CN110307066B - Automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on pulse tube generator - Google Patents
Automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on pulse tube generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110307066B CN110307066B CN201910464304.6A CN201910464304A CN110307066B CN 110307066 B CN110307066 B CN 110307066B CN 201910464304 A CN201910464304 A CN 201910464304A CN 110307066 B CN110307066 B CN 110307066B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
- F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/06—Superheaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on a pulse tube generator, which comprises an expander (1) with power recovery capability, a pulse tube generator thermal head (2), a heat exchange system (3) and a rectification system (4), wherein the heat exchange system (3) extracts heat from high-temperature exhaust and releases heat to a room temperature end, the transmission of sound power from the high-temperature end to the high-temperature end and the circulation process of working media in the expander (1) and the pulse tube generator thermal head (2) are completed through the simple harmonic motion of a piston in the expander (1) with the power recovery capability, and the piston in the expander (1) moves to generate electric energy to complete the power generation process. Then the automobile storage battery is charged through the rectifying system (4). Compared with the prior art, the invention can reduce the thermal pollution of the automobile, simultaneously recover the heat energy and provide power for the automobile again, realize the forward circulation of energy conservation and emission reduction in the automobile, has no moving part at a high-temperature end, has no high-precision matching requirement, has low machining difficulty, and improves the reliability of the system and the feasibility of machining and manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waste heat power generation device, in particular to an automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on a pulse tube generator.
Background
The part of the energy released by the combustion of the fuel, which is converted into mechanical energy by the internal combustion engine, accounts for only one third of the total energy, and most of the energy is taken away by the exhaust gas of the automobile and is released into the atmosphere. On one hand, the emission of a large amount of greenhouse gases causes environmental pollution, and on the other hand, a large amount of heat is discharged without utilization, thereby causing energy waste. If the waste heat of the automobile can be fully utilized, part of the waste heat is converted into electric energy or automobile kinetic energy, the energy utilization rate is improved, the energy consumption of the automobile is reduced, the running mileage of the automobile is increased, the oil consumption is reduced, the emission of greenhouse gas is reduced, and the method has important significance on environment, economy and energy safety.
However, because of the low grade of the waste heat of the automobile exhaust and the particularity of the automobile, most of the existing automobile exhaust waste heat recovery devices are in the laboratory stage, and have respective disadvantages, and are difficult to be put into practical use: the semiconductor thermoelectric generation has low thermal efficiency and poor long-term operation reliability; the waste turbocharging has great influence on the emission of automobile exhaust; the Rankine cycle is complex in structure and huge in size; the Stirling generator has high machining precision requirement, difficult assembly and complex movement.
The pulse tube generator is a reverse circulation of pulse tube refrigerator, its moving parts are all at room temp., so that it possesses high reliability, at the same time it possesses the characteristics of high heat efficiency and low cost. If the pulse tube generator can be transformed into the automobile exhaust waste heat recovery device, the pulse tube generator can generate electricity by using the automobile exhaust waste heat, and a large amount of energy can be saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the automobile exhaust waste heat recovery device based on the pulse tube generator, which can reduce the automobile heat pollution, recover heat energy and provide power for the automobile again, realize the forward circulation of energy conservation and emission reduction in the automobile, has no moving part at a high-temperature end, has no high-precision matching requirement, has low machining difficulty and improves the system reliability and the feasibility of machining and manufacturing.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on pulse tube generator, includes pulse tube generator and rectifier system, and wherein pulse tube generator one end is arranged in automobile exhaust pipeline, and the rectifier system is connected to the other end, catches automobile exhaust's heat through pulse tube generator and does work and produce the electric energy, and rethread rectifier system stores the gained electric energy in the battery.
Further, the pulse tube generator comprises an expander with work recovery capacity, a pulse tube generator thermal head and a heat exchange system; the expander comprises an expander cylinder with a work recovery cavity at the top, and at least one group of expansion pistons and work recovery pistons which are coaxially arranged in the expander cylinder, wherein the expander expansion cavity is formed between the expansion pistons and the work recovery pistons, and a back cavity formed by the work recovery pistons and the cylinder forms an expander work recovery cavity; the heat head of the pulse tube generator can recover heat in automobile exhaust through a heat exchange system, the heat is released at a room temperature end, the heat is expanded in an expansion cavity of the expander to do work to generate electric energy, and the work recovery cavity of the expander recovers part of expansion work transferred by gas expansion at the room temperature end of the pulse tube.
