CN110242716B

CN110242716B - Screw drive

Info

Publication number: CN110242716B
Application number: CN201910372004.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张康东; 楼鑫鑫
Original assignee: Zhejiang Machinery Of Pheako Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Machinery Of Pheako Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-06
Filing date: 2019-05-06
Publication date: 2022-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-06
Also published as: CN110242716A

Abstract

The screw rod transmission device comprises a screw rod main body, a nut, an oil supply module and a control and driving part, wherein the screw rod main body is provided with a screw rod inner hole, a screw rod outer thread and an oil outlet hole; the outer surface of the lead screw main body is provided with a lead screw external thread; the nut is arranged on the screw rod main body, and an inner hole of the nut is provided with an inner nut thread; the nut internal thread is connected with the screw rod external thread in a rotating matching manner, and the screw rod main body drives the nut internal thread through the screw rod external thread when rotating so as to drive the nut to do reciprocating linear motion in the axial direction of the screw rod main body; the control and drive part controls the oil supply module to supply lubricating oil to the inner hole of the screw rod. The structure introduces the static pressure lubrication technology into the screw lubrication, improves the lubrication performance of the screw, reduces the abrasion between the screw and the nut, simplifies the structure of the nut, and reduces the pollution to the environment caused by the leakage of lubricating oil.

Description

Screw drive

Technical Field

The invention relates to a lead screw transmission device, in particular to a lead screw structure with an oil film lubricating device, and belongs to the field of lead screw transmission.

Background

The lead screw is an ideal product for converting rotary motion into linear motion or converting linear motion into rotary motion, the history that people apply the lead screw to drive is really not very long, and the traditional lead screw has the problems of poor positioning and easy damage due to the lubrication. Until 1898, people try to place steel balls between a nut and a screw rod for the first time to replace sliding friction by rolling friction to improve the conditions of poor positioning and easy damage of the steel balls, and ball screws are generally adopted in the industrial field from now on, but a series of problems also occur along with the steel balls, for example, the structure of a ball circulation system is complex, the requirement of the ball circulation system on the working environment is high, external dust cannot be effectively isolated in a high-dust environment, so that dust enters the nut, the running is not smooth after long-time use, and even the ball backflow system is blocked. For example, when the lead screw bears load, friction force is generated certainly, and when a roller lead screw adopts a general mode of smearing a lubricant, the condition of insufficient lubrication can occur, heat generated by friction cannot be effectively removed, the lubricant cannot perform normal functions, and the thread surface of the lead screw is overheated to be yellowish brown. And for example, the ball bearing bears excessive load to cause unsmooth reflow of the steel ball, so that the bearing force of the thread surface is concentrated together, and after the bearing force of the ball bearing exceeds the load bearing range of the screw rod, the surface is finally cracked, and further the crack is generated.

Because the ball screw in the prior art has the problems, engineers improve the traditional trapezoidal screw or the ball screw, invent a static pressure screw, and inject lubricating oil with pressure into the contact surface between a nut and the screw, so as to form a layer of oil film with pressure between threads or between the threads and balls, so as to realize stable lubrication under high-speed operation, for example, the disclosure number is as follows: the patent documents CN105822739A, CN103671789A and CN203002768U adopt a static pressure lubricating oil injection device on the nut, but this device connects the lubricating oil injection device and the reciprocating nut together, which makes the nut volume and structure complicated, and the oil supply to the moving nut is unstable, and the oil supply pipeline is easy to generate mechanical fatigue. Also disclosed are: in EP2679866a1 and JP 2003-194180A, oil is supplied to the screw shaft for lubrication, but in this way, the oil outlets are all over the surface of the screw shaft, and at the same time, oil is supplied to these oil outlets, so that pressure oil supply cannot be used, and only ordinary lubrication can be used, and static pressure cannot be formed.

