CN110274842B - MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a field water holding capacity measuring method for MBT garbage. No method for measuring field water holding capacity of MBT garbage materials exists. The invention comprises a workbench, a sample barrel overturning mechanism, a fixed ladder block, a water outlet pipe, a water outlet collecting barrel, a gland, a vertical lever assembly, a pressurizing device and a water storage tank. The invention uses the water storage tank to fill water into the sample barrel from the bottom of the sample barrel, and water is discharged from the top of the side wall of the sample barrel; the vertical lever assembly and the pressurizing device are utilized to change the weight, so that the gland can generate different vertical pressures on the MBT garbage sample to simulate the upper soil covering pressure of the sample at different landfill depths, the operation is simple, the field water holding capacity and the change rule of the MBT garbage at different depths can be measured, and data support is provided for percolate estimation and stability analysis of a garbage landfill.

Description

MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of indoor geotechnical testing devices, and specifically relates to a method for measuring field water holding capacity of MBT garbage, which is used to simulate the field water holding capacity characteristics of MBT garbage landfills.

Background technique

With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the continuous improvement of the level of urbanization, more and more people are migrating to cities, the number of urban populations has increased dramatically, and the total amount of urban domestic waste generated has increased year by year. Some cities have already faced or will soon face The dilemma of garbage siege. How to efficiently process domestic waste into harmless, resource-oriented and reduced quantities has become an important issue that needs to be solved urgently in urban development. (Mechanical-Biological-Treatment) mechanical biological treatment technology, referred to as MBT garbage treatment technology, was first applied in European countries. This technology can achieve waste reduction, resource utilization and reduction through harmless treatment methods such as biodegradation and mechanical crushing. Odor effect. A large amount of land resources can be saved by landfilling the MBT waste, the final product of the reduction process. Since MBT technology is still in its initial introduction stage in my country, there are few related studies on the field water holding capacity of MBT garbage. In order to predict the leachate production of MBT landfills, a simple and easy-to-operate device for measuring the field water holding capacity of MBT garbage was invented. and measurement methods are very necessary. Although there are currently documented methods for measuring the field water capacity of municipal solid waste or soil, there is no method for measuring the field water capacity of MBT waste materials.

The field water capacity of municipal solid waste is an important geotechnical indicator of waste. The field water capacity of garbage is the maximum water content under the stress of the garbage's own weight under good drainage conditions. When the water holding capacity of the garbage exceeds the water holding capacity of the field, the excess water will be discharged in the form of leachate, and the water in the garbage will stay due to capillary action. There are three ways to express the field water capacity of MBT garbage. The first expression method is the dry weight water holding capacity, which is defined as: the ratio of the water weight of the garbage to the dry weight of the garbage under the field water capacity state, expressed as a percentage; the second expression method is The wet weight water holding capacity is defined as: the ratio of the water weight of the garbage to the total weight of the garbage under the condition of field water holding capacity, expressed as a percentage; the third expression method is the volumetric water holding capacity, which is defined as: the water holding capacity of the garbage under the condition of field water holding capacity. The ratio of volume to the total volume of garbage, expressed as a percentage. The field water capacity of garbage is an important parameter required for the construction of modern sanitary landfills. It is used in landfill leachate production estimation, leachate collection and transportation, final cover design, landfill stability analysis, landfill expansion and This indicator is required for development and utilization after closure.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the field water holding capacity of MBT garbage in order to solve the problem that the existing technology lacks measurement of the field water holding capacity of MBT garbage materials, so as to achieve the measurement of the field water holding capacity and changes of MBT garbage at different depths (pressures). Regularity, providing data support for leachate estimation and stability analysis of landfill sites.

