CN110190391B

CN110190391B - Antenna and mobile terminal

Info

Publication number: CN110190391B
Application number: CN201910539216.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严魁锡
Original assignee: Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Current assignee: Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-20
Filing date: 2019-06-20
Publication date: 2021-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-20
Also published as: CN110190391A

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an antenna, which comprises: a plate body; the metal layer is arranged on the first surface of the plate body, and the at least one pair of gaps are formed in the metal layer, each gap comprises a main gap and a gap notch which is communicated with the main gap and the side edge of the metal layer, and the gaps of the pair of gaps are in mirror image antisymmetric; and the feeding units are arranged on the second surface of the plate body in a one-to-one correspondence manner with the gaps, the feeding units are coupled with the gaps, and the first surface and the second surface are surfaces opposite to each other on the plate body.

Description

Antenna and mobile terminal

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna and a mobile terminal.

Background

With the increasing popularization of the fourth generation mobile communication system technology (4G) and the arrival of the fifth generation mobile communication system (5G), the demand for the data transmission rate and the channel capacity of the wireless mobile terminal is increasing. For the problems of multipath fading and link stability in wireless transmission, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology is widely applied to the existing mobile communication system. The technology can effectively improve the channel capacity and the link stability by using limited frequency spectrum resources under the condition of not increasing the frequency spectrum bandwidth, thereby reducing the error rate and further improving the data transmission rate.

For mobile terminals, the trend of being light and thin and small has been limited by the size of the space in which many electronic devices such as a camera, a microphone, a battery, a USB, etc. are placed. These components not only occupy the space of the mobile terminal, but also have a large influence on the performance of the antenna. Mutual coupling between the MIMO antennas directly affects link stability of wireless transmission of the mobile terminal, and therefore how to realize the miniaturization and low mutual coupling of the MIMO antennas becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the design of a miniaturized mobile terminal.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a new solution for an antenna.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna comprising:

a plate body;

the metal layer is arranged on the first surface of the plate body, and the at least one pair of gaps are formed in the metal layer, each gap comprises a main gap and a gap notch which is communicated with the main gap and the side edge of the metal layer, and the gaps of the pair of gaps are in mirror image antisymmetric; and the number of the first and second groups,

the feeding units are arranged on the second surface of the plate body in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the feeding units are coupled with the slots, and the first surface and the second surface are opposite surfaces of the plate body.

Optionally, the main slits of a pair of said slits are arranged in parallel.

Optionally, the major slots of a pair of said slots are mirror symmetric.

Optionally, the metal layer is a strip structure, a gap of one of the pair of gaps extends to an edge of a first long edge of the metal layer, a gap of the other one of the pair of gaps extends to an edge of a second long edge of the metal layer, and the first long edge and the second long edge are two opposite edges of the metal layer.

Optionally, the mirror images of the feed elements of a pair of the feed elements are anti-symmetric.

Optionally, the slot gap divides the main slot into a first slot and a second slot of unequal lengths.

Optionally, each of the feeding units includes a feeding point and a feeding branch, the feeding point is electrically connected to the metal layer, the feeding branch includes a first branch and a second branch with different lengths, the first branch is used for exciting the first slot, and the second branch is used for exciting the second slot.

Optionally, the working frequency band of the antenna includes a 3300-3600 MHz frequency band and a 4700-5000 MHz frequency band.

Optionally, the plate body comprises two pairs of the slits, and one of the two pairs of slits is replicated from the other pair of slits.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mobile terminal comprising:

at least one antenna, wherein the antenna is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;

the antenna comprises a terminal main body, a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the terminal main body is provided with a frame, and a plate body of the antenna is a part of the frame, wherein a first surface of the plate body is a part of an inner surface of the frame, and a second surface of the plate body is a part of an outer surface of the frame;

the circuit board is arranged in the terminal main body, the edge of the circuit board is electrically connected with the metal layer, and the circuit board is used for transmitting signals with the antenna.

Optionally, the mobile terminal includes two antennas, and the two antennas are respectively disposed on two opposite edges of the frame.

The antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least one pair of gaps are formed on the metal layer, and the gaps of any pair of gaps are arranged in a mirror image anti-symmetric manner, so that the coupling degree between the antennas can be effectively reduced, the isolation degree between the antennas can be favorably improved, and the compact layout of multiple antennas can be realized.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

Fig. 1a and 1b are schematic structural diagrams of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph of reflection coefficient between antenna elements as a function of frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a graph of isolation between adjacent antenna elements as a function of frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

101-metal layer

102a, 102b, 102c, 102 d-slot

1021a, 1021b, 1021c, 1021 d-main slit

1022a, 1022b, 1022c, 1022 d-gap

1023a, 1023b, 1023c, 1023 d-first slit

1024a, 1024b, 1024c, 1024 d-second slot

301-first center line

101 a-first long side

101 b-second long side

2a, 2b, 2c, 2d feed unit

302-second center line

303-third center line

201a, 201b, 201c, 201 d-feed branch

202a, 202b, 202c, 202 d-feeding point

2011a, 2011b, 2011c, 2011 d-first branch node

2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2012 d-second branch

501-Circuit Board

401. 402, 403, 404-rims

601. 602-aerial

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

The antenna of the embodiment of the invention can be an MIMO antenna, and can be applied to 5G mobile terminal products.

Referring to fig. 1a and 1b, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, including:

a plate body.

The metal layer 101 is disposed on the first surface of the plate body, and the at least one pair of slits is disposed on the metal layer 101. For example, two pairs of slots are shown in fig. 1a, wherein

slots

102a, 102b are a pair of slots and

slots

102c, 102d are a pair of slots.

Each slit comprises a strip-shaped main slit and a slit gap which is communicated with the main slit and the side edge of the metal layer 101. For example, the

gaps

102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d shown in fig. 1a respectively include

main gaps

1021a, 1021b, 1021c, and 1021d and

gap gaps

1022a, 1022b, 1022c, and 1022d that communicate the

main gaps

1021a, 1021b, 1021c, and 1021d and the side edges of the metal layer 101.

Further, as shown in fig. 1a, the mirror images between the

slits

102a, 102b of a pair of slits are antisymmetric, and the mirror images between the

slits

102c, 102d of a pair of slits are also antisymmetric.

It should be noted that the mirror images of the

slits

102a and 102b of the pair of slits are anti-symmetric, and it is understood that the

slits

102a and 102b of the pair of slits are distributed in central symmetry with respect to the first center line 301, where the first center line may be a long-side center line of the first surface of the plate body, that is, the slit 102a is shifted to the other side of the first center line 301, the distance between the slit 102a before and after shifting and the first center line 301 is equal, and the slit 102a after shifting can coincide with the slit 102b after rotating around its center point by 180 degrees.

At least one pair of feeding units is disposed on the second surface of the board, which may be an outer surface of the board, as shown in fig. 1b, the pair of feeding units is configured corresponding to the pair of slots one by one, each feeding unit is coupled to the pair of slots, the first surface and the second surface are opposite surfaces of the board, for example, the pair of

slots

102a and 102b is configured corresponding to the pair of feeding

units

2a and 2b, and the pair of

slots

102a and 102b is coupled to the pair of feeding

units

2a and 2b, and the pair of

slots

102c and 102d is configured corresponding to the pair of feeding

units

2c and 2d, and the pair of

slots

102c and 102d is coupled to the pair of feeding

units

2c and 2 d.

It should be noted that one slot and one feed unit configured corresponding to the slot form one antenna unit, for example, two pairs of slots and two pairs of feed units configured corresponding to the two pairs of slots form four antenna units, and herein, the antenna may be referred to as a four-element antenna.

Further, the main slits of the pair of slits are arranged in parallel. As shown in fig. 1a, two pairs of slits are opened in the metal layer 101, that is, the

slits

102a and 102b are a pair of slits, the

slits

102c and 102d are a pair of slits, and the

slits

102a, 102b, 102c and 102d respectively include strip-shaped

main slits

1021a, 1021b, 1021c and 1021d, where the

main slits

1021a and 1021b corresponding to the pair of

slits

102a and 102b are disposed in parallel, and the

main slits

1021c and 1021d corresponding to the other pair of

slits

102c and 102d are disposed in parallel.