Disclosure of Invention

To the problem that the background art appears, designed screw drive structure, include, lead screw main part, nut, fuel feeding module and control and drive part, its characterized in that: the screw body is provided with a screw inner hole, a screw outer thread and an oil outlet; the outer surface of the lead screw main body 1 is provided with a lead screw external thread; the nut is arranged on the lead screw main body, and an inner hole of the nut is provided with a nut inner thread; the nut internal thread is connected with the screw rod external thread in a rotating matching mode, and when the screw rod main body rotates, the nut internal thread is driven through the screw rod external thread so as to drive the nut to do reciprocating linear motion in the axial direction of the screw rod main body; the control and driving part controls the oil supply module to supply lubricating oil to the inner hole of the screw rod.

Furthermore, the inner hole of the screw rod is a cylindrical hole which penetrates through the whole screw rod main body along the axial direction of the screw rod main body; the lead screw main part evenly seted up on the tooth bottom of lead screw external screw thread the oil outlet, the oil outlet with lead screw hole intercommunication.

Further, still including installing removal oil supply unit in the lead screw hole, remove oil supply unit and include: a front movable stop block, a movable synchronous frame, a rear movable stop block and a flange; the front movable stop block and the rear movable stop block are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the movable oil supply device, are of flat cylindrical structures, and have the diameter approximately equal to that of the inner hole of the screw rod; the front moving block and the rear moving block are connected together through the moving synchronization frame, the rear portion of the rear moving block has the cylindrical flange, and the diameter of the cylindrical flange is smaller than that of the rear moving block; .

The inner hole of the screw rod is also provided with a telescopic sleeve, one end of the telescopic sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the cylindrical flange, and the other end of the telescopic sleeve extends out of the inner hole of the screw rod and is fixedly connected with an oil outlet port of the external oil supply module; the rear movable stop block is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the rear movable stop block and the flange and is communicated with the telescopic sleeve.

Further, the inner surface of the inner hole of the screw rod is provided with screw rod internal threads; the periphery of the front movable stop block is provided with a front movable stop block external thread; the periphery of the rear movable stop block is provided with a rear movable stop block external thread; the external threads of the front movable stop block and the external threads of the rear movable stop block are in rotating fit connection with the internal threads of the screw rod; the thread pitches and the turning directions of the external threads of the screw rod and the internal threads of the screw rod are the same, and the nut and the movable oil supply device can be ensured to move at the same speed and direction when the screw rod main body rotates; the front movable stop external thread and the rear movable stop external thread can also play a role in sealing, and pressure oil in the movable oil supply device is prevented from leaking.

Furthermore, magnetic end covers are arranged at two ends of the nut, and the magnetic end covers can be made of materials such as ferrite, iron-chromium-cobalt, rubidium-iron-boron and the like, and can also be made of electromagnetic devices.

Furthermore, the front movable stop block and the rear movable stop block are both magnetic, the polarity is set to be mutually attracted by the magnetic end cover at one end of the nut corresponding to the front movable stop block and the magnetic end cover at the other end of the nut corresponding to the rear movable stop block; the distance between the two magnetic end covers is about more than or equal to the distance between the front movable stop block and the rear movable stop block; the front and back moving stop block can be made of materials such as ferrite, iron-chromium-cobalt, rubidium-iron-boron and the like, and can also be made of an electromagnetic device, and a circle of oil sealing ring is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the moving stop block.

Further, the oil supply module comprises an oil pump, an oil pool, an oil supply pipeline and an electromagnetic valve; the oil pump passes through supply oil pipe connects the oil bath, the oil pump passes through supply oil pipe connects the solenoid valve, the port of producing oil of solenoid valve with telescopic tube connects.

Furthermore, the control and drive part is an integrated control box and a motor, the power of the motor is output to the speed reducer, the speed reducer drives the screw rod main body to rotate through the transmission system, and bearings are arranged at two ends of the screw rod main body.

Furthermore, the telescopic sleeve is a telescopic corrugated pipe with high torsional rigidity.

