CN110338945B - Computer aided design personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Computer aided design personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110338945B CN110338945B CN201910652748.2A CN201910652748A CN110338945B CN 110338945 B CN110338945 B CN 110338945B CN 201910652748 A CN201910652748 A CN 201910652748A CN 110338945 B CN110338945 B CN 110338945B
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- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 101100134058 Caenorhabditis elegans nth-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002385 vertebral artery Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010048038 Wound infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/30948—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using computerized tomography, i.e. CT scans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2240/00—Manufacturing or designing of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2240/001—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2240/002—Designing or making customized prostheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2240/00—Manufacturing or designing of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2240/001—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2240/007—Dummy prostheses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a computer aided design personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising the steps of establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model; measuring parameters of cervical vertebrae invaded by a tumor of a patient; designing the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the normal cervical vertebra appearance as a reference and taking measured cervical vertebra parameters of a patient as a standard; in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis extends downwards to form a handle part of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis in the right front direction of an N+1th cervical vertebra, and a handle part nail channel is arranged on the handle part; an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis and is used for fixing the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis and the N-1 th cervical vertebra; and manufacturing the Nth cervical prosthesis according to the acquired parameters of the Nth cervical prosthesis. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cervical vertebra prosthesis manufactured by the invention has moderate volume, the maximum range of the cervical vertebra prosthesis is reserved without being violated, the cervical vertebra movement range of a patient is recovered to the maximum extent, the probability of fracture of the prosthesis is reduced, and the stability of the cervical vertebra prosthesis and surrounding tissues is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to a computer aided design personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Cervical vertebrae refers to the cervical vertebrae, and are located below the head and above the thoracic vertebrae. Is positioned on the cervical spine and is composed of seven vertebrae and surrounds the cervical marrow and the spinal membrane. Is connected with the ligament by the intervertebral disc to form forward convex physiological bending. The vertebrae are composed of a front short cylindrical vertebral body and a rear platy vertebral arch. The vertebral body is smaller, is the main weight bearing part of the vertebrae, and has an oval cross section. The upper and lower bone surfaces are connected by intervertebral discs. The vertebral arch is composed of spinous processes, transverse processes and articular processes. The lateral margin protrusions between the vertebral bodies mutually form a uncinate joint, and ligaments wrap the front side and the rear side of the uncinate joint to form a uniform stable structure. The middle hole formed by the connection of the vertebral body and the vertebral arch is called as a vertebral foramen, spinal nerves pass through the middle hole, and vertebral arteries and vertebral veins pass through the transverse process foramen.
Cervical tumours often involve important anatomical structures such as vertebral arteries, spinal cord and nerve roots, and the like, with high surgical risks, often associated with high incidence of complications and mortality. Common complications are impaired nerve function, vertebral artery, wound infection, etc.
At present, aiming at cervical vertebra tumors, the accurate preoperative planning is lacking, the influence of factors such as age, disease characteristics, interconnection relation among cervical vertebrae and the like of a patient is not considered in the existing cervical vertebra prosthesis, and the accurate quantitative index is lacking, so that the neck movement of the postoperative patient is restricted by a larger range, and the normal life of the patient is influenced. Meanwhile, as the height of part of cervical vertebrae prosthesis is too high and the vertebral body is too large, the operation difficulty and risk can be increased during the placement in the operation, and the damage of a patient can be aggravated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a computer aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis and a manufacturing method, aiming at a patient with serious influence on the mobility of cervical vertebra due to the fact that the vertebral bodies of the patient invaded by tumors cannot be completely matched and replaced in the manufacturing of the cervical vertebra prosthesis, the prosthesis is completely attached to the vertebral plates of the upper and lower vertebral bodies, the normal form and the function of the cervical vertebra of the patient are recovered to the maximum extent, the prosthesis is of a medium-hole multi-grid structure, the bone can be fully combined with the prosthesis in the recovery process of the patient, the stability of the prosthesis is improved, meanwhile, the invention also fully considers the anatomical structure characteristics around the cervical vertebra, the mechanical and biological characteristics of the vertebral bodies, and accurately measures the size of the cervical vertebra prosthesis and the position information of the prosthesis of the patient, so that individuation and accuracy are achieved, and the surgical trauma can be reduced.
