CN110295404B - Automatic production equipment and method for plane receiving type centrifugal spinning - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a plane receiving type centrifugal spinning automatic production device and a method, wherein a continuously moving collecting belt is arranged below a spinning device, after the proper height is adjusted, spinning solution sprayed by the spinning device during high-speed rotation instantly forms fibers, and the fibers descend in a spiral line and are collected on the collecting belt to form a continuous centrifugal spinning fiber web, and the centrifugal spinning fiber web is compacted by a compacting device and then wound into a winding device to finally form a centrifugal spinning fiber web roll; the whole production process is automatically finished without manual intervention; the invention solves the preparation problem of the centrifugal spinning continuous filament, realizes the centrifugal spinning batch production, and is suitable for the production of the composite of the nano fiber or the submicron fiber on the surface of the wide non-woven fabric or the wide nano or submicron non-woven fabric.

Description

Automatic production equipment and method for plane receiving type centrifugal spinning

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of spinning, in particular to automatic production equipment and method for plane receiving type centrifugal spinning.

Background

Centrifugal spinning is a novel spinning technique that can be applied to both solution spinning and melt spinning. Centrifugal spinning in the spinning process, spinning solution in a spinning sprayer is ejected from micropores through centrifugal force generated by the spinning sprayer rotating at high speed to form long and thin fibers, the prepared materials comprise inorganic materials and high polymer materials, the characteristic of high yield of centrifugal spinning and the advantages of fiber products are combined, and the prepared fiber products can be applied to the fields of biomedicine, air filtration, energy and the like.

At present, for centrifugal spinning, the forming mechanism of the fiber is intensively researched, and the technical problem to be solved is how to realize continuous mass production of centrifugal spinning; firstly, the improvement of a feeding and collecting mode of centrifugal spinning is carried out, a traditional centrifugal spinning feeding system is a semi-continuous feeding system, namely, spinning solution is input into a liquid storage cavity of a spinning sprayer through an injector every time a centrifugal spinning experiment is carried out, and the spinning process is a discontinuous mode; for the collection mode, the traditional annular collection mode cannot realize batch production; secondly, the yield of centrifugal spinning is improved, and although the yield of the centrifugal spinning is obviously superior to that of electrostatic spinning as a novel spinning technology, the yield is still lower than that of the traditional spinning technology, so that the design of a spinneret and the continuous feeding and collecting mode of spinning are the directions of industrial research.

For example, the invention patent with application No. CN201610424908.4 provides a titanium dioxide/polyacrylonitrile (TiO)₂The centrifugal spinning preparation method of the/PAN) micro/nano fiber membrane provides centrifugal spinning equipment comprising a motor, a spinning head and a collecting rod; the spinning head is installed at the pivot top of motor and is driven by the motor and rotates, has the cavity that holds spinning solution in the spinning head, and the spinning head top is equipped with annotates the liquid mouth, the spinning head lateral wall be equipped with the spinneret orifice of cavity intercommunication, the collection stick is around spinning head round setting. During centrifugal spinning, the spinning head is driven by the motor to rotate, and the spinning solution is sprayed out from the spinneret orifice of the spinning head and between the spinneret orifice and the collecting rodStretching the fiber film by movement, volatilizing the solvent to form fibers, and receiving the fibers by a collecting rod to obtain a fiber film; the collection mode fixes the spinning between the collecting rods, and the obtained fiber is discontinuous short fiber, so that the efficiency is low, and the continuous production cannot be realized.

The patent with the application number of CN201820388681.7 provides a centrifugal electrostatic spinning device, which comprises a centrifugal spinning spray head, a receiving device arranged above the centrifugal spinning spray head, a driving mechanism for driving the centrifugal spinning spray head and a power supply device for enabling a spinning solution to form a required electrostatic field between the centrifugal spinning spray head and the receiving device, wherein a plurality of spinning outlets are formed in the circumferential radial direction of the centrifugal spinning spray head at intervals, and the centrifugal spinning spray head is connected with a spinning solution conveying device; the receiving device in the device is arranged above the centrifugal spinning nozzle and is grounded, and the spinning jet flow from the centrifugal spinning nozzle is stretched under the action of centrifugal force and electric field force.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide automatic production equipment and method for plane receiving type centrifugal spinning, aiming at overcoming the defects of the existing centrifugal spinning production technology.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

A plane receiving type centrifugal spinning automatic production device comprises a centrifugal spinning device, a compacting device and a winding device; the centrifugal spinning device, the compacting device and the winding device are sequentially arranged from front to back according to the moving direction of the centrifugal spinning fiber web; the centrifugal spinning device spins a centrifugal spinning fiber net; the centrifugal spinning fiber web is compacted by the compacting device and then is guided into the winding device; and the winding device winds the centrifugal spinning fiber net into a coil.

The centrifugal spinning device comprises a feeding device, a spinning device and a collecting device; the spinning device is arranged above the collecting device, negative pressure is formed on the surface of the collecting device, and the centrifugal spinning fiber web attached to the surface of the collecting device is adsorbed on the collecting device by the negative pressure.

The feeding device feeds materials to the spinning device; the spinning device carries out centrifugal spinning; the collecting device collects the centrifugally spun fiber web made by the spinning device; the temperature control device adjusts the spinning environment temperature in the rack to ensure that the spinning raw material is in the optimal spinning state; the control system controls the whole set of plane receiving type centrifugal spinning equipment to automatically run.

Furthermore, the spinning device comprises at least one set of spinning units provided with spinning devices, and the number of the spinning units can be selected according to the thickness requirement of the centrifugally spun fiber web.

Furthermore, the spinning unit comprises a traverse device fixedly arranged on the rack, and the spinning devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the traverse device; the traversing device drives the spinning device to horizontally reciprocate above the collecting device, so that the spinning spun by the spinning device covers the whole collecting device.

The transverse moving device comprises a fixed bracket, a transverse moving unit and a transverse moving support rod, wherein the transverse moving unit and the transverse moving support rod are arranged on the fixed bracket; two ends of the fixed bracket are arranged on the rack; the sliding block of the transverse moving unit is provided with an installation plate; the transverse moving unit drives the transverse moving support rod to do horizontal reciprocating motion through the mounting plate.

Furthermore, the two sets of spinning devices are respectively arranged at two ends of the two transverse moving support rods.

The spinning device also comprises a hollow shaft; the material guide pipe is arranged in a central hole of the hollow shaft and is not in contact with the central hole; the spinneret is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the hollow shaft; the upper end of the material guide pipe is fixed in the cache tank through threaded connection, a corrosion-resistant rubber pad is additionally arranged at the fixed connection part for sealing treatment, and the lower end of the material guide pipe is inserted into the spinning jet; the spinneret is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the hollow shaft; the spinning solution in the cache tank enters a spinning device through a material guide pipe, at least one through hole is processed on the spinning device, and the spinning solution can be ejected from the through hole when the spinning device rotates at a high speed.

In order to ensure that the spinning solution cannot leak out, a corrosion-resistant rubber pad is additionally arranged between the buffer tank and the end cover.

The end cover is provided with a connector, and the feeding device pumps the spinning solution into the buffer tank through the connector.

Still process the recess on the buffer memory jar to install the toughened glass board on the recess, the artifical material level condition of observing of being convenient for.

In order to enable the spinning device to rotate at a high speed, the spinning device further comprises a motor, a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a synchronous belt; the output shaft of the motor is connected with the driving belt wheel; the driven belt wheel is connected with the hollow shaft; the synchronous belt is sleeved on the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel; the direct current motor drives the driving belt wheel to rotate, and the driving belt wheel drives the hollow shaft to rotate through a synchronous belt and a driven belt wheel; the spinning device is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the hollow shaft, so that the spinning device and the hollow shaft rotate together.

The spinning device also comprises a cache tank bracket, a direct current motor bracket and a supporting plate; the buffer tank support and the direct current motor support are both fixed on the supporting plate.

In order to adjust the height of the spinning device and ensure the reasonable distance between the spinning device and the collecting device, the spinning device also comprises an adjusting screw rod, a nut, an adjusting plate, a guide rod and a base plate; adjusting screw passes through the bearing frame and installs on the regulating plate, and with install on the regulating plate the nut cooperation, the upper end of guide arm with the regulating plate is connected, and the lower extreme runs through the base plate is installed in the backup pad.