Furthermore, the integrated control box provides power for the motor, the oil pump and the electromagnetic valve and controls the working state of the equipment through the control line, and if the magnetic end cover and the front-back moving stop block adopt electromagnetic devices, the integrated control box can also control the electromagnetic devices.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a novel lead screw structure is designed, a static pressure lubrication technology is introduced into lead screw lubrication, the lubrication performance of the lead screw is improved, abrasion between the lead screw and a nut is reduced, the structure of the nut is simplified, and meanwhile, the pollution to the environment caused by leakage of lubricating oil is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall structure of a lead screw according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main structure of a lead screw driving apparatus according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the main structure of a screw drive in another embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a mobile oil supply within the lead screw drive in one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a mobile oil supply unit in a screw drive according to another embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the screw drive in one embodiment with oil supply;

fig. 7 is a sectional view of a main structure in an oil supply state in a screw drive device in another embodiment.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a lead screw body; 1-1, inner holes of the screw rods; 1-1-1, screw thread in the screw; 1-2, external threads of a screw rod; 1-3, oil outlet holes; 2. a nut; 2-1, nut internal threads; 2-2, magnetic end covers; 3. a mobile oil supply device; 3-1, a front movable stop block; 3-1-1, external threads of the front movable stop block; 3-2, moving the synchronous frame; 3-3, a rear movable stop block; 3-3-1, through holes; 3-3-2, flanges; 3-3-3, external threads of the rear movable stop block; 4. a telescopic sleeve; 5. an oil supply module; 5-1, an oil pump; 5-2, an oil pool; 5-3, an oil supply pipeline; 5-4, an electromagnetic valve; 6. an integrated control box; 7. an electric motor; 7-1, a speed reducer; 7-2, a transmission system; 8. and a bearing. .

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 4 and 6, the screw transmission device is composed of a screw body 1, a nut 2, a movable oil supply device 3, an oil supply module 5 and a control and driving part.

The lead screw comprises a lead screw body 1, wherein the lead screw body 1 is provided with a lead screw inner hole 1-1, a lead screw inner thread 1-1, a lead screw outer thread 1-2 and an oil outlet 1-3; the lead screw inner hole 1-1 is a cylindrical hole penetrating through the whole lead screw main body 1 along the axis direction of the lead screw main body 1, the outer surface of the lead screw main body 1 is provided with lead screw outer threads 1-2, the surface of the lead screw inner hole 1-1 is provided with lead screw inner threads 1-1-1, the thread pitches and the rotating directions of the lead screw outer threads 1-2 and the lead screw inner threads 1-1 are the same so as to ensure the synchronism of internal and external driving, oil outlet holes 1-3 are uniformly formed in the tooth bottom of the lead screw outer threads 1-2 of the lead screw main body 1, and the oil outlet holes 1-3 are communicated with the lead screw inner hole 1-1.

The nut 2 is installed on the lead screw main body 1, the nut inner thread 2-1 is formed in an inner hole of the nut 2, the nut inner thread 2-1 is connected with the lead screw outer thread 1-2 in a rotating matching mode, and when the lead screw main body 1 rotates, the nut inner thread 2-1 is driven through the lead screw outer thread 1-2 to drive the nut 2 to do linear reciprocating motion within the length range of the lead screw outer thread 1-2 in the axial direction of the lead screw main body 1. Both ends of the nut 2 may be provided with end caps for preventing leakage of the lubricating oil with static pressure.

Remove oil supply unit 3, remove oil supply unit 3 and include: a front movable stop 3-1, a front movable stop external thread 3-1-1, a movable synchronous frame 3-2, a rear movable stop 3-3, a through hole 3-3-1, a flange 3-3-2 and a rear movable stop external thread 3-3-3; the front movable stop 3-1 and the rear movable stop 3-3 are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the movable oil supply device 3, are of flat cylindrical structures, and have the diameter approximately equal to that of the inner hole 1-1 of the screw rod; the front movable stop 3-1 is connected with the rear movable stop 3-3 through a movable synchronous frame 3-2, and the movable synchronous frame 3-2 can be a plurality of rod-shaped connecting devices; the rear part of the rear movable stop block 3-3 is provided with a cylindrical flange 3-3-2, the diameter of the cylindrical flange 3-3-2 is smaller than that of the rear movable stop block 3-3, one end of a telescopic sleeve 4 is fixedly sleeved on the cylindrical flange 3-3-2, the other end of the telescopic sleeve 4 extends out of an inner hole 1-1 of the screw rod and is fixedly connected with an oil outlet port of an external electromagnetic valve 5-4, and the telescopic sleeve 4 can be a telescopic corrugated pipe with high torsional rigidity; a through hole 3-3-1 is arranged on the rear movable stop 3-3, and the through hole 3-3-1 penetrates through the rear movable stop 3-3 and the flange 3-3-2 and is communicated with the telescopic sleeve 4; the periphery of the front movable stop block 3-1 is provided with a front movable stop block external thread 3-1-1, the periphery of the rear movable stop block 3-3 is provided with a rear movable stop block external thread 3-3-3, and the front movable stop block external thread 3-1-1 and the rear movable stop block external thread 3-3-3 are both in rotating fit connection with the screw rod internal thread 1-1-1; because the thread pitch and the screwing direction of the external thread 1-2 of the screw rod and the internal thread 1-1-1 of the screw rod are the same, when the screw rod main body 1 rotates, the nut 2 and the movable oil supply device 3 can be ensured to move at the same speed and direction, and meanwhile, the external thread 3-1-1 of the front movable stop block and the external thread 3-3-3 of the rear movable stop block can also play a role in sealing, so that pressure oil in the movable oil supply device 3 is prevented from leaking.