Furthermore, the expander also comprises one or more groups of linear motors, wherein when one group of linear motors is adopted, the linear motors, the group of expansion pistons and the work recovery pistons form the expander with a single-head structure. The linear motor is a linear motor which can be sold on the market conventionally and comprises a moving magnet type, a moving coil type or a moving iron type linear motor, wherein the coil cuts a magnetic induction line to generate induction current and the like. For example, a certain moving magnet type linear motor comprises a magnet, a coil, an inner iron core and an outer iron core, wherein an expansion piston in the linear motor can move together with the magnet, so that the coil cuts a magnetic induction line to generate an induction current, and the induction current charges an automobile storage battery.
Further, the linear motors are provided with two groups, each linear motor is respectively connected with one group of expansion pistons and work recovery pistons, the two groups of structures share one air cylinder to form an expander work recovery cavity and two expander expansion cavities to form the expander with a double-head structure, and the expander further comprises a flexible spring which comprises an expansion piston spring and a work recovery piston spring, wherein the expansion piston spring supports the expansion pistons, and the work recovery piston spring supports the work recovery pistons.
Furthermore, the thermal head of the pulse tube generator comprises a pulse tube room temperature end connecting pipe, a pulse tube room temperature end gas homogenizer, a pulse tube, a thermal head high temperature end heat exchanger, a heat regenerator, a thermal head room temperature end heat exchanger and a heat regenerator room temperature end connecting pipe which are connected in sequence; the heat regenerator room temperature end connecting pipe is connected with an expansion cavity of the expander and a room temperature end of the heat regenerator, and the pulse tube room temperature end connecting pipe is connected with a power recovery cavity of the expander and a room temperature end of a pulse tube.
Further, the heat exchange system comprises a high-temperature end heat exchange system and a room-temperature end heat exchange system; the high-temperature end heat exchange system is connected with the hot head high-temperature end heat exchanger and the automobile exhaust main pipe, and the room-temperature end heat exchange system is connected with the hot head room-temperature end heat exchanger and the cooling medium.
Furthermore, the high-temperature end heat exchange system is of a fin structure or a heat pipe heat absorption structure formed by one or more high-temperature heat pipes. The fin structure is a high-temperature end fin heat exchanger adopting a straight rib structure, high-temperature resistant red copper or silicon carbide is used as a main material, the high-temperature end fin heat exchanger is connected with the top surface of the high-temperature heat exchanger of the hot head and jointly extends into an automobile exhaust main pipe, and the heat absorption process of the high-temperature heat exchanger to automobile exhaust is completed through forced flow of gas in the pipe; the heat pipe heat absorption structure adopts one or more high-temperature heat pipes, the evaporation section of each high-temperature heat pipe is wound on the automobile exhaust main pipe and is in thermal contact with the pipe wall, the condensation section of each high-temperature heat pipe is riveted with the hot-head high-temperature heat exchanger, and the heat conduction between the hot-head high-temperature heat exchanger and automobile exhaust is completed through the heat exchange in the high-temperature heat pipes.
Further, the heat exchange system at the room temperature end is a fin heat dissipation structure or a water cooling sleeve structure. The fin heat dissipation structure is a room temperature end fin heat exchanger adopting an annular rib structure, the back face of each fin is coaxially connected with the hot head room temperature heat exchanger in an interference fit mode, and the front face of each fin exchanges heat with air in a convection mode. The water cooling jacket structure is characterized in that the inner side of the thermal head room temperature end heat exchanger is in contact heat exchange with a helium working medium, the outer contact surface adopts a liquid pipeline, and a water cooling jacket provided with two liquid water nozzles is sleeved on the outer contact surface, so that the heat release process from the thermal head room temperature end heat exchanger to cooling liquid is completed.
Furthermore, the relative position of the automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device and the automobile exhaust pipe is arbitrary.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the hybrid vehicle has practical value. The low-grade heat energy of the automobile exhaust is directly utilized and converted into electric energy to charge the automobile, the heat energy is recovered to provide power for the automobile again while the heat pollution of the automobile is reduced, and the forward circulation of energy conservation and emission reduction in the automobile is realized.
