CN110293310A - Aluminium molecule is avoided to penetrate into the processing method for silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of processing method for avoiding aluminium molecule from penetrating into silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing, include: provide a laser beam with generate one ellipse or both ends in arc-shaped rectangle laser facula, and make the laser facula middle portion energy be greater than two end energy；The second part that the silicon alloy layer of aluminizing on one machining area of one high-tensile steel is carried out stripping operation by the laser facula, and makes the high-tensile steel being located on the machining area form completely exposed first part and still has the intersheathes of portion of residual to cover；Thus, the present invention can reduce the precision requirement for laser facula in shape and energy, so as to greatly improve the reliability of processing and reduce processing cost, while can also reduce the ratio that aluminium penetrates into welding bead, to improve the metallurgy characteristic of product, and then it can reach more preferably practicability.

Description

Aluminium molecule is avoided to penetrate into the processing method for silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing

Technical field

The present invention relates to the processing technique fields of steel plate, especially with regard to the welding processing side for silicon high-tensile steel of aluminizing Method.

Background technique

In the automotive industry, in order to improve fuel efficiency, one of method is lightweight, and specific way includes (for example) using high-tensile steel, tailor welded or welding high-tensile steel etc..For welding high-tensile steel, due to one As the upper and lower surfaces of such high-tensile steel can be coated with one respectively and aluminize silicon alloy layer, and silicon alloy layer of aluminizing connects with steel plate An intermetallic compounds layer (intermetallic compound, below letter can also have been produced or formed therebetween after touch Claim intersheathes), therefore, when carrying out welding, need first to remove the alusil alloy layer of high-tensile steel its welding region, otherwise aluminium Silicon alloy layer, which can fuse into welding bead and steel plate mother metal, becomes the intermetallic Fe-Al compound of another hard brittleness matter, reduces welding bead intensity And the effect of former base material is not achieved, in this regard, CN101426612B patent discloses a kind of processing method of high-tensile steel, Pass through the laser of energy, short pulse with predefined size, such as the Q-switch that rated energy is 450W, pulse length is 70ns Type laser, and movement speed (such as 20 m/min (m/min)) of the laser beam with respect to plate is controlled, please refer to Fig. 1 institute Show, execute identical laser ablation on two surfaces of steel plate 1, to remove the silicon alloy layer of aluminizing of welding region 21, but still retain intersheathes 22 simultaneously, make as a result, these intersheatheses 22 can protect steel plate 1 in thermoforming not by High temperature corrosion.

However, in the revealed processing method of CN101426612B patent above-mentioned, by aluminizing for welding region Silicon alloy layer 21 completely removes, while still retaining complete intersheathes 22, and such way will face following many when realizing Technical difficulty: firstly, its must use extremely complex integer optical path, so as to by the energy adjusting of laser facula at very Uniform state, and the shape of laser facula is necessary for the rectangle at very right angle, otherwise will lead to aluminize silicon alloy layer 21 can not Completely and equably it is stripped；Secondly as there are two the silicon alloy layers 21 of aluminizing in face to need to remove for a steel plate, and this two Aluminize silicon alloy layer 21 the conditions such as thickness may not exclusively, at this point, in order to meet process requirements above-mentioned, every one side Silicon alloy layer 21 of aluminizing, which must all use an independent laser and arrange in pairs or groups one group, to be used to real-time measurement and feeds back thickness removal shape The optical gauge of state, and a high power laser light can not be used only and be divided as energy to two faces while removing coating, it is no The residual thickness of different silicon alloy layers 21 of aluminizing can be then obtained, further, since the laser that two average output powers are 500W Its price can be higher by 20~40% or more, and two sets of real-time measurement alloys than an average output power is the laser of 1000W The optical gauge of layer intensity of reflected light also very worthy equipment, so that whole be processed into can be greatly improved This.

Therefore, how to be improved regarding to the issue above, as where applicant in this case's technical difficulties to be solved.

Summary of the invention

The above problem present in processing method in view of existing high-tensile steel, therefore it is an object of the invention to send out The processing method for opening up a kind of low cost and reliable high-tensile steel.