The oil supply module 5 comprises an oil pump 5-1, an oil pool 5-2, an oil supply pipeline 5-3 and an electromagnetic valve 5-4; the oil pump 5-1 is connected with the oil pool 5-2 through an oil supply pipeline 5-3, the oil pump 5-1 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 5-4 through the oil supply pipeline 5-3, and lubricating oil in the oil pool is supplied into the telescopic sleeve 4 through the oil pump 5-1 and the oil supply pipeline 5-3 and the electromagnetic valve 5-4.

The integrated control box 6 and the motor 7 are integrated, the power of the motor 7 is output to the speed reducer 7-1, the screw main body 1 is driven to rotate through the transmission system 7-2 after passing through the speed reducer 7-1, and bearings 8 are arranged at two ends of the screw main body 1. The integrated control box 6 supplies power to the motor 7, the oil pump 5-1 and the solenoid valve 5-4 and controls the operation state of the above devices through a control line.

The working principle is as follows:

when the integrated control box 6 starts to work, the motor is controlled to be started by the integrated control box 6, the screw rod main body 1 is driven to rotate by power through the speed reducer 7-1 and the transmission system 7-2, the nut 2 is driven to move under the action that the nut internal thread 2-1 is driven by the screw rod external thread 1-2, meanwhile, the movable oil supply device 3 in the screw rod inner hole 1-1 enables the movable oil supply device 3 to move in the screw rod inner hole 1-1 under the combined action that the screw rod internal thread 1-1 is matched with the front movable stop block external thread 3-1 and the rear movable stop block external thread 3-3-3, and the telescopic sleeve 4 is matched to prevent the circumferential rotation of the movable oil supply device 3, because the screw pitch and the rotation direction of the screw rod external thread 1-2 and the screw rod internal thread 1-1-1 are the same, therefore, when the screw rod main body 1 rotates, the nut 2 and the movable oil supply device 3 can be ensured to move at the same speed and direction, and the nut 2 and the movable oil supply device 3 are in a relative static state.

When the motor 7 is started, the integrated control box 6 also controls the oil pump 5-1 to be started, the electromagnetic valve 5-4 is opened, lubricating oil in an oil pool is supplied into the telescopic sleeve 4 through the oil pump 5-1 and the oil supply pipeline 5-3 through the electromagnetic valve 5-4 and is supplied into the movable oil supply device 3 through the telescopic sleeve 4, finally, pressure lubricating oil is injected between the nut internal thread 2-1 and the screw rod external thread 1-2 through the oil outlet 1-3 on the screw rod main body 1 communicated with the interior of the movable oil supply device 3 to form a static pressure oil film, so that the effects of fully lubricating and reducing the direct contact between the threads and the abrasion are achieved, meanwhile, the front movable stop external thread 3-1 and the rear movable stop external thread 3-3 play a role in sealing, and the pressure oil in the movable oil supply device 3 can be prevented from leaking, the two ends of the nut 2 are provided with the sealing end covers, so that lubricating oil with static pressure can be prevented from leaking out of the nut 2, and the lubricating oil with pressure is limited in the movable oil supply device 3, so that the oil pressure value of static pressure lubrication can be greatly improved, and a better sealing effect is achieved.

