CN110241317A - A kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110241317A CN110241317A CN201910535726.8A CN201910535726A CN110241317A CN 110241317 A CN110241317 A CN 110241317A CN 201910535726 A CN201910535726 A CN 201910535726A CN 110241317 A CN110241317 A CN 110241317A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method, specific steps include weighing pure aluminium powder first, carry out cold pressing treatment, obtain aluminium powder block；Then obtained aluminium powder block is subjected to melting；Cold deformation processing subsequently is carried out to the aluminium powder block after melting；Finally to cold deformation, treated that aluminium powder block makes annealing treatment, and obtains annealing aluminium sheet, and the aluminium sheet of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method preparation of the present invention has the characteristics that conductivity height, hardness is low, fatigue resistance is good, light weight thickness is thin, energy density is big.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparations and technical field of heat treatment of aluminium and aluminium alloy, and in particular to a kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet
Preparation method.
Background technique
In modern industry and manufacturing industry, many occasions are directly used is prepared into fine aluminium ingot by way of cold rolling
Hard bar of aluminium sheet.But due to the effect of cold rolling, there are a large amount of texture, dislocation for the hard Palestine and China of aluminium sheet, cause the conductivity of pure aluminum plate
Decline, hardness improve.For some hard bars of aluminium sheet applied under special occasions or operating condition, it is often desired to which it not only has
The performance that conductivity is high, hardness is low, moreover it is possible to have that fatigue resistance is good and new energy in repeatedly mention by lighten it is thinning come
Promote the comprehensive performance of energy density.Therefore, in order to make hard bar of aluminium sheet to reach above-described high-performance, the present invention will provide one
The preparation method of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of kind.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation methods, solve the cold of prior art production
Roll hard bar of the aluminium sheet problem that conductivity is low, energy density is small.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1, pure aluminium powder is weighed, cold pressing treatment is carried out, obtains aluminium powder block；
Step 2, the aluminium powder block obtained through step 1 is subjected to melting；
Step 3, the aluminium powder block after step 2 melting is subjected to cold deformation processing；
Step 4, will through step 3 cold deformation, treated that aluminium powder block makes annealing treatment, obtain annealing aluminium sheet.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that:
Wherein pressure is 280MPa~300MPa in cold pressure procedure in step 1；
Wherein step 2 specifically includes: adopting the powder agglomates that vacuum arc melting is obtained through step 1, is first placed in powder agglomates very
It in water cooled copper plate in empty electric arc melting equipment, is vacuumized using mechanical pump and molecular pump, then passes to argon gas and carry out atmosphere guarantor
Shield, regulation electric arc uniform rotation arc gum is heated evenly aluminium powder block until fusing, blow-out and overturns aluminium block after afterflame after fusing
Arc heating, until melting is uniformly abundant；
It is wherein vacuumized in step 2 using mechanical pump and molecular pump, vacuum degree 10-3~10-4Pa；
The argon gas that atmosphere protection is passed through 0.04MPa~0.07MPa is wherein carried out in step 2；
Wherein the arc current of arc gum is 140A~150A in step 2；
Wherein room temperature will be carried out fastly to aluminium powder using horizontal cold-rolling mill after the aluminium powder block obtained through step 2 polishing in step 3
Cold deformation processing；
Wherein annealing specifically includes in step 3: will treated that aluminium powder plate is put into infrared heating through step 2 cold deformation
It in quick anneal oven, then passes to argon gas and empties air, then connect recirculated water and cooling protection, infrared heating are carried out to infrared filament
Quick anneal oven starts to warm up annealing, and annealing aluminium sheet is finally obtained by the way of air-cooled；
Wherein temperature-rise period in step 3 specifically: be quickly ramped up to furnace tube temperature with 2 DEG C/s~4 DEG C/s heating rate
350 DEG C~500 DEG C are made annealing treatment；
Wherein annealing time is 30min~60min in step 3.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method of the present invention, prepares fine aluminium by using the method for vacuum arc melting
The melting characteristics of block, this method hot rapid cooling fastly inhibit the crystal grain of aluminium block in cooling procedure to grow up, and keep crystal grain tiny；Using argon
The infrared heating short annealing mode of gas shielded, largely reduces the oxidation of aluminium during heat treatment, and due to infrared
The feature that short annealing energy is concentrated, heating rate is fast is heated, reduces annealing time, improves annealing efficiency, annealing process
The reduction of Dislocations, texture makes the hardness of cold rolled aluminum be reduced to 22HV by 44HV, and the amplitude that reduces is 50%；Conductivity by
35MS/m is promoted to 36.3MS/m, ascensional range 3.71%, due to conductivityUnder conditions of L and R are constant, S can
It is reduced to the 96.42% of original product thickness, i.e., thinning improves energy density by lightening.Elongation is increased to by 2.56%
5.13%, the increase of plasticity and toughness increases the fatigue resistance of aluminium sheet, and service life improves, and can be changed according to macro morphology and be estimated in advance