Furthermore, the spinning device also comprises a linear bearing, the linear bearing is fixedly arranged on the base plate, and the guide rod is sleeved in the linear bearing; and a hand wheel is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the adjusting screw rod.

The hand wheel is manually rotated to drive the adjusting screw rod to rotate in the nut, the distance between the adjusting plate and the base plate is adjusted, and therefore the distance between the adjusting plate and the base plate is adjusted.

When the spinneret rotates at a high speed, the spinning solution is ejected from the through hole on the spinneret, and under the combined action of air resistance, viscous force of fluid and self inertia force, a pair of axial tensile forces are generated in the axial direction of the jet, and diffusible jet is formed in a fan-shaped area, and the spinning radius is gradually increased; and then, because of the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal spinning spinneret, the airflow field caused by the centrifugal spinning spinneret starts to guide and draft jet flow, and under the action of gravity, the jet flow track gradually deviates downwards, and the spinning radius gradually becomes smaller, so that finally formed fibers after the processes of jet flow generation, stretching and necking descend in a spiral line and are collected on the collecting device, and finally, a uniform centrifugal spinning fiber web is formed.

The feeding device comprises a material storage tank filled with spinning solution and a flow pump; the storage tank is connected with the flow pump through a pipeline, and the flow pump is connected with the plurality of cache tanks through pipelines.

An electric switch valve is arranged on a pipeline between the flow pump and the cache tank; the flow pump is always in a working state, and the electric switch valve controls whether the spinning solution enters the cache tank or not.

A liquid level meter is arranged in the material storage tank; when spinning solution liquid level in the storage tank is lower than when the position of level gauge, the level gauge sends a signal to control system, control system sends out the police dispatch newspaper to operating personnel, by the manual work to feed supplement in the storage tank.

The buffer tank is also provided with a liquid level meter; when the spinning solution in one of the cache tanks is lower than the height of the liquid level meter, the liquid level meter in the cache tank sends a signal to the control system, the control system controls the electric switch valve corresponding to the cache tank to be opened, and the spinning solution in the pipeline enters the cache tank.

A flow meter is also arranged on a pipeline between the flow pump and the cache tank; when the electric switch valve is opened to supply materials to the cache tank, the flow meter detects the flow of the spinning solution entering the cache tank, and after a set value is reached, the flow meter sends a signal to a control system, and the control system controls the electric switch valve to be closed to stop supplying materials to the cache tank.

The material storage tank is provided with a stirrer; and the stirrer is used for stirring the spinning solution in the storage tank while supplying materials to the cache tank.

The collecting device comprises a transmission traction device and a collecting belt; the collecting belt is an annular belt and is sleeved on the transmission traction device; the transmission traction device drives the collection belt to do circular motion.

And a supporting plate is arranged below the collecting belt and used for supporting the collecting belt, so that the collecting belt is ensured to be in a horizontal state, and the fiber web formed by the spinning solution is convenient to collect.

When the spinneret device rotates at a high speed, the spinning solution in the spinneret device is sprayed out, and the spinning solution is rapidly formed into filaments at the moment of spraying due to the action of centrifugal force and is attached to the collecting belt to form a fiber web; the collection belt moves forward and the web is laid evenly on the collection belt.

To prevent corrosion by the spinning solution, the material of the collection belt is polytetrafluoroethylene.

The fiber web formed by spraying the spinning solution is light, so that the fiber web is prevented from being blown up by air and separated from the collecting belt when the collecting belt moves, the collecting belt is made into a net structure, and through holes are densely formed in the supporting plate; an air draft device is arranged below the supporting plate; forming a negative pressure on the surface of the collection belt, the negative pressure attracting the centrifugally spun fibrous web attached to the surface of the collection belt to the collection belt.

The temperature control device comprises a plurality of electric heating pipes and a plurality of sets of refrigerating devices; the plurality of electric heating pipes are uniformly distributed above the spinning device; the frame is provided with the isolation cover plate all around and the top, with collect the area and form semi-enclosed cavity, a plurality of electric heating pipe heats the air of cavity inside, guarantees to possess the uniform temperature in the cavity, provides suitable temperature environment for the spinning.

If the environmental temperature is higher, the semi-closed cavity in the rack needs to be cooled, so the temperature control device also comprises a refrigerating device; the refrigerating device is fixedly installed at the top of the rack and cools the semi-closed cavity.

The compaction device comprises a compaction rack, an air cylinder, a compression roller mounting plate, a compression roller, a rotating roller and a slide rail; the two ends of the compression roller mounting plate are fixedly provided with sliding blocks matched with the sliding rails, and the two sliding rails are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two sides of the compaction rack; and a piston rod of the air cylinder is connected with the press roll mounting plate through a floating joint.

The compression roller slides on the sliding rail through the compression roller mounting plate and the sliding block; the air cylinder pushes the compression roller arranged on the compression roller mounting plate downwards through a floating joint; the compression roller is attached to and pressed against the rotating shaft, and the centrifugally spun fiber web is compacted by the compaction device.

In order to prevent the centrifugal spinning fiber web from being torn off by the winding device in the compacting process, the compacting device also comprises a compacting driven chain wheel, a compacting chain, a compacting driving chain wheel and a driving motor; the compaction driving chain wheel is installed on the output shaft of the driving motor, the compaction driven chain wheel is installed at one end of the rotating roller and is connected with the compaction driving chain wheel through the compaction chain sleeved outside; the driving motor drives the compaction driven chain wheel to rotate through the driving chain wheel and the compaction chain; the compaction driven chain wheel drives the rotating roller to rotate; in this way, the rotating roller rotates during the compaction of the spun-web and serves to pull the spun-web.

The winding device comprises an upper winding rack, a first guide roller, a limiting roller, a tension adjusting roller, a second guide roller and a winding roller; the centrifugal spinning fiber net is guided into the winding device through the first guide roller and the limiting roller, and is wound on the winding roller after being guided by the tension adjusting roller and the second guide roller.

The limiting roller is arranged above the first guide roller in an inclined mode, and the centrifugal spinning fiber net is only arranged between the first guide roller and the limiting roller.

Guide blocks are arranged on two sides of the upper rolling rack, and grooves are formed in the guide blocks; two ends of the tension adjusting roller are respectively arranged in the grooves of the two guide blocks; the tension adjusting roller is pressed on the centrifugal spinning fiber net, and the tension of the centrifugal spinning fiber net is adjusted by the self gravity.

Furthermore, clamping mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the upper rolling rack; two ends of the wind-up roll are respectively clamped in the two sets of clamping mechanisms; the winding roller and the bearing on the winding roller are clamped in a groove in the clamping mechanism by the clamping mechanism, and the winding roller freely rotates in the clamping mechanism; after the winding function is completed, the winding roller can be easily separated from the clamping mechanism through manually operating the clamping mechanism.

In order to complete the winding function, the winding roller needs to rotate continuously; therefore, the winding device further comprises a winding motor, a winding driving chain wheel, a winding chain, a winding driven chain wheel and a winding driven shaft; the winding driving sprocket is arranged on an output shaft of the winding motor; the winding driven shaft is mounted on the upper winding rack through a bearing seat, one end of the winding driven shaft is provided with a winding driven chain wheel, and the other end of the winding driven shaft is connected with the driving gear; the winding chain is sleeved on the winding driving chain wheel and the winding driven chain wheel; and a driven gear matched with the driving gear is installed at the end part of the winding roller.

The winding motor drives a winding driven sprocket to rotate through a winding driving sprocket and a winding chain, and the winding driven sprocket drives a winding driven shaft to rotate together; the winding driven shaft rotates with the driving gear, the driving gear transmits power to the winding roller through the driven gear, and therefore the winding roller can rotate continuously.

During the rolling process, the centrifugal spinning fiber net is likely to deviate; therefore, the winding device also comprises a deviation correcting device; the deviation correcting device is arranged on the lower portion of the upper winding frame, and the position of the upper winding frame is adjusted to prevent deviation.

The deviation correcting device comprises a lower winding rack, a deviation correcting slide rail, a deviation correcting slide block and a servo motor, wherein the deviation correcting slide block and the servo motor are connected with the upper winding rack; an output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with the upper winding rack; the plurality of deviation rectifying slide rails are symmetrically arranged on the lower winding rack; the plurality of deviation rectifying slide blocks are respectively matched with the deviation rectifying slide rails and slide on the deviation rectifying slide rails.

