CN110388211B - Continuous mining system for large-block strip mine - Google Patents
Continuous mining system for large-block strip mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110388211B CN110388211B CN201910805978.8A CN201910805978A CN110388211B CN 110388211 B CN110388211 B CN 110388211B CN 201910805978 A CN201910805978 A CN 201910805978A CN 110388211 B CN110388211 B CN 110388211B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-block continuous strip mine mining system which comprises a scraper conveyor and a mining machine, wherein the scraper conveyor is paved along the side face of a working face mine wall, the outer end of the scraper conveyor exceeds the outer end of the working face mine wall, the mining machine is ridden on the scraper conveyor and is in linear sliding connection with the scraper conveyor, a pusher is arranged on the non-mine wall side of the scraper conveyor and is in linear sliding connection with the scraper conveyor through a guiding device of the pusher, the outer end of the scraper conveyor is connected with a rubber belt conveyor through a transition groove, the rubber belt conveyor is fixedly arranged on the ground, and the extending direction of the rubber belt conveyor is perpendicular to the paving direction of the scraper conveyor. The invention can meet the continuous, efficient and economical exploitation demands of small and medium-sized strip mine layers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a continuous open-pit mining equipment system, which is particularly suitable for continuous mining of large-area open-pit mines.
Background
Mining of strip mines usually adopts a mode of mining by an excavator and matching with automobile transportation, and the matching mining process has good flexibility. As capacity increases, the need for excavators to move from small to large capacities, and hydraulic excavators to electric excavators (electric shovels) arises. However, through long-term use data statistics, the mode of automobile transportation brings high annual operation cost, particularly fuel tire loss, later maintenance cost and the like, so that the intermittent mining process has great economic problems when being used for long-distance transportation occasions.
In order to reduce the cost of long-distance conveying to the greatest extent, the industry gradually adopts a mode of rubber belt conveying, and a large-scale electric shovel and a crushing system are matched with a working surface. In order to improve the production capacity of the ultra-thick ore layer ore as much as possible, the mining equipment of the bucket-wheel type continuous excavator with the crushing system is adopted, however, the bucket-wheel type excavator system has huge manufacturing cost and relatively high use management cost, so that the large-scale continuous mining system is difficult to bear for small and medium-sized ore enterprises. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the electric shovel and the crushing system is high, and the use is relatively discontinuous due to the idle running operation time, so that semi-continuous mining is realized by adopting the electric shovel to be matched with the crushing system and the belt conveying system, and the problems of high equipment investment cost, high maintenance cost, limited productivity and the like still exist for the operation of medium and small mining enterprises.
Management has been done for many years at home and abroad, such as improving equipment utilization rate by adopting automatic control, reducing personnel cost by reducing personnel, reducing humanized exploitation and the like, but an economic and efficient exploitation mode is not found fundamentally to adapt to exploitation problems of small and medium-sized strip mine layers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-block continuous open-pit mining system which can meet the continuous, efficient and economic mining requirements of small and medium open-pit mine layers.
The main technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a continuous mining system of large block strip mine, includes scraper conveyor and miner, scraper conveyor lays along working face ore wall side, scraper conveyor is by inside to outside carry mineral aggregate, the outer end of scraper conveyor surpasses the outer end of working face ore wall, the miner ride locate on the scraper conveyor, and with scraper conveyor straight line sliding connection, but scraper conveyor's non-ore wall side is provided with the pusher that can walk certainly, the pusher through its guider with scraper conveyor straight line sliding connection.
The scraper conveyor comprises one or more conveying groove groups, each conveying groove group is formed by sequentially and flexibly connecting a plurality of conveying grooves, an independent power device is arranged on the head conveying groove or the tail conveying groove of each conveying groove group, when the conveying groove groups exist, the conveying groove groups are sequentially connected, two conveying grooves connected with each other in adjacent conveying groove groups are rigidly connected, and a pushing guide rail is arranged on the non-ore wall side of each conveying groove.
The guide device of the pushing machine is in sliding connection with the pushing guide rail.