When the work is stopped, the integrated control box 6 firstly controls the motor 7 to stop rotating, so that the screw rod stops rotating, then controls the oil pump 5-1 to work reversely to pump the lubricating oil supplied to the screw rod back to the oil pool 5-2, then closes the electromagnetic valve 5-4, and the whole work process is finished.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1, 3, 5 and 7, the screw transmission device is composed of a screw body 1, a nut 2, a movable oil supply device 3, an oil supply module 5 and a control and driving part.

The lead screw comprises a lead screw body 1, wherein the lead screw body 1 is provided with a lead screw inner hole 1-1, a lead screw outer thread 1-2 and an oil outlet 1-3; the lead screw inner hole 1-1 is a cylindrical hole penetrating through the whole lead screw main body 1 along the axis direction of the lead screw main body 1, the outer surface of the lead screw main body 1 is provided with lead screw outer threads 1-2, oil outlet holes 1-3 are uniformly formed in the tooth bottoms of the lead screw outer threads 1-2 of the lead screw main body 1, and the oil outlet holes 1-3 are communicated with the lead screw inner hole 1-1.

The nut 2 is installed on the lead screw main body 1, the nut inner thread 2-1 is formed in an inner hole of the nut 2, the nut inner thread 2-1 is connected with the lead screw outer thread 1-2 in a rotating matching mode, and when the lead screw main body 1 rotates, the nut inner thread 2-1 is driven through the lead screw outer thread 1-2 to drive the nut 2 to do linear reciprocating motion within the length range of the lead screw outer thread 1-2 in the axial direction of the lead screw main body 1. Two ends of the nut 2 are provided with magnetic end covers 2-2 which play a role in synchronizing with the movable oil supply device 3 and preventing lubricating oil with static pressure from leaking, and the magnetic end covers 2-2 can be made of permanent magnetic materials such as ferrite, iron-chromium-cobalt, rubidium-iron-boron and the like or can be made of electromagnetic devices.

Remove oil supply unit 3, remove oil supply unit 3 and include: a front movable stop 3-1, a movable synchronous frame 3-2, a rear movable stop 3-3, a through hole 3-3-1 and a flange 3-3-2; the front movable stop 3-1 and the rear movable stop 3-3 are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the movable oil supply device 3, are of flat cylindrical structures, and have the diameter approximately equal to that of the inner hole 1-1 of the screw rod; the front movable stop 3-1 is connected with the rear movable stop 3-3 through a movable synchronous frame 3-2, and the movable synchronous frame 3-2 can be a plurality of rod-shaped connecting devices; the rear part of the rear movable stop block 3-3 is provided with a cylindrical flange 3-3-2, the diameter of the cylindrical flange 3-3-2 is smaller than that of the rear movable stop block 3-3, one end of a telescopic sleeve 4 is fixedly sleeved on the cylindrical flange 3-3-2, the other end of the telescopic sleeve 4 extends out of an inner hole 1-1 of the screw rod and is fixedly connected with an oil outlet port of an external electromagnetic valve 5-4, and the telescopic sleeve 4 can be a telescopic corrugated pipe with high torsional rigidity; a through hole 3-3-1 is arranged on the rear movable stop 3-3, and the through hole 3-3-1 penetrates through the rear movable stop 3-3 and the flange 3-3-2 and is communicated with the telescopic sleeve 4; the front movable stopper 3-1 and the rear movable stopper 3-3 are both magnetic, the polarity is set to that the front movable stopper 3-1 and the magnetic end cap 2-2 corresponding to one end of the nut 2 attract each other, the rear movable stopper 3-3 and the magnetic end cap 2-2 corresponding to the other end of the nut 2 attract each other, and the distance between the two magnetic end caps 2-2 is greater than or equal to the distance between the front movable stopper 3-1 and the rear movable stopper 3-3. The front and back moving block can be made of permanent magnetic materials such as ferrite, iron chromium cobalt, rubidium iron boron and the like, and can also be made of an electromagnetic device. The cylindrical surface of the forward and backward moving stop block can be also provided with a circle of oil sealing ring.