Generation position and the time for counting fracture, avoid the harm that unknown fracture brings the property and personal safety of people.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the microstructure of embodiment 4 in hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method of the invention；
Fig. 2 is Examples 1 to 4 conductivity, Vickers hardness in hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method of the invention
With the change curve of annealing temperature；
Fig. 3 be in hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method of the invention Examples 1 to 4 elongation with annealing temperature
Change curve.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1, pure aluminium powder is weighed, cold pressing treatment is carried out, pressure is 280MPa~300MPa in cold pressure procedure, obtains aluminium powder
Block, the fast consistency of aluminium powder reaches 75%~80% after cold pressing, is easier to carry out subsequent electric arc melting process；
Step 2, the aluminium powder block obtained through step 1 is subjected to melting: adopts the aluminium powder that vacuum arc melting is obtained through step 1
Aluminium powder block is placed in the water cooled copper plate in vacuum arc melting equipment first, is vacuumized using mechanical pump and molecular pump by block,
Causing vacuum degree is 10-3~10-4Pa then passes to 0.04MPa~0.07MPa argon gas and carries out atmosphere protection, and regulation electric arc uniformly turns
Dynamic arc gum is heated evenly aluminium powder block until fusing, the arc current of arc gum are 140A~150A, blow-out and turns over after fusing
Turn aluminium block and continue arcing heating, uniform rotation arc gum is heated evenly aluminium powder block until fusing, blow-out and overturns aluminium after fusing
Powder agglomates continues arcing heating, is repeated 4~5 times, keeps melting uniformly abundant, last blow-out, by electric arc melting hot rapid cooling fastly
Characteristic, obtain the tiny fine aluminium ingot of crystal grain；
Step 3, the aluminium powder block after step 2 melting is subjected to cold deformation processing using horizontal cold-rolling mill；
Step 4, will through step 2 cold deformation, treated that aluminium powder plate is put into infrared heating quick anneal oven, then pass to
10min~15min argon gas empty air, then connect recirculated water to infrared filament carry out cooling protection, then with 2 DEG C/s~4 DEG C/
The heating rate of s makes furnace tube temperature be quickly ramped up to the annealing of 350 DEG C~500 DEG C progress 30min~60min, entirely anneals
Process is carried out in argon atmosphere, and annealing aluminium sheet is finally obtained by the way of air-cooled.
Fine aluminium block is prepared using the method for vacuum arc melting, the melting characteristics of this method hot rapid cooling fastly inhibit aluminium block to exist
Crystal grain in cooling procedure is grown up, and keeps crystal grain tiny；The infrared heating short annealing mode protected using argon gas, is largely dropped
The low oxidation of aluminium during heat treatment, and due to the feature that infrared heating short annealing energy is concentrated, heating rate is fast, subtract
Annealing time is lacked, has improved annealing efficiency, annealing process Dislocations, being greatly decreased for texture make the hardness of cold rolled aluminum substantially
It reduces, conductivity greatly improves.
The hardness of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method of the present invention, cold rolled aluminum is reduced to 22HV by 44HV, reduces width
Degree is 50%；Conductivity is promoted by 35MS/m to 36.3MS/m, ascensional range 3.71%, due to conductivityL with
Under conditions of R is constant, S can be reduced to the 96.42% of original product thickness, i.e., thinning improve energy density by lightening.Elongation
Rate increases to 5.13% by 2.56%, and the increase of plasticity and toughness increases the fatigue resistance of aluminium sheet, and service life improves, can be according to macro
Generation position and time that fracture is pre-estimated in pattern variation are seen, property and person peace that unknown fracture brings people are avoided
Full harm.
Embodiment 1
Hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation, is cold-pressed under the pressure of 300MPa with the pure aluminium powder of electronic balance weighing 500g
The aluminium powder block of Φ 21mm × 70mm.
Aluminium powder block is placed in the water cooled copper plate in vacuum arc melting equipment, it is first true using mechanical pump, molecule pumping
Sky to vacuum degree is 10-3Pa, the argon gas for then passing to 0.06MPa carry out atmosphere protection, and regulation arc current is 150A, is uniformly turned
Dynamic arc gum make aluminium powder block be heated evenly until fusing, after fusing blow-out and overturn aluminium block continue arcing heating, be repeated 5
It is secondary, keep melting uniformly abundant, last blow-out obtains the tiny fine aluminium ingot casting of crystal grain by the characteristic of electric arc melting hot rapid cooling fastly；
The aluminium block surface that electric arc melting obtains is polished, fine aluminium block is synchronized at cold rolling using horizontal cold-rolling mill
Reason, cold-rolled process is reciprocal per pass to guarantee that each section deforms uniformity twice, and finish to gauge thickness control is in 1mm or so；
Cold rolled aluminum is put into infrared heating quick anneal oven, 15min argon gas is first passed through, it is complete to the air in quartz ampoule
After portion empties, connects recirculated water and cooling protection is carried out to infrared filament, be quickly ramped up to furnace tube temperature with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/s
The annealing of 370 DEG C of progress 30min, entire annealing process is carried out in argon atmosphere, finally using air-cooled
Mode obtain annealing aluminium sheet, the conductivity of the cold rolled aluminum is 35MS/m, Vickers hardness 44HV, elongation 2.56%.