The invention adopts a scheme for solving the problems by designing an individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis which is designed by computer assistance. The method is characterized in that the cervical vertebra is reconstructed through CT of the neck of a patient, and the length, thickness and width of the cervical vertebra invaded by the tumor and the distance from peripheral artery and vein, nerves and vertebral canal are measured. The surgical range is determined according to the specific disease characteristics, and the individualized cervical vertebra prosthesis is designed.
The method for preparing the personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis by computer aided design is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model;
step 2: measuring parameters of cervical vertebrae invaded by a tumor of a patient, wherein the Nth cervical vertebrae are cervical vertebrae invaded by the tumor of the patient;
step 3: designing the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the normal cervical vertebra appearance as a reference and taking measured cervical vertebra parameters of a patient as a standard;
step 4: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis extends downwards to form a handle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis in the right front direction of the N+1th cervical vertebra, and a handle nail channel is arranged on the handle and is used for fixing the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to the N+1th cervical vertebra;
an N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and is used for fixing the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and the N-1 cervical vertebra.
Step 5: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is implanted, protrusions which are matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra are designed on the upper part and the lower part of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, and the implantation position of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is ensured to be completely the same as the computer aided design position;
step 6: and manufacturing the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis according to the parameters of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis acquired in the cervical vertebra in the steps.
Further, N in step 2 is 2 or more and 6 or less;
and step 4, designing protruding parts on the front edge of the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to compensate partial end plates of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or the (n+1) th cervical vertebra upper end plate corroded by tumors.
Further, the step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of cutting the front edge of the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or the N+1 cervical vertebra upper end plate, in particular to the step that in a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or a part of the N+1 cervical vertebra front edge of a patient need to be simulated and cut before the N cervical vertebra prosthesis is put into the cervical vertebra, so that the protruding part is designed on the upper surface and/or the front edge of the lower surface of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis.
Further, in the step 1, a three-dimensional cervical vertebra model is built, specifically, tomographic CT data of the complete cervical vertebra of a patient are collected and stored in a DICOM image format, and the three-dimensional cervical vertebra model is built through three-dimensional reconstruction software;
preferably, the three-dimensional cervical model includes an nth cervical vertebra, which is a cervical vertebra invaded by a tumor of a patient, and adjacent N-1 th cervical vertebra and n+1 th cervical vertebra models.
Further, the parameters of the cervical vertebra affected by the tumor of the patient measured in the step 2 include the length, width, height and shape of the nth cervical vertebra affected by the tumor of the patient;
the method also comprises the step of measuring the distance from the lower endplate of the N-1 cervical vertebra to the upper endplate of the N+1 cervical vertebra, the range involved by the N-1 cervical vertebra and the distance from the arteriovenous nerve to the front edge of the N cervical vertebra.
Further, the modeling software in the step 3 adopts the reconstruction software of the mimics;
preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the nth cervical prosthesis are respectively matched with the sizes of the adjacent nth-1 cervical vertebrae and the nth-1 cervical vertebrae end plates.
Further, in the step 4, the middle part of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged from bottom to top to the upper surface of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis.
Further, the nth cervical vertebra prosthesis body part is of a mesh-shaped structure.
The computer aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis comprises a cervical vertebra prosthesis and is characterized in that the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle is arranged at the upper end of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle nail channel is arranged at the handle, and an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis.
Preferably, N is 2 or more and 6 or less;
preferably, the front edge of the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is designed with a protruding part;
preferably, the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is respectively anastomosed with the adjacent (N+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra up and down.
Preferably, the middle part of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged from bottom to top to the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis;
preferably, the handle is provided with a handle lane perpendicular to the handle;
preferably, the shank lane insertion screw connects the nth cervical prosthesis and the n+1th cervical vertebra;
preferably, the shank nail channel is provided with a counter bore structure, and the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is provided with a counter bore structure;
preferably, the outer surface of the cervical vertebra prosthesis adopts a net structure;
preferably, the diameter of the shank portion nail way is 3-5mm, and the diameter of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail way is 3-5mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cervical vertebra prosthesis has reasonable structural design, the volume of the cervical vertebra prosthesis manufactured by the invention is moderate, the maximum range of the cervical vertebra prosthesis reserves the non-infringed vertebral arch part, the cervical part movement range of a patient is recovered to the maximum extent, the probability of fracture of the prosthesis is reduced, and the stability of the cervical vertebra prosthesis and surrounding tissues is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiments 3, 4, 5 of the computer aided design cervical vertebrae prosthesis of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 1.