(2) Different from a common waste heat recovery mode, the invention adopts the expander with the power recovery capability, the heat head of the pulse tube generator and the heat exchange system to finish the conversion of heat energy into electric energy, has no moving part at a high temperature end, has no high-precision matching requirement, has low machining difficulty, and improves the system reliability and the feasibility of machining and manufacturing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on a pulse tube generator in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on a pulse tube generator in embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on a pulse tube generator in embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on a pulse tube generator in embodiment 4;
the reference numbers in the figures indicate: the double-head expander comprises a double-head expander 0, an expander 1, an expander expansion cavity 101, an expander work recovery cavity 102, an expansion piston 11, a work recovery piston 15, an expander cylinder 12, a flexible spring 16, a linear motor 14, an expansion piston spring 161, a work recovery spring 162, a magnet 142, a coil 143, an inner iron core 144, an outer iron core 145, a pulse tube generator thermal head 2, a pulse tube room temperature end connecting pipe 21, a pulse tube room temperature end gas homogenizer 22, a pulse tube 23, a thermal head high temperature end heat exchanger 24, a thermal head 25, a thermal head room temperature end heat exchanger 26, a regenerator room temperature end connecting pipe 27, a heat exchange system 3, a high temperature end heat exchange system 31, a room temperature end heat exchange system 32, a high temperature end fin heat exchanger 311, a room temperature end fin heat exchanger 321, a high temperature end 312, a water cooling jacket 322, a liquid pipeline 323, an automobile exhaust main 313 and a rectifying system 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A pulse tube generator-based automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device is shown in figure 1 and comprises an expansion machine 1 with a single power recovery capacity, a pulse tube generator thermal head 2, a heat exchange system 3 and a rectification system 4.
An expander expansion cavity 101 is formed between the expansion piston 11 and the work recovery piston 15 in the expander cylinder 12, and a back cavity formed by the cylinder 12 and the work recovery piston 15 forms an expander work recovery cavity 102;
the pulse tube generator thermal head 2 is formed by sequentially connecting a pulse tube room temperature end connecting pipe 21, a pulse tube room temperature end gas homogenizer 22, a pulse tube 23, a thermal head high temperature end heat exchanger 24, a heat regenerator 25, a thermal head room temperature end heat exchanger 26 and a heat regenerator room temperature end connecting pipe 27;
the regenerator room temperature end connecting pipe 27 is connected with an expander expansion cavity 101 and a regenerator room temperature end, and the pulse tube room temperature end connecting pipe 21 is connected with an expander work recovery cavity 102 and a pulse tube room temperature end; the heat exchange system 3 comprises a high-temperature end heat exchange system 31 and a room-temperature end heat exchange system 32;
the high-temperature end heat exchange system 31 is connected with the hot head high-temperature end heat exchanger 24 and the automobile exhaust pipe 313 to realize the heat absorption process from the automobile exhaust, the room-temperature end heat exchange system 32 is connected with the hot head room-temperature end heat exchanger 26 and a cooling medium to realize the cooling and heat release of the room-temperature end, the process of inputting from the high-temperature end and outputting to the room-temperature end is completed successfully, a certain dynamic phase difference formed between the expansion piston 11 and the work recovery piston 15 in the expander 1 with the work recovery capacity enables the expander to work outwards to generate electric energy, and the rectification system 4 with the mature connection technology charges the automobile storage battery.
The expander 1 comprises an expansion piston 11, a work recovery piston 15, an expander cylinder 12, a flexible spring 16 and a linear motor 14. The expansion piston 11 and the work recovery piston 15 are coaxially arranged, the expansion piston 11 and the work recovery piston 15 reciprocate in the expansion machine cylinder 12, the space between the expansion piston 11, the work recovery piston 15 and the expansion machine cylinder 12 forms an expansion machine expansion cavity 101, and the space between the work recovery piston 15 and the expansion machine cylinder 12 forms an expansion machine work recovery cavity 102;
the flexible spring 16 includes an expansion piston spring 161 and a work recovery piston spring 162, the expansion piston spring 161 supporting the expansion piston 11, the work recovery piston spring 162 supporting the work recovery piston 15;
the linear motor 14 comprises a magnet 142, a coil 143, an inner iron core 144 and an outer iron core 145, and the linear motor 14 is of a moving magnet type; the magnet 142 moves together with the expansion piston 11 through a magnet support or a coil support, and the coil 143 cuts the magnetic induction line, generating an induced current.
