Background
FBG: fiber Bragg Grating sensor, Fiber Bragg Grating.
FRP: fiber Reinforced composites, Fiber Reinforced Plastics.
The FBG belongs to one of optical fiber sensors, the sensor principle is to acquire sensor information by modulating the fiber Bragg wavelength by external physical quantity, and the FBG is a wavelength modulation type fiber grating sensor. The fiber grating sensor can realize direct measurement of physical quantities such as temperature, strain and the like, can be attached to the surface of a structure or embedded in the structure in advance, can simultaneously perform health detection, impact detection, shape control, vibration damping detection and the like on the structure, and can analyze the defect condition of the structure. In recent years, fiber grating sensors are increasingly and widely applied to engineering detection due to the characteristics of interference resistance, corrosion resistance, electric insulation, high sensitivity, distributed large-range measurement and the like.
The fiber grating is fragile and very easy to break in a severe working environment, so that the fiber grating can be used after being packaged. The fiber reinforced composite material can effectively protect the optical fiber and improve the survival rate and the sensitivity of the optical fiber.
When no special template is used for hot pressing, the usually adopted FRP prepreg is not transparent, and the sensor after hot pressing cannot accurately position the FBG grid region in the cured fiber reinforced composite material, so that the accurate positioning of a monitoring point during subsequent use is influenced; in addition, the FBG package with high quality in large batch can not be performed without a special hot pressing die.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an FRP-FBG packaging device and a positioning method, which are used for improving the packaging process, eliminating the residual stress of optical fibers and improving the positioning precision of an optical fiber grid region.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an FRP-FBG packaging device comprises an upper pressing template and a lower heating template; the lower heating template is provided with a raised working table and tensioning mechanisms distributed on the left side and the right side of the working table, a groove is formed in the middle of the working table, the left side and the right side of the working table are respectively provided with a plurality of lower accommodating grooves, the lower accommodating grooves are arranged in parallel, and every two opposite lower accommodating grooves on the two sides are collinear and form a pair; the upper pressing template is provided with a downward boss at the position right opposite to the lower heating template uplift workbench, the boss is provided with an upper storage groove at the position right opposite to the lower storage groove, the boss covers the groove when pressing downwards, the upper storage groove and the lower storage groove jointly limit a channel for storing optical fibers, the upper storage groove is a U-shaped groove, and the lower storage groove is a V-shaped groove.
As the improvement of the scheme, the two tensioning mechanisms comprise pulleys and supports for clamping the left end and the right end of the pulleys, the supports are fixed on the lower heating template, and the two pairs of pulleys are respectively subjected to torques in opposite directions to pull the optical fiber.
As an improvement of the scheme, a torsional spring is arranged at the hinged part of the pulley and the bracket.
As the improvement of above-mentioned scheme, two straining device include pulley, centre gripping pulley about both ends support and balancing weight, and the support is fixed in heating the template down, and when laying optic fibre, optic fibre overlap joint forms the angle transition on the pulley, and the balancing weight is direct detachably hangs at optic fibre head and the tail both ends.
As an improvement of the above solution, the upper side or/and the lower side of the groove further extend towards the edge of the worktable until passing through the side wall of the worktable.
A positioning method using the packaging device, wherein the optical fiber comprises a grid region at the middle position of the optical fiber, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively arranging labels at the left end and the right end of an optical fiber by taking the middle point of a grid region as a symmetrical center, and ensuring that the minimum distance between the two labels is equal to the left width and the right width of a workbench;
s2, recording the length of a grid region on the label;
s3, laying a plurality of optical fibers on a workbench, and marking the grid area position on the surface of the sensor again according to the grid area length on the label by the processed and molded sensor.
As a modification of the above, in step S1, a marking pen is used to paint lines on the symmetrical positions of the optical fiber, the distance between the two lines is equal to the width of the workbench, and the label is set according to the lines to ensure that the edge of the label is aligned with the lines.
As a modification of the above, in step S3, the position of the center line of the sensor is determined, and the grid is marked to the left and right sides from the position of the center line as a starting point, based on the length of the grid recorded on the label.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the packaging device can reduce the residual stress of the optical fiber through the tensioning mechanism, the tensioned optical fiber can keep a straight line not easy to bend, distort and deform during processing, and the manufactured sensor is high in quality and efficiency. In the sensor, the grid region is wrapped, and by adopting the positioning method, the grid region is easily ensured to be positioned at the central position in the processing process, and the grid region position can be marked on the sensor again in the follow-up process, so that the sensor is convenient to install and use later.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention relates to an FRP-FBG package device and a positioning method thereof. With reference to the orientation in fig. 1, the upper left and lower right directions are the width directions, also referred to as the left and right sides, and the upper left and lower right directions are the upper and lower sides, respectively.