The method for measuring the field water holding capacity of MBT garbage in the present invention adopts a device for measuring the field water holding capacity of MBT garbage, which includes a workbench, a sample bucket, a sample bucket turning mechanism, a fixed ladder block, a water outlet pipe, a water outlet collection bucket, a gland, a vertical The lever assembly, the pressurizing device and the water storage tank; the workbench is provided with a base placement groove, and the bottom of the base placement groove is open; the base is placed in the base placement groove; both sides of the base are welded with Two connecting shafts are coaxially arranged; the fixed ladder block is welded on the workbench, the two connecting shafts are arranged horizontally, and pass through a horizontal through hole opened by the fixed ladder block respectively; the sample barrel is turned over The mechanism includes a movable frame, gears, arc-shaped racks and springs; gears are fixed on the two connecting shafts; the two vertical rods at both ends of the movable frame and the two vertical slides provided by the fixed ladder block respectively form a sliding pair, and the moving The horizontal bar in the middle of the frame is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed ladder block through two vertical springs; a pressing block is fixed on the horizontal bar of the mobile frame; two arc-shaped racks are fixed on the two vertical bars of the mobile frame and The two gears mesh separately; the two connecting plates are fixed on both sides of the base, and the ends of the two connecting plates away from the connecting shaft are provided with horizontal pin holes one; the workbench is provided with pin holes two and are symmetrical with respect to the base placement groove Two support holes; both support holes are set coaxially with the connecting shaft; when the base is horizontal, pin hole one and pin hole two are set coaxially; pin hole two of the workbench is embedded with a latch; two rotating shafts It forms a rotating pair with the two supporting holes respectively, and the inner ends of the two rotating shafts are fixed to the two connecting plates respectively.

The bottom of the sample barrel is provided with an integrally formed convex ring, which is fixedly connected to the base through bolts; the length of the base placement groove is greater than the sum of the heights of the sample barrel and the base; one end of the outlet pipe It is connected to the water outlet at the top of the sample bucket, and the other end is connected to the water collection bucket through a hose; the water collection bucket is fixed on the workbench; both ends of the sample bucket are open, and a permeable layer is laid at the bottom of the bucket , the covering layer is arranged in the sample barrel, and the side part of the covering layer covers the water outlet of the sample barrel; the gland is arranged on the covering layer.

The vertical lever assembly includes a lever, a support rod and a force lever; the support rod is fixed vertically on the workbench, the middle part of the lever is hinged to the top of the support rod; the gland is hinged to one end of the lever, and the top of the force lever is hinged At the other end of the lever; the pressurizing device includes a balance bar, a hanger, a weight rack and a counterweight block; the top of the hanger is welded to the bottom of the workbench, and the middle part of the balance bar is hinged to the bottom of the hanger; the balance bar One end of the balance rod is hinged to the bottom end of the force rod, and the weight frame is hinged to the other end of the balance rod; the counterweight block is fixed to the end of the balance rod away from the weight frame.

The base is provided with a drainage outlet in the sample barrel. The top end of the drainage outlet is connected to the sample barrel, and the bottom end is connected to the first interface of the tee pipe; a valve is provided at the second interface of the tee pipe; The fixed column is fixed on the workbench through bolts, and the water tank is fixed on the top of the fixed column; the water outlet at the bottom of the water tank is connected to the third interface of the tee pipe through a pipeline, and a valve is provided on the pipe; the bottom of the water tank is high at the top of the sample bucket; the rack is L-shaped, and two sliding blocks are welded to the top of the rack, and the sliding blocks and the dovetail grooves opened on the bottom of the workbench form a sliding pair; the drainage bucket is placed on the rack superior.

The covering layer and the permeable layer are composed of filter paper and permeable stones. The permeable stones of the covering layer are arranged on the filter paper of the covering layer, and the permeable stones of the permeable layer are arranged below the filter paper of the permeable layer.

The MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method is as follows:

Divide the MBT garbage sample into several parts and perform steps one to six respectively. The initial mass M _sample of each part is in an arithmetic sequence.