The pushing machine comprises a pushing mechanism and a traveling system, and the pushing mechanism is mounted on the traveling system.
The walking system is preferably a crawler-type engineering machinery walking system.
The large-area strip mine continuous mining system is also preferably provided with a rubber belt conveyor, the rubber belt conveyor is fixedly arranged on the ground, the extending direction of the rubber belt conveyor is perpendicular to the scraper conveyor, the rubber belt conveyor is kept at a certain distance from the outer end of the mine wall of the working face, and the outer end of the scraper conveyor is connected with the rubber belt conveyor through a transition groove or a belt conveyor.
One set of scraper conveyor and one mining machine and one to two pushing machines form one set of continuous mining machine set, the same set of rubber belt conveyor is matched with more than two sets of continuous mining machine sets, all the continuous mining machine sets are distributed on the same side of the rubber belt conveyor, all the scraper conveyor sets are distributed in parallel, all the continuous mining machine sets are distributed in grooves for dividing a mining area into a plurality of blocks in a line arrangement, and one side or two side mine walls of each block facing the grooves are respectively corresponding to one set of continuous mining machine set.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
By adopting the continuous conveying technology of the scraper conveyor, not only can the continuous conveying of mineral aggregate be realized, but also a fixed running track can be provided for the mining machine, and a foundation is provided for ore dropping and ore loading of the mining machine in high-speed running mining.
The scraper conveyor in the range corresponding to the cut ore wall of the mining machine can be timely pushed to the ore wall by the pushing machine, so that a next round of cutting the ore wall is prepared for the mining machine to reversely travel to the position, the mining machine is not required to be stopped, the cutting mining, loading, conveying in a working face, moving of the working face equipment and the like can be continuously carried out, the utilization rate of the equipment is greatly improved, and the productivity is obviously improved.
According to the invention, the mining machine, the scraper conveyor, the rubber belt conveyor and the pushing machine are combined and reasonably arranged, the mining machine is utilized for continuous ore dropping and loading, the scraper conveyor is utilized for continuous conveying and continuous pushing of a mineral material working face, the rubber belt conveyor is utilized for fixed working face external continuous conveying, and the pushing machine is utilized for timely preparing a next one-way travel running track for the mining machine in advance, so that a device system capable of realizing continuous mining is formed, and the mining efficiency can be remarkably improved.
The mining system has the advantages of simple structure, good technical integration, easy modularization, simple operation and low input cost, so that the mining system has good economy, can form flexible configuration of large-area multi-working surfaces on site, and has huge productivity potential.
The mining system can be used for large-area mining of multiple working surfaces, can greatly reduce the problem of low continuous utilization rate of equipment caused by movement of a rubber belt conveyor in the traditional mining, and can obviously improve the use efficiency of the equipment system and the productivity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus arrangement (single working face) of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing of a continuous mining feed process with the arrangement of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an apparatus layout (single working surface) of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a drawing of a continuous mining feed process with the arrangement of FIG. 3;
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the apparatus (double working face) of a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of an apparatus arrangement (multi-working surface) according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
1. a scraper conveyor; 11. a conveying trough; 12. pushing the guide rail; 13. a connecting piece; 14. a transition groove;
2. A pusher jack; 20. a guide device; 21. a pushing machine at the inner end; 22. an outer end pusher; 23. a pusher jack;
3. a mining machine;
4. and a rubber belt conveyor.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a large-block continuous open-pit mining system, which is shown in figures 1 and 3 and comprises a scraper conveyor (a scraper machine for short) 1 and a roller miner (a miner for short) 3, wherein the scraper conveyor is paved along the side surface of a working face mine wall, mineral materials are conveyed from inside to outside by the scraper conveyor, and the outer end of the scraper conveyor exceeds the outer end of the working face mine wall. The mining machine is ridden on the scraper conveyor and is in linear sliding connection with the scraper conveyor, and the sliding direction is along the extending direction of the scraper conveyor. The one-way travelling process of the mining machine along the inner end to the outer end of the mine wall corresponds to an outward mining travel, and the one-way travelling process of the mining machine along the outer end to the inner end of the mine wall corresponds to an inward mining travel. The non-mine wall side of the scraper conveyor is provided with a self-walking pusher conveyor 2. The pusher is in linear sliding connection with the scraper conveyor through a guide device 20 on the pusher, and the sliding direction is along the extending direction of the scraper conveyor.
