CN110274842B - MBT garbage field water-holding capacity measuring method - Google Patents
MBT garbage field water-holding capacity measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110274842B CN110274842B CN201910629753.1A CN201910629753A CN110274842B CN 110274842 B CN110274842 B CN 110274842B CN 201910629753 A CN201910629753 A CN 201910629753A CN 110274842 B CN110274842 B CN 110274842B
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
- G01N5/025—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content for determining moisture content
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Abstract
The invention discloses a field water holding capacity measuring method for MBT garbage. No method for measuring field water holding capacity of MBT garbage materials exists. The invention comprises a workbench, a sample barrel overturning mechanism, a fixed ladder block, a water outlet pipe, a water outlet collecting barrel, a gland, a vertical lever assembly, a pressurizing device and a water storage tank. The invention uses the water storage tank to fill water into the sample barrel from the bottom of the sample barrel, and water is discharged from the top of the side wall of the sample barrel; the vertical lever assembly and the pressurizing device are utilized to change the weight, so that the gland can generate different vertical pressures on the MBT garbage sample to simulate the upper soil covering pressure of the sample at different landfill depths, the operation is simple, the field water holding capacity and the change rule of the MBT garbage at different depths can be measured, and data support is provided for percolate estimation and stability analysis of a garbage landfill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of indoor geotechnical test devices, and particularly relates to a field water holding capacity measuring method for MBT garbage, which is used for simulating field water holding capacity characteristics of an MBT garbage landfill.
Background
With the increasing acceleration of the urban process, the urban level is continuously improved, more and more people are moved to the cities, the population of the cities is greatly increased, the total amount of generated urban household garbage is increased year by year, and part of cities are faced with or are about to face the dilemma of garbage surrounding cities. How to efficiently treat household garbage in a harmless and resource-saving way is an important subject to be solved urgently in urban development. The Mechanical-Biological-Treatment technology, MBT garbage Treatment technology for short, is firstly applied in European countries, and can achieve the effects of reducing, utilizing resources and reducing peculiar smell through harmless Treatment modes such as biodegradation, mechanical mashing and the like. The final product after the decrement treatment, namely MBT garbage, is buried again, so that a large amount of land resources can be saved. Because MBT technology is still in the beginning introduction stage in China, the related research on the field water holding capacity of MBT garbage is less, and in order to predict the percolate yield of an MBT garbage landfill, the invention provides a simple and convenient-to-operate MBT garbage field water holding capacity measuring device and a measuring method. At present, although a literature records a method for measuring field water holding capacity of urban household garbage or soil, a method for measuring field water holding capacity of MBT garbage materials does not exist.
The field water holding capacity of the municipal solid waste is an important geotechnical index of the waste. The field water holding capacity of the garbage is the maximum water content under the action of the dead weight stress of the garbage under the condition of good drainage condition. When the water holding capacity of the garbage exceeds the field water holding capacity, the redundant water is discharged in the form of percolate, and the water in the garbage is stopped due to capillary action. There are three expression methods for MBT refuse field water holding capacity, the first expression method is dry weight water holding capacity, which is defined as: the ratio of the water weight of the garbage to the dry weight of the garbage in the field water-holding capacity state is expressed as a percentage; the second expression is wet weight water holding capacity, which is defined as: the ratio of the water weight of the garbage to the total weight of the garbage in the field water-holding state is expressed as a percentage; the third expression is volume water holding capacity, which is defined as: the ratio of the volume of water of the garbage in the field water-holding state to the total volume of the garbage is expressed as a percentage. The field water holding capacity of the garbage is an important parameter required by the construction of a modern sanitary landfill, and the index is required in the field percolate yield estimation, percolate collection and transmission, final coverage design, landfill body stability analysis, landfill capacity expansion, development and utilization after sealing and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the field water holding capacity of MBT garbage materials is lack to be measured in the prior art, and provides a field water holding capacity measuring method for MBT garbage, which is used for measuring the field water holding capacity and change rule of MBT garbage at different depths (pressures) and providing data support for percolate estimation and stability analysis of a garbage landfill.