By adjusting the natural frequency of the expansion piston 11 and the work recovery piston 15, the phase angle between the expansion piston 11 and the work recovery piston 15 can be adjusted, so that the expansion piston 11 and the work recovery piston 15 keep a phase difference, the phase difference enables work to be input from the hot end to the cold end of the pulse tube 23, the heat exchanger 24 at the high temperature end of the hot end absorbs heat, the heat exchanger 26 at the room temperature end of the hot end releases heat, the expansion machine expands to do work outwards, and the reciprocating motion of the pistons realizes the circulating reciprocating motion of a working medium in the generator.
The high-temperature end heat exchange system 31 comprises a high-temperature end fin heat exchanger 311, the high-temperature end fin heat exchanger 311 adopts a straight rib design, high-temperature-resistant red copper is used as a main material, the high-temperature end fin heat exchanger 311 is connected with the top surface of the heat head high-temperature heat exchanger 24 and jointly extends into an automobile exhaust main pipe, and the heat absorption process of the heat head high-temperature heat exchanger 24 to automobile exhaust is completed through forced flow of gas in the pipe;
the room temperature end heat exchange system 32 comprises a room temperature end fin heat exchanger 321, the room temperature end fin heat exchanger 321 adopts a ring rib design, the back surface of the fin is coaxially connected with the hot head room temperature heat exchanger 26 in an interference fit manner, and the front surface of the fin carries out heat convection with air.
When the automobile exhaust heat recovery device works, heat absorbed from automobile exhaust is transmitted to the expander work recovery cavity 102 through the high-temperature end heat exchange system 31, the pulse tube 23 and the pulse tube room-temperature end connecting pipe 21 to be expanded, the work recovery piston 15 is matched with the work recovery piston spring 162 to complete simple harmonic vibration in the expander 1 with the work recovery piston, meanwhile, heat in the expansion cavity 101 of the expander is transmitted to the room-temperature end heat exchange system 32 through the heat regenerator room-temperature end connecting pipe 27 to be cooled, so that the expansion cavity of the expander contracts 101 and is matched with the expansion piston spring 161 to enable the expansion piston 11 to do simple harmonic vibration, finally, a certain dynamic phase difference formed between the expansion piston 11 and the work recovery piston 15 enables the expander 1 with the work recovery capacity to do work outwards, the coil 143 cuts a magnetic induction line to generate induced current, and then the automobile storage battery is charged through the rectifying system 4.
Example 2
The automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device based on the pulse tube generator is different from the embodiment 1 in that two expanders 1 with work recovery capacity are changed into two double-head symmetrical expanders 0, as shown in fig. 2, two linear motors 14, two expansion pistons 11 and two work recovery pistons 15 are symmetrically arranged, the two expanders are oppositely arranged to share one expander cylinder 12, two expander expansion cavities 101 are formed between the two groups of expansion pistons 11 and the work recovery pistons 15, and work back cavities of the two work recovery pistons are connected to form one expander work recovery cavity 102. The regenerator room temperature end 27 connecting pipe connects the two expander expansion cavities 101 and the regenerator room temperature end, and the pulse tube room temperature end connecting pipe 21 connects the expander work recovery cavity 102 and the pulse tube room temperature end.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the difference between the device and embodiment 1 is that a high-temperature-end heat exchange system 31 employs one or more high-temperature heat pipes 312, an evaporation section of each high-temperature heat pipe 312 is wound around an automobile exhaust manifold 313 and is in thermal contact with a pipe wall, a condensation section of each high-temperature heat pipe 312 is riveted with a hot-head high-temperature heat exchanger 24, and heat conduction between the hot-head high-temperature heat exchanger 24 and automobile exhaust is completed through heat exchange in the high-temperature heat pipes 312. The linear motor 14 used in this embodiment is of moving magnet type, and includes a magnet 142, a coil 143, an inner core 144, and an outer core 145; the magnet 142 moves together with the expansion piston 11, so that the coil 143 cuts the magnetic induction line, generating an induction current.
