Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laboratory testing device suitable for acoustic wave tide measuring instrument, which can be with
The initial data under different wave conditions is simulated, by the comparison of the analogue value and measured value, can be realized in laboratory conditions
The testing goal of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument saves a large amount of manpower and material resources without going to outfield to compare test.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of reality suitable for acoustic wave tide measuring instrument
Room detection device, including test water tank, fixed bracket, acoustic transducer battle array, signal acquisition process case and control system are tested, it is described
Acoustic transducer battle array is mounted on support bracket fastened inside top;The fixed bracket is placed in test water tank;The acoustics changes
Energy device battle array is connect by cable with signal acquisition process case, and the signal acquisition process case is connected by data line and control system
It connects.
Further, the acoustic transducer battle array is closed the acoustic transducer set by four transmitting-receivings and is formed, one of sound
Energy converter is centrally located, other three equidistantly distributeds are in periphery.
Further, the signal acquisition process case includes transmission circuit plate and signal control panel, and transmission circuit plate is used
In the transmitting and reception of realizing four transducer signals, signal control panel controls acoustic transducer emission mode and reception pattern
Switching.
Further, the control system for control detection device starting/stopping and testing conditions, detection time,
The setting of wave height, wave period, wave direction value in testing conditions.
Further, the control system includes simulation model, wave height, wave period, wave direction in the testing conditions
Value is configured according to simulation model.
Further, the control system includes performance evaluation module, and the performance evaluation module is used for acoustic wave
The measured value of damp measuring instrument is compared with simulation value, so that whether evaluate measurement data accurate.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of laboratory testing method of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument,
The following steps are included:
(1) it will test placement to be placed on above acoustic wave tide instrument to be detected, the two be placed in test water tank, guarantee acoustics
The acoustic transducer battle array of wave tide instrument and detection device is in the water surface or less;
(2) measurement period is 2s, and in a measurement period, acoustic wave tide instrument measuring instrument is first in emission mode, inspection
Survey device in a receive mode, acoustic wave tide measuring instrument first emits signal, and detection device is received from acoustic wave tide measuring instrument
Emit signal;After detection device receives, acoustic wave tide measuring instrument switchs to reception pattern, and detection device switchs to emission mode,
Echo simulation model is chosen in detection device, analogue echo simultaneously emits;Acoustic wave tide instrument measuring instrument, which receives, carrys out self-test device
Emit signal, calculates real-time wave height value;The next period repeats the above process;
(3) time of measuring is accumulative often expires a hour, calculates a wave directional spectrum and wave characteristics;
(4) the calculated wave directional spectrum of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument and wave characteristics are compared with simulation model,
The average calculation error, according to mean error compared with accuracy of measurement, whether assessment measured value of parameters is accurate.
Laboratory testing device and method for acoustic wave tide measuring instrument of the invention, can detect acoustics in laboratory
The performance of wave tide instrument, the apparatus structure is simple, and accuracy is high, can meet the laboratory wave testing requirements of sonic wave gauge, exempt from
The process for going basin test and field trial has saved a large amount of man power and material.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to the laboratory testing device suitable for acoustic wave tide measuring instrument of the invention and
Method does further details of illustration and description.
As shown in Figure 1, the laboratory testing device suitable for acoustic wave tide measuring instrument of the invention, mainly by test water tank
1, fixed bracket 2, acoustic transducer battle array 4, signal acquisition process case 6 and host computer computer 7 form.Acoustic transducer battle array 4 is installed
In the inside top of fixed bracket 2.Fixed bracket 2 is made of stainless steel material.Acoustic transducer battle array 4 passes through cable 5 and letter
Number acquisition process case 6 connects, and signal acquisition process case 6 is connect by data line with host computer computer 7.
The acoustic transducer battle array 4 of detection device is closed the acoustic transducer set by four transmitting-receivings and is formed, the work frequency of energy converter
Rate and the transducer array working frequency of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument are consistent, and can receive the sound wave letter of acoustic wave tide instrument transmitting
Number, at the same detection device can according to the simulation model analog echo signal established in advance, and by signal acquisition process case 6 to
Acoustic wave tide measuring instrument launching simulation echo-signal.
It is mainly two pieces of circuit boards inside signal acquisition process case 6, includes transmission circuit plate and signal control panel, transmitting-receiving electricity
The function of road plate is to realize the transmitting signal of four acoustic transducers and receive signal, and signal control panel controls at acoustic transducer
In emission mode or reception pattern.
Detection system 8, control system 9 and performance evaluation module 10 are installed in host computer computer 7.Wherein, detection system 8
It is connect with acoustic wave tide measuring instrument, which controls acoustic wave tide measuring instrument real-time measurement wave height, wave period and wave direction
Value.Control system 9 is connect with detection device of the invention, and for controlling detection device starting/stopping, testing conditions are arranged, if
Set detection time.Echo simulation model is stored in control system 9, the model be used to be arranged the wave height of simulated waves, wave period,
Wave direction value.The data that performance evaluation module 10 is used to will test the detection of system 8 are compared with the simulation value in control system 9,
Evaluate the accuracy of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument detection data.