The invention relates to a field water holding capacity measuring method of MBT garbage, which adopts an MBT garbage field water holding capacity measuring device, and comprises a workbench, a sample barrel overturning mechanism, a fixed ladder block, a water outlet pipe, a water outlet collecting barrel, a gland, a vertical lever component, a pressurizing device and a water storage tank; the workbench is provided with a base placement groove, and the bottom of the base placement groove is open; the base is arranged in the base arranging groove; two coaxially arranged connecting shafts are welded on two sides of the base; the fixed ladder block is welded on the workbench, and the two connecting shafts are horizontally arranged and respectively penetrate through a horizontal through hole formed in the fixed ladder block; the sample barrel overturning mechanism comprises a movable frame, a gear, an arc-shaped rack and a spring; gears are fixed on the two connecting shafts; two vertical rods at two ends of the movable frame and two vertical slide ways formed by the fixed ladder blocks respectively form sliding pairs, and a cross rod in the middle of the movable frame is connected with the inner cavity of the fixed ladder blocks through two springs which are vertically arranged; a pressing block is fixed on the cross rod of the movable frame; two arc racks fixed on two vertical rods of the movable frame are respectively meshed with two gears; the two connecting plates are fixed on two sides of the base, and one ends of the two connecting plates, which are far away from the connecting shaft, are provided with pin holes I which are horizontally arranged; the workbench is provided with a pin hole II and two supporting holes which are symmetrical with respect to the base mounting groove; the two supporting holes are coaxially arranged with the connecting shaft; the first pin hole and the second pin hole are coaxially arranged in the horizontal state of the base; a second pin hole of the workbench is internally embedded with a bolt; the two rotating shafts and the two supporting holes respectively form a revolute pair, and the inner ends of the two rotating shafts are respectively fixed with the two connecting plates.
The bottom of the sample barrel is provided with an integrally formed convex ring, and the convex ring is fixedly connected to the base through a bolt; the length of the base placement groove is larger than the sum of the heights of the sample barrel and the base; one end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with a water outlet formed in the top of the sample barrel, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water outlet collecting barrel through a hose; the water outlet collecting barrel is fixed on the workbench; the two ends of the sample barrel are both arranged in an open mode, the bottom of the barrel is paved with a permeable layer, a covering layer is arranged in the sample barrel, and the side part of the covering layer covers the water outlet of the sample barrel; the gland is arranged on the cover layer.
The vertical lever assembly comprises a lever, a supporting rod and a force application rod; the supporting rod is vertically fixed on the workbench, and the middle part of the lever is hinged with the top end of the supporting rod; the gland is hinged at one end of the lever, and the top end of the force application rod is hinged at the other end of the lever; the pressurizing device comprises a balance rod, a hanging bracket, a weight rack and a balancing weight; the top end of the hanging bracket is welded on the bottom surface of the workbench, and the middle part of the balance rod is hinged at the bottom end of the hanging bracket; one end of the balance rod is hinged with the bottom end of the force application rod, and the weight frame is hinged with the other end of the balance rod; the balancing weight is fixed at one end of the balancing rod far away from the weight frame.
A water outlet is formed in the position of the base in the sample barrel, the top end of the water outlet is communicated with the sample barrel, and the bottom end of the water outlet is communicated with a first connector of the three-way pipe; a valve is arranged at the second interface of the three-way pipe; the fixed column is fixed on the workbench through a bolt, and the water storage tank is fixed at the top end of the fixed column; the water outlet at the bottom end of the water storage tank is connected with a third joint of the three-way pipe through a pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the pipeline; the bottom end of the water storage tank is higher than the top end of the sample barrel; the lapping frame is L-shaped, two sliding blocks are welded at the top end of the lapping frame, and the sliding blocks and a dovetail groove formed in the bottom surface of the workbench form a sliding pair; the drainage barrel is arranged on the lapping frame.
The covering layer and the permeable layer are composed of filter paper and permeable stone, the permeable stone of the covering layer is arranged on the filter paper of the covering layer, and the permeable stone of the permeable layer is arranged below the filter paper of the permeable layer.