In the figure, 1, N cervical vertebra prosthesis, 2, handle, 3, handle nail way, 4, N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail way, 5, N cervical vertebra prosthesis upper surface, 6, first counter bore structure, 7, second counter bore structure, 8, protruding position, 9, network structure, 10, N cervical vertebra prosthesis lower surface.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The method for preparing the personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis by computer aided design is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model;
step 2: measuring parameters of cervical vertebrae invaded by a tumor of a patient, wherein the Nth cervical vertebrae are cervical vertebrae invaded by the tumor of the patient;
step 3: designing the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the normal cervical vertebra appearance as a reference and taking measured cervical vertebra parameters of a patient as a standard;
step 4: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis extends downwards to form a handle part of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis in the right front direction of the N+1th cervical vertebra, the handle part is attached to the N+1th cervical vertebra, and a handle part nail channel is arranged on the handle part and used for fixing the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to the N+1th cervical vertebra;
an N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and is used for fixing the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and the N-1 cervical vertebra.
Step 5: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is implanted, protrusions which are matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra are designed on the upper part and the lower part of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, and the implantation position of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is ensured to be completely the same as the computer aided design position;
step 6: and manufacturing the Nth cervical prosthesis according to the acquired Nth cervical prosthesis parameters in the cervical vertebrae.
And step 4, designing protruding parts on the front edge of the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to compensate partial end plates of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or the (n+1) th cervical vertebra upper end plate corroded by tumors.
The step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of cutting the front edge of the lower end plate of the N-1 cervical vertebra and/or the upper end plate of the N+1 cervical vertebra, in particular to the step of simulating and cutting a part of the lower end plate of the N-1 cervical vertebra and/or the front edge of the N+1 cervical vertebra of a patient before the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is put into the cervical vertebra in a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model so as to place the front edge design protruding parts on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis.
The method comprises the steps of 1, establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, specifically collecting tomographic CT data of the complete cervical vertebra of a patient, storing the tomographic data in a DICOM image format, and establishing the three-dimensional cervical vertebra model through three-dimensional reconstruction software;
preferably, the three-dimensional cervical model includes an nth cervical vertebra, which is a cervical vertebra invaded by a tumor of a patient, and adjacent N-1 th cervical vertebra and n+1 th cervical vertebra models.
The parameters of the cervical vertebra invaded by the tumor of the patient are measured in the step 2, wherein the parameters comprise the length, the width, the height and the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra invaded by the tumor of the patient;
the method also comprises the step of measuring the distance from the lower endplate of the N-1 cervical vertebra to the upper endplate of the N+1 cervical vertebra, the range involved by the N-1 cervical vertebra and the distance from the arteriovenous nerve to the front edge of the N cervical vertebra.
Step 3, the modeling software adopts a mimics reconstruction software;
the upper and lower surfaces of the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the sizes of the adjacent N-1-th cervical vertebra and the N-1-th cervical vertebra endplate.
In the step 4, the middle part of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged from bottom to top to the upper surface of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis.
The Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis body part is of a mesh-shaped structure.
The computer aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis comprises a cervical vertebra prosthesis and is characterized in that the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1, a handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle nail channel 3 is arranged at the handle 2, and an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is arranged in the middle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis.
N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
the front edge of the upper surface 5 and/or the lower surface 10 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is designed with a protruding part 8;
the upper surface 5 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the lower surface 10 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra.
The middle part of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is provided with an upper surface 5 from bottom to top to the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis;
the handle 2 is provided with a handle nail way 3, and the handle nail way 3 is perpendicular to the handle 2;
the shank nail channel 3 is inserted with a screw to connect the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the (n+1) th cervical vertebra;
the shank nail channel 3 is provided with a first counter bore structure 6, and the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is provided with a second counter bore structure 7;
the outer surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 adopts a reticular structure 9;
the diameter of the shank nail channel 3 is 3-5mm, and the diameter of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is 3-5mm.