The servo motor drives the upper winding rack to slide on the deviation rectifying slide rail through the deviation rectifying slide block; the position of the wind-up roll is adjusted in this way, and deviation is prevented when the centrifugal spinning fiber web is wound.

The control system controls the whole device to automatically operate, and the main control process parameters comprise: the amount of feed, the speed of rotation of the spinneret, the temperature of the spinning environment, the speed of movement of the collection belt.

As another structural form, the plane receiving type centrifugal spinning device further comprises an unwinding device arranged at the front end of the centrifugal spinning device; a base cloth is wound on the unwinding device, penetrates into the centrifugal spinning device and is flatly laid on the collecting belt; and the end part of the base cloth is wound on the winding roller on the winding device.

The unwinding device comprises an unwinding roller, an unwinding rack, and a second guide roller, a third guide roller and a first guide roller which are sequentially arranged along the movement direction of the substrate cloth and fixedly mounted on the unwinding rack.

Furthermore, the unreeling device further comprises a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is fixedly installed on two sides of the unreeling rack.

Furthermore, the unreeling device also comprises a deviation correcting device, the deviation correcting device is arranged at the lower part of the unreeling rack, and the structure of the deviation correcting device is the same as that of the reeling device.

The unwinding roller is an inflatable shaft, when in winding, the unwinding roller is not inflated, the whole roll of base fabric is manually sleeved on the unwinding roller, and the unwinding roller is inflated and expanded to fix the roll of base fabric on the unwinding roller; and manually opening the clamping mechanism, and clamping the two ends of the unwinding roller into the clamping mechanism.

In another structural form of the spinning device, at least one spinning nozzle is arranged on the spinning device; the spinneret is in a conical shape with gradually reduced inner diameter; and the spinning solution in the spinneret is ejected out through the spinneret.

In another structural form of the spinning device, at least one spinning nozzle is arranged on the spinning device; the spinneret is in a step form; and the spinning solution in the spinneret is ejected out through the spinneret.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the invention breaks through the existing centrifugal spinning technology based on annular collection and the centrifugal spinning technology based on electrostatic collection, solves the preparation problem of the centrifugal spinning continuous filaments, realizes the centrifugal spinning batch production, and is suitable for the production of the composite of the nano fibers or the submicron fibers on the surface of the wide non-woven fabric or the wide non-woven fabric with nano or submicron scale; the whole production process is automatically finished without manual intervention;

2) according to the invention, a continuously moving collecting belt is arranged below a spinning sprayer, after the proper height is adjusted, spinning solution sprayed by the spinning sprayer during high-speed rotation instantly forms fibers, and the fibers descend in a spiral line and are collected on the collecting belt, and finally a continuous centrifugal spinning fiber net is formed;

3) the invention adopts the traversing device to drive the spinning device to do horizontal reciprocating motion above the collecting belt along the width direction of the collecting belt, so that the spinning spun by the spinning device covers the whole collecting belt, and the wide-width non-woven production is realized.

4) The invention adds the deviation rectifying devices on the unwinding device and the winding device to realize automatic deviation rectification in the production process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of example 1 of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a centrifugal spinning apparatus in example 1 of the present invention

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spinning apparatus in example 1 of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spinning cell in example 1 of the present invention

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a spinning cell in example 1 of the present invention

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a feeding device in example 1 of the present invention

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a collecting apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a compacting apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention

FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a compacting apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention

FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a winding device in embodiment 1 of the present invention

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a winding device in embodiment 1 of the present invention

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of example 2 of the present invention

Fig. 13 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an unwinding device in embodiment 2 of the present invention

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a spinning cell in example 3 of the present invention

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a spinning cell in example 4 of the present invention

In FIG. 16, (a), (b), and (c) are SEM photographs of fibers produced using a PVB solution, a PVB and PAN solution, and a PAN solution, respectively

In FIG. 17, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively SEM photographs of fibers produced using PAN solutions at 18%, 19%, 20%, and 21% by mass

In FIG. 18, (a), (b), (c) and (d) are frequency distribution histograms of fiber diameters produced with a mass fraction of 19% for the PAN solution

In FIG. 19, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced with PVB solution at 0s, 15s, 30s, and 45s at a spinning speed of 5000r/min

In FIG. 20, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced with a PVB solution at 0s, 15s, 30s, and 45s at a spinneret rotation speed of 6000r/min

In FIG. 21, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced with a PVB solution at 0s, 15s, 30s, and 45s at a spinneret rotation speed of 7000r/min

In FIG. 22, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced with a PVB solution at 8000r/min for 0s, 15s, 30s, and 45s

In FIG. 23, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively the fiber electron micrographs produced by using PVB solution and spinning at the ambient temperatures of 10 deg.C, 25 deg.C, 40 deg.C, and 55 deg.C, respectively

In FIG. 24, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively SEM photographs of fibers produced from 0s, 15s, 30s, and 45s using a PVB solution and the apparatus of example 4

In FIG. 25, (a), (b), (c), (d) are SEM photographs of fibers produced from 0s, 15s, 30s and 45s using a PVB solution and the apparatus of example 3, respectively

In FIG. 26, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced with a PVB solution at 0.64 spinneret aperture for 0s, 15s, 30s, and 45s

In FIG. 27, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced with a PVB solution at 0.41 spinneret aperture for 0s, 15s, 30s, and 45s

In FIG. 28, (a), (b), (c), and (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced with a PVB solution at 0.25 die diameter for 0s, 15s, 30s, and 45s

In FIG. 29, (a), (b), (c), (d) are SEM photographs of fibers produced from PVB solution at a distance of 40mm between the spinneret and the collection belt of 0s, 15s, 30s and 45s, respectively

In FIG. 30, (a), (b), (c), (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced by using PVB solution at a distance of 50mm between the spinneret and the collecting belt of 0s, 15s, 30s and 45s

In FIG. 31, (a), (b), (c), (d) are respectively the SEM photographs of fibers produced by using PVB solution at a distance of 60mm between the spinneret and the collection belt of 0s, 15s, 30s and 45s

In the figure: 1. a centrifugal spinning device; 2. a compaction device; 3. a winding device; 4. an unwinding device; 5. centrifugally spinning the web; 6. base cloth; 11. a frame; 12. a feeding device; 13. a spinning device; 14. a collection device; 15. a temperature control device; 16. a control system; 131. a spinning unit; 132. a traversing device; 133. a spinning device; 132. a traversing device; 1321. fixing a bracket; 1322. a traverse moving unit; 1324. transversely moving the supporting rod; 1337. a direct current motor; 1338. a driving pulley; 1339. a driven pulley; 1340. a spinneret; 1342. a buffer tank; 1343. an end cap; 1344. a material guide pipe; 1345. a hollow shaft; 1346. a synchronous belt; 1348. a through hole; 1349. a groove; 1351. a buffer tank support; 1352. a linear motor support; 1353. a support plate; 1332. adjusting the screw rod; 1350. a nut; 1333. an adjusting plate; 1334. a guide bar; 1335. a linear bearing; 1336. a substrate; 121. a material storage tank; 123. a flow pump; 124. an electrically operated on-off valve; 122. a liquid level meter; 125. a flow meter; 126. a stirrer; 141. a transmission traction device; 142. a collection belt; 143. a support plate; 151. an electric heating tube; 152. a refrigeration device; 201. compacting the machine frame; 202. a cylinder; 211. a press roll mounting plate; 210. a compression roller; 207. a rotating roller; 213. a slide rail; 206. a drive motor; 205. compacting the driving chain wheel; 204. compacting the chain; 203. compacting the driven sprocket; 306. an upper rolling frame; 303. a first guide roller; 302. a limiting roller; 305. a tension adjusting roller; 301. a second guide roller; 319. a wind-up roll; 304. a guide block; 305. a tension adjusting roller; 317. a chucking mechanism; 312. a winding motor; 314. winding a driving sprocket; 315. rolling a chain; 316. winding a driven sprocket; 321. winding a driven shaft; 322. a deviation correcting device; 313. a lower rolling frame; 311. a deviation rectifying slide rail; 307. a deviation rectifying slide block; 309. a linear servo motor; 310. a motor fixing seat; 308. a connecting seat; an unwinding roller 401, an unwinding rack 402 and a third guide roller 403; 1354. and a spinneret.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a plane receiving type centrifugal spinning automatic production device comprises a centrifugal spinning device 1, a compacting device 2 and a winding device 3; the centrifugal spinning device 1, the compacting device 2 and the winding device 3 are sequentially arranged from front to back according to the moving direction of the centrifugal spinning fiber net 5; the centrifugal spinning device 1 spins a centrifugal spinning fiber net 5; the centrifugal spinning fiber web 5 is compacted by the compacting device 2 and then guided into the winding device 3; the winding device 3 winds the centrifugal spinning fiber web 5 into a roll.