Further, the main slits of a pair of slits are mirror symmetric. As shown in fig. 1a, two pairs of slits are opened in the metal layer 101, that is, the

slits

102a and 102b are a pair of slits, the

slits

102c and 102d are a pair of slits, and the

slits

102a, 102b, 102c and 102d respectively include strip-shaped

main slits

1021a, 1021b, 1021c and 1021d, where the

main slits

1021a and 1021b corresponding to the pair of

slits

102a and 102b are mirror-symmetrical, and the

main slits

1021c and 1021d corresponding to the other pair of

slits

102c and 102d are mirror-symmetrical.

Further, the metal layer 101 is a stripe structure, one of the pair of slits has a slit gap extending to an edge of a first long side 101a of the metal layer 101, and the other of the pair of slits has a slit gap extending to an edge of a second long side 101b of the metal layer 101, where the first long side 101a and the second long side 101b are two opposite sides of the metal layer 101. As shown in fig. 1a, the

slits

102a and 102b are a pair of slits, the slit gap 1022a of the slit 102a extends to the edge of the first long side 101a of the metal layer 101, the slit gap 1022b of the slit 102b extends to the edge of the second long side 101b of the metal layer 101, the first long side 101a and the second long side 101b are two opposite sides of the metal layer 101, and as shown in fig. 1a, the first long side 101a and the second long side 101b are arranged in parallel.

The main gaps of the pair of gaps are parallel and are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode, and the gap gaps of the pair of gaps extend to two opposite long edges of the metal layer 101 respectively.

Further, the main gap is divided into a first gap and a second gap which are different in length by the gap, wherein the length of the first gap is larger than that of the second gap. As shown in fig. 1a, the gap 1022a divides the main gap 1021a into a first gap 1023a and a second gap 1024a with different lengths, the gap 1022b divides the main gap 1021b into a first gap 1023b and a second gap 1024b with different lengths, the gap 1022c divides the main gap 1021c into a first gap 1023c and a second gap 1024c with different lengths, and the gap 1022d divides the main gap 1021d into a first gap 1023d and a second gap 1024d with different lengths.

Divide into first gap and the second gap that length is unequal with main gap through the gap breach, first gap and second gap produce different resonant frequency at the working process, carry out the dual-frenquency work that can realize the antenna.

Further, the width of the slit is 1.2mm, the length of the first slit is 12.2mm, the length of the second slit is 8.5mm, and the width of the slit gap in the length direction of the slit is 1 mm. By adopting the slot structure with the size, the antenna provided by the embodiment can work in two working frequency bands of 3300-3600 MHz and 4700-5000 MHz.

Further, the plate body comprises two pairs of slits, and one of the two pairs of slits is obtained by duplicating and translating the other pair of slits. Two pairs of slits as shown in fig. 1a, wherein the

slits

102a, 102b are a pair of slits, the

slits

102c, 102d are a pair of slits, and one pair of

slits

102c, 102d is obtained by duplicating the translation of the other pair of

slits

102a, 102b about the third center line 303.

Through this kind of mode of placing, can be so that two pairs of gaps furthest's formation reverse current, to a great extent has reduced the mutual space coupling of antenna element, does benefit to the isolation that improves between the antenna element.

Further, the mirror images between the feeding units of a pair of feeding units are antisymmetric. As shown in fig. 1b, the

feeding units

2a and 2b are a pair of feeding units, and the

feeding units

2a and 2b are mirror images of each other in an anti-symmetric manner, and the

feeding units

2c and 2d are another pair of feeding units, and the

feeding units

2c and 2d are mirror images of each other in an anti-symmetric manner. .

It should be noted that, the mirror image inversion symmetry between the pair of feeding

units

2a, 2b is understood that the pair of feeding

units

2a, 2b are distributed in central symmetry with respect to the second center line 302, where the second center line may be a long-side center line of the first surface of the board body, that is, the first center line and the second center line coincide, that is, the feeding unit 2a is translated to the other side of the second center line 302, distances between the feeding unit 2a before and after translation and the second center line 302 are equal, and the feeding unit 2a after translation can coincide with the feeding unit 2b after rotating around its center point by 180 degrees.