The N cervical vertebra prosthesis adopts a hollow structure, effectively reduces weight on the premise of ensuring strength, and can be used for being placed into an intramedullary nail and used for connecting the N+1th cervical vertebra, the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and the N-1th cervical vertebra.
Example 1
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The method for preparing the personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis by computer aided design is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model;
step 2: measuring parameters of cervical vertebrae invaded by a tumor of a patient, wherein the Nth cervical vertebrae are cervical vertebrae invaded by the tumor of the patient;
step 3: designing the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the normal cervical vertebra appearance as a reference and taking measured cervical vertebra parameters of a patient as a standard;
step 4: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis extends downwards to form a handle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis in the right front direction of the N+1th cervical vertebra, and a handle nail channel is arranged on the handle and is used for fixing the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to the N+1th cervical vertebra;
an N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and is used for fixing the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and the N-1 cervical vertebra.
Step 5: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is implanted, protrusions which are matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra are designed on the upper part and the lower part of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, and the implantation position of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is ensured to be completely the same as the computer aided design position;
step 6: and manufacturing the Nth cervical prosthesis according to the parameters of the Nth cervical prosthesis acquired from the cervical vertebrae in the steps.
In the step 2, N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
and step 4, designing protruding parts on the front edge of the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to compensate partial end plates of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or the (n+1) th cervical vertebra upper end plate corroded by tumors.
Further, the step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of cutting the front edge of the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or the N+1 cervical vertebra upper end plate, in particular to the step that in a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or a part of the N+1 cervical vertebra front edge of a patient need to be simulated and cut before the N cervical vertebra prosthesis is put into the cervical vertebra, so that the protruding part is designed on the upper surface and/or the front edge of the lower surface of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis.
The computer aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis comprises a cervical vertebra prosthesis and is characterized in that the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1, a handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle nail channel 3 is arranged at the handle 2, and an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is arranged in the middle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis.
N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
the front edge of the upper surface 5 and/or the lower surface 10 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is designed with a protruding part 8;
the upper surface 5 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the lower surface 10 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra.
Example 2
The method for preparing the personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis by computer aided design is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model;
step 2: measuring parameters of cervical vertebrae invaded by a tumor of a patient, wherein the Nth cervical vertebrae are cervical vertebrae invaded by the tumor of the patient;
step 3: designing the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the normal cervical vertebra appearance as a reference and taking measured cervical vertebra parameters of a patient as a standard;
step 4: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis extends downwards to form a handle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis in the right front direction of the N+1th cervical vertebra, and a handle nail channel is arranged on the handle and is used for fixing the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to the N+1th cervical vertebra;
an N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and is used for fixing the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and the N-1 cervical vertebra.
Step 5: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is implanted, protrusions which are matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra are designed on the upper part and the lower part of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, and the implantation position of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is ensured to be completely the same as the computer aided design position;
step 6: and manufacturing the Nth cervical prosthesis according to the parameters of the Nth cervical prosthesis acquired from the cervical vertebrae in the steps.
In the step 2, N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
the step 4 also comprises designing a protruding part at the front edge of the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to compensate for the part of the endplate of the N-1 th cervical vertebra lower endplate eroded by the tumor.
The step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of cutting the front edge of the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate, in particular to the step of simulating and cutting a part of the front edge of the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate of a patient before the N-1 cervical vertebra prosthesis is placed in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model so as to place the front edge design protruding part on the upper surface of the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis.
The method comprises the steps of 1, establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, specifically collecting tomographic CT data of the complete cervical vertebra of a patient, storing the tomographic data in a DICOM image format, and establishing the three-dimensional cervical vertebra model through three-dimensional reconstruction software;
preferably, the three-dimensional cervical model includes an nth cervical vertebra, which is a cervical vertebra invaded by a tumor of a patient, and adjacent N-1 th cervical vertebra and n+1 th cervical vertebra models.
The parameters of the cervical vertebra invaded by the tumor of the patient are measured in the step 2, wherein the parameters comprise the length, the width, the height and the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra invaded by the tumor of the patient;
the method also comprises the step of measuring the distance from the lower endplate of the N-1 cervical vertebra to the upper endplate of the N+1 cervical vertebra, the range involved by the N-1 cervical vertebra and the distance from the arteriovenous nerve to the front edge of the N cervical vertebra.