The MBT garbage field water-holding capacity measuring method specifically comprises the following steps:
dividing the MBT garbage sample into a plurality of parts, and respectively executing the steps one to six, wherein the initial mass M of each part is equal to the mass M of the other part Sample preparation In an arithmetic progression.
Step one: sequentially paving permeable stone and filter paper of the permeable layer on the bottom of a sample barrel, and then pouring a part of crushed and uniformly stirred MBT garbage sample into the sample barrel; then the filter paper and the permeable stone of the cover layer are sequentially paved on the MBT garbage sample, and the permeable Dan Cebu of the cover layer completely covers the water outlet pipe.
Step two: and (3) recording the quality of water in the water storage tank, opening a valve on the pipeline, injecting water into the sample barrel from the bottom of the sample barrel through the three-way pipe until the water outlet pipe on the sample barrel uniformly discharges water, closing the valve on the pipeline when no bubbles are generated, and recording the water quantity discharged from the water outlet pipe after saturation.
Step three: and recording the mass of the water left in the water storage tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated, and calculating to obtain the mass M of the water left in the MBT garbage sample.
Step four: carrying out six-time pressure step-by-step pressure test on the saturated MBT garbage sample, wherein the pressure test is to apply weights, so that the pressurizing device applies pressure to the MBT garbage sample through a vertical lever and a gland, and the method is as follows: the weights are placed on the weight frame, so that the end, close to the weight blocks, of the balance rod is lifted up, the force application rod moves upwards, the lever drives the gland to generate vertical downward pressure, the MBT garbage sample is extruded, and therefore the upper covering soil pressure of the MBT garbage sample at different landfill depths is simulated; then opening a valve at the second joint of the three-way pipe to drain the water until no water drops, and measuring the drainage quality M collected in the drainage bucket 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Finally, subtracting the height from the top surface of the sample barrel to the MBT garbage sample from the height from the top surface of the sample barrel to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the sample barrel to obtain the height of the pressurized sample, and calculating the volume V of the sample in a field water holding state by combining the bottom area of the inner cavity of the sample barrel 1 。
Step five: taking out the MBT garbage sample after six pressure tests; the MBT garbage sample taking-out process specifically comprises the following steps: the sliding block slides along the dovetail groove, so that the lapping frame is far away from the three-way pipe; pulling out the plug pin, repeatedly pressing and loosening the pressing block upwards, so that the base gradually rotates to drive the top end of the sample barrel downwards; wherein, press upwardsWhen the pressing block is pressed, an upward force is applied to the movable frame, the spring is compressed, so that the arc-shaped rack fixed with the movable frame moves upwards and is separated from the gear, and the base drives the sample barrel to rotate by an angle; when the pressing block is loosened, the pressing block enables the movable frame to reset under the action of restoring force of the spring, the arc-shaped rack is meshed with the gear again, and the base stops rotating; after the top end of the sample barrel is downward in place, the MBT garbage sample is poured out of the sample barrel and put into a baking oven, the sample barrel is dried to constant weight, and the mass of the dried MBT garbage sample is recorded as M 1 。
Step six: calculating mass M of MBT garbage sample under field water-holding state 0 ＝M Sample preparation +M-M 2 The three field capacities were then calculated as follows:
dry weight water holding capacity:
wet weight water holding capacity:
volume water holding capacity:
further, MBT garbage samples were divided into five parts, each having initial masses of 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100, and 2400g, respectively.
Further, the mass of water in the water storage tank before the valve on the pipeline is opened subtracts the mass of the residual water in the water storage tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated, and subtracts the water discharged from the water outlet pipe to obtain the mass M of water left in the MBT garbage sample.
Further, the six pressure levels were 25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400kPa, respectively.