In an embodiment, the antenna includes two pairs of feeding units configured for the two pairs of slots, and the two pairs of slots and the two pairs of feeding units corresponding to the two pairs of slots form a four-element antenna.

Further, each feeding unit includes a feeding point and a feeding branch, the feeding point is electrically connected to the metal layer 101, the feeding branch may be T-shaped, and the feeding branch includes a first branch and a second branch having different lengths, where the length of the first branch may be greater than the length of the second branch, the first branch is used to excite the first gap, and the second branch is used to excite the second gap.

As shown in fig. 1b, the

feeding units

2a, 2b, 2c, 2d comprise feeding

points

202a, 202b, 202c, 202d and feeding

branches

201a, 201b, 201c, 201d, respectively.

The feed branch 201a includes a first branch 2011a and a second branch 2012a with different lengths, the feed branch 2011a is used for exciting the first slot 1023a, and the second branch 2012a is used for exciting the second slot 1024 a. The feed branch 201b includes a first branch 2011b and a second branch 2012b with different lengths, the feed branch 2011b is used for exciting the first slot 1023b, and the second branch 2012b is used for exciting the second slot 1024 b. Feed branch 201c includes first branch 2011c and second branch 2012c of unequal lengths, feed branch 2011c being for exciting first gap 1023c, second branch 2012c being for exciting second gap 1024 c. The feed branch 201d includes a first branch 2011d and a second branch 2012d with different lengths, the feed branch 2011d is used for exciting the first gap 1023d, and the second branch 2012d is used for exciting the second gap 1024 d.

Through setting up corresponding feed minor matters for corresponding gap, on the one hand can make feed minor matters encourage corresponding gap, on the other hand also can realize good impedance matching through the length of adjusting first minor matters and second minor matters in the feed minor matters, and then ensure that antenna element is accurate realizes dual-frenquency and works.

Furthermore, the working frequency range of the antenna comprises a 3300-3600 MHz frequency range and a 4700-5000 MHz frequency range. Namely, the antenna can work in two frequency bands of low frequency and high frequency, thereby realizing double-frequency work.

In this embodiment, the working principle of the antenna may be as follows: the first gap and the second gap can generate a resonant frequency respectively, wherein the first gap generates a high-frequency resonant frequency, and the second gap generates a low-frequency resonant frequency, so that the antenna can realize double-frequency work, and after the double-frequency work is realized, the matching adjustment of the high frequency and the low frequency can be further realized by adjusting the lengths of the first branch and the second branch.

In this embodiment, based on the four-element antenna, the antenna element formed by the slot 102a and the feed element 2a shown in fig. 1a and 1b may be referred to as a first antenna element, the antenna element formed by the slot 102b and the feed element 2b may be referred to as a second antenna element, the antenna element formed by the slot 102c and the feed element 2c may be referred to as a third antenna element, and the antenna element formed by the slot 102d and the feed element 2d may be referred to as a fourth antenna element. As shown in fig. 2, S11 represents the reflection coefficient between the slot 102a and the feed branch 201a, S22 represents the reflection coefficient between the slot 102b and the feed branch 201b, S33 represents the reflection coefficient between the slot 102c and the feed branch 201c, and S44 represents the reflection coefficient between the slot 102d and the feed branch 201d, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that-6 dB impedance bandwidths of each antenna element cover 3300 to 3600MHz and 4700 to 5000MHz, and meet the dual-band operation requirement of the 5G mobile terminal antenna. As shown in FIG. 3, S12 represents the transmission coefficient between the first antenna element and the second antenna element, S13 represents the transmission coefficient between the first antenna element and the third antenna element, S14 represents the transmission coefficient between the first antenna element and the fourth antenna element, S23 represents the transmission coefficient between the second antenna element and the third antenna element, and S24 represents the transmission coefficient between the second antenna element and the fourth antenna element, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the isolation between the adjacent antenna elements is greater than-11 dB in the operating frequency, which can meet the design requirement of the isolation of the antenna of the mobile terminal.