The packaging device comprises an upper die plate 11 and a lower heating die plate 12, wherein the upper die plate 11 is arranged on the lifting ejector rod, and the lower heating die plate 12 is fixed. The lower heating template 12 is provided with a raised working platform 13 and tensioning mechanisms distributed on the left side and the right side of the working platform 13, a groove 21 is arranged in the middle of the working platform 13, the left side and the right side of the working platform 13 are respectively provided with a plurality of lower accommodating grooves 22, the lower accommodating grooves 22 are arranged in parallel, and every two lower accommodating grooves 22 are collinear and form a pair. The upper die plate 11 is provided with a boss 23 at a position right opposite to the workbench 13, the boss 23 is provided with an upper accommodating groove 24 at a position right opposite to the lower accommodating groove 22, the boss 23 covers the groove 21 when pressing down, the boss 23 faces the area of the groove 21 to thermally press the FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) package FBG, and the upper accommodating groove 24 and the lower accommodating groove 22 define a channel for accommodating the optical fiber 41 together. The upper receiving groove 24 is a U-shaped groove, and the lower receiving groove 22 is a V-shaped groove.
Wherein the V-grooves are capable of effectively holding both end-to-end ends of the optical fibers 41 when the optical fibers 41 are placed in the lower receiving grooves 22. The first and the last ends of the optical fiber 41 are generally provided with circular tubes for protection, and the size of the upper receiving groove 24 needs to be larger than the diameter of the circular tubes. Go up when accomodating groove 24 suppression pipe, give the space of pipe compression, this part that the pipe was suppressed forms good fixed connection with fibre prepreg, and the pipe has the space buffering of compression and can not tear fibre prepreg in the edge.
Depending on the function, the lower receiving groove 22 is further divided into a temperature V-shaped groove and a strain V-shaped groove, and the upper receiving groove 24 is correspondingly divided into a temperature U-shaped groove and a strain U-shaped groove. The temperature V-shaped groove is used for manufacturing a temperature compensation sensor, and the strain V-shaped groove is used for manufacturing a strain sensor. In fig. 1, the lower receiving grooves 22 are temperature V-shaped grooves, and the upper receiving grooves 22 are strain V-shaped grooves.
In other embodiments, the tensioning mechanism is a horizontal pull rod that assists in gripping the optical fiber 41 for tensioning. Preferably, the two tensioning mechanisms include pulleys 31 and brackets 32 clamping the left and right ends of the pulleys 31, the brackets 32 are fixed to the lower heating platen 12, and the two pairs of pulleys 31 are respectively subjected to torques in opposite directions for tensioning the optical fiber 41; the structure is simpler, and the utility is more convenient. The pulley 31 is provided with a plurality of V-grooves for receiving the optical fibers 41, and of course, the V-grooves are substantially the same as the lower receiving grooves 22 on the table 13. In fig. 1, the optical fibers 41 are respectively lapped on the upper sides of the pulleys 31, so that the moment generated on the upper sides of the pulleys 31 is directed upward and downward to the left and right.
To rotate the pulley 31, a weight, such as a weight, may be eccentrically disposed on the rotational shaft of the pulley 31. Preferably, a torsion spring is arranged at the hinge joint of the pulley 31 and the bracket 32.
For tensioning. Two straining device include pulley 31, centre gripping pulley 31 about support 32 and the balancing weight at both ends, and heating template 12 is fixed in down to support 32, and when laying optic fibre 41, optic fibre overlap joint forms the angle transition on pulley 31, plays the effect that the radian supported, and pulley 31 can not centre gripping optic fibre 41 this moment, and the balancing weight is direct detachably hung at optic fibre 41 head and the tail both ends. The counterweight block and the clamp are integrated, and the clamp can directly clamp the optical fiber 41, so that the counterweight block is more convenient to use.