The laboratory testing method of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument of the invention, process is as shown in Fig. 2, specific step is as follows retouches
It states:
One, experimental enviroment is built
It is attached and lays according to Fig. 1, detection of the invention is placed on above acoustic wave tide measuring instrument to be detected,
The two is placed in test water tank 1, the transducer array part of guarantee acoustic wave tide measuring instrument and detection device is all below the water surface.
Acoustic wave tide measuring instrument underwater host is connected with the detection system 8 installed in host computer computer 7;The transducer array of detection device with
Land signal acquisition process case 6 is connected, and signal acquisition process case 6 is connected with the control system 9 installed in host computer computer 7.
In the detection process, 4 cloth of acoustic transducer battle array that will test device is placed on the acoustic transducer of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument
Right above device 3, it is fixedly connected between the two by the guarantee of special buckle, there is the gap of 1cm therebetween, reduce acoustic transducer
Vibrate the influence for receiving signal.
Two, detection process
Acoustic wave tide measuring instrument: measurement period is 2s, and within the scope of a measurement period, acoustic wave tide measuring instrument is sent out first
Signal is penetrated, the pulsewidth for emitting signal is T0;After the completion of signal transmitting, acoustic wave tide measuring instrument switchs to receive signal, and reception comes from
The echo-signal of water body, by realizing wave measurement function for receiving signal analysis.
Detection device: measurement period is similarly 2s.In a measurement period, detection device is first in reception pattern,
The transmitting signal from acoustic wave tide measuring instrument is received, after having received the signal of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument, detection device is in
The transmitting signal form of emission mode, detection device is selected according to echo simulation model, and echo simulation model is stored in
In the control system installed on the electromechanical brain in position, it can need to be configured according to simulated conditions.
After next measurement period starts, acoustic wave tide measuring instrument and detection device repeat above-mentioned reception respectively and emitted
The timing switching of journey, the two is as shown in Figure 3.
1, acoustic wave tide instrument emits signal
In the detection process, acoustic wave tide measuring instrument emits signal, four acoustic transducers of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument first
The transmitting signal of device is consistent, emit the pulse amplitude y0 of signal be it is fixed, emit signal pulse width be T0.I=
1,2,3,4 represents four acoustic transducers, and N represents sampling number, T0Represent pulsewidth.
2, detection device receives signal
Detection device receives the transmitting signal of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument, specified when being greater than using threshold value demodulation method detection
Threshold value, threshold value are slightly less than the transmitting signal amplitude y0 of acoustic wave tide instrument, and setting threshold value is 0.8*y0.
When receiving signal amplitude and being greater than threshold value, it is believed that the transmitting signal for initially receiving acoustic wave tide measuring instrument, when connecing
When receiving signal amplitude less than threshold value, it is believed that complete to receive the transmitting signal of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument.After detection device finishes receiving
Switch to emit signal mode, the transmitting signal of detection device is configured according to echo signal model.
3, Simulation of Echo Signal model
Detection device simulates the echo-signal under full-scale condition, according to Building of Simulation Model echo model.Assuming that wave is former
Beginning data and curves are f (n), n=1, and 2L N, N represent sampling number.Wave initial data f (n) derives from the wave under full-scale condition
Wave acquisition data, have true representations meaning.
Four acoustic transducers measure the wave information at spatially four different locations, and wave reaches prolonging for different measuring points
Shi Huiyou is different, it is assumed that delay is respectively N1,N2,N3,N4, the echo B of detection devicei(n) i=1,2,3,4 represents four waves
Beam.
Bi(n)=f (n+Ni), n=1,2L N.
(1) coordinate system as shown in Figure 4 is established, X-direction is directed toward measuring point 4 by measuring point 3, and Y direction is directed toward by measuring point 1 and is surveyed
Point 2;Acoustic wave tide instrument is provided with three-dimensional attitude sensor, when test lays acoustic wave tide instrument, adjusts the cloth of acoustic wave tide instrument
Posture is put, so that instrument coordinates Y-axis is consistent with north orientation.