Step 1: Place the permeable stone and filter paper of the permeable layer on the bottom of the sample bucket in sequence, then pour a crushed and evenly stirred MBT garbage sample into the sample bucket; then place the filter paper and permeable stone of the covering layer in sequence. Spread it on the MBT garbage sample. At this time, the permeable stone side of the covering layer completely covers the water outlet pipe.

Step 2: Record the quality of the water in the water storage tank, open the valve on the pipe, and fill the water in the water storage tank from the bottom of the sample bucket through the tee pipe until it is evenly discharged from the outlet pipe on the sample bucket. When there is water and no bubbles are generated, close the valve on the pipe and record the amount of water discharged from the outlet pipe after saturation.

Step 3: Record the mass of water remaining in the water storage tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated, and calculate the mass M of water left in the MBT garbage sample.

Step 4: Conduct six pressure tests with gradually increasing pressure on the saturated MBT garbage sample. The pressure test involves applying a weight so that the pressurizing device exerts pressure on the MBT garbage sample through the vertical lever and gland. The details are as follows: Place a weight on the weight frame so that the end of the balance rod close to the counterweight is tilted, causing the force rod to move upward, and the lever drives the gland to generate vertical downward pressure, which exerts a downward pressure on the MBT garbage sample. Squeeze to simulate the overlying soil pressure of the MBT garbage sample at different landfill depths; then open the valve at the second interface of the tee pipe to drain the second interface of the tee pipe until no water drips, and then Measure the drainage mass M ₂ collected in the drainage bucket; finally, based on the height from the top surface of the sample bucket to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the sample bucket minus the height from the top surface of the sample bucket to the MBT garbage sample, the pressurized sample is obtained height, combined with the bottom area of the inner cavity of the sample barrel, calculate the volume V ₁ of the sample in the field water-holding state.

Step 5: After six pressure tests, take out the MBT garbage sample; the specific process of taking out the MBT garbage sample is as follows: the sliding block slides along the dovetail groove to keep the frame away from the tee; pull out the latch, and repeatedly press upward and Release the pressing block so that the base gradually rotates to drive the top of the sample bucket downward; when pressing the pressing block upward, an upward force is exerted on the moving frame, and the spring is compressed, causing the arc-shaped rack fixed to the moving frame to move upward. Move and disengage from the gear. At this time, the base drives the sample bucket to rotate at an angle; when the pressing block is released, the pressing block resets the moving frame under the action of the spring recovery force, the arc-shaped rack engages with the gear again, and the base stops. Rotate; after the top of the sample bucket is in place, pour the MBT garbage sample out of the sample bucket, put it into the oven, and dry it to constant weight. Record the mass of the dried MBT garbage sample as M ₁ .

Step 6: Calculate the mass of the MBT garbage sample in the field water-holding state M ₀ =M _sample + MM ₂ , and then calculate the three field water-holding capacities as follows:

Dry weight water holding capacity:

Wet weight water holding capacity:

Volumetric water holding capacity:

Furthermore, the MBT garbage sample was divided into five parts, with the initial masses of each part being 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100 and 2400g respectively.

Furthermore, the mass of the water in the water tank before the valve on the pipe is opened is subtracted from the mass of the water remaining in the water tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated, and then the amount of water discharged from the outlet pipe is subtracted to obtain the water remaining in the MBT garbage sample. The quality of M.

Further, the six pressure levels are 25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400kPa respectively.

Further, set the oven temperature to 65°C.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention realizes measurement through the effects of compression and penetration. It uses a water storage tank to inject water into the sample bucket from the bottom of the sample bucket, and water is discharged from the top of the side wall of the sample bucket; it uses a vertical lever assembly and a pressurizing device. By changing the weight of the weight, the gland can produce different vertical pressures on the MBT garbage sample to simulate the overlying soil pressure of the sample at different landfill depths. The operation is simple, and the MBT garbage at different depths (pressures) can be measured. Field water capacity and changing patterns provide data support for leachate estimation and stability analysis in landfills.