As shown in fig. 2, the centrifugal spinning device 1 includes a frame 11, a feeding device 12, a spinning device 13, a collecting device 14, a temperature control device 15 and a control system 16; the feeding device 12 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame 11; the temperature control device 15 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the frame 11; the collecting device 14 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the frame 11; the spinning device 13 is arranged above the collecting device 14 and is fixedly arranged on the rack 11; the control system 16 is fixedly installed on one side of the frame 11.

The feeding device 12 feeds materials to the spinning device 13; the spinning device 13 performs centrifugal spinning; the collecting device 14 collects the centrifugally spun fiber web produced by the spinning device 13; the temperature control device 15 adjusts the spinning environment temperature in the frame 11 to ensure that the spinning raw material is in the optimal spinning state; the control system 16 controls the whole set of plane receiving type centrifugal spinning equipment to automatically run.

The spinning device 13 comprises at least one set of spinning units 131, and the number of the spinning units 131 is selected according to the thickness requirement of the centrifugal spinning fiber web 5.

As shown in fig. 3, the spinning unit 131 comprises a traverse device 132 and two sets of spinning devices 133 symmetrically arranged at two sides of the traverse device 132; the traversing device 132 is fixedly arranged on the frame 11; the traverse device 132 drives the spinning device 133 to reciprocate horizontally above the collecting device 14, so that the spinning from the spinning device 133 covers the whole collecting device 14.

The traverse device 132 includes a fixing bracket 1321, a traverse motion unit 1322, and a traverse strut 1324; the fixed support 1321 is i-shaped, and two ends of the fixed support are fixedly arranged on the rack 11; the traversing movement unit 1322 is fixedly installed on the fixed bracket 1321; a mounting plate 1323 is fixedly arranged on the sliding block of the transverse moving unit 1322; the two traverse struts 1324 are fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 1323; the traversing movement unit 1322 drives the traversing support rod 1324 to move horizontally through the mounting plate 1323; two sets of the spinning devices 133 are respectively installed at two ends of the two traverse supporting rods 1324.

As shown in fig. 4-5, the spinning device 133 includes a buffer tank 1342, a material guide pipe 1344, a hollow shaft 1345 and a spinning nozzle 1340; the material guide pipe 1344 is arranged in a central hole of the hollow shaft 1345 and is not contacted with the central hole; the upper end of the material guide pipe 1344 is fixed in the buffer tank 1342 through threaded connection, a corrosion-resistant rubber pad is additionally arranged at the fixed connection for sealing treatment, and the lower end is inserted into the spinneret 1340; the spinneret 1340 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the hollow shaft 1345; the spinning solution in the buffer tank 1342 enters a spinneret 1340 through a material guide pipe 1344, at least one through hole 1348 is formed in the spinneret 1340, and the spinning solution can be ejected from the through hole 1348 when the spinneret 1340 rotates at a high speed.

In order to ensure that the spinning solution does not leak out, a corrosion-resistant rubber gasket is additionally arranged between the buffer tank 1342 and the end cover 1343.

The end cap 1343 is provided with a connector, and the feeding device 12 pumps the spinning solution into the buffer tank 1342 through the connector.

A groove 1349 is further processed on the buffer tank 1342, and a toughened glass plate 1341 is mounted on the groove 1349, so that the material level condition can be observed manually.

In order to rotate the spinneret 1340 at a high speed, the spinneret device 133 further includes a dc motor 1337, a driving pulley 1338, a driven pulley 1339 and a synchronous belt 1346; the driving belt wheel 1338 is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the direct current motor 1337 through key connection; the driven belt wheel 1339 is fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft 1345 through key connection; the synchronous belt 1346 is sleeved on the driving pulley 1338 and the driven pulley 1339; the direct current motor 1337 drives the driving pulley 1338 to rotate, and the driving pulley 1338 drives the hollow shaft 1345 to rotate through a synchronous belt 1346 and a driven pulley 1339; since the spinneret 1340 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the hollow shaft 1345, the spinneret 1340 rotates together with the hollow shaft 1345.

The spinning device 133 further comprises a cache tank bracket 1351, a linear motor bracket 1352 and a support plate 1353; the cache tank bracket 1351 is used for fixing the cache tank 1342; the direct current motor bracket 1352 is used for fixing the direct current motor 1337; the buffer tank bracket 1351 and the linear motor bracket 1352 are both fixed on the supporting plate 1353.

In order to adjust the height of the spinneret 1340 and ensure a reasonable distance between the spinneret 1340 and the collecting device 14, the spinneret device 133 further comprises an adjusting screw 1332, a nut 1350, an adjusting plate 1333, a guide rod 1334, a linear bearing 1335 and a base plate 1336; the lower ends of the two guide rods 1334 are fixedly arranged on the supporting plate 1353; the base plate 1336 is fixedly mounted on the traverse strut 1324; the two linear bearings 1335 are fixedly mounted on the base plate 1336; the two guide rods 1334 are respectively sleeved on the two linear bearings 1335; the upper ends of the two guide rods 1334 are fixedly connected with the adjusting plate 1333; the nut 1350 is fixedly installed on the adjusting plate 1333; the adjusting screw 1332 is matched with the nut 1350; the lower end of the adjusting screw 1332 is fixedly arranged on the adjusting plate 1333 through a bearing seat; a hand wheel 1331 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the adjusting screw rod 1332.

The hand wheel 1331 is manually rotated to drive the adjusting screw 1332 to rotate in the nut 1350, so as to adjust the distance between the adjusting plate 1333 and the base plate 1336, and thus adjust the distance between the adjusting plate 1324 and the base plate 1353, and the height of the spinneret 1340 on the supporting plate 1353 is changed because the traverse supporting rod 1324 is fixed.

When the spinneret 1340 rotates at a high speed, the spinning solution is ejected from the through holes 1348 of the spinneret 1340, and under the combined action of air resistance, viscous force of fluid and self inertia force, a pair of axial tensile forces are generated in the axial direction of the jet, and diffusive jet is formed in a fan-shaped area, and the spinning radius is gradually increased; then, due to the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal spinning spinneret, the airflow field caused by the centrifugal spinning spinneret starts to guide and draft the jet flow, the jet flow track gradually deviates downwards under the action of gravity, and the spinning radius gradually becomes smaller, so that the finally formed fibers after the processes of jet flow generation, stretching and necking descend in a spiral line and are collected on the collecting device 14, and finally the uniform centrifugal spinning fiber web 5 is formed.

As shown in fig. 6, the supply device 12 includes a storage tank 121 and a flow pump 123; the material storage tank 121 is connected with the flow pump 123 through a pipeline, and the flow pump 123 is connected with the plurality of buffer tanks 1342 through a pipeline and supplies materials to the plurality of buffer tanks 1342; the spinning solution is filled in the material storage tank 121; the flow pump 123 pumps the spinning solution in the storage tank 121 into the buffer tanks 1342.

An electric switch valve 124 is arranged on a pipeline between the flow pump 123 and the buffer tank 1342; the flow pump 123 is always in an operating state, and the electric switch valve 124 controls whether the spinning solution enters the buffer tank 1342.

A liquid level meter 122 is arranged in the material storage tank 121; when the spinning solution level in the storage tank 121 is lower than the level of the liquid level meter 122, the liquid level meter 122 sends a signal to the control system 16, and the control system 16 gives an alarm to an operator to manually feed the material into the storage tank 121.