In other embodiments, the groove 21 is completely within the table 13. Preferably, the upper side or/and the lower side of the recess 21 further extend towards the edge of the table 13 until it passes out of the side wall of the table 13. The sensor will fit slightly into the recess 21 after hot pressing, which design facilitates prying the finished sensor. The specific slot size is 80mmx20 mm.
In this embodiment, the size of the lower heating template 12 is 200mmx230mmx15mm, the size of the groove 21 is 190mmx100mmx2mm, a carbon fiber prepreg or a glass fiber prepreg is placed in the groove 21, the size of the fiber prepreg is 190mmx100mm, and the groove 21 can be substantially aligned. The diameter of the round conduit wrapped outside the FBG is 0.95mm, and the bottom of the lower accommodating groove 22 is 0.92mm, so that the FBG can be clamped and cannot easily slide. The size of the boss 23 is 190mmx100mmx2mm, and the radius of the upper receiving groove 24 is 1.5 mm. The tension force generated by the tension mechanism is about 10 g.
This can reduce the residual stress of the optical fiber 41 by the tension mechanism. The tensioned grid region 42 can keep a straight line not easy to bend, distort and deform during processing, and the manufactured sensor has high quality and high efficiency.
The optical fiber 41 includes a grating 42 at a middle position of the optical fiber 41, and the grating 42 may be different in length from one optical fiber 41 to another. Although only a schematic view of the arrangement of one optical fiber 41 is shown in fig. 1, the structure of the arrangement of a plurality of optical fibers 41 can be inferred without objection. A positioning method using the packaging device comprises the following steps:
s1, with the middle point of the grid region 42 as a symmetrical center, labels 43 are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the optical fiber 41, and the minimum distance between the two labels 43 is ensured to be equal to the left width and the right width of the workbench 13. Alternatively, the symmetrical position of the optical fiber 41 is coated with a thin line by a marker pen, the distance between the two lines being equal to the width of the table 13, according to which the label 43 is arranged to ensure that the edge of the label 43 is aligned with the line.
S2. record the gate 42 length on the label 43.
S3, laying a plurality of optical fibers 41 on the workbench 13, and marking the positions of the grid regions 42 on the surface of the sensor again according to the lengths of the grid regions 42 on the labels 43 by the processed and molded sensor. First, the position of the center line of the sensor is determined, and the gate 42 is marked to the left and right sides with the position of the center line as a starting point according to the length of the gate 42 recorded on the label 43.
Preferably, the label 43 is a small strip of paper having a rectangular shape.
Preferably, before hot-pressing the fiber prepreg, copper foils are additionally arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the sensor, and the grating is wrapped in the middle of the two copper foils. Specifically, copper foils are added on the upper surface and the lower surface of the gate region 42 corresponding to the temperature V-shaped groove for manufacturing a temperature sensor; the strain sensor can be directly manufactured on the upper and lower surfaces of the gate region 42 corresponding to the strain V-shaped groove without adding copper foil.
In the sensor, the grid region 42 is wrapped, and by adopting the positioning method, the grid region 42 is easily ensured to be in the central position in the processing process, and the position of the grid region 42 can be marked on the sensor again in the follow-up process, so that the sensor is convenient to install and use later.
Referring specifically to fig. 4, a description of prepreg 51 and copper foil 52 is additionally added, similar to the exploded view. In the whole packaging process, the prepreg 51 is placed in the groove 21, and the optical fibers 41 are laid on the prepreg 51; copper foils 52 are arranged between the grid region 42 corresponding to the temperature V-shaped groove and the prepreg 51, the copper foils 52 are symmetrically arranged, and the head end and the tail end of the optical fiber 41 are lapped on the pulley 31; a second layer of copper foil 52 is laid above the gate region 42 corresponding to the temperature V-shaped groove, the copper foils 52 are symmetrically arranged, and at the moment, the upper layer of copper foil 52 and the lower layer of copper foil 52 wrap the gate region 42; then, a layer of prepreg 51 is laid to cover the optical fiber 41; and finally, pressing the upper pressing template 11 downwards. The gate regions 42 corresponding to the strain V-shaped grooves do not need to be laid with copper foil 52, so that the gate regions 42 of the parts are directly wrapped by the upper and lower layers of prepreg 51.
A plurality of sensors can be manufactured at one time, and the sensors connected together are cut off at the time.
Of course, the design creation is not limited to the above embodiments, and the combination of different features of the above embodiments can also achieve good effects. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such equivalent changes or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.