2. The present invention is very convenient for pouring out MBT garbage from the sample bucket. You can pull out the latch from one side of the workbench, and then press the pressing block on the fixed ladder block to generate an upward force on the pressing block and push the MBT waste inside the fixed ladder block. Lift the mobile frame so that the arc-shaped rack at the bottom of the mobile frame is separated from the meshing gear, so that the connecting shaft fixed to the gear can drive the base and the sample bucket to rotate relative to the fixed ladder block; when you release your hand, the mobile frame Under the action of the restoring force of the spring, the arc-shaped rack and the gear are re-engaged, limiting the rotation of the connecting shaft, thereby preventing the base from rotating again; by pressing and adjusting multiple times, the sample barrel can rotate slowly to avoid rotating too fast and causing internal damage. The garbage is thrown out, which is not conducive to garbage collection.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the sample barrel and the internal assembly relationship of the sample barrel according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the base, the fixed ladder block and the sample bucket turning mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sample bucket turning mechanism in the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the frame and workbench of the present invention;

Figure 7 is an assembly perspective view of the vertical lever assembly and the pressing device of the present invention;

In the picture: 1. Workbench; 2. Base; 3. Sample bucket; 4. Gland; 5. Outlet pipe; 6. Base placement slot; 7. Water collection bucket; 8. Vertical lever assembly; 9 , Pressurizing device; 10. Latch, 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Water tank; 13. Weight holder; 14. Counterweight block; 15. Fixed ladder block, 16. Pressing block; 17. Connecting shaft; 18. Moving frame; 19. Gear; 20. Arc-shaped rack; 21. Spring; 22. Tee; 23. Frame; 24. Drainage barrel; 25. Covering layer; 26. Permeability layer; 27. Sliding block.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, the MBT garbage field water holding capacity measurement device includes a workbench 1, a sample bucket 3, a sample bucket turning mechanism, a fixed ladder block 15, an outlet pipe 5, an outlet water collection bucket 7, Gland 4, vertical lever assembly, pressurizing device 9 and water storage tank 12; the workbench 1 is provided with a base placement slot 6, the bottom of the base placement slot 6 is open; the base 2 is placed in the base placement slot 6 ; Two coaxially arranged connecting shafts 17 are welded on both sides of the base 2; the fixed ladder block 15 is welded on the workbench 1, and the two connecting shafts 17 are both horizontally arranged and pass through a horizontal opening of the fixed ladder block 15 respectively. Through holes; the sample bucket turning mechanism includes a moving frame 18, a gear 19, an arc rack 20 and a spring 21; gears 19 are fixed on the two connecting shafts 17; two vertical rods and fixed ladder blocks at both ends of the moving frame 18 The two vertical slides opened in 15 constitute sliding pairs respectively. The horizontal bar in the middle of the movable frame 18 is connected with the inner cavity of the fixed ladder block 15 through two vertically arranged springs 21; a pressing device is fixed on the horizontal bar of the movable frame 18. Block 16; two arc-shaped racks 20 fixed on the two vertical rods of the mobile frame 18 mesh with two gears 19 respectively; two connecting plates are fixed on both sides of the base 2, and the two connecting plates are away from the connecting shaft 17 One end of the workbench is provided with a horizontal pin hole 1; the workbench 1 is provided with a pin hole 2 and two support holes symmetrical with respect to the base mounting groove 6; both support holes are coaxially arranged with the connecting shaft 17; the base 2 is horizontal In the state, pin hole one and pin hole two are coaxially arranged; pin hole two of workbench 1 is embedded with latch 10; two rotating shafts 11 and two supporting holes respectively constitute a rotating pair, and the inner ends of the two rotating shafts 11 Separately fixed with two connecting plates.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the bottom of the sample barrel 3 is provided with an integrally formed convex ring, and the convex ring is fixedly connected to the base 2 through bolts; the base placement groove 6 is rectangular, and the length is longer than the length of the sample barrel 3 and the base 2. The sum of the heights of the base; the base 2 together with the sample bucket 3 can be flipped to the bottom of the workbench 1 through the base placement slot 6, thereby dumping MBT garbage; one end of the outlet pipe 5 is connected to the water outlet at the top of the sample bucket 3, The other end is connected to the water outlet collection bucket 7 through a hose; the water outlet collection bucket 7 is fixed on the workbench 1; when the sample bucket 3 is turned over, the hose can be pulled out from the water outlet collection bucket 7 to avoid pulling the hose. Both ends of the sample barrel 3 are open, and a permeable layer 26 is laid at the bottom of the barrel. MBT garbage is piled on the permeable layer 26, and a covering layer 25 is laid on the MBT garbage; the covering layer 25 is set in the sample barrel 3, and the covering layer 25 The side of the cover covers the water outlet of the sample barrel 3; the covering layer 25 and the permeable layer 26 are both composed of filter paper and permeable stone, and the permeable stone of the covering layer is arranged on the filter paper of the covering layer; the permeable stone of the permeable layer is arranged on the permeable layer 26 underneath the filter paper. The gland 4 is arranged on the cover layer 25 .