Further, the oven temperature was set to 65 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention realizes measurement through the actions of compression and permeation, water is injected into the sample barrel from the bottom of the sample barrel by utilizing the water storage tank, and water is discharged from the top of the side wall of the sample barrel; the vertical lever assembly and the pressurizing device are utilized to change the weight, so that the gland can generate different vertical pressures on the MBT garbage sample to simulate the upper soil covering pressure of the sample at different landfill depths, the operation is simple, the field water holding capacity and the change rule of the MBT garbage at different depths (pressures) can be measured, and data support is provided for percolate estimation and stability analysis of a garbage landfill.
2. The invention has the advantages that MBT garbage can be poured out from the sample barrel very conveniently, the bolt can be pulled out from one side of the workbench, then the pressing block on the fixed ladder block is pressed, an upward force is generated on the pressing block, the movable frame in the fixed ladder block is lifted, the arc-shaped rack at the bottom end of the movable frame is separated from the meshed gear, and the connecting shaft fixed with the gear can drive the base and the sample barrel to rotate relative to the fixed ladder block; when the hand is loosened, the movable frame is under the action of the restoring force of the spring, so that the arc-shaped rack is meshed with the gear again, and the rotation of the connecting shaft is limited, so that the base is prevented from rotating again; through pressing regulation and control many times for the sample bucket can slowly rotate, avoids rotating too soon, and inside rubbish is thrown away, is unfavorable for the collection of rubbish.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal assembly relationship of a sample barrel according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of the base, fixed ladder blocks and sample barrel tilting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a sample barrel tilting mechanism in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of the pallet and table of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an assembled perspective view of the vertical lever assembly and the pressurizing device of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a work table; 2. a base; 3. a sample barrel; 4. a gland; 5. a water outlet pipe; 6. a base seating groove; 7. a water outlet collecting barrel; 8. a vertical lever assembly; 9. a pressurizing device; 10. the bolt, 11, the axis of rotation; 12. a water storage tank; 13. a weight rack; 14. balancing weight; 15. fixing the ladder blocks, 16, pressing the blocks; 17. a connecting shaft; 18. a moving rack; 19. a gear; 20. an arc-shaped rack; 21. a spring; 22. a three-way pipe; 23. building a frame; 24. a water draining bucket; 25. a cover layer; 26. a permeation layer; 27. a sliding block.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the MBT refuse field water holding capacity measuring device comprises a workbench 1, a sample barrel 3, a sample barrel overturning mechanism, a fixed ladder block 15, a water outlet pipe 5, a water outlet collecting barrel 7, a gland 4, a vertical lever assembly, a pressurizing device 9 and a water storage tank 12; the workbench 1 is provided with a base placement groove 6, and the bottom of the base placement groove 6 is open; the base 2 is arranged in the base arranging groove 6; two connecting shafts 17 coaxially arranged are welded on two sides of the base 2; the fixed ladder block 15 is welded on the workbench 1, and the two connecting shafts 17 are horizontally arranged and respectively pass through a horizontal via hole formed in the fixed ladder block 15; the sample barrel overturning mechanism comprises a movable frame 18, a gear 19, an arc-shaped rack 20 and a spring 21; gears 19 are fixed on the two connecting shafts 17; two vertical rods at two ends of the movable frame 18 and two vertical slide ways formed by the fixed ladder blocks 15 respectively form sliding pairs, and a cross rod in the middle of the movable frame 18 is connected with the inner cavity of the fixed ladder blocks 15 through two springs 21 which are vertically arranged; a pressing block 16 is fixed on the cross rod of the movable frame 18; two arc racks 20 fixed on two vertical rods of the movable frame 18 are respectively meshed with two gears 19; two connecting plates are fixed on two sides of the base 2, and one ends of the two connecting plates, which are far away from the connecting shaft 17, are provided with pin holes I which are horizontally arranged; the workbench 1 is provided with a pin hole II and two supporting holes which are symmetrical relative to the base placement groove 6; both support holes are arranged coaxially with the connecting shaft 17; the first pin hole and the second pin hole are coaxially arranged in the horizontal state of the base 2; a second pin hole of the workbench 1 is internally embedded with a bolt 10; the two rotating shafts 11 and the two supporting holes respectively form a revolute pair, and the inner ends of the two rotating shafts 11 are respectively fixed with the two connecting plates.