To reach the above object, the present invention provide it is a kind of avoid aluminium molecule penetrate into silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing plus Work method includes: providing a laser beam, adjusts the optical path of the laser beam to generate an ellipse or both ends in the rectangle of arc-shaped Laser facula, and make the laser facula middle portion energy be greater than two end energy；Next, by the laser On one machining area of one surface side of the high-tensile steel that dot projection has silicon alloy layer of aluminizing to one, make the laser light Spot carries out stripping operation to the silicon alloy layer of aluminizing being located on the machining area, and makes the high tension steel being located on the machining area Plate forms the second part of completely exposed first part and the intersheathes covering for still having portion of residual.

Wherein, the laser for generating the laser facula is Q-sw solid-state YAG laser, Q-sw optical-fiber laser, MOPA optical fiber Laser or picosecond laser.

Wherein, which is to be formed by region model toward bias internal one fixed width spacing from a lateral margin of steel plate When enclosing, and carrying out stripping operation, so that laser facula advances along the lateral margin of steel plate, and make the middle section position of laser facula On the lateral margin of steel plate, and an end of laser facula is then located at the inside of steel plate.

Further, the Energy distribution of the end of the laser facula from close to middle portion toward the direction of separate middle portion gradually It reduces.

The present invention can reduce the precision requirement for laser facula in shape and energy as a result, so as to substantially mention The reliability of height processing simultaneously reduces processing cost, while can also reduce the ratio that aluminium penetrates into welding bead, to improve the metallurgy of product Characteristic, and then can reach more preferably practicability.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for completing the high-tensile steel after known processing method.

Fig. 2 is the step flow chart of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is the processing action schematic diagram that one embodiment of the invention strip aluminize silicon alloy layer and intersheathes.

Fig. 3 A is that the high-tensile steel of one embodiment of the invention is completed to strip the side after alusil alloy layer and intersheathes Depending on schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is the processing action signal that its second embodiment of the invention strip aluminize silicon alloy layer and intersheathes Figure.

Fig. 5 is the action schematic diagram for completing the high-tensile steel progress welding of processing method of the invention.

Reference signs list: 1- steel plate；21- aluminizes silicon alloy layer；22- intersheathes 3- laser facula；31- middle portion； The end 32-；5- high-tensile steel；51- aluminizes silicon alloy layer；52- intersheathes；53- machining area；54- residual fraction；5a- First part；5b- second part；6- laser beam.

Specific embodiment

It please refers to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, respectively of the invention avoids aluminium molecule from penetrating into silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing The step flow chart and action schematic diagram, step of one embodiment of processing method include:

S1: providing a laser beam (not shown), adjusts the optical path of the laser beam to generate an ellipse or both ends in circular arc The laser facula 3 of the rectangle of shape, and the energy of the middle portion (midsection portion) 31 of the laser facula 3 is greater than The energy of two end (end portion) 32.

Wherein, in one embodiment of the present of invention and Fig. 3, which is ellipse, in addition, referring again to Fig. 4 It is shown the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the laser facula 3 is then in the rectangle of arc-shaped for both ends, here, due to laser The output beam of mode is Gauss kenel, has substantially been just intermediate energy height, ambient energy is low and gradually approaches zero, therefore If those skilled in the art it is to be appreciated that using common cylindrical mirror be can produce and realize ellipse laser light class 3, And keep the Energy distribution in its 31 region of middle portion of the laser facula 3 higher and uniform, and the Energy distribution in two ends, 32 region It is lower.It is specific as involved in the laser facula 3 herein for realizing ellipse or both ends in shapes such as the rectangles of arc-shaped Where integer optical path belongs to common knowledge well known to those skilled in the art and is not the invention point of the case, thus it is not detailed herein It states.

Next, S2: the laser facula 3, which is projected to one, has silicon alloy layer of aluminizing please also refer to shown in Fig. 3 A On one machining area 53 of one surface side of 51 high-tensile steel 5, make the laser facula 3 on the machining area 53 Silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing carry out stripping operation, and make be located at the machining area 53 on high-tensile steel 5 formed completely it is exposed First part 5a and still have portion of residual intersheathes 52 cover second part 5b.