By adopting the continuous conveying technology of the scraper conveyor, not only can the continuous conveying of mineral aggregate be realized, but also a fixed running track can be provided for the mining machine, and a foundation is provided for ore dropping and ore loading of the mining machine in high-speed running mining. The mining machine is matched with the scraper conveyor, so that continuous ore dropping, ore loading and ore material conveying in a working face are realized.
The scraper conveyor is timely pushed to the mine wall by the matched pushing machine to cut the depth distance behind the traveling direction of the mining machine, a traveling track and a space for loading ores are prepared in advance for the next one-way stroke exploitation of the mining machine, the pushing can be carried out simultaneously with the current exploitation of the mining machine, the pushing and pushing are not influenced by each other, the automation degree is high, the auxiliary working hours can be obviously shortened, and the continuity can still be kept in the process that the mining machine finishes one-way stroke reversely enters the next one-way stroke.
The scraper conveyor may comprise one or more conveying groove groups, each conveying groove group is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of conveying grooves 11, a certain groove spacing is kept between two adjacent sections of conveying grooves, and the two adjacent sections of conveying grooves are flexibly connected through a connecting piece 13, namely, certain bending exists between the connecting position in a horizontal plane and the connecting position in a vertical plane. An independent power device is arranged on the head end conveying groove or the tail end conveying groove of each conveying groove group. When the scraper conveyor is provided with a plurality of conveying groove groups, the conveying groove groups are sequentially connected, two conveying grooves which are mutually connected with each other are rigidly connected, so that transverse dislocation of the two conveying grooves is prevented, and the continuity of the travelling track of the mining machine at the position is maintained. The non-mine wall side of each section of conveying trough is provided with a pushing guide rail 12. The number of conveying troughs is determined by the length of the working surface.
The guide device 20 of the pusher is slidably connected to the pusher rail 12. The guide means may be a guide wheel.
The mining machine comprises a walking supporting mechanism, and the walking supporting mechanism is in sliding fit with a walking rail positioned at the top of the conveying groove so as to realize linear sliding connection of the mining machine and the scraper conveyor.
The scraper conveyor can be sequentially divided into an inner section, a middle section and an outer section, the outer section is just arranged outside the outer end of the working face ore wall, and the inner section is just arranged inside the inner end of the working face ore wall or opposite to the inner section of the working face ore wall. The length of the inner and outer sections is not particularly limited and is generally determined based on the length of space actually required by the miner to cut into the mine wall from the inner and outer feeds, corresponding to the necessary, ready and transitional nature of the miner.
One or two pushing machines can be arranged. When there are two pushing machines, the pushing machine 23 is indicated, and when there are two pushing machines, the inner pushing machine and the outer pushing machine are respectively close to the inner end of the working face mine wall and the outer end of the working face mine wall, and can be respectively called as an inner pushing machine 21 and an outer pushing machine 22. The walking range of the inner-end pushing machine corresponds to the inner end of the inner section to the inner end of the outer section of the scraper conveyor, and the walking range of the outer-end pushing machine corresponds to the outer section of the outer section to the outer end of the inner section of the scraper conveyor.
The continuous mining system of the large-area strip mine is also preferably provided with a rubber belt conveyor 4, wherein the rubber belt conveyor is a material conveyor conveyed in a longitudinal belt mode, the rubber belt conveyor is fixedly arranged on the ground, and the extending direction of the rubber belt conveyor is perpendicular to the laying direction of the scraper conveyor and parallel to the pushing direction of the scraper conveyor. The rubber belt conveyor is kept at a certain horizontal distance B from the outer end of the mine wall of the working face, and the outer end of the scraper conveyor is connected with the rubber belt conveyor through a transition groove 14 or a belt conveyor. The transition trough is typically a discharge chute that delivers mineral material from the scraper conveyor to the belt conveyor. The arrangement of the rubber belt conveyor realizes continuous out-of-plane conveying of mineral aggregate, and can further improve the utilization rate and the productivity of equipment.