Embodiment 2
Hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation, is cold-pressed under the pressure of 290MPa with the pure aluminium powder of electronic balance weighing 650g
The aluminium powder block of Φ 21mm × 90mm.
Aluminium powder block is placed in the water cooled copper plate in vacuum arc melting equipment, it is first true using mechanical pump, molecule pumping
Sky to vacuum degree is 10-3Pa, the argon gas for then passing to 0.05MPa carry out atmosphere protection, and regulation arc current is 145A, is uniformly turned
Dynamic arc gum make aluminium powder block be heated evenly until fusing, after fusing blow-out and overturn aluminium block continue arcing heating, be repeated 4
It is secondary, keep melting uniformly abundant, last blow-out obtains the tiny aluminium powder block of crystal grain by the characteristic of electric arc melting hot rapid cooling fastly；
The aluminium powder block surface that electric arc melting obtains is polished, cold rolling is synchronized to aluminium powder block using horizontal cold-rolling mill
Processing, cold-rolled process is reciprocal per pass to guarantee that each section deforms uniformity twice, and finish to gauge thickness control is obtained in 1mm or so
Cold rolled aluminum；
Cold rolled aluminum is put into infrared heating quick anneal oven, 15min argon gas is first passed through, it is complete to the air in quartz ampoule
After portion empties, connects recirculated water and cooling protection is carried out to infrared filament, be quickly ramped up to furnace tube temperature with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/s
The annealing of 370 DEG C of progress 30min, entire annealing process is carried out in argon atmosphere, finally using air-cooled
Mode obtain annealing aluminium sheet.The conductivity of the annealing aluminium sheet is 36MS/m, Vickers hardness 34HV, elongation 3.32%.
Embodiment 3
Hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation, is cold-pressed under the pressure of 280MPa with the pure aluminium powder of electronic balance weighing 800g
The aluminium powder block of Φ 35mm × 40mm；
Aluminium powder block is placed in the water cooled copper plate in vacuum arc melting equipment, it is first true using mechanical pump, molecule pumping
Sky to vacuum degree is 10-3Pa, the argon gas for then passing to 0.07MPa carry out atmosphere protection, and regulation arc current is 140A, is uniformly turned
Dynamic arc gum make aluminium powder block be heated evenly until fusing, after fusing blow-out and overturn aluminium block continue arcing heating, be repeated 4
It is secondary, keep melting uniformly abundant, last blow-out obtains the tiny fine aluminium ingot casting of crystal grain by the characteristic of electric arc melting hot rapid cooling fastly；
The aluminium block surface that electric arc melting obtains is polished, fine aluminium block is synchronized at cold rolling using horizontal cold-rolling mill
Reason, cold-rolled process is reciprocal per pass to guarantee that each section deforms uniformity twice, and finish to gauge thickness control obtains cold in 1mm or so
Roll aluminium sheet；
Cold rolled aluminum is put into infrared heating quick anneal oven, 10~15min argon gas is first passed through, to the sky in quartz ampoule
After gas all empties, connects recirculated water and cooling protection is carried out to infrared filament, keep furnace tube temperature quick with the heating rate of 3 DEG C/s
The annealing of 400 DEG C of progress 60min is risen to, entire annealing process is carried out in argon atmosphere, is finally used
Air-cooled mode obtains annealing aluminium sheet.The conductivity of the annealing aluminium sheet is 36.2MS/m, Vickers hardness 22.1HV, and elongation is
4.49%.
Embodiment 4
Hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation, with the pure aluminium powder of electronic balance weighing 1000g, under the pressure of 295MPa, cold pressing
At the aluminium powder block of Φ 35mm × 50mm；
Aluminium powder block is placed in the water cooled copper plate in vacuum arc melting equipment, it is first true using mechanical pump, molecule pumping
Sky to vacuum degree is 10-3~10-4Pa, the argon gas for then passing to 0.04MPa carry out atmosphere protection, and regulation arc current is 148A,
Uniform rotation arc gum make aluminium powder block be heated evenly until fusing, after fusing blow-out and overturn aluminium block continue arcing heating, repeatedly
It carries out 5 times, keeps melting uniformly abundant, last blow-out obtains the tiny fine aluminium of crystal grain by the characteristic of electric arc melting hot rapid cooling fastly
Ingot casting.