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the bottom of the sample barrel 3 is provided with an integrally formed convex ring, and the convex ring is fixedly connected to the base 2 through bolts; the base placement groove 6 is rectangular, and the length is larger than the sum of the heights of the sample barrel 3 and the base; the base 2 and the sample barrel 3 can be overturned to the bottom of the workbench 1 through the base placement groove 6, so that MBT garbage can be dumped; one end of the water outlet pipe 5 is communicated with a water outlet arranged at the top of the sample barrel 3, and the other end is communicated with the water outlet collecting barrel 7 through a hose; the effluent collecting barrel 7 is fixed on the workbench 1; when the sample barrel 3 is turned over, the hose can be pulled out of the water outlet collecting barrel 7, and the hose is prevented from being pulled. The two ends of the sample barrel 3 are both arranged in an open mode, a permeable layer 26 is paved at the bottom of the barrel, MBT garbage is piled on the permeable layer 26, and a covering layer 25 is paved on the MBT garbage; the cover layer 25 is arranged in the sample barrel 3, and the side part of the cover layer 25 covers the water outlet of the sample barrel 3; the cover layer 25 and the permeable layer 26 are both composed of filter paper and permeable stone, and the permeable stone of the cover layer is arranged on the filter paper of the cover layer; the permeable stone of the osmotic layer is disposed under the filter paper of the osmotic layer 26. The gland 4 is arranged on the cover layer 25.
The permeable stone is a solid expression form of ecological permeable concrete, is formed by mixing cement, water and permeable concrete reinforcing agent with high-quality aggregate with the same particle size or gap gradation, and has a certain porosity, so that the penetrating fluid can uniformly pass through; the filter paper consists of cotton fibers, so that some garbage with smaller particles is prevented from passing through; MBT waste can be well piled up in the sample barrel 3 through the cover layer 25 and the permeable layer 26, and experiments are convenient.
As shown in fig. 7, the vertical lever assembly 8 includes a lever, a support rod, and a force application rod; the supporting rod is vertically fixed on the workbench 1, and the middle part of the lever is hinged with the top end of the supporting rod; the gland 4 is hinged at one end of the lever, and the top end of the force application rod is hinged at the other end of the lever; the pressurizing device 9 comprises a balance rod, a hanging bracket, a weight rack 13 and a balancing weight 14; the top end of the hanging bracket is welded on the bottom surface of the workbench 1, and the middle part of the balance rod is hinged at the bottom end of the hanging bracket; one end of the balance bar is hinged with the bottom end of the force application bar, and the weight frame 13 is hinged with the other end of the balance bar; the balancing weight 14 is fixed at one end of the balancing rod far away from the weight frame 13.
A water outlet is formed in the position of the base 2 in the sample barrel 3, the top end of the water outlet is communicated with the sample barrel 3, and the bottom end of the water outlet is communicated with a first connector of the three-way pipe 22; a valve is arranged at the second interface of the three-way pipe 22 to control the opening and closing; the fixed column is fixed on the workbench 1 through bolts, and the water storage tank 12 is fixed at the top end of the fixed column; the water outlet at the bottom end of the water storage tank 12 is connected with a third joint of the three-way pipe 22 through a pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the pipeline; the bottom end of the water storage tank 12 is higher than the top end of the sample tank 3, and water can be injected into the sample tank 3 by a pressure difference. As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the lapping frame 23 is L-shaped, two sliding blocks 27 are welded at the top end of the lapping frame 23, and the sliding blocks 27 and a dovetail groove formed in the bottom surface of the workbench 1 form a sliding pair; the water drain tub 24 is placed on the shelf 23. When the base 2 and the sample bucket 3 are turned over, the slider 27 may slide along the dovetail groove so as to prevent the tee 22 from colliding with the drain bucket 24, thereby keeping the bridge 23 away from the tee 22.