The pushing arm of the pushing machine is connected with the pushing guide rail on the scraper conveyor in a sliding way through a guiding device. The distance from the scraper conveyor to the mine wall can be changed by applying a pushing and pulling acting force to the scraper conveyor through the pushing arm. The pushing guide rail extends along the length direction of the scraper conveyor, so that the scraper conveyor at the position where the pushing guide rail passes can be driven to transversely move when the pushing machine generally walks along the length direction of the scraper conveyor, namely the distance from each section of scraper conveyor to the mine wall is changed according to the requirement. In fig. 1 and 2, the pusher 23 reciprocates along the scraper conveyor, and pushes the scraper conveyor at the position to be moved to the mine wall by a depth-cutting distance, thereby achieving a pushing effect. The scraper conveyor is moved by the pushing machine, so that the automation degree is high, the working efficiency is high, and the value and the advantage of the continuity of the mining process can be better reflected.
When a pusher machine is arranged on the non-mine wall side of the scraper conveyor, the large-block strip mine continuous mining system can circularly and reciprocally perform mining according to the following steps a-i:
a. As shown in fig. 2 (1), in the process of the outward walking of the mining machine, the pusher quickly follows the rear surface of the mining machine from the outer end of the inner section to walk outwards, and meanwhile, the scraper conveyor (referred to as a middle section scraper conveyor) where the pusher passes is pushed to the mine wall for a depth. The mining machine walks outwards to the outer end of the outer section to stop, and the pushing machine quickly follows the mining machine to walk outwards to the inner end of the outer section (namely, the outer end of the working face mine wall) to stop, and the outer section scraper conveyor forms an S-bend when stopped.
B. As shown in fig. 2 (2), the pusher is stopped at the inner end of the outer section, the miner walks inward through the S-bend from the outer end of the outer section, begins to cut the mine wall by feeding from the outer end side of the face mine wall when the miner reaches the inner end of the outer section, begins the inward mining stroke, and then continues to walk inward.
C. As shown in fig. 2 (3), when the miner reaches the inner end of the outer section, the pusher starts to walk from the inner end of the outer section to the outer end of the outer section, and simultaneously pushes the outer section scraper conveyor to the mine wall by a depth cutting distance, S-bending is eliminated, the miner stops after reaching the outer end of the outer section, and the miner continues to walk inwards in the process.
D. As shown in fig. 2 (4), the pusher returns from the outer end of the outer section to the inner end of the outer section, in which process the outer section scraper conveyor is pushed a cut-off distance toward the mine wall while the miner continues to travel inward.
The step a is completed by the rear-end pushing mining procedure of the middle part of the outward mining stroke of the mining machine. The above steps b-d complete the outer end side feed mining process by how the miner initiates mining during the inward mining run.
E. As shown in fig. 2 (5), during the inward travel of the mining machine, the pusher quickly follows the rear of the mining machine from the inner end of the outer section, and pushes the scraper conveyor (referred to as the middle scraper conveyor) at the position of the pusher toward the mine wall by a depth. The mining machine moves inwards to the inner end of the inner section (namely the inner end of the mine wall of the working face) to stop, the inner end head is ready for feeding, the pushing machine moves inwards to quickly follow the mining machine to move to the outer end of the inner section to stop, and the S-bend is formed by the scraper conveyor at the inner section when the scraper conveyor stops.
F. as shown in fig. 2 (6), the pusher stops waiting at the outer end of the inner section, the miner walks outwardly from the inner end of the inner section through the S-bend, during which time the miner cuts the mine wall from shallow and deep inclinations, and the miner stops moving to the outer end of the inner section, i.e., the pusher.
G. as shown in fig. 2 (7), the pusher is moved inward from the outer end of the inner section, and the scraper conveyor of the inner section is pushed toward the mine wall by a depth cutting distance to eliminate S-bend until the inner end of the inner section is reached, and the miner is stopped in the process.