The aluminium block surface that electric arc melting obtains is polished, fine aluminium block is synchronized at cold rolling using horizontal cold-rolling mill
Reason, cold-rolled process is reciprocal per pass to guarantee that each section deforms uniformity twice, and finish to gauge thickness control obtains cold in 1mm or so
Roll aluminium sheet；
Cold rolled aluminum is put into infrared heating quick anneal oven, 10~15min argon gas is first passed through, to the sky in quartz ampoule
After gas all empties, connects recirculated water and cooling protection is carried out to infrared filament, keep furnace tube temperature quick with the heating rate of 4 DEG C/s
The annealing of 500 DEG C of progress 45min is risen to, entire annealing process is carried out in argon atmosphere, is finally used
Air-cooled mode obtains annealing aluminium sheet.The conductivity of the annealing aluminium sheet is 36.3MS/m, Vickers hardness 22HV, and elongation is
5.13%, it is as shown in Figure 1 the microstructure of annealing aluminium sheet.
As shown in Fig. 2, for Examples 1 to 4 conductivity, Vickers hardness with annealing temperature change curve, conductivity with
The raising of short annealing temperature is gradually increased, and increases to 36.3MS/m, ascensional range 3.71%, due to conductivity by 35MS/mUnder conditions of L and R are constant, since S can be reduced to the 96.42% of original product thickness, that is, pass through the thinning raising that lightens
Energy density, Vickers hardness are reduced with the raising of short annealing temperature, are reduced to 22HV by 44HV, fall is
50%；
As shown in figure 3, being Examples 1 to 4 elongation with the change curve of annealing temperature, elongation is with short annealing temperature
The raising of degree and increase, increase to 5.13% by 2.56%, the increase of plasticity and toughness increases the fatigue resistance of aluminium sheet, service life
It improves, can be changed according to macro morphology generation position and the time for pre-estimating fracture, avoid unknown fracture and bring people
Property and personal safety harm.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of hard bar of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
Step 1, pure aluminium powder is weighed, cold pressing treatment is carried out, obtains aluminium powder block；
Step 2, the aluminium powder block obtained through step 1 is subjected to melting；
Step 3, the aluminium powder block after step 2 melting is subjected to cold deformation processing；
Step 4, will through step 3 cold deformation, treated that aluminium powder block makes annealing treatment, obtain annealing aluminium sheet.
2. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1
Pressure is 280MPa~300MPa in cold pressure procedure.
3. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2 tool
Body includes: the aluminium powder block adopting vacuum arc melting and obtaining through step 1, and aluminium powder block is placed in vacuum arc melting equipment first
Water cooled copper plate on, vacuumized using mechanical pump and molecular pump, then pass to argon gas carry out atmosphere protection, regulation electric arc uniformly turn
Dynamic arc gum is heated evenly aluminium powder block until fusing, blow-out and overturns aluminium block after fusing and continues arcing heating, until melting is equal
It is even abundant.
4. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step 2
It is vacuumized using mechanical pump and molecular pump, vacuum degree 10-3~10-4Pa。
5. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step 2
Carry out the argon gas that atmosphere protection is passed through 0.04MPa~0.07MPa.
6. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step 2
The arc current of arc gum is 140A~150A.
7. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 3 tool
Body are as follows: room temperature cold deformation processing will be carried out fastly to aluminium powder using horizontal cold-rolling mill after the aluminium powder block polishing after step 2 melting.
8. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3
Annealing specifically includes: will through step 2 cold deformation, treated that aluminium powder plate is put into infrared heating quick anneal oven, then lead to
Enter argon gas and empty air, then connect recirculated water and cooling protection is carried out to infrared filament, infrared heating quick anneal oven starts to warm up
Annealing finally obtains annealing aluminium sheet by the way of air-cooled.
9. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the step 3
Temperature-rise period specifically: make furnace tube temperature be quickly ramped up to 350 DEG C~500 DEG C with 2 DEG C/s~4 DEG C/s heating rate and anneal
Processing.
10. hard bar of a kind of high-performance aluminium sheet of preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the step 3
Annealing time is 30min~60min.
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Citations (5)
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| CN104962716A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-10-07 | 周海波 | Gas catalytic flameless near-infrared heating annealing furnace |
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2019
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1346301A (en) * | 1999-02-09 | 2002-04-24 | 克里萨里斯技术公司 | Method of manufacturing metallic products such as sheet by cold working and flash annealing |
| CN102522156A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-06-27 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of aluminum boron slurry for crystalline silicon solar battery |
| CN102787259A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-11-21 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Aluminium alloy foil for lithium ion battery positive current collector and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104561669A (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2015-04-29 | 北京工业大学 | Heat treatment process of Al-Er-Zr-Si alloy |
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