Permeable stone is a solid form of ecological permeable concrete. It is a mixed material composed of cement, water, and permeable concrete reinforcement mixed with high-quality aggregates of the same particle size or discontinuous gradation, and has a certain porosity. It can make the permeate pass through evenly; the filter paper is composed of cotton fiber to prevent some garbage with smaller particles from passing through; the MBT garbage can be well deposited in the sample bucket 3 through the covering layer 25 and the permeability layer 26, making it convenient to conduct experiments. .

As shown in Figure 7, the vertical lever assembly 8 includes a lever, a support rod and a force-exerting rod; the support rod is fixed vertically on the workbench 1, and the middle part of the lever is hinged with the top of the support rod; the gland 4 is hinged at one end of the lever to apply force. The top of the rod is hinged at the other end of the lever; the pressure device 9 includes a balance bar, a hanger, a weight frame 13 and a counterweight block 14; the top of the hanger is welded to the bottom of the workbench 1, and the middle part of the balance bar is hinged to the bottom of the hanger; balance One end of the rod is hinged to the bottom end of the force-applying rod, and the weight frame 13 is hinged to the other end of the balance rod; the counterweight block 14 is fixed on the end of the balance rod away from the weight frame 13.

The base 2 is provided with a drainage outlet in the position of the sample barrel 3. The top end of the drainage outlet is connected to the sample barrel 3, and the bottom end is connected to the first interface of the tee pipe 22; the second interface of the tee pipe 22 is provided with The valve plays a role in controlling opening and closing; the fixed column is fixed on the workbench 1 through bolts, and the water storage tank 12 is fixed on the top of the fixed column; the water outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank 12 and the third interface of the tee pipe 22 are connected through a pipeline The pipe is connected with a valve; the bottom end of the water storage tank 12 is higher than the top of the sample barrel 3, and water can be injected into the sample barrel 3 through the pressure difference. As shown in Figures 2 and 6, the frame 23 is L-shaped, and two sliding blocks 27 are welded to the top of the frame 23. The sliding blocks 27 and the dovetail grooves opened on the bottom of the workbench 1 form a sliding pair; the drainage bucket 24 Place on rack 23. When the base 2 and the sample bucket 3 are turned over, in order to prevent the tee pipe 22 from colliding with the drainage bucket 24, the sliding block 27 can be used to slide along the dovetail groove to move the frame 23 away from the tee pipe 22.

The measurement method of the MBT garbage field water holding capacity measuring device is as follows:

Divide the MBT garbage sample into several parts and perform steps 1 to 6 respectively. The initial mass M of each part is in an arithmetic sequence. In this embodiment, the MBT garbage _sample is divided into five parts, and the initial mass of each part is 1200. , 1500, 1800, 2100 and 2400g.