H. As shown in fig. 2 (8), the pusher stops waiting at the inner end of the inner section, the miner walks inward until reaching the inner end of the inner section, and the next deep cut pushing space is extracted in the process.
I. as shown in fig. 2 (9), the miner walks outwardly, and when walking to the outer end of the inner section, the pusher starts to walk outwardly until reaching the outer end of the inner section, and simultaneously pushes the inner section scraper conveyor to the mine wall a depth of a cut distance, and the miner continues to walk outwardly in the process.
The step e is completed by the middle rear pushing mining procedure in the inward mining stroke of the mining machine. And the step f-i is completed by the inner end beveling reciprocating feed mining procedure, and the aim is to realize how the mining machine starts mining in the outward mining travel.
The middle rear pushing mining procedure, the outer end lateral feeding mining procedure and the inner end beveling reciprocating feeding mining procedure are performed repeatedly to form the whole mining procedure.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when two pushing machines are arranged on the non-mine wall side of the scraper conveyor, the two pushing machines are separated at the same time, one pushing machine is pushed to the mine wall by a depth cutting distance along with the scraper conveyor at the rear of the mining machine, namely, the pushing scraper conveyor, the action is the same as that of the pushing machine 23 in fig. 1 and 2, the other pushing machine synchronously walks side by side, and the distance between the pushing machine at the position and the mine wall is adjusted, so that the mining machine can keep straight walking as much as possible, and the effect of stable walking or deviation correction of the walking track of the mining machine is achieved, in short, the effect of stabilizing is achieved, and the phenomenon that the depth cutting change is caused by abnormal walking standard of the mining machine due to transverse sliding of the scraper conveyor caused by stress when the mining machine mines the mineral materials can be avoided. When the mining machine is stable, the pushing machine can adjust the scraper conveyor at the position of the mining machine, and also can adjust the scraper conveyor at the front of the walking direction of the mining machine, preferably the scraper conveyor is the scraper conveyor, so that the lateral resistance is small during pushing, and the correction can be realized in advance. When the mining machine runs in a reversing way at two ends of the scraper conveyor, the two pushing machines are exchanged and separated. The large block strip mine continuous mining system may perform mining in a cyclic reciprocation according to steps a-i:
a. As shown in fig. 4 (1), in the process of synchronously walking the outer end pusher 22 and the mining machine 3 side by side outwards, the inner end pusher 21 quickly follows the rear surface of the mining machine from the outer end of the inner section, meanwhile, the scraper conveyor (referred to as a middle section scraper conveyor) at the position where the inner end pusher 21 passes outwards towards the mine wall for a depth cutting distance, the outer end pusher 22 stops walking to the outer end of the outer section side by side with the mining machine 3 side by side, the inner end pusher 21 then stops following the inner end of the outer section (namely, the outer end of the mine wall of the working face), the scraper conveyor is pushed outwards towards the mine wall for a depth cutting distance in the process of walking of the inner end pusher 21, the inner end pusher 21 plays a pushing role, and the outer section scraper conveyor forms an S-bend when the inner end pusher 21 stops.
B. As shown in fig. 4 (2), the inner pusher 21 and the outer pusher 22 stop waiting at the inner end of the outer section and the outer end of the outer section, respectively, the miner 3 travels inward from the outer end of the outer section through the S-bend, and when the miner returns to the inner end of the outer section, the miner starts to cut the mine wall by feeding from the outer end side of the face mine wall, starts an inward mining stroke, and simultaneously the inner pusher 21 starts to travel in synchronization with the miner 3 side by side.
C. As shown in fig. 4 (3), when the miner reaches the inner end of the outer section, the outer-end pusher 22 pushes the outer-section scraper conveyor toward the mine wall a depth of a certain distance, eliminating S-bends. In the process, the inner pusher 21 and the mining machine 3 continue to travel synchronously side by side. From this step, the outer pusher 22 is shifted.