The antenna that this embodiment provided, can be with the feed unit of gap and corresponding configuration as an antenna element, on the one hand, it has seted up at least a pair of gap on a metal level, and mirror image antisymmetric placing between the gap of arbitrary pair of gap, effectively reduced the coupling degree between the antenna element, do benefit to the isolation that improves between the antenna element, realize the compact overall arrangement of many antennas, on the other hand, each its gap includes main gap and gap breach, the gap breach divide into first gap and the second gap that length is inequality with main gap, first gap and second gap produce different resonant frequency in the course of the work, carry out the dual-frenquency work that can realize the antenna.

< Mobile terminal >

The embodiment of the invention also provides a mobile terminal, which can be a 5G mobile terminal product, and the invention is not limited to this.

As shown in fig. 4, the mobile terminal includes:

at least one antenna 601, wherein the antenna 601 is an antenna as described in any of the above, wherein the antenna 601 is a quad antenna.

The antenna 601 comprises a terminal body, wherein the terminal body is provided with

frames

401, 402, 403 and 404, a plate body of the antenna 601 is a part of the frame 401, a first surface of the plate body is a part of an inner surface of the frame 401, and a second surface of the plate body is a part of an outer surface of the frame 401.

And a circuit board 501, wherein the circuit board 501 is arranged in the terminal body, the edge of the circuit board is electrically connected with the metal layer, and the circuit board 501 is used for transmitting signals with the antenna 601.

The mobile terminal provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the antenna is arranged on the frame of the terminal main body, and the occupied clearance area of the antenna can be effectively avoided.

Furthermore, the mobile terminal comprises two antennas, and the two antennas are respectively arranged on two opposite edges of the frame. By properly increasing the number of the antennas, the channel capacity of the communication system can be improved to a greater extent, so that the bit error rate is reduced and the data transmission rate is improved.

Referring to fig. 5, a four-element antenna 601 is disposed on the upper half of the bezel 401, another four-element antenna 602 is disposed on the upper half of the bezel 402, and the four-element antenna 601 and the four-element antenna 602 are symmetrically distributed about the long-side center line 5012 of the circuit board 501.

Referring to fig. 6, a four-element antenna 601 is disposed on the upper half of the frame 401, another four-element antenna 602 is disposed on the lower half of the frame 401, and the four-element antenna 601 and the four-element antenna 602 are symmetrically distributed about the broadside center line 5011 of the circuit board 501.

Furthermore, the frame is an FR-4 dielectric substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the FR-4 dielectric substrate is 4.4.

Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising:

a plate body;

the pair of feed units and the pair of gaps are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the pair of feed units are coupled with the pair of gaps, and the first surface and the second surface are opposite surfaces of the plate body;

the main gap is divided into a first gap and a second gap which are different in length by the gap.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the major slots of a pair of the slots are disposed in parallel.

3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein a major slot of a pair of the slots is mirror symmetric.

4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the metal layer is a strip structure, the slot gap of one of the pair of slots extends to an edge of a first long side of the metal layer, the slot gap of the other of the pair of slots extends to an edge of a second long side of the metal layer, and the first long side and the second long side are two opposite sides of the metal layer.

5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the mirror images between the feed elements of a pair of the feed elements are anti-symmetric.

6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein each of the feed elements comprises a feed point and a feed stub, the feed point being electrically connected to the metal layer, the feed stub comprising a first stub and a second stub of unequal lengths, the first stub being for exciting the first slot and the second stub being for exciting the second slot.

7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the operating frequency band of the antenna comprises 3300-3600 MHz and 4700-5000 MHz.

8. The antenna of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the plate body comprises two pairs of the slots, and one of the two pairs of slots is translated from a replication of the other pair of slots.

9. A mobile terminal, comprising:

at least one antenna, wherein the antenna is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;

10. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the mobile terminal comprises two of the antennas, the two antennas being disposed on two opposing sides of the bezel.