Step 1: Place the permeable stone and filter paper of the permeable layer 26 on the bottom of the sample bucket in sequence, then pour a broken and evenly stirred MBT garbage sample into the sample bucket 3; then put the filter paper of the covering layer 25 and The permeable stones are laid on the MBT garbage sample in turn, and it is ensured that the permeable stone side of the covering layer 25 completely covers the water outlet pipe 5 at this time.

Step 2: Record the mass of the water in the water storage tank 12 (converted by recording the volume of water in the water storage tank 12 multiplied by the density of the water), open the valve on the pipe, and the water in the water storage tank 12 passes through the tee pipe 22 Pour water into the sample barrel 3 from the bottom of the sample barrel 3 until the water outlet pipe 5 on the sample barrel 3 discharges water evenly and no bubbles are generated. At this time, the sample can be considered to be saturated, and the valve on the pipe is closed. Record the amount of water discharged from the outlet pipe 5 after saturation.

Step 3: Record the mass of water remaining in the water storage tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated, and calculate the mass M of water left in the MBT garbage sample (the mass of water in the water storage tank 12 before the valve on the pipe is opened minus the MBT The mass of water remaining in the water storage tank after the garbage sample is saturated is subtracted from the amount of water discharged from the outlet pipe 5 to obtain the mass M) of the water left in the MBT garbage sample.

Step 4: Conduct six pressure tests with gradually increasing pressure on the saturated MBT garbage sample. The six pressure levels in this embodiment are 25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400kPa respectively. The pressure test is to apply a weight so that the pressurizing device 9 exerts pressure on the MBT garbage sample through the vertical lever 8 and the gland 4. The details are as follows: Place the weight on the weight stand 13 so that the balance bar is close to the counterweight. The end of 14 is tilted, causing the force lever to move upward, and the lever drives the gland 4 to generate vertical downward pressure to squeeze the MBT garbage sample, thereby simulating the behavior of the MBT garbage sample at different landfill depths. Overlying soil pressure; then open the valve at the second interface of the tee pipe 22 to drain water from the second interface of the tee pipe 22 until no water drops fall, and then measure the drainage quality M ₂ collected in the drainage bucket 24; finally, according to The height from the top surface of the sample bucket 3 to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the sample bucket minus the height from the top surface of the sample bucket 3 to the MBT garbage sample is the height of the sample after pressurization, combined with the bottom area of the inner cavity of the sample bucket 3 , calculate the volume V ₁ of the sample under water-holding conditions in the field.

Step 5: After six pressure tests, take out the MBT garbage sample; the specific process of taking out the MBT garbage sample is as follows: the sliding block 27 slides along the dovetail groove, so that the frame 23 is away from the tee pipe 22; pull out the latch 10, Repeatedly press and release the pressing block 16 upward, so that the base 2 gradually rotates and drives the top of the sample barrel 3 downward; when pressing the pressing block 16 upward, an upward force is exerted on the moving frame 18, and the spring 21 is compressed, so that The arc-shaped rack 20 fixed to the moving frame 18 moves upward and disengages from the gear 19. At this time, the base drives the sample barrel 3 to rotate at an angle; when the pressing block 16 is released, the pressing block 16 is under the restoring force of the spring 21 The moving frame 18 is reset, the arc rack 20 is meshed with the gear 19 again, and the base 2 stops rotating; after the top of the sample bucket 3 is positioned downward, the MBT garbage sample is poured out from the sample bucket 3 and placed in the oven. , set the oven temperature to 65°C, dry to constant weight, and record the mass of the dried MBT garbage sample as M ₁ .

Step 6: Calculate the mass of the MBT garbage sample in the field water-holding state M ₀ =M _sample + MM ₂ , and then calculate the three field water-holding capacities as follows:

Dry weight water holding capacity:

Wet weight water holding capacity:

Volumetric water holding capacity:

This invention provides a reference for landfill leachate production prediction and safety and stability by studying the field water holding capacity characteristics of MBT garbage soil.