D. As shown in fig. 4 (4), the outer end pusher 22 returns from the outer end of the outer section to the inner end of the outer section, pushing the outer section scraper conveyor toward the mine wall by a depth, and in the process, the inner end pusher 21 and the mining machine 3 continue to travel side by side and synchronously.
The step a is completed by the middle exchange stable pushing mining procedure in the outward mining stroke of the mining machine, and the inner pushing machine and the outer pushing machine respectively play roles in pushing and stabilizing. The above steps b-d complete the outer end side feed mining process by how the miner initiates mining during the inward mining run.
E. As shown in fig. 4 (5), in the process of synchronously walking the inner end pusher 21 and the mining machine 3 side by side inwards, the outer end pusher 22 quickly follows the rear surface of the mining machine from the inner end of the outer section, meanwhile, the scraper conveyor (referred to as a middle section scraper conveyor) where the outer end pusher 22 passes is pushed towards the mine wall for a depth cutting distance, the inner end pusher 21 and the mining machine 3 side by side synchronously walk to the inner end of the inner section (namely, the inner end of the mine wall of the working face) to stop, the inner end feeding is prepared, the outer end pusher 22 then follows the outer end of the inner section to stop, and the inner section scraper conveyor forms an S-bend when the outer end pusher 22 stops.
F. As shown in fig. 4 (6), the inner pusher 21 and the outer pusher 22 stop waiting at the inner end of the inner section and the outer end of the inner section, respectively, and the miner travels outward from the inner end of the inner section through the S-bend and stops when the miner returns to the outer end of the inner section, i.e., the outer pusher 22.
G. As shown in fig. 4 (7), the inner pusher 21 pushes the inner scraper conveyor toward the mine wall by a depth of a certain distance, and eliminates S-bending. From this step, the inner pusher 21 is shifted.
H. as shown in fig. 4 (8), the inner pusher and the outer pusher stop waiting at the inner end of the inner section and the outer end of the inner section, respectively, and the miner 3 walks inward until reaching the inner end of the inner section, and in the process, the next deep cut pushing space is extracted.
I. As shown in fig. 4 (9), the miner 3 is traveling outward, and when traveling to the outer end of the inner section, the outer end pusher 22 starts to travel outward in synchronization with the miner 3 side by side, and the inner end pusher 21 then follows the miner outward until reaching the outer end of the inner end while pushing the inner section scraper conveyor toward the mine wall a cut depth. In the process, the outer pusher 22 and the mining machine 3 continue to travel synchronously side by side outwards.
The step e is completed by the middle exchange stable pushing mining procedure in the inward mining stroke of the mining machine, and the inner pushing machine and the outer pushing machine respectively play a role in stabilizing and pushing. And the step f-i is completed by the inner end beveling reciprocating feed mining procedure, and the aim is to realize how the mining machine starts mining in the outward mining travel.
The middle part exchange stable pushing mining procedure, the outer end lateral feeding mining procedure and the inner end beveling reciprocating feeding mining procedure are performed repeatedly to form the whole mining procedure.
When a pushing machine is configured, the device is suitable for occasions that the mining machine is large in weight, relatively low in running speed and the mining cutting counter force cannot influence the stability of the conveying groove of the scraper conveyor, the pushing process is relatively simple, and the device is beneficial to realizing the purpose of configuring the working face with less humanization. When two pushing machines are configured, the problems of stability of the mining machine and real-time pushing of the scraper conveyor can be solved simultaneously, and the device is suitable for the condition that mining cutting counter force affects the stability of the scraper conveyor.
Regardless of the equipment configuration, one cycle of mining is completed according to the corresponding steps, two cutting distances can be advanced, and the scraper conveyor is always in a state of conveying mineral aggregate in the process. The pushing of the scraper conveyor does not affect the mineral aggregate transport. And repeating the steps to perform cyclic exploitation, and repeatedly forming continuous working face blanking, loading and mineral aggregate conveying to a rubber belt conveyor, wherein the rubber belt conveyor is in a continuous running state, and finally forming continuous operation of the system.