The integrated control box 6 and the motor 7 are integrated, the power of the motor 7 is output to the speed reducer 7-1, the screw main body 1 is driven to rotate through the transmission system 7-2 after passing through the speed reducer 7-1, and bearings 8 are arranged at two ends of the screw main body 1. The integrated control box 6 supplies power to the motor 7, the oil pump 5-1 and the solenoid valve 5-4 and controls the operation state of the above-mentioned devices through a control line (if the magnetic end cap and the forward and backward movement stopper employ an electromagnetic device, the integrated control box 6 may also control the electromagnetic device).

The working principle is as follows:

when the integrated control box 6 starts working, the motor is controlled to start, the screw rod main body 1 is driven to rotate by power through the speed reducer 7-1 and the transmission system 7-2, the nut 2 is driven to move under the action that the nut internal thread 2-1 is driven by the screw rod external thread 1-2, meanwhile, as the front movable stop 3-1 and the magnetic end cover 2-2 corresponding to one end of the nut 2 attract each other, the rear movable stop 3-3 and the magnetic end cover 2-2 corresponding to the other end of the nut 2 attract each other, the movable oil supply device 3 in the hole 1-1 moves along with the movement of the nut 2 under the action of magnetic force (the telescopic sleeve 4 can prevent the movable oil supply device 3 from rotating circumferentially), the nut 2 and the movable oil supply device 3 can be ensured to move at the same speed and direction when the screw rod main body 1 rotates, the nut 2 and the mobile oil supply 3 are in a relatively stationary state.

When the motor 7 is started, the integrated control box 6 also controls the oil pump 5-1 to be started, the electromagnetic valve 5-4 is opened, lubricating oil in an oil pool is supplied into the telescopic sleeve 4 through the oil pump 5-1 and the oil supply pipeline 5-3 through the electromagnetic valve 5-4 and is supplied into the movable oil supply device 3 through the telescopic sleeve 4, finally, pressure lubricating oil is injected between the internal thread 2-1 of the nut and the external thread 1-2 of the screw through the oil outlet 1-3 on the screw rod main body 1 communicated with the inside of the movable oil supply device 3 to form a static pressure oil film, so that the functions of fully lubricating and reducing the direct contact between the threads and the abrasion are achieved, meanwhile, an oil sealing ring arranged on the cylindrical surface of the front-back moving stop block can achieve the sealing function, the pressure oil in the movable oil supply device 3 can be prevented from leaking, the magnetic end covers 2-2 arranged at the two ends of the nut 2 can also achieve the function of preventing the lubricating oil with static pressure from leaking out of the nut 2, the lubricating oil with pressure is limited in the movable oil supply device 3, so that the oil pressure value of static pressure lubrication can be greatly improved, and a better static pressure effect is achieved.

Example 3

The ball screw with the hydrostatic lubrication device was formed by adding balls between the screw male screw thread 1-2 and the nut female screw thread 2-1 of the screw structures of examples 1 and 2.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Screw drive, include, lead screw main part (1), nut (2), fuel feeding module (5) and control and drive part, its characterized in that: the screw body (1) is provided with a screw inner hole (1-1), a screw outer thread (1-2) and an oil outlet hole (1-3); the outer surface of the lead screw main body (1) is provided with a lead screw external thread (1-2); the nut (2) is installed on the lead screw main body (1), and an inner hole of the nut (2) is provided with a nut internal thread (2-1); the nut internal thread (2-1) is connected with the screw rod external thread (1-2) in a rotating matching manner, and when the screw rod main body (1) rotates, the nut internal thread (2-1) is driven by the screw rod external thread (1-2) so as to drive the nut (2) to do reciprocating linear motion in the axial direction of the screw rod main body (1); the control and drive part controls the oil supply module (5) to supply lubricating oil to the screw inner hole (1-1); the inner hole (1-1) of the screw rod is a cylindrical hole which penetrates through the whole screw rod main body (1) along the axis direction of the screw rod main body (1); the oil outlet holes (1-3) are uniformly formed in the tooth bottoms of the screw outer threads (1-2) of the screw main body (1), and the oil outlet holes (1-3) are communicated with the screw inner holes (1-1);