Claims (5)

1. The MBT garbage field water-holding capacity measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: MBT rubbish field water holding capacity survey device that adopts, including workstation, sample bucket tilting mechanism, fixed ladder piece, outlet pipe, play water collecting vessel, gland, vertical lever subassembly, supercharging device and water storage tank, its characterized in that: the workbench is provided with a base placement groove, and the bottom of the base placement groove is open; the base is arranged in the base arranging groove; two coaxially arranged connecting shafts are welded on two sides of the base; the fixed ladder block is welded on the workbench, and the two connecting shafts are horizontally arranged and respectively penetrate through a horizontal through hole formed in the fixed ladder block; the sample barrel overturning mechanism comprises a movable frame, a gear, an arc-shaped rack and a spring; gears are fixed on the two connecting shafts; two vertical rods at two ends of the movable frame and two vertical slide ways formed by the fixed ladder blocks respectively form sliding pairs, and a cross rod in the middle of the movable frame is connected with the inner cavity of the fixed ladder blocks through two springs which are vertically arranged; a pressing block is fixed on the cross rod of the movable frame; two arc racks fixed on two vertical rods of the movable frame are respectively meshed with two gears; the two connecting plates are fixed on two sides of the base, and one ends of the two connecting plates, which are far away from the connecting shaft, are provided with pin holes I which are horizontally arranged; the workbench is provided with a pin hole II and two supporting holes which are symmetrical with respect to the base mounting groove; the two supporting holes are coaxially arranged with the connecting shaft; the first pin hole and the second pin hole are coaxially arranged in the horizontal state of the base; a second pin hole of the workbench is internally embedded with a bolt; the two rotating shafts and the two supporting holes respectively form a revolute pair, and the inner ends of the two rotating shafts are respectively fixed with the two connecting plates;

   the bottom of the sample barrel is provided with an integrally formed convex ring, and the convex ring is fixedly connected to the base through a bolt; the length of the base placement groove is larger than the sum of the heights of the sample barrel and the base; one end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with a water outlet formed in the top of the sample barrel, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water outlet collecting barrel through a hose; the water outlet collecting barrel is fixed on the workbench; the two ends of the sample barrel are both arranged in an open mode, the bottom of the barrel is paved with a permeable layer, a covering layer is arranged in the sample barrel, and the side part of the covering layer covers the water outlet of the sample barrel; the gland is arranged on the cover layer;

   the vertical lever assembly comprises a lever, a supporting rod and a force application rod; the supporting rod is vertically fixed on the workbench, and the middle part of the lever is hinged with the top end of the supporting rod; the gland is hinged at one end of the lever, and the top end of the force application rod is hinged at the other end of the lever; the pressurizing device comprises a balance rod, a hanging bracket, a weight rack and a balancing weight; the top end of the hanging bracket is welded on the bottom surface of the workbench, and the middle part of the balance rod is hinged at the bottom end of the hanging bracket; one end of the balance rod is hinged with the bottom end of the force application rod, and the weight frame is hinged with the other end of the balance rod; the balancing weight is fixed at one end of the balancing rod far away from the weight frame;

   a water outlet is formed in the position of the base in the sample barrel, the top end of the water outlet is communicated with the sample barrel, and the bottom end of the water outlet is communicated with a first connector of the three-way pipe; a valve is arranged at the second interface of the three-way pipe; the fixed column is fixed on the workbench through a bolt, and the water storage tank is fixed at the top end of the fixed column; the water outlet at the bottom end of the water storage tank is connected with a third joint of the three-way pipe through a pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the pipeline; the bottom end of the water storage tank is higher than the top end of the sample barrel; the lapping frame is L-shaped, two sliding blocks are welded at the top end of the lapping frame, and the sliding blocks and a dovetail groove formed in the bottom surface of the workbench form a sliding pair; the drainage barrel is arranged on the lapping frame;

   the covering layer and the permeable layer are both composed of filter paper and permeable stone, the permeable stone of the covering layer is arranged on the filter paper of the covering layer, and the permeable stone of the permeable layer is arranged below the filter paper of the permeable layer;