Data assume 0 degree of wave wave direction, and wave delay inequality between 1 and 2 is M measuring point, according to measuring point array format, 1
And 3,4 delay inequality between measuring point is M/2 measuring point (M is even number).Multiple spot wave height measuring point array measurement wave direction, it is desirable that any two
Between measuring point, the wavelength of wave surveyed less than 1/2, the selection of M value needs to meet above-mentioned requirements.Corresponding echo model is as follows,
Shown in Fig. 5:
(2) assume that wave wave direction is 90 degree
Assuming that the delay between 3 and 1,2 measuring points is M, corresponding echo model when the delay between 1,2 and 4 measuring points is M
It is as follows, shown in Fig. 6:
(3) assume that wave wave direction is 180 degree
Assuming that the delay between 3 and 1,2 measuring points is M, corresponding echo model when the delay between 1,2 and 4 measuring points is M
It is as follows:
(4) assume that wave wave direction is 270 degree.
Assuming that the delay between 3 and 1,2 measuring points is M, corresponding echo model when the delay between 1,2 and 4 measuring points is M
It is as follows:
4, detection device emits signal
The transmitting signal of detecting instrument is square-wave signal, and the amplitude for emitting signal is variation, and amplitude is needed according to emulation
Model is configured.I=1,2,3,4 represent four wave beams, and N represents sampling number, T0Represent pulsewidth;
5, the reception signal of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument
Acoustic wave tide instrument receives the transmitting signal for carrying out self-test device, specified when being greater than using threshold value demodulation method detection
Threshold value, it is believed that measurement obtains actual signal, and calculates wave height value, it is desirable that threshold value is less than the minimum value of reception device transmitting signal.
6, wave directional spectrum calculates
Acoustic wave tide instrument rises and falls in the wave height of four different locations of measurement, calculates the wave height value at four different locations first
Cross-spectrum, then using cross-spectrum calculate directional spectrum.
The wave height sequence of four energy converters of acoustic wave tide instrument, the acquisition of four wave beams is respectively as follows: η1(n),η2(n),η3(n),η4
(n), n=1,2L N, N represent data amount check;Data are divided into stem portion if calculating and realizing in cross-spectrum, allow a part weight
Folded, the Welch of use weights the overlapping method of average, and this method can make cross-spectrum accuracy of estimation higher.
When calculating crosspower spectrum, calculating η first1(n),η2(n),η3(n),η4(n), n=1,2L N cross-correlation matrix,
Then cross-power matrix is calculated by cross-correlation matrix.
η1(n),η2(n) crosspower spectrum calculates cross-correlation R first12: E represents mathematic expectaion, and * represents conjugation:
The cross correlation value between different measuring points is calculated, cross-correlation matrix is obtained are as follows:
Pass through cross-correlation R12, calculate crosspower spectrumω is circular frequency:
The π of ω=2 f
Calculate the crosspower spectrum between different different measuring points, crosspower spectrum matrix are as follows:
The calculation method of wave directional spectrum uses maximum likelihood algorithm (MLM), calculates as follows:
S (f, θ) represents Directional Spectrum of Wind Wave.F, θ respectively represent frequency and direction.Subscript H represents conjugate transposition,To represent
Cross-spectrum matrix represents the cross-spectrum between different measuring points 1,2,3,4, and G is transfer function matrix, and the transmission function of wave height is 1.
G=[1 11 1].
7, the calculation method of wave characteristics
During wave calculates, the wave characteristics of calculating in each hour, common wave characteristics include: maximum
Wave height and corresponding period, 1/10 wave height and corresponding period, 1/3 wave height and corresponding period, mean wave height and corresponding period, main wave
To.After the original Wave Data for sampling every group of data, every group of data correspond to a hour, and feature value calculating method is as follows:
By wave height according to being ranked up from big to small, wave period correspondence is ranked up.
Maximum wave height: maximum wave height after sequence.
Maximum wave height corresponds to the period: the corresponding wave period of maximum wave height.
1/10 wave height: after wave height sequence, preceding 1/10 wave height is chosen, calculates wave height average value.
1/10 wave period: after wave height sequence, the preceding 1/0 wave height corresponding period is chosen, wave period average value is calculated.
1/3 wave height: after wave height sequence, preceding 1/3 wave height is chosen, calculates wave height average value.
1/3 wave period: after wave height claps news, the preceding 1/3 wave height corresponding period is chosen, wave period average value is calculated.
Mean wave height: all wave height calculate average value.
Average wave period: all wave periods calculate average value.
Main wave is to calculation method: the corresponding direction of all maximum values in two-dimensional directional spectrum.
8, data assay
Detection device can simulate the echo-signal under full-scale condition, in the detection process may be used according to echo simulation model
The wave initial data for simulating multiple hours as needed simulates each hour with different wave height, wave period and wave direction value.
In the detection process, by the measurement of acoustic wave tide measuring instrument, the measured value of wave height, wave period and wave direction is obtained.
Calculate the mean error of measured value and simulation value.When the mean error of parameter is less than the accuracy of measurement of parameter, it is believed that parameter
Measured value is accurate.The accuracy of measurement of each parameter is as shown in table 1.
The key technical indexes of 1 acoustic wave tide measuring instrument of table