The buffer tank 1342 is also provided with a liquid level meter 122; when the spinning solution in one of the buffer tanks 1342 is lower than the level of the liquid level meter 122, the liquid level meter 122 in the buffer tank 1342 sends a signal to the control system 16, the control system 16 controls the electric switch valve 124 corresponding to the buffer tank 1342 to be opened, and the spinning solution in the pipeline enters the buffer tank 1342.

A flow meter 125 is further arranged on a pipeline between the flow pump 123 and the buffer tank 1342; when the electric switch valve 124 is opened to supply the spinning solution to the buffer tank 1342, the flow meter 125 detects the flow rate of the spinning solution entering the buffer tank 1342, and when a set value is reached, the flow meter 125 sends a signal to the control system 16, and the control system 16 controls the electric switch valve 124 to be closed to stop supplying the spinning solution to the buffer tank 1342.

The storage tank 121 is provided with a stirrer 126; the stirrer 126 stirs the spinning solution in the holding tank 121 while supplying the buffer tank 1342.

As shown in fig. 7, the collecting device 14 comprises a driving traction device 141 and a collecting belt 142; the transmission traction device 141 is installed on the frame 11; the collecting belt 142 is made into an annular belt and is sleeved on the transmission traction device 141; the transmission and traction device 141 drives the collection belt 142 to perform a circular motion in a fixed direction.

A support plate 143 is disposed below the collecting belt 142 to support the collecting belt 142 to ensure that the collecting belt 142 is in a horizontal state, thereby facilitating collection of the web formed by the spinning solution.

When the spinneret 1340 rotates at a high speed, the spinning solution in the spinneret 1340 is sprayed out, and the spinning solution is rapidly formed into filaments at the moment of spraying due to the centrifugal force and the force, and the filaments are attached to the collecting belt 142 to form a fiber web; the collection belt 142 is moved forward and the web is laid evenly on the collection belt 142.

To prevent corrosion by the spinning solution, the material of the collection belt 142 is polytetrafluoroethylene.

Since the fiber web formed by the spinning solution injection is light, in order to prevent the fiber web from being blown up by air to be separated from the collecting belt 142 when the collecting belt 142 moves, the collecting belt 142 is formed in a net structure, and through holes are densely formed on the supporting plate 143; an air draft device is arranged below the supporting plate 143; an underpressure is formed on the surface of the collection belt 142, which sucks the spun-laid fibrous web 5 adhering to the surface of the collection belt 142 against the collection belt 142.

The movement speed of the collection belt 142 is 0-10 m/min.

According to the experimental determination, the distance between the spinneret and the collection belt 142 is 0-100mm, and the spinning effect is best.

The temperature control device 15 comprises a plurality of electric heating pipes 151 and a plurality of sets of refrigerating devices 152; a plurality of electric heating pipes 151 are uniformly distributed above the spinning device 13; the frame 11 is provided with the isolation cover plate all around and the top, with collect area 142 and form semi-enclosed cavity, a plurality of electric heating pipe 151 heats the air of cavity inside, guarantees to possess the uniform temperature in the cavity, provides suitable temperature environment for the spinning.

If the ambient temperature is high, the semi-closed cavity in the rack 11 needs to be cooled, so the temperature control device 15 further comprises a refrigerating device 152; the refrigerating device 152 is fixedly installed at the top of the frame 11, and cools the semi-closed cavity.

As shown in fig. 8 to 9, the compacting device 2 includes a compacting frame 201, an air cylinder 202, a press roller mounting plate 211, a press roller 210, a rotating roller 207, and a slide rail 213; the two air cylinders 202 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the upper part of the compacting machine frame 201; the two slide rails 213 are respectively and fixedly installed at two sides of the compacting frame 201; a piston rod of the air cylinder 202 is provided with a floating joint 212; the other end of the floating joint 212 is mounted on the press roller mounting plate 211; the two ends of the press roller mounting plate 211 are fixedly provided with sliding blocks 209; the sliding block 209 is arranged on the sliding rail 213; the compression roller 210 is fixedly arranged on the compression roller mounting plate 211 through a bearing seat; the rotating roller 207 is fixedly mounted on the compacting machine frame 201 through a bearing seat.

The press roller 210 slides on the slide rail 213 through the press roller mounting plate 211 and the slider 209; the air cylinder 202 pushes down the platen roller 210 mounted on the platen roller mounting plate 211 through a floating joint 212; the press roller 210 is engaged with and pressed against the rotary shaft 207, and compacts the centrifugally spun web 5 by the compacting device 2.

In order to prevent the centrifugally spun fibrous web 5 from being torn off by the take-up device 3 during the compaction process, the compaction device 2 further comprises a drive motor 206, a compaction drive sprocket 205, a compaction chain 204 and a compaction driven sprocket 203; the driving motor 206 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the compacting frame 201; the compaction driving sprocket 205 is fixedly mounted on the driving motor 206 through key connection; the compaction driven chain wheel 203 is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating roller 207 through key connection; the compaction chain 204 is sleeved on the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel; the driving motor 206 drives the compaction driven sprocket 203 to rotate through the driving sprocket and the compaction chain 204; the compaction driven chain wheel 203 drives the rotating roller 207 to rotate; in this way, during the compaction of the spun web 5, the rotating roll 207 rotates and serves to pull the spun web 5.

As shown in fig. 10 to 11, the winding device 3 includes an upper winding frame 306, a first guide roller 303, a limit roller 302, a tension adjusting roller 305, a second guide roller 301, and a winding roller 319; according to the moving direction of the centrifugal spinning fiber web 5, the first guide roll 303, the limiting roll 302, the tension adjusting roll 305, the second guide roll 301 and the winding roll 319 are sequentially arranged on the upper winding frame 306; the spun web 5 is guided by the first guide roll 303 to the winding device 3, guided by the dancer roll 305 and the second guide roll 301, and wound around the winding roll 319.

The stopper roller 302 is disposed obliquely above the first guide roller 303, and ensures that the spun-spun fiber web 5 is only between the first guide roller 303 and the stopper roller 302.

Guide blocks 304 are arranged on two sides of the upper rolling rack 306; a groove is processed in the guide block 304; two ends of the tension adjusting roller 305 are respectively installed in the grooves of the two guide blocks 304 and slide in the grooves; the tension adjusting roller 305 presses the centrifugally spun web 5, and adjusts the tension of the centrifugally spun web 5 by its own weight.

Clamping mechanisms 317 are further arranged on the two sides of the upper winding rack 306; two ends of the winding roller 319 are respectively clamped in the two sets of clamping mechanisms 317; the clamping mechanism 317 clamps the wind-up roll 319 and the bearing thereon in a groove in the clamping mechanism 317, and the wind-up roll 319 freely rotates in the clamping mechanism 317; after the winding function is completed, the winding roller 317 can be easily separated from the chucking mechanism 317 by manually operating the chucking mechanism 317.

To complete the winding function, the wind-up roll 319 needs to rotate continuously; therefore, the winding device 3 further includes a winding motor 312, a winding driving sprocket 314, a winding chain 315, a winding driven sprocket 316 and a winding driven shaft 321; the winding motor 312 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper winding rack 306; the winding driving sprocket 314 is fixedly mounted on an output shaft of the winding motor 312 through key connection; the winding driven shaft 321 is mounted on the winding rack 306 through a bearing seat; is fixedly arranged at one end of the winding driven shaft 321 through key connection; the rolling chain 315 is sleeved on the rolling driving sprocket 314 and the rolling driven sprocket 316; the other end of the winding driven shaft 321 is fixedly provided with a driving gear 320 through key connection; a driven gear 318 is arranged on the winding roller 319; the driving gear 320 is engaged with the driven gear 318.

The winding motor 312 drives a winding driven sprocket 316 to rotate through a winding driving sprocket 314 and a winding chain 315, and the winding driven sprocket 316 drives a winding driven shaft 321 to rotate together; the winding driven shaft 321 rotates with the driving gear 320, and the driving gear 320 transmits power to the winding roller 319 through the driven gear 318, so that the winding roller 319 can rotate continuously.

In the winding process, the centrifugal spinning fiber web 5 may be off-tracking; therefore, the winding device 3 further comprises a deviation rectifying device 322; the deviation rectifying device 322 is installed at the lower part of the upper rolling frame 306, and adjusts the position of the upper rolling frame 306 to prevent deviation.