Step 3, the modeling software adopts a mimics reconstruction software;
the upper and lower surfaces of the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the sizes of the adjacent N-1-th cervical vertebra and the N-1-th cervical vertebra endplate.
The computer aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis comprises a cervical vertebra prosthesis and is characterized in that the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1, a handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle nail channel 3 is arranged at the handle 2, and an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is arranged in the middle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis.
N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
the front edge of the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 is provided with a protruding part 7;
the N cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 is respectively anastomosed with the adjacent N+1th cervical vertebra and the N-1 th cervical vertebra from top to bottom.
The handle 2 is provided with a handle nail way 3, and the handle nail way 3 is perpendicular to the handle 2;
the shank nail channel 3 is inserted with a screw to connect the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the (n+1) th cervical vertebra;
the shank nail channel 3 is provided with a counter bore structure 8, and the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is provided with the counter bore structure 8.
Example 3
The method for preparing the personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis by computer aided design is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model;
step 2: measuring parameters of cervical vertebrae invaded by a tumor of a patient, wherein the Nth cervical vertebrae are cervical vertebrae invaded by the tumor of the patient;
step 3: designing the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the normal cervical vertebra appearance as a reference and taking measured cervical vertebra parameters of a patient as a standard;
step 4: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis extends downwards to form a handle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis in the right front direction of the N+1th cervical vertebra, and a handle nail channel is arranged on the handle and is used for fixing the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to the N+1th cervical vertebra;
an N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and is used for fixing the N cervical vertebra prosthesis and the N-1 cervical vertebra.
Step 5: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is implanted, protrusions which are matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra are designed on the upper part and the lower part of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, and the implantation position of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is ensured to be completely the same as the computer aided design position;
step 6: and manufacturing the Nth cervical prosthesis according to the parameters of the Nth cervical prosthesis acquired from the cervical vertebrae in the steps.
In the step 2, N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
the step 4 also comprises designing a protruding part at the front edge of the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to compensate for the part of the endplate of the N-1 th cervical vertebra lower endplate eroded by the tumor.
The step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of cutting the front edge of the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate, in particular to the step of simulating and cutting a part of the front edge of the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate of a patient before the N-1 cervical vertebra prosthesis is placed in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model so as to place the front edge design protruding part on the upper surface of the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis.
The method comprises the steps of 1, establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, specifically collecting tomographic CT data of the complete cervical vertebra of a patient, storing the tomographic data in a DICOM image format, and establishing the three-dimensional cervical vertebra model through three-dimensional reconstruction software;
preferably, the three-dimensional cervical model includes an nth cervical vertebra, which is a cervical vertebra invaded by a tumor of a patient, and adjacent N-1 th cervical vertebra and n+1 th cervical vertebra models.
The parameters of the cervical vertebra invaded by the tumor of the patient are measured in the step 2, wherein the parameters comprise the length, the width, the height and the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra invaded by the tumor of the patient;
the method also comprises the step of measuring the distance from the lower endplate of the N-1 cervical vertebra to the upper endplate of the N+1 cervical vertebra, the range involved by the N-1 cervical vertebra and the distance from the arteriovenous nerve to the front edge of the N cervical vertebra.
Step 3, the modeling software adopts a mimics reconstruction software;
the upper and lower surfaces of the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the sizes of the adjacent N-1-th cervical vertebra and the N-1-th cervical vertebra endplate.
In the step 4, the middle part of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged from bottom to top to the upper surface of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis.
The Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis body part is of a mesh-shaped structure.
The computer aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis comprises a cervical vertebra prosthesis and is characterized in that the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1, a handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle nail channel 3 is arranged at the handle 2, and an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is arranged in the middle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis.
N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
the front edge of the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 is provided with a protruding part 8;
the upper surface 5 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the lower surface 10 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra.
The middle part of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is provided with an upper surface 5 from bottom to top to the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis;
the handle 2 is provided with a handle nail way 3, and the handle nail way 3 is perpendicular to the handle 2;
the shank nail channel 3 is inserted with a screw to connect the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the (n+1) th cervical vertebra;
the shank nail channel 3 is provided with a first counter bore structure 6, and the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is provided with a second counter bore structure 7;
the outer surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 adopts a reticular structure 9;
the diameter of the shank nail channel 3 is 3-5mm, and the diameter of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is 3-5mm.
