on the rectifying unit 12 when the external power source charges the battery module of the vehicle, or to control the switching unit 13 to be turned on to short-circuit the rectifying unit when the battery module discharges the external load.
Specifically, the switch unit 13 may be in an open state and a closed state, and when the switch unit 13 is in the open state, the external power source may convert the external input electric energy into the electric energy required by the battery module through the rectification unit 12, the PFC unit and the bidirectional DCDC module 20, so as to charge the battery module, which is equivalent to that the interleaved PFC including the rectification unit 12 shown in fig. 1 is used to charge the battery module. When the switch unit 13 is in a closed state, the external power supply is directly connected to the PFC unit 11, which is equivalent to cutting off the rectifier unit 12, and the bridgeless staggered PFC shown in fig. 2 is used to realize charging and discharging.
According to the vehicle-mounted charger 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the switch unit 13 is arranged, the switch state of the switch unit 13 is controlled according to the charge and discharge command, the switching of the PFC topological structure is realized when the battery module is charged and discharged, and the bidirectional charge and discharge can be realized and the PFC efficiency can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the control module 30 is specifically configured to control the switch unit 13 to be in an off state when detecting a command to charge the battery module, that is, the circuit topology of the PFC module 10 is equivalent to a bridged interleaved PFC circuit. The positive charging works in a bridge staggered PFC mode, the current stress of the switching tubes is halved, the switching tubes with smaller specifications or fewer switching tubes can be selected, and the product volume and the cost are saved.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the control module 30 is specifically configured to, when controlling the switch unit 13, control the switch unit 13 to be in a closed state when detecting a command to discharge the battery module, which is equivalent to cutting off the filtering unit 12, that is, the circuit topology of the PFC module 10 is equivalent to a bridgeless staggered PFC circuit. The reverse discharge works in a bridgeless PFC mode, and because the reverse discharge works in a light load mode in most discharge time, the switching tubes with smaller specifications or smaller quantity are beneficial to reducing driving and switching losses, and the product efficiency is further improved.
The topological structure of each module of the vehicle-mounted charger 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is further described below.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the rectifying unit 12 of embodiments of the present invention includes four diodes, for example, the diode includes a first diode, a second diode, a third diode and a fourth diode, one end of the first diode is connected to one end of the second diode, a first node D1 is provided between one end of the first diode and one end of the second diode, the first node D1 is connected to one end of an external power source, one end of the third diode is connected to one end of the fourth diode, a second node D2 is provided between one end of the third diode and one end of the fourth diode, the second node D2 is connected to the other end of the external power source, the other end of the first diode and the other end of the third diode are connected together to form a first output terminal a1, and the other end of the second diode and the other end of the fourth diode are connected together to form a second output terminal B2.
In some embodiments, the switch unit 13 of the present invention may adopt a single pole double throw (spdt) switching mode, for example, as shown in fig. 4, the switch unit 13 includes a first relay K1 and a second relay K2.
A first fixed contact 1 of the first relay K1 is connected with one end of an external power supply, a second fixed contact 2 of the first relay K1 is connected with a second output end B2, a movable contact 3 of the first relay K1 is connected with the PFC unit 11, and a control end, such as a control coil, of the first relay K1 is connected with the control module 30; the first stationary contact 1 of the second relay K2 is connected to the other end of the external power supply, the second stationary contact 2 of the second relay K2 is connected to the second output terminal B2, the movable contact 3 of the second relay K2 is connected to the PFC unit 11, and the control terminal, e.g., the control coil, of the second relay K2 is connected to the control module 30.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the PFC unit 11 includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, and a first capacitor C1.
One end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the moving contact 3 of the first relay K1, and one end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the moving contact 3 of the second relay K2; a first end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to a first end of the second switching tube Q2, a first end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to a first end of the second switching tube Q2 by a third node D3, a third node D3 is connected to the other end of the first inductor L1, a first end of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to a first end of the fourth switching tube Q4, a fourth node D4 is arranged between a first end of the third switching tube Q3 and a first end of the fourth switching tube Q4, the fourth node D4 is connected to the other end of the second inductor L2, a second end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to a second end of the third switching tube Q3 to form a fifth node D5, and a second end of the second switching tube Q2 is connected to a second end of the fourth switching tube Q4 and then connected to a first output terminal a1 of the filter unit 12; one terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the fifth node D5, and the other terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first output terminal a1 of the filter unit 12.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the bidirectional DCDC module 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a fifth switching tube Q5, a sixth switching tube Q6, a seventh switching tube Q7, an eighth switching tube Q8, a ninth switching tube Q9, a tenth switching tube Q10, an eleventh switching tube Q11, a twelfth switching tube Q12, a voltage transforming unit T1, and a second capacitor C2.