The measuring method of the MBT garbage field water-holding capacity measuring device comprises the following specific steps:
dividing the MBT garbage sample into a plurality of parts, and respectively executing the steps one to six, wherein the initial mass M of each part is equal to the mass M of the other part Sample preparation An arithmetic progression is presented; in this example, MBT garbage samples were divided into five parts, each having initial masses of 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100, and 2400g, respectively.
Step one: sequentially paving the permeable stone and the filter paper of the permeable layer 26 on the bottom of the sample barrel, and then pouring a part of crushed and uniformly stirred MBT garbage sample into the sample barrel 3; the filter paper and water permeable stone of the cover layer 25 are then laid on the MBT trash sample in sequence, and the water permeable Dan Cebu of the cover layer 25 is ensured to cover the water outlet pipe 5 completely at this time.
Step two: recording the quality of water in the water storage tank 12 (obtained by recording the conversion of the volume of water in the water storage tank 12 and the density of water), opening a valve on a pipeline, injecting water into the sample tank 3 from the bottom of the sample tank 3 through a three-way pipe 22 until the water outlet pipe 5 on the sample tank 3 uniformly discharges water, and when no bubbles are generated, at the moment, the visible sample is in a saturated state, closing the valve on the pipeline, and recording the water quantity discharged from the water outlet pipe 5 after saturation.
Step three: the mass of water remaining in the water storage tank after the MBT waste sample is saturated is recorded, and the mass M of water remaining in the MBT waste sample is calculated (the mass of water in the water storage tank 12 before the valve on the pipe is opened minus the mass of water remaining in the water storage tank after the MBT waste sample is saturated, and minus the amount of water discharged from the water outlet pipe 5, thereby obtaining the mass M of water remaining in the MBT waste sample).
Step four: six pressure tests were performed on saturated MBT refuse samples with progressively increasing pressures, the six pressure levels of this example being 25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400kPa, respectively. The pressure test is to apply weights, so that the pressurizing device 9 applies pressure to the MBT garbage sample through the vertical lever 8 and the gland 4, and the concrete steps are as follows: the weights are placed on the weight frame 13, so that the end, close to the balancing weight 14, of the balancing rod is lifted, the force application rod moves upwards, the lever drives the gland 4 to generate vertical downward pressure, the MBT garbage sample is extruded, and therefore the upper earthing pressure of the MBT garbage sample at different landfill depths is simulated; then the valve at the second joint of the three-way pipe 22 is opened to drain the second joint of the three-way pipe 22 until no water drops, and then the drainage quality M collected in the drainage bucket 24 is measured 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Finally, subtracting the height from the top surface of the sample barrel 3 to the MBT garbage sample from the height from the top surface of the sample barrel 3 to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the sample barrel to obtain the height of the pressurized sample, and calculating the volume V of the sample in a field water holding state by combining the bottom area of the inner cavity of the sample barrel 3 1 。
Step five: taking out the MBT garbage sample after six pressure tests; the MBT garbage sample taking-out process specifically comprises the following steps: the sliding block 27 slides along the dovetail groove, so that the lapping frame 23 is far away from the three-way pipe 22; pulling out the bolt 10, repeatedly pressing and loosening the pressing block 16 upwards, so that the base 2 gradually rotates to drive the top end of the sample barrel 3 downwards; when the pressing block 16 is pressed upwards, an upward force is applied to the movable frame 18, the spring 21 is compressed, so that the arc-shaped rack 20 fixed with the movable frame 18 moves upwards and is separated from the gear 19, and at the moment, the base drives the sample barrel 3 to rotate by an angle; when the pressing block 16 is released, the pressing block 16 returns to the spring 21The movable frame 18 is reset by the user, the arc-shaped rack 20 is meshed with the gear 19 again, and the base 2 stops rotating; after the top end of the sample barrel 3 is downward in place, the MBT garbage sample is poured out from the sample barrel 3 and put into an oven, the temperature of the oven is set to 65 ℃, the oven is dried to constant weight, and the mass of the MBT garbage sample after being dried is recorded to be M 1 。
Step six: calculating mass M of MBT garbage sample under field water-holding state 0 ＝M Sample preparation +M-M 2 The three field capacities were then calculated as follows:
dry weight water holding capacity:
wet weight water holding capacity:
volume water holding capacity:
the invention provides a reference for predicting the yield and safety and stability of the leachate of the landfill by researching the field water-holding capacity characteristic of MBT refuse soil.