Example 4
The manufacturing method for the personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis through computer aided design comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting CT data of neck tomography of a patient, storing the CT data in a DICOM image format, and establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model by three-dimensional reconstruction software, wherein the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model comprises a second cervical vertebra, a third cervical vertebra, a fourth cervical vertebra and the like;
and 2, measuring parameters such as length, width, height and the like of the cervical three-cone affected by the tumor of the patient, and simultaneously comprising the distance from the lower end plate of the cervical two-cone to the upper end plate of the cervical four-cone, the range involved by the cervical two-cone and the distance from the arteriovenous nerve to the front edge of the cervical three-cone.
Step 3, designing the appearance of the cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the appearance of the normal cervical vertebra as a reference and measuring the relevant parameters of the cervical vertebra of the patient as a standard; the upper and lower surfaces of the cervical vertebra prosthesis are slightly smaller than the two-neck four-endplate.
And 4, extending the prosthesis downwards to form a handle part of the prosthesis in the right front direction of the four necks, attaching the four necks of the handle part, arranging a pore canal on the handle part for fixing the prosthesis on the four vertebrae of the neck, and arranging a nail hole running from right to left at the middle part of the prosthesis for fixing the prosthesis and the two vertebrae of the neck. Meanwhile, the prosthesis body is designed into a mesh-shaped structure so as to facilitate bone ingrowth, and a slightly protruding part is designed at the front edge of the upper surface of the neck three-neck body so as to compensate for the part of the end plate of the lower end plate of the neck which is eroded by the tumor.
And 5, cutting off a part of the front edge of the second lower endplate of the neck of the patient before the cervical vertebra is placed into the cervical vertebra, so that the protruding part above the cervical vertebra is placed in the forehead.
And 6, in order to ensure that the placement position is completely the same as the computer-aided design position when the prosthesis is implanted, protrusions which are matched with the neck two in four are designed on the upper part and the lower part of the prosthesis so as to ensure the accuracy of the placement position of the prosthesis.
Step 7: and manufacturing the Nth cervical prosthesis according to the parameters of the Nth cervical prosthesis acquired from the cervical vertebrae in the steps.
The computer aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis comprises a cervical vertebra prosthesis and is characterized in that the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1, a handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle nail channel 3 is arranged at the handle 2, and an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is arranged in the middle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis.
N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
the front edge of the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 is provided with a protruding part 8;
the upper surface 5 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the lower surface 10 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra.
The middle part of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is provided with an upper surface 5 from bottom to top to the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis;
the handle 2 is provided with a handle nail way 3, and the handle nail way 3 is perpendicular to the handle 2;
the shank nail channel 3 is inserted with a screw to connect the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the (n+1) th cervical vertebra;
the shank nail channel 3 is provided with a first counter bore structure 6, and the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is provided with a second counter bore structure 7; the countersink structure can avoid the protruding wearing of the nail cap and the soft tissue, and is favorable for recovery.
The outer surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 adopts a reticular structure 9;
the diameter of the shank nail channel 3 is 3-5mm, and the diameter of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is 3-5 mm;
the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model is modified by multiple experiments, and the diameter of the shank nail channel 3 is determined to be 4mm, and the diameter of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is determined to be 4mm.
Example 5
The embodiment is a manufacturing method for computer-aided design of an individual cervical vertebra prosthesis applied to cervical vertebra cartilage tumor cases.
Collecting CT data of the neck of a patient, storing the CT data in a DICOM image format, and establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model by three-dimensional reconstruction software, wherein the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model comprises a second cervical vertebra, a third cervical vertebra, a fourth cervical vertebra and the like;
and measuring parameters such as length, width, height and the like of the cervical three-cone affected by the tumor of the patient, and simultaneously comprising the distance from the lower end plate of the cervical two-cone to the upper end plate of the cervical four-cone, the range involved by the cervical two-cone and the distance from the arteriovenous nerve to the front edge of the cervical three-cone. The cervical vertebra prosthesis has moderate volume, the maximum range reserves the non-infringed vertebral arch part, the cervical vertebra movement range of the patient is recovered to the greatest extent, and the fracture probability of the cervical vertebra prosthesis is reduced.