Wherein, it can be set at least one surface in upper and lower two surfaces as the high-tensile steel 5 of object to be processed It is equipped with silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing, can also be respectively arranged with silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing on upper and lower two surfaces, at this point, due to The silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing necessarily will form an intersheathes 52 after being in contact with the surface of high-tensile steel 5, that is, in height It will necessarily there are the intersheatheses 52 between power steel plate 5 and silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing, it is however generally that, the high-tensile steel 5 Thickness is about at 0.5~3 millimeter, and for the thickness for silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing about at 20 microns, the thickness of intersheathes 52 is about micro- 5 Rice, here, aluminize silicon alloy layer 51 and metal of the S2 step above-mentioned primarily directed to one of surface of high-tensile steel 5 The motion flow for stripping operation of interbed 52, if two surfaces of high-tensile steel 5 are respectively arranged with silicon alloy layer of aluminizing 51, as long as then the silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing on another surface is also handled according to identical motion flow with intersheathes 52, Therefore it is no longer repeated, and only at this time it is noted that the present invention can also additionally have a beneficial effect, being exactly can be with It is divided using the laser of an average output power larger (such as 1000W) as energy same to two surfaces of high-tensile steel 5 Shi Jinhang strips operation, can so have both the effect of saving laser equipment cost.

Wherein, in one embodiment of the invention, using with extremely short pulse width and stable high energy pulse swash Light generates the laser beam, such as Q-sw solid-state YAG laser, Q-sw optical-fiber laser, MOPA optical-fiber laser or picosecond laser etc., Meanwhile please continue to refer to shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 A, for high-tensile steel 5, machining area 53 is to be by one of steel plate Lateral margin is formed by regional scope toward bias internal one fixed width spacing, in fact, the width spacing is only about 0.7~3.1mm, More specifically, may make the short axle of the laser facula 3 of ellipse to advance along the lateral margin of steel plate when carrying out stripping operation, And it is located at the middle portion 31 of laser facula 3 on the lateral margin of steel plate, and an end 32 of laser facula 3 is then located at steel The inside of plate, and make the middle portion 31 to the end 32 distance be equal to the machining area 53 width, in this way, due to swash The Energy distribution of its middle portion 31 of light hot spot 3 is higher and uniform, therefore is located at aluminize silicon alloy layer 51 and the metal in this region Interbed 52 will be all stripped, opposite, since the Energy distribution of end 32 is lower, thus be located at the laser energy quilt in this region After silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing absorbs, just it is not enough to for intersheathes 52 being completely stripped, that is, still have gold in this region Belong to interbed 52 to remain and be covered on the high-tensile steel 5, to make the high-tensile steel 5 being located on the machining area 53 can The second part 5b for forming completely exposed first part 5a and still thering is the intersheathes 52 of portion of residual to cover.

Please continue to refer to shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 3 A, in one embodiment of the invention, the energy of the end 32 of laser facula 3 Amount distribution is simultaneously non-homogeneous, and its Energy distribution is gradually decreased from close middle portion 31 toward the direction far from middle portion 31, and such one Come, the silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing positioned at 32 region of end will appear residual with intersheathes 52 after stripping operation Part 54, and the residual fraction 54 will appear as the right angled triangle of the similar bevel edge with indent arcuation from side-looking direction, It is noted that the shape of such residual fraction 54 just can be advantageous or be considerably inhibited, in the present embodiment, this plus In work area domain 53, it only includes residual that the width of exposed high-tensile steel 5 (i.e. the first part 5a), which is about 0.4~1.5mm, The width about 0.2~0.8mm for 52 part of intersheathes stayed, at the same include (full-thickness) intersheathes 52 with it is remaining The width of 51 part of silicon alloy layer of aluminizing is about 0.1~0.8mm, thus the width of entire machining area 53 be about 0.7~ 3.1mm。