Example 4
A pulse tube generator-based automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device is shown in figure 4 and is different from the pulse tube generator-based automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device in embodiment 1 in that a room temperature end heat exchange system 32 is cooled by a liquid medium, the inner side of a hot head room temperature end heat exchanger 26 is in contact heat exchange with a helium working medium, an external contact surface is a liquid pipeline 323, and a water cooling jacket 322 with two liquid water nozzles is sleeved on the external contact surface, so that the heat release process from the hot head room temperature end heat exchanger 26 to cooling liquid is completed. The high-temperature end fin heat exchanger 311 is designed with straight ribs and uses high-temperature resistant silicon carbide as a main material.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art may make changes, substitutions, modifications, and simplifications in the spirit of the present invention and equivalent changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The automobile exhaust waste heat recovery charging device based on the pulse tube generator is characterized by comprising the pulse tube generator and a rectifying system, wherein one end of the pulse tube generator is arranged in an automobile exhaust pipeline, the other end of the pulse tube generator is connected with the rectifying system, the pulse tube generator captures heat of automobile exhaust to do work to generate electric energy, and the electric energy is stored in a storage battery through the rectifying system (4);
the pulse tube generator comprises an expander (1) with work recovery capacity, a pulse tube generator thermal head (2) and a heat exchange system (3); the expander (1) comprises an expander cylinder (12) with a work recovery cavity at the top, and at least one group of expansion pistons (11) and work recovery pistons (15) which are coaxially arranged in the expander cylinder (12), wherein an expander expansion cavity (101) is formed between the expansion pistons (11) and the work recovery pistons (15), and a back cavity formed by the work recovery pistons (15) and the cylinder forms an expander work recovery cavity (102); the phase difference of the motion of the work recovery piston (15) and the expansion piston (11) in the expander (1) enables the heat head (2) of the pulse tube generator to recover the heat in the automobile exhaust through the heat exchange system (3), the heat is released at the room temperature end, the heat head expands and works in the expansion cavity (101) of the expander to generate electric energy, and the work recovery cavity (102) of the expander recovers part of expansion work transferred by the gas expansion at the room temperature end of the pulse tube;
the pulse tube generator thermal head (2) comprises a pulse tube room temperature end connecting pipe (21), a pulse tube room temperature end gas homogenizer (22), a pulse tube (23), a thermal head high temperature end heat exchanger (24), a heat regenerator (25), a thermal head room temperature end heat exchanger (26) and a heat regenerator room temperature end connecting pipe (27) which are connected in sequence; the regenerator room temperature end connecting pipe (27) is connected with an expansion cavity (101) of the expander and the room temperature end of the regenerator (25), and the pulse tube room temperature end connecting pipe (21) is connected with a work recovery cavity (102) of the expander and the room temperature end of the pulse tube (23).
2. The automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device based on the pulse tube generator is characterized in that the expander (1) further comprises a linear motor (14), the linear motor (14) is a moving magnet type, moving coil type or moving iron type linear motor, and the coil cuts magnetic induction lines to generate induction current.
3. The automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device based on the pulse tube generator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the linear motors (14) are provided with two groups, each linear motor is respectively connected with one group of expansion pistons (11) and one group of work recovery pistons (15), the two groups of structures share one cylinder to form one expander work recovery cavity (102), and the two expander expansion cavities (101) form an expander with a double-head structure.
4. The pulse tube generator-based automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device is characterized in that the expander (1) further comprises a flexible spring (16), the flexible spring (16) comprises an expansion piston spring (161) and a work recovery piston spring (162), wherein the expansion piston spring (161) supports the expansion piston (11), and the work recovery piston spring (162) supports the work recovery piston (15).
5. The pulse tube generator-based automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange system (3) comprises a high-temperature end heat exchange system (31) and a room-temperature end heat exchange system (32); the high-temperature end heat exchange system (31) is connected with the thermal head high-temperature end heat exchanger (24) and the automobile exhaust main pipe (313), and the room-temperature end heat exchange system (32) is connected with the thermal head room-temperature end heat exchanger (26) and the cooling medium.
6. The automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device based on the pulse tube generator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the high temperature end heat exchange system (31) is of a fin structure or a heat pipe heat absorption structure formed by one or more high temperature heat pipes.
7. The automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device based on the pulse tube generator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the room temperature end heat exchange system (32) is a fin heat dissipation structure or a water cooling jacket structure.
8. The pulse tube generator-based automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the automobile exhaust waste heat recovery and charging device is arbitrarily located relative to an automobile exhaust pipe.
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