The deviation correcting device 322 comprises a lower winding frame 313, a deviation correcting slide rail 311, a deviation correcting slide block 307, a linear servo motor 309, a motor fixing seat 310 and a connecting seat 308; the linear servo motor 309 is fixedly mounted on the lower winding rack 313 through the motor fixing seat 310; an output shaft of the linear servo motor 309 is fixedly connected with the upper winding rack 306 through the connecting seat 308; the four deviation rectifying slide rails 311 are symmetrically arranged on the lower winding rack 313; the four deviation rectifying slide blocks 307 are respectively matched with the four deviation rectifying slide rails 311 and slide on the deviation rectifying slide rails 311; the upper winding frame 306 is fixedly connected with four deviation rectifying sliders 307.

The linear servo motor 309 drives the upper winding rack 306 to slide on the deviation rectifying slide rail 311 through the deviation rectifying slide block 307; the position of the wind-up roll 319 is adjusted in this way, preventing off-tracking when winding the centrifugal spinning web 5.

The control system 16 controls the whole set of device to automatically operate, and the main control process parameters comprise: the amount of feed, the speed of the spinneret 1340, the temperature of the spinning environment, and the speed of movement of the collection belt 142.

When the spinning device is used specifically, production parameters including the ambient temperature, the rotating speed of a spinning device, the thickness of spinning fibers and the moving speed of a collecting belt are set manually through a control system; the control system 16 selects the number of spinning units 131 according to the thickness value of the spun fiber; subsequently, the control system 16 controls the feeding device 12 to feed the spinning device 14; the flow meter 126 and the liquid level meter 122 jointly detect the volume of the spinning solution in the buffer tank 1342; stopping feeding when the set value is reached; the control system controls the temperature control device 15 to regulate the temperature of the semi-closed cavity on the frame 11 until a set value is reached; meanwhile, the control system 16 controls the operation of the transmission traction device 141 to enable the moving speed of the collection belt 142 to reach a set value; starting the direct current motor 1337, starting the spinneret 1340 to rotate at a high speed for spinning, descending fibers formed by spinning in a spiral line and collecting the fibers on the collecting belt 142 to finally form a uniform centrifugal spinning fiber web 5; the first centrifugal spun fibre web 5 produced is drawn manually through the compacting device 2 and wound into the winding device 3 for winding.

Example 2

The difference from embodiment 1 is that the planar-surface-receiving centrifugal spinning apparatus in embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 12, further includes an unwinding device 4, where the unwinding device 4 is disposed at a front end of the centrifugal spinning device 1; a substrate cloth 6 is wound on the unwinding device 4; the base cloth 6 penetrates into the centrifugal spinning device 1 and is flatly laid on the collecting belt 142; the end of the base cloth 6 is wound around the wind-up roller 319 of the wind-up device 3.

As shown in fig. 13, the unwinding device 4 includes an unwinding roller 401, an unwinding frame 402, a chucking mechanism 317, a first guide roller 303, a third guide roller 403, a second guide roller 301, and a deviation rectification device 322; according to the movement direction of the base cloth 6, the second guide roller 301, the third guide roller 403 and the first guide roller 303 are sequentially arranged and fixedly mounted on the unreeling machine frame 402; the base cloth 6 is wound on the unwinding roller 401 in a whole roll; the base cloth 6 is guided out of the unwinding device 4 through a second guide roller 301, a third guide roller 403 and a first guide roller 303; the clamping mechanisms 317 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the unreeling rack 402.

The unwinding roller 401 is an inflatable shaft, when in winding, the unwinding roller 401 is not inflated, the whole roll of the base fabric 6 is manually sleeved on the unwinding roller 401, and the unwinding roller 401 is inflated and expanded to fix the roll of the base fabric 6 on the unwinding roller 401; and manually opening the clamping mechanism 317, and clamping the two ends of the unwinding roller 401 into the clamping mechanism 317.

When the spinneret 1340 rotates at a high speed in a specific use, the spinning solution in the spinneret 1340 is sprayed out, and the spinning solution is rapidly formed into filaments at the moment of spraying due to the centrifugal force and the force, and the filaments are attached to the base cloth 6 on the collecting belt 142 to form a fiber web; the collecting belt 142 is driven by the winding device 3 to move forward, the fiber web is evenly laid on the base cloth 6, and the manufactured centrifugal spun fiber web 5 with the base cloth is compacted by the compacting device 2 and then wound into the winding device 3 to form a roll.

Example 3

The difference from embodiment 1 is that the spinning device 133 of embodiment 3 has at least one spinning nozzle 1354 mounted on the spinning device 1340; the spinneret is shown in fig. 14, and the inner diameter of the spinneret is gradually reduced to form a cone; the spinning solution in the spinneret 1340 is ejected through the spinneret 1354.

Example 4

The difference from embodiment 1 is that the spinning device 133 of embodiment 4 has at least one spinning nozzle 1354 mounted on the spinning device 1340; the spinneret is shown in the shape shown in fig. 15, and the structure is in a step form; the spinning solution in the spinneret 1340 is ejected through the spinneret 1354.

Example 5

The invention also specifically relates to a plane receiving type centrifugal spinning method, which comprises the following specific steps:

1) putting polyvinyl butyral (PVB) powder into a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 70 ℃ for 8 hours;

2) adding absolute ethyl alcohol into polyvinyl butyral (PVB) powder to prepare a spinning solution with the mass fraction of 10%;

3) placing the spinning solution in a water bath at 80-90 ℃, uniformly stirring for 8 hours by a mechanical stirrer, and then placing the spinning solution in a vacuum box for standing for 1 hour to make bubbles in the spinning solution disappear as much as possible;

4) the equipment in embodiment 3 is adopted for spinning, the testing parameters are adjusted through the control system, the temperature of the spinning environment is set to be 25 ℃, a set of spinning units is selected, the rotating speed of the spinning device is set to be 3000r/min, the diameter of the spinning hole is 1mm, and the distance between the collecting belt and the spinning device is 50 mm.

Example 6

A plane receiving type centrifugal spinning method comprises the following specific steps:

1) respectively placing polyvinyl butyral (PVB) powder and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 30 ℃ for 8 hours; n, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is taken as a solvent;

2) the mass ratio of PVB, PAN and DMF is 1.5:1: 10;

3) pouring weighed DMF into a beaker, starting a stirrer, stirring the DMF at the rotating speed of 520r/min, slowly pouring PAN powder into the DMF, stirring, finally pouring PVB powder into the DMF, stirring for 4 hours, and after stirring is finished, placing the formed spinning solution in a vacuum box and standing for 1 hour to ensure that bubbles in the spinning solution disappear as much as possible;

4) the equipment in embodiment 3 is adopted for spinning, the testing parameters are adjusted through the control system, the temperature of the spinning environment is set to be 45 ℃, a set of spinning units is selected, the rotating speed of the spinning device is set to be 8000r/min, the diameter of the spinning hole is 0.2mm, and the distance between the collecting belt and the spinning device is 80 mm.

Example 7

A plane receiving type centrifugal spinning method comprises the following specific steps:

1) putting Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder into a vacuum drying oven, and drying at 30 ℃ for 8 hours; n, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is taken as a solvent;

2) the mass fraction of PAN is 18%;

3) starting a stirrer, stirring DMF at the rotating speed of 520r/min, slowly pouring PAN powder into DMF, stirring for 4 hours, and after stirring is finished, placing the formed spinning solution in a vacuum box and standing for 1 hour to ensure that bubbles in the spinning solution disappear as much as possible;

4) the equipment in embodiment 3 is adopted for spinning, the testing parameters are adjusted through the control system, the temperature of the spinning environment is set to be 25 ℃, a set of spinning units is selected, the rotating speed of the spinning device is set to be 3000r/min, the diameter of the spinning hole is 0.2mm, and the distance between the collecting belt and the spinning device is 50 mm.

Examples 8 to 10

Examples 8 to 10 differ from example 7 in that in example 8, the mass fraction of PAN was 19%; the mass fraction of PAN in example 9 was 20%; the mass fraction of PAN in example 10 was 21%; the other conditions were the same as in example 7.