Referring again to shown in Fig. 5, after two panels high-tensile steel 5 is completed to strip operation, i.e., recycling laser beam 6 into The subsequent welding operation of row, here, it may be mentioned that in order to enable hot spot to merge with weld seam, can be used three when welding The displacement sensor of angle such as 2D displacement sensor makees weld seam tracking feedback, specifically, can first use the same biography Sensor measurement strips width, further according to measurement result auto-control speed of welding or laser output power to change weld width, Wide face between necessary metal can be remained by making weld width just.It is fully retained between metal with the prior art such as CN101426612B The processing method of layer 22 is compared, and the present invention, not only can be by the plating alusil alloy of welding region because of 3 energy density distribution of laser facula Layer 51 is completely stripped, while the intersheathes 52 in this region has also been stripped 90% or more, but still between retaining least a portion of metal Layer 52 remains, in this way, there are about 1/4~3/4 wide faces to be fused into welding bead for remaining intersheathes 52 when carrying out welding, Remaining intersheathes 52 remains in original place, and it is rotten from heat treatment that the intersheathes 52 of this part just can protect steel plate Erosion, meanwhile, compared with prior art, the metal area of a room that the present invention fuses into welding bead is considerably less, experimental result according to the present invention, with For most common sedan B-post (i.e. car two fans the pillar among door), slab 1.8mm, thin plate 1.5mm calculate three kinds not Content of the aluminium in welding bead in same steel plate processing or processing method, the first is the welding bead for absolutely not stripping alloy-layer, aluminium Weight percent have 0.933wt%；It is for second that the silicon alloy layer 21 that will aluminize such as CN101426612B is completely stripped, but is retained The welding bead of (complete) intersheathes 22, aluminium have 0.199wt%；The third is that the present invention will aluminize between silicon alloy layer 51 and metal Layer 52 strips, and in addition to retaining residual volume between about 5% metal naturally because of light spot energy Density Distribution, aluminium has in welding bead 0.103wt%, it can be seen that, compared to the processing method for retaining complete metal interbed 22, welding bead aluminium content of the invention is reduced 0.096wt%, so as to better metallurgy characteristic.

It is beneath to illustrate beneficial effects of the present invention: firstly, since not only that the silicon alloy layer 51 of aluminizing of welding region is complete Strip, intersheathes 52 almost also stripped 90% or more, and fused into welding bead the metal area of a room be even more less than 1/8 so that Fuse into amount of the iron aluminium silicon intermetallic compound in welding bead is very little, and keeps the tension of high-tensile steel 5 after welding strong Degree absolutely not changes, and the more existing method of effect is more preferably；Secondly, that energy density distribution can be used is non-uniform for laser facula 3 Ellipse or both ends are in the rectangle of arc-shaped, and the same effect all can be obtained, therefore can simplify the design and section of integer optical path The cost of shaping amasthenic lens is saved, meanwhile, also because the pulsed laser energy of removal alloy layer is not required to very accurately, thus can Two surfaces to steel plate are divided as energy using the laser with larger average output power (such as 1000W) while being removed Coating, and the present invention is also not required to receive the Real-time Feedback of alloy-layer intensity of reflected light, thus two sets of measurement alloys can also be saved The cost of the precision optical instrument of layer intensity of reflected light, in addition, peeling width measurement of present invention when welding can also be with weldering The same sensor is shared in seam tracking, so as to which processing cost of the invention is greatly reduced, and then the present invention can be made to have more preferably Practicability.

Above-listed detailed description is illustrated for presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the multiple embodiment not to Limit the scope of the patents of the invention, and all equivalence enforcements or change without departing from carried out by technical spirit of the present invention, it is intended to be limited solely by In claims of this case.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of processing method for avoiding aluminium molecule from penetrating into silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing, includes:

One laser beam is provided, adjusts the optical path of the laser beam to generate an ellipse or both ends in the laser light of the rectangle of arc-shaped Spot, and make the laser facula middle portion energy be greater than two end energy；

Next, the laser facula is projected to a surface side of the high-tensile steel that one has silicon alloy layer of aluminizing one adds On the domain of work area, the laser facula is made to carry out stripping operation to the silicon alloy layer of aluminizing being located on the machining area, and makes to be located at and be somebody's turn to do High-tensile steel on machining area forms completely exposed first part and still has the intersheathes of portion of residual to cover Second part.

2. aluminium molecule is avoided to penetrate into the processing method for silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing as described in claim 1, wherein be used to The laser for generating the laser facula is Q-sw solid-state YAG laser, Q-sw optical-fiber laser, MOPA optical-fiber laser or picosecond laser.

3. aluminium molecule is avoided to penetrate into the processing method for silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing as described in claim 1, wherein should add Work area domain is to be formed by regional scope toward bias internal one fixed width spacing from a lateral margin of steel plate, and carry out stripping operation When, so that laser facula advances along the lateral margin of steel plate, and the middle portion of laser facula is made to be located at the lateral margin of steel plate On, and an end of laser facula is then located at the inside of steel plate.

4. aluminium molecule is avoided to penetrate into the processing method for silicon high-tensile steel welding bead of aluminizing as claimed in claim 3, wherein this swashs The Energy distribution of the end of light hot spot close to middle portion toward the direction far from middle portion from gradually decreasing.