Claims (5)
- The MBT garbage field water-holding capacity measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: MBT rubbish field water holding capacity survey device that adopts, including workstation, sample bucket tilting mechanism, fixed ladder piece, outlet pipe, play water collecting vessel, gland, vertical lever subassembly, supercharging device and water storage tank, its characterized in that: the workbench is provided with a base placement groove, and the bottom of the base placement groove is open; the base is arranged in the base arranging groove; two coaxially arranged connecting shafts are welded on two sides of the base; the fixed ladder block is welded on the workbench, and the two connecting shafts are horizontally arranged and respectively penetrate through a horizontal through hole formed in the fixed ladder block; the sample barrel overturning mechanism comprises a movable frame, a gear, an arc-shaped rack and a spring; gears are fixed on the two connecting shafts; two vertical rods at two ends of the movable frame and two vertical slide ways formed by the fixed ladder blocks respectively form sliding pairs, and a cross rod in the middle of the movable frame is connected with the inner cavity of the fixed ladder blocks through two springs which are vertically arranged; a pressing block is fixed on the cross rod of the movable frame; two arc racks fixed on two vertical rods of the movable frame are respectively meshed with two gears; the two connecting plates are fixed on two sides of the base, and one ends of the two connecting plates, which are far away from the connecting shaft, are provided with pin holes I which are horizontally arranged; the workbench is provided with a pin hole II and two supporting holes which are symmetrical with respect to the base mounting groove; the two supporting holes are coaxially arranged with the connecting shaft; the first pin hole and the second pin hole are coaxially arranged in the horizontal state of the base; a second pin hole of the workbench is internally embedded with a bolt; the two rotating shafts and the two supporting holes respectively form a revolute pair, and the inner ends of the two rotating shafts are respectively fixed with the two connecting plates;the bottom of the sample barrel is provided with an integrally formed convex ring, and the convex ring is fixedly connected to the base through a bolt; the length of the base placement groove is larger than the sum of the heights of the sample barrel and the base; one end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with a water outlet formed in the top of the sample barrel, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water outlet collecting barrel through a hose; the water outlet collecting barrel is fixed on the workbench; the two ends of the sample barrel are both arranged in an open mode, the bottom of the barrel is paved with a permeable layer, a covering layer is arranged in the sample barrel, and the side part of the covering layer covers the water outlet of the sample barrel; the gland is arranged on the cover layer;the vertical lever assembly comprises a lever, a supporting rod and a force application rod; the supporting rod is vertically fixed on the workbench, and the middle part of the lever is hinged with the top end of the supporting rod; the gland is hinged at one end of the lever, and the top end of the force application rod is hinged at the other end of the lever; the pressurizing device comprises a balance rod, a hanging bracket, a weight rack and a balancing weight; the top end of the hanging bracket is welded on the bottom surface of the workbench, and the middle part of the balance rod is hinged at the bottom end of the hanging bracket; one end of the balance rod is hinged with the bottom end of the force application rod, and the weight frame is hinged with the other end of the balance rod; the balancing weight is fixed at one end of the balancing rod far away from the weight frame;a water outlet is formed in the position of the base in the sample barrel, the top end of the water outlet is communicated with the sample barrel, and the bottom end of the water outlet is communicated with a first connector of the three-way pipe; a valve is arranged at the second interface of the three-way pipe; the fixed column is fixed on the workbench through a bolt, and the water storage tank is fixed at the top end of the fixed column; the water outlet at the bottom end of the water storage tank is connected with a third joint of the three-way pipe through a pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the pipeline; the bottom end of the water storage tank is higher than the top end of the sample barrel; the lapping frame is L-shaped, two sliding blocks are welded at the top end of the lapping frame, and the sliding blocks and a dovetail groove formed in the bottom surface of the workbench form a sliding pair; the drainage barrel is arranged on the lapping frame;the covering layer and the permeable layer are both composed of filter paper and permeable stone, the permeable stone of the covering layer is arranged on the filter paper of the covering layer, and the permeable