still including installing removal oil supply unit (3) in lead screw hole (1-1), remove oil supply unit (3) and include: a front movable stop block (3-1), a movable synchronous frame (3-2), a rear movable stop block (3-3) and a flange (3-3-2); the front movable stop block (3-1) and the rear movable stop block (3-3) are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the movable oil supply device (3), are of flat cylindrical structures, and have the diameter approximately equal to that of the inner hole (1-1) of the lead screw; the front moving block (3-1) is connected with the rear moving block (3-3) through the moving synchronization frame (3-2), the rear portion of the rear moving block (3-3) is provided with the cylindrical flange (3-3-2), and the diameter of the cylindrical flange (3-3-2) is smaller than that of the rear moving block (3-3).

2. The lead screw drive of claim 1, wherein: the screw inner hole (1-1) is further provided with a telescopic sleeve (4), one end of the telescopic sleeve (4) is fixedly sleeved on the cylindrical flange (3-3-2), and the other end of the telescopic sleeve (4) extends out of the screw inner hole (1-1) and is fixedly connected with an oil outlet of the external oil supply module (5); a through hole (3-3-1) is formed in the rear movable stop block (3-3), and the through hole (3-3-1) penetrates through the rear movable stop block (3-3) and the flange (3-3-2) and is communicated with the telescopic sleeve (4).

3. The lead screw drive of claim 2, wherein: the inner surface of the screw inner hole (1-1) is provided with a screw inner thread (1-1-1); the periphery of the front movable stop block (3-1) is provided with a front movable stop block external thread (3-1-1); the periphery of the rear movable stop block (3-3) is provided with a rear movable stop block external thread (3-3-3); the front movable stop block external thread (3-1-1) and the rear movable stop block external thread (3-3-3) are in rotating fit connection with the lead screw internal thread (1-1-1); the screw thread (1-2) and the screw thread (1-1-1) have the same pitch and the same direction, and when the screw body (1) rotates, the nut (2) and the movable oil supply device (3) can be ensured to move at the same speed and direction; the front movable stop external thread (3-1-1) and the rear movable stop external thread (3-3-3) can also play a role in sealing to prevent pressure oil in the movable oil supply device (3) from leaking.

4. The lead screw drive of claim 2, wherein: magnetic end covers (2-2) are arranged at two ends of the nut (2), and the magnetic end covers (2-2) are made of ferrite, iron-chromium-cobalt and rubidium-iron-boron or made of an electromagnetic device.

5. The lead screw drive of claim 4, wherein: the front movable stop block (3-1) and the rear movable stop block (3-3) are both magnetic, the polarity is set to be that the front movable stop block (3-1) and the magnetic end cover (2-2) at one end of the nut (2) corresponding to the front movable stop block are mutually attracted, and the rear movable stop block (3-3) and the magnetic end cover (2-2) at the other end of the nut (2) corresponding to the rear movable stop block are mutually attracted; the distance between the two magnetic end covers (2-2) is more than or equal to the distance between the front movable stop block (3-1) and the rear movable stop block (3-3); the front and rear movable check blocks are made of ferrite, iron-chromium-cobalt and rubidium-iron-boron or made of an electromagnetic device, and a circle of oil sealing ring is arranged on the cylindrical surface of each movable check block.

6. The screw drive according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: the oil supply module (5) comprises an oil pump (5-1), an oil pool (5-2), an oil supply pipeline (5-3) and an electromagnetic valve (5-4); the oil pump (5-1) is connected with the oil pool (5-2) through the oil supply pipeline (5-3), the oil pump (5-1) is connected with the electromagnetic valve (5-4) through the oil supply pipeline (5-3), and an oil outlet port of the electromagnetic valve (5-4) is connected with the telescopic sleeve (4).

7. The screw drive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the control and drive part comprises an integrated control box (6) and a motor (7), the power of the motor (7) is output to a speed reducer (7-1), the speed reducer (7-1) drives the screw rod main body (1) to rotate through a transmission system (7-2), and bearings (8) are arranged at two ends of the screw rod main body (1).

8. The screw drive according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: the telescopic sleeve (4) is a telescopic corrugated pipe with high torsional rigidity.