A first end of the fifth switching tube Q5 is connected to a first end of the sixth switching tube Q6, a sixth node D6 is provided between the first end of the fifth switching tube Q5 and the first end of the sixth switching tube Q6, a first end of the seventh switching tube Q7 is connected to a first end of the eighth switching tube Q8, a seventh node D7 is provided between the first end of the seventh switching tube Q7 and the first end of the eighth switching tube Q8, a second end of the fifth switching tube Q5 is connected to the fifth node D5 after being connected to the second end of the seventh switching tube Q7, and a second end of the sixth switching tube Q6 is connected to the first output end a1 of the filter unit 12 after being connected to the second end of the eighth switching tube Q8.
A first end of the ninth switching tube Q9 is connected to a first end of the tenth switching tube Q10, a first end of the ninth switching tube Q9 is connected to a first end of the tenth switching tube Q10 through an eighth node D8, a first end of the eleventh switching tube Q11 is connected to a first end of the twelfth switching tube Q12, a first end of the eleventh switching tube Q11 is connected to a first end of the twelfth switching tube Q12 through a ninth node D9, a second end of the ninth switching tube Q9 is connected to a second end of the eleventh switching tube Q11 and then to one end of the battery module, and a second end of the tenth switching tube Q10 is connected to a second end of the twelfth switching tube Q12 and then to the other end of the battery module.
The transformation unit T1 includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, the first end of the primary winding is connected to the sixth node D6, the second end of the primary winding is connected to the seventh node D7, the first end of the secondary winding is connected to the eighth node D8, the second end of the secondary winding is connected to the ninth node D9, and the transformation unit T1, such as a transformer, can implement energy controllable isolation transmission.
One end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with one end of the battery module, the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the other end of the battery module, and the second capacitor C2 can realize filtering of output current and guarantee stable output.
Taking the topology shown in fig. 4 as an example, during the charge and discharge control, the control module 30 controls the switch unit 13 according to the charge and discharge command, when an external power supply charges a battery module of a vehicle, the movable contact 3 of the first relay K1 is connected with the second fixed contact 2 of the first relay K1, the movable contact 3 of the second relay K2 is connected with the second fixed contact 2 of the second relay K2, and the equivalent circuit topology structure is shown in figure 5, the movable contacts of the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are in a normally closed state in figure 4, the circuit topology is equivalent to a bridge interleaving PFC circuit, and based on the advantages of the bridge interleaving PFC circuit, during charging control, the current stress of the switching tubes is reduced by half, so that the PFC module 10 of the present application can select switching tubes with smaller specifications or fewer switching tubes, reduce the volume of the vehicle-mounted charger 100, and reduce the cost.
When the battery module discharges an external load, the control module 30 controls the movable contact 3 of the first relay K1 to be connected with the first fixed contact 1 of the first relay K1, controls the movable contact 3 of the second relay K2 to be connected with the first fixed contact 1 of the second relay K2, and the equivalent circuit topology structure is shown in fig. 6, the movable contacts of the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are in an open state of fig. 4, that is, the contact cuts off the filter unit 12 and is directly connected with an external power supply such as a power grid, the circuit topology is equivalent to a bridgeless staggered PFC circuit, that is, the vehicle-mounted charger 100 works in a bridgeless PFC mode during reverse discharge, and since most of discharge time works in a light-load mode, the vehicle-mounted charger can select a smaller specification or a smaller number of switching tubes, which is favorable for reducing driving and switching losses, and further improves overall efficiency.
The following description will take charge and discharge control of a 6.6KW vehicle-mounted charger as an example.