Designing the appearance of the cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the appearance of the normal cervical vertebra as a reference and measuring the relevant parameters of the cervical vertebra of a patient as a standard; the upper and lower surfaces of the cervical vertebra prosthesis are slightly smaller than the two-neck four-endplate. The cervical vertebra prosthesis can recover the cervical movement range of the patient to the maximum extent and reduce the fracture probability of the cervical vertebra prosthesis.
The body and the handle of the cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively provided with a pore canal with the diameter of 3-5mm, the size of the handle is 7.81-9.81mm wide, and the height is 10.42-11.42 mm high; the upper part of the cervical vertebra prosthesis is 9.23-11.23mm long, and the lower part is 10.53-12.53 mm long; 7.81-9.81mm wide; the height is 10.42mm-11.42mmm; the prosthesis body is designed into a multi-hollow net structure, the three-dimensional model of the cervical vertebra is modified through multiple experiments, the diameter of the shank nail channel 3 is determined to be 4mm, the diameter of the N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is determined to be 4mm, the upper surface of the cervical vertebra prosthesis body is 10.23mm long, and the lower surface of the cervical vertebra prosthesis body is 11.53mm long; width 8.81mm; 11.42mm high; the cervical vertebra prosthesis body is designed into a multi-hollow net structure, so that the bone and the cervical vertebra prosthesis are firmly combined, the structure is more stable, and recovery is facilitated.
And manufacturing the Nth cervical prosthesis according to the parameters of the Nth cervical prosthesis acquired from the cervical vertebrae in the steps.
The computer aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis comprises a cervical vertebra prosthesis, wherein the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1, a handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle nail channel 3 is arranged at the handle 2, and an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is arranged in the middle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis. N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6; the front edge of the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 is provided with a protruding part 8;
the upper surface 5 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the lower surface 10 of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra. The middle part of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is provided with an upper surface 5 from bottom to top to the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis; the handle 2 is provided with a handle nail way 3, and the handle nail way 3 is perpendicular to the handle 2; the shank nail channel 3 is inserted with a screw to connect the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the (n+1) th cervical vertebra; the shank nail channel 3 is provided with a first counter bore structure 6, and the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is provided with a second counter bore structure 7; the countersink structure can avoid the protruding wearing of the nail cap and the soft tissue, and is favorable for recovery. The outer surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis 1 adopts a reticular structure 9; the diameter of the shank nail channel 3 is 3-5mm, and the diameter of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is 3-5 mm; the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model is modified by multiple experiments, and the diameter of the shank nail channel 3 is determined to be 4mm, and the diameter of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel 4 is determined to be 4mm. The upper surface of the cervical vertebra prosthesis is 10.23mm long, and the lower surface is 11.53mm long; width 8.81mm; 11.42mm high; the cervical vertebra prosthesis body is designed into a multi-hollow net structure so as to facilitate the firm combination of the bone and the cervical vertebra prosthesis, and the structure is more stable, thereby being beneficial to recovery
Compared with the prior art, the cervical vertebra prosthesis manufactured by the method has moderate volume, the maximum range reserves the non-infringed vertebral arch part, the cervical part movement range of a patient is recovered to the greatest extent, the fracture probability of the cervical vertebra prosthesis is reduced, and the stability of the prosthesis and surrounding tissues is improved.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the invention has been presented only to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for preparing the personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis by computer aided design is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: establishing a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, wherein the three-dimensional cervical vertebra model comprises an Nth cervical vertebra and adjacent Nth-1 cervical vertebra and (n+1) th cervical vertebra models;
step 2: measuring parameters of cervical vertebrae invaded by a tumor of a patient, wherein the Nth cervical vertebrae are cervical vertebrae invaded by the tumor of the patient;
step 3: designing the appearance of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis by using modeling software and taking the normal cervical vertebra appearance as a reference and taking measured cervical vertebra parameters of a patient as a standard;
step 4: in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis extends downwards to form a handle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis in the right front direction of the N+1th cervical vertebra, and a handle nail channel is arranged on the handle and is used for fixing the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to the N+1th cervical vertebra;
an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis and is used for fixing the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis and the N-1 th cervical vertebra;
step 5: implanting an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis in the cervical vertebra three-dimensional model, wherein the upper and lower parts of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and the adjacent (N-1) th cervical vertebra, so that the implantation position of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is ensured to be completely the same as the computer aided design position;
step 6: manufacturing an Nth cervical prosthesis according to the Nth cervical prosthesis parameters acquired in the cervical vertebrae in the steps;
in the step 2, N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 6;
the step 4 also comprises designing a protruding part at the front edge of the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis to compensate for the part of the endplate of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra lower endplate and/or the N+1th cervical vertebra upper endplate eroded by the tumor;
the step 4 and the step 5 also comprise the step of cutting the front edge of the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or the N+1 cervical vertebra upper end plate, in particular to the step of simulating and cutting a part of the N-1 cervical vertebra lower end plate and/or the N+1 cervical vertebra front edge of a patient before the N cervical vertebra prosthesis is put into the cervical vertebra in a cervical vertebra three-dimensional model so as to place the front edge design protruding parts on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the N cervical vertebra prosthesis.