   the method comprises the following steps: dividing the MBT garbage sample into a plurality of parts, and respectively executing the steps one to six, wherein the initial mass M of each part is equal to the mass M of the other part _{Sample preparation} An arithmetic progression is presented;

   step one: sequentially paving permeable stone and filter paper of the permeable layer on the bottom of a sample barrel, and then pouring a part of crushed and uniformly stirred MBT garbage sample into the sample barrel; then sequentially paving the filter paper and the permeable stone of the covering layer on the MBT garbage sample, wherein the permeable Dan Cebu of the covering layer completely covers the water outlet pipe;

   step two: recording the quality of water in a water storage tank, opening a valve on a pipeline, injecting water into the sample barrel from the bottom of the sample barrel through a three-way pipe until a water outlet pipe on the sample barrel uniformly discharges water, closing the valve on the pipeline when no bubbles are generated, and recording the water quantity discharged from the water outlet pipe after saturation;

   step three: recording the mass of the residual water in the water storage tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated, and calculating to obtain the mass M of the water left in the MBT garbage sample;

   step four: carrying out six-time pressure step-by-step pressure test on the saturated MBT garbage sample, wherein the pressure test is to apply weights, so that the pressurizing device applies pressure to the MBT garbage sample through a vertical lever and a gland, and the method is as follows: placing weights on the weight rack, and leaning the balance rodThe end close to the balancing weight is tilted, so that the force application rod moves upwards, the lever drives the gland to generate vertical downward pressure, and the MBT garbage sample is extruded, so that the upper soil covering pressure of the MBT garbage sample at different landfill depths is simulated; then opening a valve at the second joint of the three-way pipe to drain the water until no water drops, and measuring the drainage quality M collected in the drainage bucket ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Finally, subtracting the height from the top surface of the sample barrel to the MBT garbage sample from the height from the top surface of the sample barrel to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the sample barrel to obtain the height of the pressurized sample, and calculating the volume V of the sample in a field water holding state by combining the bottom area of the inner cavity of the sample barrel ₁ ；

   Step five: taking out the MBT garbage sample after six pressure tests; the MBT garbage sample taking-out process specifically comprises the following steps: the sliding block slides along the dovetail groove, so that the lapping frame is far away from the three-way pipe; pulling out the plug pin, repeatedly pressing and loosening the pressing block upwards, so that the base gradually rotates to drive the top end of the sample barrel downwards; when the pressing block is pressed upwards, an upward force is applied to the movable frame, the spring is compressed, so that the arc-shaped rack fixed with the movable frame moves upwards and is separated from the gear, and the base drives the sample barrel to rotate by an angle; when the pressing block is loosened, the pressing block enables the movable frame to reset under the action of restoring force of the spring, the arc-shaped rack is meshed with the gear again, and the base stops rotating; after the top end of the sample barrel is downward in place, the MBT garbage sample is poured out of the sample barrel and put into a baking oven, the sample barrel is dried to constant weight, and the mass of the dried MBT garbage sample is recorded as M ₁ ；

   Step six: calculating mass M of MBT garbage sample under field water-holding state ₀ ＝M _{Sample preparation} +M-M ₂ The three field capacities were then calculated as follows:

   dry weight water holding capacity:

   wet weight water holding capacity:

   volume water holding capacity:
2. 2. the MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: MBT garbage samples were divided into five parts, each with initial mass of 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100 and 2400g, respectively.
3. 3. The MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: and subtracting the mass of the water in the water storage tank after the MBT garbage sample is saturated from the mass of the water in the water storage tank before the valve on the pipeline is opened, and subtracting the water amount discharged from the water outlet pipe to obtain the mass M of the water left in the MBT garbage sample.
4. 4. The MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: the six pressure levels were 25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400kPa, respectively.
5. 5. The MBT waste field water holding capacity measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: the oven temperature was set to 65 ℃.