By comparing the frequency distribution histogram (FIG. 18) of the fiber diameters at different concentrations, it can be seen that the fiber diameters are mostly distributed in the range of 1-5 μm, wherein 21% of the components have a small amount of nanofibers, and the fiber diameters become larger as the concentration increases; because the solution viscosity is higher and the acting force between molecular chains is higher and higher with the increase of the solution concentration, the molecular chains are more and more difficult to draw under the condition of the same rotating speed, so that the diameter is larger.

Examples 11 to 14

The difference from the embodiment 5 is that in the embodiment 11, the rotating speed of the spinneret is set to be 5000 r/min; in example 12, the rotational speed of the spinneret was set to 6000 r/min; in example 13, the rotational speed of the spinneret was set to 7000 r/min; in example 13, the rotational speed of the spinneret was set at 8000 r/min; the other conditions were the same as in example 5.

Shooting the test object in real time through a high-speed camera, and selecting 0s, 15s, 30s and 45s as experimental records; in the range of 5000rpm-6000rpm, the centrifugal force borne by the PVB spinning solution ejected by the spinning nozzle is gradually increased, and the PVB spinning solution is timely free from the action of a negative pressure field of the rotating spinning nozzle under the action of the inertia force, so that a better spinning track can be formed around the spinning nozzle.

Examples 12 to 14

The difference from the embodiment 5 is that in the embodiment 12, the test parameters are adjusted by the control system, and the spinning environment temperature is set to 10 ℃; in example 13, the test parameters were adjusted by the control system, and the spinning environment temperature was set to 40 ℃; in example 14, the test parameters were adjusted by the control system, and the spinning environment temperature was set to 55 ℃; the other conditions were the same as in example 5.

At a temperature of 10 ℃, the PVB spinning solution exhibits typical viscous behavior; as the temperature increased, the elastic behavior of the PVB spinning solution system increased at this time, after the gel point, the PVB solution exhibited typical elastic behavior and no plateaus occurred, indicating that the gelation process of the PVB solution was a physical process.

Example 15

Unlike example 5, in example 15, the spinning was performed using the apparatus of example 1, and the spinneret 1340 of example 1 was formed with through holes 1348, and the spinning solution was ejected from the through holes 1348 while the spinneret 1340 was rotated at a high speed.

Example 16

Different from the embodiment 5, the embodiment 16 adopts the equipment in the embodiment 4 to carry out spinning, the spinneret 1354 is arranged on the spinneret 1340 in the embodiment 1, and the structure form of the spinneret 1354 is a step form; the spinning solution in the spinneret 1340 is ejected through the spinneret 1354.

The process of centrifugal spinning of example 5, example 15 and example 16 was captured by a high-speed camera and photographed at four time nodes of 0s, 5s, 10s and 15 s.

In example 5, the PVB spinning solution was ejected through a conical spinneret, stretched, necked, and solidified to form PVB fibers and collected on the fiber collection surface under the action of its own gravity with the spiral line as the spinning path, and because the radius of the spinning path was large, the PVB fibers were subjected to a small force of a negative pressure field existing below the rotating spinneret, and the stability of the spinning path was good.

In example 15, the PVB spinning solution became dripping on the collection belt and PVB spinning was not performed under this condition.

In example 16, the PVB spinning solution was extruded from a spinneret in the form of a step, stretched, necked and solidified to form PVB fibers and to form a spiral line as a spinning path, and on the one hand, the PVB fibers were collected on a collection belt under the combined action of self-gravity and a negative pressure field existing below the rotating spinneret, and on the other hand, the PVB fibers collected on the collection belt were moved toward the bottom of the spinneret under the action of the negative pressure field existing below the rotating spinneret to be wound on the outer wall of the spinneret and the spinneret.

Examples 17 to 19

The difference from example 5 is that in example 17, the orifice diameter is 0.25 mm; in example 18, the orifice diameter was 0.41 mm; in example 19, the orifice diameter was 0.64 mm; the other conditions were the same as in example 5.

Capturing the experiment process of the real-time image through a high-speed camera, and capturing the real-time image at four time points of 0s, 15s, 30s and 45s in real time; as the spinneret aperture decreases, the surface uniformity of diameter between the PVB fibers produced increases, but the more multifilaments are present in the PVB fiber produced, i.e., there are multiple PVB fibers in one PVB fiber.

Examples 20 to 21

The difference from example 5 is that in example 20, the distance from the collecting tape to the spinneret was 40 mm; in example 21, the distance from the collecting tape to the spinneret was 60 mm;

the experiment process is captured by a high-speed camera, and real-time capture is carried out at four time points of 0s, 15s, 30s and 45 s.

As the collection height increases, the more multifilaments are present in the PVB fiber, i.e., there are multiple PVB fibers in one PVB fiber, and the diameter unevenness between the PVB fibers gradually increases.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (35)

1. A plane receiving type centrifugal spinning automatic production device is characterized by comprising a centrifugal spinning device (1), a compacting device (2) and a winding device (3); the centrifugal spinning device (1), the compacting device (2) and the winding device (3) are sequentially arranged from front to back according to the moving direction of the centrifugal spinning fiber net (5); the centrifugal spinning device (1) spins a centrifugal spinning fiber net (5); the centrifugally spun fiber web (5) is compacted by the compacting device (2) and then guided into the winding device (3); the winding device (3) winds the centrifugal spinning fiber net (5) into a coil; the centrifugal spinning device (1) comprises a feeding device (12), a spinning device (13) and a collecting device (14); the spinning device (13) is arranged above the collecting device (14), negative pressure is formed on the surface of the collecting device (14), and the centrifugal spinning fiber web (5) attached to the surface of the collecting device (14) is adsorbed on the collecting device (14) by the negative pressure; the spinning device (13) comprises at least one set of spinning units (131) provided with a spinning device (133); the spinning device comprises a buffer tank (1342), a material guide pipe (1344) and a spinning device (1340), wherein the upper end of the material guide pipe (1344) extends into the buffer tank (1342), the lower end of the material guide pipe is inserted into the spinning device (1340), spinning solution in the buffer tank (1342) enters the spinning device (1340) through the material guide pipe (1344), and a liquid level meter (122) is arranged in the buffer tank (1342); the spinning unit (131) comprises a traverse device (132) fixedly mounted on the rack (11), and the spinning devices (133) are symmetrically mounted on two sides of the traverse device (132); the traversing device (132) drives the spinning device (133) to do horizontal reciprocating motion above the collecting device (14); the traverse device (132) comprises a fixed bracket (1321), a traverse motion unit (1322) arranged on the fixed bracket (1321) and a traverse strut (1324); two ends of the fixed support (1321) are arranged on the rack (11); a mounting plate (1323) is arranged on the sliding block of the transverse moving unit (1322); the traverse supporting rod (1324) is arranged on the mounting plate (1323), and the traverse moving unit (1322) drives the traverse supporting rod (1324) to horizontally reciprocate through the mounting plate (1323).

2. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning as claimed in claim 1, wherein two sets of spinning devices (133) are respectively installed at two ends of two traverse struts (1324).

3. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 2, wherein the spinning device (133) further comprises a hollow shaft (1345); the material guide pipe (1344) is arranged in a central hole of the hollow shaft (1345) and is not contacted with the central hole; the spinneret (1340) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the hollow shaft (1345).

4. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 3, wherein the spinning device (133) further comprises a motor (1337), a driving pulley (1338), a driven pulley (1339) and a synchronous belt (1346); an output shaft of the motor (1337) is connected with the driving belt wheel (1338); the driven belt wheel (1339) is connected with a hollow shaft (1345); the synchronous belt (1346) is sleeved on the driving pulley (1338) and the driven pulley (1339).

5. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 4, wherein the spinning device (133) further comprises a buffer tank bracket (1351), a direct current motor bracket (1352) and a support plate (1353); the buffer tank support (1351) and the direct current motor support (1352) are fixed on the support plate (1353).

6. The automatic production equipment for plane-receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 5, wherein the spinning device (133) further comprises an adjusting screw (1332), a nut (1350), an adjusting plate (1333), a guide rod (1334) and a base plate (1336); the adjusting screw rod (1332) is mounted on the adjusting plate (1333) through a bearing seat and is matched with the nut (1350) mounted on the adjusting plate (1333), the upper end of the guide rod (1334) is connected with the adjusting plate (1333), and the lower end of the guide rod penetrates through the base plate (1336) and is mounted on the supporting plate (1353).

7. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 6, wherein the spinning device (133) further comprises a linear bearing (1335), the linear bearing (1335) is fixedly installed on the base plate (1336), and the guide rod (1334) is sleeved in the linear bearing (1335).

8. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 6, wherein a hand wheel (1331) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the adjusting screw rod (1332).

9. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 1, wherein the feeding device (12) comprises a storage tank (121) filled with spinning solution and a flow pump (123); the storage tank (121) is connected with the flow pump (123) through a pipeline, and the flow pump (123) is connected with the buffer tanks (1342) through pipelines.

10. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 9, wherein the pipeline between the flow pump (123) and the buffer tank (1342) is provided with an electric switch valve (124) and a flow meter (125).

11. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 10, wherein the liquid level meters (122) are arranged in the storage tank (121) and the buffer tank (1342).

12. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 11, wherein the storage tank (121) is provided with a stirrer (126).

13. The automatic production plant of centrifugal spinning of planar reception type according to claim 1, characterized in that said collection means (14) comprise transmission drawing means (141) and a collection belt (142); the collecting belt (142) is an annular belt and is sleeved on the transmission traction device (141); the transmission traction device (141) drives the collection belt (142) to do circular motion; a support plate (143) is provided below the collection belt (142) for supporting the collection belt (142).

14. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 13, wherein the collecting belt (142) is a net structure, and the supporting plate (143) is provided with a plurality of through holes.

15. The automatic production equipment of planar receiving centrifugal spinning as claimed in claim 14, wherein an air draft device is installed below the supporting plate (143) so that negative pressure is formed on the surface of the collecting belt (142), and the negative pressure adsorbs the centrifugal spinning web (5) attached to the surface of the collecting belt (142) on the collecting belt (142).

16. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal spinning device (1) further comprises a temperature control device (15), and the temperature control device (15) comprises a plurality of electric heating pipes (151) and a plurality of sets of refrigerating devices (152); the frame (11) all around and the top be provided with the isolation cover plate, with collect area (142) and form half closed cavity, electric heating pipe (151) and refrigerating plant (152) are right half closed cavity carries out temperature regulation.

17. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 1, wherein the compacting device (2) comprises a compacting machine frame (201), an air cylinder (202), a press roller mounting plate (211), a press roller (210), a rotating roller (207) and a slide rail (213); two ends of the compression roller mounting plate (211) are fixedly provided with sliding blocks (209) matched with the sliding rails (213), and the two sliding rails (213) are respectively and fixedly arranged at two sides of the compaction rack (201); the piston rod of the air cylinder (202) is connected with the press roll mounting plate (211) through a floating joint (212).

18. The automatic production equipment of planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 17, wherein the compacting device (2) further comprises a compacting driven sprocket (203), a compacting chain (204), a compacting driving sprocket (205) and a driving motor (206); the compaction driving chain wheel (205) is installed on an output shaft of the driving motor (206), the compaction driven chain wheel (203) is installed at one end of the rotating roller (207) and is connected with the compaction driving chain wheel (205) through the compaction chain (204) sleeved on the outer portion.

19. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 1, wherein the winding device (3) comprises an upper winding frame (306), a first guide roller (303), a limiting roller (302), a tension adjusting roller (305), a second guide roller (301) and a winding roller (319); the centrifugal spinning fiber web (5) is guided into the winding device (3) through the limiting roller (302) by the first guide roller (303), and is wound on the winding roller (319) after being guided by the tension adjusting roller (305) and the second guide roller (301).

20. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning as claimed in claim 19, wherein guide blocks (304) are installed on two sides of the upper winding frame (306), and grooves are processed in the guide blocks (304); two ends of the tension adjusting roller (305) are respectively arranged in grooves of the two guide blocks (304); the tension adjusting roller (305) is pressed on the centrifugal spinning fiber web (5), and the tension of the centrifugal spinning fiber web (5) is adjusted by the self gravity.

21. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 19, wherein two ends of the wind-up roll (319) are respectively clamped in two sets of clamping mechanisms (317); and the winding roller (319) and the bearing on the winding roller are clamped in a groove in the clamping mechanism (317) by the clamping mechanism (317).

22. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 21, wherein the winding device (3) further comprises a winding motor (312), a winding driving sprocket (314), a winding chain (315), a winding driven sprocket (316) and a winding driven shaft (321); the winding driving chain wheel (314) is arranged on an output shaft of the winding motor (312); the winding driven shaft (321) is mounted on the upper winding rack (306) through a bearing seat, one end of the winding driven shaft is provided with a winding driven chain wheel (316), and the other end of the winding driven shaft is connected with the driving gear (320); the rolling chain (315) is sleeved on the rolling driving chain wheel (314) and the rolling driven chain wheel (316); and a driven gear (318) matched with the driving gear (320) is installed at the end part of the winding roller (319).

23. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 22, wherein the winding device (3) further comprises a deviation rectifying device (322) installed at the lower part of the upper winding frame (306).

24. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 23, wherein the deviation correcting device (322) comprises a lower winding frame (313), a deviation correcting slide rail (311), a deviation correcting slide block (307) and a servo motor (309), wherein the deviation correcting slide rail is connected with the upper winding frame (306); an output shaft of the servo motor (309) is fixedly connected with the upper winding rack (306); the plurality of deviation rectifying slide rails (311) are symmetrically arranged on the lower winding rack (313); the plurality of deviation rectifying slide blocks (307) are respectively matched with the deviation rectifying slide rails (311) and slide on the deviation rectifying slide rails (311).

25. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 1, further comprising an unwinding device (4) arranged at the front end of the centrifugal spinning device (1); a base fabric (6) is wound on the unwinding device (4), and the base fabric (6) penetrates into the centrifugal spinning device (1) and is flatly laid on the collecting belt (142); the end part of the base cloth (6) is wound on the winding roller (319) on the winding device (3).

26. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 25, wherein the unwinding device (4) comprises an unwinding roller (401), an unwinding frame (402), and a second guide roller (301), a third guide roller (403) and a first guide roller (303) which are sequentially arranged along the moving direction of the base fabric (6) and fixedly mounted on the unwinding frame (402).

27. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning as claimed in claim 26, wherein the unwinding device (4) further comprises a clamping mechanism (317), and the clamping mechanism (317) is fixedly installed at two sides of the unwinding rack (402).

28. The automatic production equipment for planar receiving centrifugal spinning as claimed in claim 27, wherein the unwinding device (4) further comprises a deviation rectifying device, which is disposed at the lower part of the unwinding frame (402) and has the same structure as the deviation rectifying device (322) in the winding device (3).

29. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 1, wherein the spinneret (1340) is provided with at least one spinneret (1354); the inner diameter of the spinneret nozzle (1354) is gradually reduced to form a cone shape; the spinning solution in the spinneret (1340) is ejected through the spinneret (1354).

30. The automatic production equipment for the planar receiving centrifugal spinning according to claim 1, wherein the spinneret (1340) is provided with at least one spinneret (1354); the structure of the spinneret nozzle (1354) is in a step form; the spinning solution in the spinneret (1340) is ejected through the spinneret (1354).

31. A method of producing a centrifugally spun fibrous web using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 30, comprising the steps of:

(1) preparation of centrifugal spinning solution: mixing a polymer and a solvent according to a certain mass fraction, stirring and standing to obtain a uniformly dispersed spinning solution;

(2) centrifugal spinning: and (2) carrying out centrifugal spinning by adopting the spinning solution prepared in the step (1).

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein the polymer in step (1) is one or more of polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile, chitosan, polyoxyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, gelatin, sodium alginate, poly phenylene terephthalamide, and polyimide.

33. The method according to claim 31, wherein the solvent of step (1) is one or more of ethanol, N-dimethylformamide, water, acetic acid, and acetone.

34. The method of claim 31, wherein the spinning speed of the spinneret is 500r/min to 10000 r/min; the movement speed of the collection belt is 0-10 m/min; the environmental temperature range is 10-80 ℃.

35. The process of claim 31, wherein the spinneret orifices are in the range of 0.1mm to 1mm when spun; the distance between the spinneret and the collection belt is 0-100 mm.

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