2. The method for constructing a three-dimensional model of cervical vertebrae by computer aided design according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the three-dimensional model of cervical vertebrae is constructed by acquiring tomographic CT data of the entire cervical vertebrae of a patient, storing the tomographic data in DICOM image format, and constructing the three-dimensional model of cervical vertebrae by three-dimensional reconstruction software.
3. The method for the computer aided design of an individualized cervical prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 of measuring parameters of the cervical vertebrae affected by the tumor of the patient includes length, width, height and shape of the nth cervical vertebrae affected by the tumor of the patient;
the method also comprises the step of measuring the distance from the lower endplate of the N-1 cervical vertebra to the upper endplate of the N+1 cervical vertebra, the range involved by the N-1 cervical vertebra and the distance from the arteriovenous nerve to the front edge of the N cervical vertebra.
4. The method for constructing the personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis by the computer aided design of claim 1, wherein the modeling software of the step 3 adopts mimics reconstruction software;
the upper and lower surfaces of the N-th cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the sizes of the adjacent N-1-th cervical vertebra and the N-1-th cervical vertebra endplate.
5. The method for constructing a personalized cervical vertebra prosthesis by computer aided design according to claim 1, wherein the middle part of the N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel in the step 4 is provided with the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis from bottom to top.
6. The method for constructing a computer-aided design personalized cervical prosthesis of claim 5, wherein the nth cervical prosthesis portion is of a mesh-like structure.
7. The cervical vertebra prosthesis manufactured by the method for manufacturing the computer-aided design individuation cervical vertebra prosthesis comprises a cervical vertebra prosthesis and is characterized in that the cervical vertebra prosthesis is an Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle is arranged at the upper end of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis, a handle nail channel is arranged on the handle, and an N-1 th cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is arranged in the middle of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis.
8. The cervical vertebrae prosthesis of claim 7, wherein N is 2 or more and 6 or less;
the front edge of the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis is designed with a protruding part;
the upper and lower parts of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis are respectively matched with the adjacent (n+1) th cervical vertebra and (N-1) th cervical vertebra;
the middle part of the Nth-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is provided with the upper surface of the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis from bottom to top in an inclined way;
the handle is provided with a handle nail path which is perpendicular to the handle;
the shank nail channel inserting screw is connected with the Nth cervical vertebra prosthesis and the (n+1) th cervical vertebra;
the shank nail channel is provided with a counter bore structure, and the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail channel is provided with a counter bore structure;
the outer surface of the cervical vertebra prosthesis adopts a reticular structure;
the diameter of the shank nail path is 3-5mm, and the diameter of the N-1 cervical vertebra fixing nail path is 3-5mm.
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| CN102319129A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-01-18 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 | Fusion prosthesis |
| CN105726170A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-07-06 | 广州粤倍生物科技有限公司 | Individual osteosarcoma cervical vertebra prosthesis |
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| CN106175998A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-07 | 李鹏 | A kind of personalized prosthese and preparation method thereof and using method |
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| GB0425546D0 (en) * | 2004-11-20 | 2004-12-22 | Wang Dajue | Spinal prostheses |
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| CN102319129A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-01-18 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 | Fusion prosthesis |
| CN105726170A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-07-06 | 广州粤倍生物科技有限公司 | Individual osteosarcoma cervical vertebra prosthesis |
| CN105748177A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-13 | 华南理工大学 | Personalized spine implantation prosthesis with bionic micropores and manufacturing method thereof |
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