As described in the foregoing embodiments, based on the charge and discharge control of the vehicle-mounted charger 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention, a smaller specification or a smaller number of switching tubes may be selected, in this embodiment, if the single-phase input of the 6.6KW vehicle-mounted charger is 6.6KW, each phase current I is 6600/(220) 30A, the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 both use a 35A relay, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 with inductance of 180uH are selected, and the PFC unit 11 uses a 650V/30A silicon carbide MOS transistor. After the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are switched, the circuit is changed into an interleaving mode, each phase current is half of the phase current, namely 15A, MOS tube current generally needs 2 times derating, so that a 30A MOS tube is selected, PFC output voltage is generally 400V, voltage stress needs 1.5 times derating, a 600V MOS tube is selected, 650V MOS tube pins are generally used in the industry, and 650V/30A MOS tubes are selected. The circuit topology of the vehicle-mounted charger 100 is shown in fig. 7.
During forward charging control, the control coils of the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are powered off, the contacts are in a normally closed state as shown in fig. 7, the circuit topology is equivalent to a bridged interleaved PFC circuit at the moment, as shown in fig. 8, forward charging works in a bridged interleaved PFC mode, and loss of a switching tube can be relieved.
During reverse discharge, the control coils of the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 are energized, the contacts are in an off state as shown in fig. 7, that is, the contacts cut off the rectifying unit 12 and are directly connected with an external power supply such as a power grid, at this time, the circuit topology is equivalent to a bridgeless staggered PFC circuit, as shown in fig. 9, since the vehicle-mounted charger 100 is in a discharge state for a short time and the power requirement during discharge control is small, the switching tubes do not need to be connected in parallel, and the switching tubes with smaller specifications are used, which is beneficial to reducing driving and switching losses and improving efficiency.
In summary, the vehicle-mounted charger 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, by adding the switch unit 12, realizes switching of the circuit topology during charging and discharging, and when charging is performed in the forward direction, the vehicle-mounted charger 100 works in the bridge-interleaved PFC topology, and when charging is performed in the reverse direction, the vehicle-mounted charger 100 works in the bridge-free PFC topology, so that a smaller size or a smaller number of switching tubes can be selected, the size and the cost are reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the switching loss and improving the overall efficiency.
Based on the vehicle-mounted charger of the embodiment of the aspect described above, an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the invention is described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 10, an electric vehicle 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the vehicle-mounted charger 100 according to the above embodiment, and the vehicle-mounted charger 100 may implement charge and discharge control on a battery module of the vehicle.
According to the electric vehicle 1000 of the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the vehicle-mounted charger 100 of the embodiment of the invention, the switching of the circuit topology structure can be realized according to the charging and discharging requirements, so that the reduction of the energy consumption of the switching tube is facilitated, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted charger which characterized in that includes:
a PFC module including a PFC unit, a rectifying unit, and a switching unit, wherein,
the rectifying unit is used for rectifying alternating current input by an external power supply;
the PFC unit is used for carrying out power factor correction on an input electric signal and outputting a current signal after the power factor correction;
the switch unit is used for controlling the rectification unit to be switched on or short-circuited;
a bidirectional DCDC module for performing dc conversion on the current signal after the power factor correction when an external power supply charges a battery module of a vehicle, or for performing dc conversion on an output signal of the battery module when the battery module discharges an external load;
a control module for controlling the switching unit to be turned off so that the rectifying unit is turned on when an external power supply charges a battery module of a vehicle, or to be turned on so that the rectifying unit is short-circuited when the battery module discharges an external load;
the input end of the rectifying unit is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the rectifying unit is connected with the PFC unit, and the switching unit is connected with the rectifying unit in parallel;
wherein the rectifying unit includes:
the power supply comprises a first diode, a second diode, a third diode and a fourth diode, wherein one end of the first diode is connected with one end of the second diode, a first node is arranged between one end of the first diode and one end of the second diode and is connected with one end of the external power supply, one end of the third diode is connected with one end of the fourth diode, a second node is arranged between one end of the third diode and one end of the fourth diode and is connected with the other end of the external power supply, the other end of the first diode is connected with the other end of the third diode to form a first output end, and the other end of the second diode is connected with the other end of the fourth diode to form a second output end;
the switching unit includes:
a first static contact of the first relay is connected with one end of the external power supply, a second static contact of the first relay is connected with the second output end, a movable contact of the first relay is connected with the PFC unit, and a control end of the first relay is connected with the control module;
and a first fixed contact of the second relay is connected with the other end of the external power supply, a second fixed contact of the second relay is connected with the second output end, a movable contact of the second relay is connected with the PFC unit, and a control end of the second relay is connected with the control module.
2. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, wherein the control module is specifically configured to control the movable contact of the first relay to be connected to the second stationary contact of the first relay and the movable contact of the second relay to be connected to the second stationary contact of the second relay when the external power source charges the battery module of the vehicle when controlling the switch unit.
3. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, wherein the control module is specifically configured to control the movable contact of the first relay to be connected to the first stationary contact of the first relay and the movable contact of the second relay to be connected to the first stationary contact of the second relay when the battery module discharges to an external load when controlling the switch unit.
4. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, characterized in that the PFC unit comprises:
one end of the first inductor is connected with the movable contact of the first relay, and one end of the second inductor is connected with the movable contact of the second relay;
a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube and a fourth switch tube, wherein the first end of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the second switch tube, a third node is arranged between the first end of the first switch tube and the first end of the second switch tube, the third node is connected with the other end of the first inductor, the first end of the third switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube, a fourth node is arranged between the first end of the third switching tube and the first end of the fourth switching tube, the fourth node is connected with the other end of the second inductor, the second end of the first switching tube and the second end of the third switching tube are connected together to form a fifth node, the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the second end of the fourth switching tube and then connected with the first output end of the rectifying unit;
and one end of the first capacitor is connected with the fifth node, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the first output end of the rectifying unit.
5. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 4, characterized in that said bidirectional DCDC module comprises:
a fifth switching tube, a sixth switching tube, a seventh switching tube and an eighth switching tube, wherein a first end of the fifth switching tube is connected with a first end of the sixth switching tube, a sixth node is arranged between the first end of the fifth switching tube and the first end of the sixth switching tube, a first end of the seventh switching tube is connected with a first end of the eighth switching tube, a seventh node is arranged between the first end of the seventh switching tube and the first end of the eighth switching tube, a second end of the fifth switching tube is connected with a second end of the seventh switching tube and then connected with the fifth node, and a second end of the sixth switching tube is connected with a second end of the eighth switching tube and then connected with a first output end of the rectifying unit;
a ninth switching tube, a tenth switching tube, an eleventh switching tube and a twelfth switching tube, wherein a first end of the ninth switching tube is connected with a first end of the tenth switching tube, an eighth node is arranged between the first end of the ninth switching tube and the first end of the tenth switching tube, the first end of the eleventh switching tube is connected with the first end of the twelfth switching tube, a ninth node is arranged between the first end of the eleventh switching tube and the first end of the twelfth switching tube, a second end of the ninth switching tube is connected with one end of the battery module after being connected with the second end of the eleventh switching tube, and a second end of the tenth switching tube is connected with the other end of the battery module after being connected with the second end of the twelfth switching tube;
the transformation unit comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil, the first end of the primary coil is connected with the sixth node, the second end of the primary coil is connected with the seventh node, the first end of the secondary coil is connected with the eighth node, and the second end of the secondary coil is connected with the ninth node;
and one end of the second capacitor is connected with one end of the battery module, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the other end of the battery module.
6. An electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises an on-board charger according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810386545.9A CN110417268B (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | Vehicle-mounted charger and electric vehicle |
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| CN201810386545.9A CN110417268B (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | Vehicle-mounted charger and electric vehicle |
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| CN111452643B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2023-01-31 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted charger, vehicle-mounted DC/DC integrated circuit and electric vehicle |
| CN111510030B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-04-12 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Motor drive system and vehicle |
| CN112104050B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-07-19 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted charger control framework, vehicle-mounted charger and vehicle |
| CN115230507B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-02-03 | 浙大城市学院 | Multiplex topology structure capable of simultaneously realizing double-winding motor control and OBC charging |
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| TWI448040B (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2014-08-01 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | Charging apparatus with alternating current- and direct current- charging functions for mobile vehicle |
| CN202888900U (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-04-17 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | Storage battery charging and boosting circuit for online UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply) |
| CN105576731A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-05-11 | 天宝电子（惠州）有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted charging and inversion bidirectional AC power supply system |
| CN107248814B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2019-09-13 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Single-phase alternating expression pfc circuit and onboard charger and electric car with it |
| CN107662498A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Electric automobile, the multifunctional vehicle mounted charger of electric automobile and its control method |
| CN107658955B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2024-05-10 | 厦门远双科技有限公司 | Energy-saving and power-saving control device and control method for vehicle-mounted charger |
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