stone of the permeable layer is arranged below the filter paper of the permeable layer;the method comprises the following steps: dividing the MBT garbage sample into a plurality of parts, and respectively executing the steps one to six, wherein the initial mass M of each part is equal to the mass M of the other part Sample preparation An arithmetic progression is presented;step one: sequentially paving permeable stone and filter paper of the permeable layer on the bottom of a sample barrel, and then pouring a part of crushed and uniformly stirred MBT garbage sample into the sample barrel; then sequentially paving the filter paper and the permeable stone of the covering layer on the MBT garbage sample, wherein the permeable Dan Cebu of the covering layer completely covers the water outlet pipe;step two: recording the quality of water in a water storage tank, opening a valve on a pipeline, injecting water into the sample barrel from the bottom of the sample barrel through a three-way pipe until a water outlet pipe on the sample barrel uniformly discharges water, closing the valve on the pipeline when no bubbles are generated, and recording the water quantity discharged from the water outlet pipe after saturation;step three: recording the mass of the residual water in the water storage tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated, and calculating to obtain the mass M of the water left in the MBT garbage sample;step four: carrying out six-time pressure step-by-step pressure test on the saturated MBT garbage sample, wherein the pressure test is to apply weights, so that the pressurizing device applies pressure to the MBT garbage sample through a vertical lever and a gland, and the method is as follows: placing weights on the weight rack, and leaning the balance rodThe end close to the balancing weight is tilted, so that the force application rod moves upwards, the lever drives the gland to generate vertical downward pressure, and the MBT garbage sample is extruded, so that the upper soil covering pressure of the MBT garbage sample at different landfill depths is simulated; then opening a valve at the second joint of the three-way pipe to drain the water until no water drops, and measuring the drainage quality M collected in the drainage bucket 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Finally, subtracting the height from the top surface of the sample barrel to the MBT garbage sample from the height from the top surface of the sample barrel to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the sample barrel to obtain the height of the pressurized sample, and calculating the volume V of the sample in a field water holding state by combining the bottom area of the inner cavity of the sample barrel 1 ；Step five: taking out the MBT garbage sample after six pressure tests; the MBT garbage sample taking-out process specifically comprises the following steps: the sliding block slides along the dovetail groove, so that the lapping frame is far away from the three-way pipe; pulling out the plug pin, repeatedly pressing and loosening the pressing block upwards, so that the base gradually rotates to drive the top end of the sample barrel downwards; when the pressing block is pressed upwards, an upward force is applied to the movable frame, the spring is compressed, so that the arc-shaped rack fixed with the movable frame moves upwards and is separated from the gear, and the base drives the sample barrel to rotate by an angle; when the pressing block is loosened, the pressing block enables the movable frame to reset under the action of restoring force of the spring, the arc-shaped rack is meshed with the gear again, and the base stops rotating; after the top end of the sample barrel is downward in place, the MBT garbage sample is poured out of the sample barrel and put into a baking oven, the sample barrel is dried to constant weight, and the mass of the dried MBT garbage sample is recorded as M 1 ；Step six: calculating mass M of MBT garbage sample under field water-holding state 0 ＝M Sample preparation +M-M 2 The three field capacities were then calculated as follows:dry weight water holding capacity:wet weight water holding capacity:volume water holding capacity:
- 2. the MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: MBT garbage samples were divided into five parts, each with initial mass of 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100 and 2400g, respectively.
- 3. The MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: and subtracting the mass of the water in the water storage tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated from the mass of the water in the water storage tank before the valve on the pipeline is opened, and subtracting the water amount discharged from the water outlet pipe to obtain the mass M of the water left in the MBT garbage sample.
- 4. The MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: the six pressure levels were 25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400kPa, respectively.
- 5. The MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: the oven temperature was set to 65 ℃.
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