For the two equipment configurations and the corresponding exploitation steps, if the conditions allow, the inner section of the scraper conveyor can also extend inwards beyond the inner end of the working face mine wall, which is equivalent to the equipment space with the horizontal distance B similar to the outer end also arranged at the inner end, so that the lateral feeding exploitation mode can be implemented at the inner end, and the exploitation efficiency is greatly improved; in contrast, the horizontal distance B of the outer end can be reduced to be small, so that the outer end can adopt a chamfer cutting and reciprocating feeding exploitation mode similar to that of the inner end, and the space required by equipment arrangement is greatly reduced.
Fig. 1, 3 show the layout of the large block strip mine continuous mining system when it is used on a single face, in fact it can also be used on double faces (see fig. 5) or even more faces (see fig. 6), in particular: one set of scraper conveyor and one mining machine and one to two pushing machines form one set of continuous mining machine set, the same set of rubber belt conveyor 4 is matched with more than two sets of continuous mining machine sets, all the continuous mining machine sets are distributed on the same side of the rubber belt conveyor, all the scraper conveyor sets are arranged in parallel, the outer ends of the scraper conveyor of each set of continuous mining machine set are connected with the same set of rubber belt conveyor through a transition groove, all the continuous mining machine sets are distributed in grooves for dividing a region to be mined into a plurality of blocks in a line shape, and one side or two side ore walls of each block facing the grooves are respectively corresponding to one set of continuous mining machine set. Several sets of continuous mining units can simultaneously form several mining working surfaces.
As shown in fig. 5, the area to be mined is divided into two blocks, and there are two sets of continuous miner units facing the working face 1 and the working face 2, respectively, and their respective scraper conveyors are advanced in opposite directions, with the working face 1 and the working face 2 being disposed face to face. As shown in fig. 6, the mining area is divided into three blocks, four sets of continuous mining units are arranged in each two sets in a groove, the sets face a working surface 1, a working surface 2, a working surface 3 and a working surface 4 respectively, and the advancing directions of two sets of scraper conveyors in the same groove are opposite. A set of continuous miner units can be arranged in a single groove, and all scraper conveyors can push in the same direction.
"Large block" as emphasized by the present invention refers to: when the area of the area to be mined or the area of a single block is larger, once the related equipment is laid, the continuous mining time can be longer, and meanwhile, the longer the effective mining operation time is, the shorter the auxiliary moving time of the belt conveyor is, so that the higher the mining efficiency and the better the economical efficiency are. The system of the present invention is therefore more suitable for large areas or blocks to be mined. In addition, because scraper conveyors generally have higher investment costs than belt conveyors, it is preferable to use shorter face lengths a and longer face advance lengths C or block face advance lengths D for greater economy.
In view of the above, when the area to be mined is only one block, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the length a of the mine wall of the working face is preferably 200-1000m, and the advancing length C of the working face of the system (abbreviated as advancing length of the working face) is preferably 1000-5000m. Correspondingly, the length of the rubber belt conveyor is 1000-5000m. The distance B from the outer end of the face mine wall to the belt conveyor may be 20-40m.
When the area to be mined is divided into a plurality of blocks, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the length A of the face wall is preferably 200-1000m, and the advancing length C of the system face is preferably 1000-5000m. Correspondingly, the length of the rubber belt conveyor is 1000-5000m. The working surface advancing length D of the single block is 500-3000m. The distance B from the outer end of the face mine wall to the belt conveyor may be 20-40m. As long as the conveying capacity of the belt conveyor 4 is sufficiently large, the productivity and the production efficiency can be increased by a multiple number of times compared with a single working surface.
The characteristic of large area block which is applicable to the invention can provide feasibility for the synchronous stripping of the top rock and soil. Because the area of the area to be mined and the area of the block can be large, only a small part of rock stratum is stripped in advance so that mining can be performed, and the mining can be performed simultaneously, and the continuous mining can be kept as long as the stripping speed is not less than the mining speed, and the mining is not required to be stopped for stripping. The mining and stripping are operated simultaneously, and the mining and stripping are not mutually influenced, so that all or most of the mining and stripping in advance are not required to be stripped, and excessive pre-mining investment is not caused.
In addition, each block supports bench mining, when bench mining is concerned, continuous mining units for the same block are arranged in a bench manner, and mineral aggregate on the working face on each bench is continuously conveyed onto the belt conveyor from the outer end of the working face wall through the aqueduct or the belt conveyor.
The self-propelled pusher machine described herein may include a pusher mechanism and a travel system, the pusher mechanism being mounted on the travel system. The pushing mechanism is used for short-distance movement of the heavy object, has wide application in various industrial fields, can directly adopt the existing pushing mechanism, such as a hydraulic support pushing mechanism, and mostly uses a piston cylinder to stretch or retract to directly or indirectly transversely move the pushed object and can be pushed and pulled. The running system may be a wheel type engineering machine running system, and preferably a crawler type engineering machine running system. The travelling system carries the pushing mechanism to travel along the mine wall, and can realize longitudinal travelling and transverse pushing and pulling. The travelling system can travel in a straight line and a curve, namely, the travelling system also has transverse movement capability, so that a telescopic structure such as a piston cylinder is not a necessary structure of a pushing mechanism.
Claims (4)
1. A large block strip mine continuous mining system, characterized in that: the mining machine comprises a scraper conveyor, a rubber belt conveyor and a mining machine, wherein the scraper conveyor is paved along the side surface of a mine wall of a working face, the scraper conveyor is used for conveying mineral aggregate from inside to outside, the outer end of the scraper conveyor exceeds the outer end of the mine wall of the working face, the mining machine is ridden on the scraper conveyor and is in linear sliding connection with the scraper conveyor, one or two pushing machines capable of self-walking are arranged on the non-mine wall side of the scraper conveyor, the pushing machines are in linear sliding connection with the scraper conveyor through guiding devices of the pushing machines, the scraper conveyor comprises one or more conveying groove groups, each conveying groove group is formed by sequentially and flexibly connecting a plurality of conveying grooves, an independent power device is arranged on a first conveying groove or a tail end conveying groove of each conveying groove group, when the conveying groove groups are arranged, the conveying groove groups are sequentially connected, two conveying grooves connected with each other in a rigid mode, a guide rail is arranged on the non-mine wall side of each conveying groove, and the guiding devices of the pushing machines are in sliding connection with the guide rail; the mining machine comprises a walking supporting mechanism which is in sliding fit with a walking rail positioned at the top of the conveying groove; the scraper conveyor is sequentially divided into an inner section, a middle section and an outer section, the outer section is just outside the outer end of the working face ore wall, and the inner section is just inside the inner end of the working face ore wall or opposite to the inner section of the working face ore wall; the rubber belt conveyor is fixedly arranged on the ground, the extending direction of the rubber belt conveyor is vertical to the scraper conveyor, the rubber belt conveyor is kept at a certain distance from the outer end of the mine wall of the working face, and the outer end of the scraper conveyor is connected with the rubber belt conveyor through a transition groove or a belt transfer conveyor; one set of scraper conveyor and one mining machine and one to two pushing machines form one set of continuous mining machine set, the same set of rubber belt conveyor is matched with more than two sets of continuous mining machine sets, all the continuous mining machine sets are distributed on the same side of the rubber belt conveyor, all the scraper conveyor sets are distributed in parallel, all the continuous mining machine sets are distributed in grooves for dividing a mining area into a plurality of blocks in a line arrangement, and one side or two side mine walls of each block facing the grooves are respectively corresponding to one set of continuous mining machine set.
2. The large block strip mine continuous mining system of claim 1, wherein: when two pushing machines are arranged, the walking range of the pushing machine close to the inner end of the working face ore wall corresponds to the inner end of the inner section to the inner end of the outer section of the scraper conveyor, and the walking range of the pushing machine close to the outer end of the working face ore wall corresponds to the outer end of the outer section to the outer end of the inner section of the scraper conveyor.
3. The large block strip mine continuous mining system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the pushing machine comprises a pushing mechanism and a traveling system, and the pushing mechanism is mounted on the traveling system.
4. A large block strip mine continuous mining system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the walking system adopts a crawler-type engineering machinery walking system.
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