CN110172081B - 一种生物医学组织工程用具有矿化功能的多肽分子衍生物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种生物医学组织工程用具有矿化功能的多肽分子衍生物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种生物医学组织工程用具有矿化功能的多肽分子衍生物及其应用,属于生物医学材料技术领域。该多肽分子衍生物,其分子结构通式为X‑X‑Cys‑Cys‑Cys‑Cys‑Y‑Y‑Z‑W‑NH2;X为Asn或葡萄糖基化天冬酰胺;Y为Arg或Lys;Z为Glu或Asp;W为磷酸化丝氨酸或磷酸化苏氨酸。本发明多肽分子衍生物可以诱导磷灰石晶体的取向生长,合成具有类似机体硬组织微结构的生物材料;可以在氯化钙的诱导下自组装形成3D纳米水凝胶,可以应用于骨组织工程支架材料,或应用于细胞的3D原位培养;可以与胶原纤维结合,诱导胶原纤维的矿化,因此可以应用于骨组织再生的研究,以及诱导牙骨质、牙本质的矿化再生修复。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医学材料技术领域,具体涉及一种具有矿化功能的多肽分子衍生物。
背景技术
机体硬组织一旦缺损,很难实现自愈性修复,因此硬组织的再生修复是临床医学、口腔医学的重要研究课题之一。实现人体硬组织再生的关键之一是通过生长因子或者其仿生类似物诱导钙磷酸盐的形成。口腔医学中牙周组织的再生更为复杂。重建功能性牙周复合体的关键之一是使牙周膜纤维结缔组织附着在牙骨质及牙槽骨表面的矿化层。其中,牙骨质是一种无血管的附着在牙根表面的矿化硬组织,牙周膜的纤维结缔组织通过沙比纤维(Sharpey’s fibers)锚链在牙骨质矿化层表面,从而使牙周膜附着在牙根上。因此,牙骨质的再生对于牙周复合体的重建具有重要意义。
现有技术中缺乏用于牙骨质再生的具有高效矿化功能的生物材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种生物医学组织工程用具有矿化功能的多肽分子衍生物,可以用于制备具有类似人体硬组织微结构的生物材料、骨组织工程支架材料,可以与胶原纤维结合诱导牙齿的仿生矿化。
一种生物医学组织工程用具有矿化功能的多肽分子衍生物,其分子结构通式为:
X-X-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Y-Y-Z-W-NH2;
其中:
X为Asn或葡萄糖基化天冬酰胺;
Y为Arg或Lys;
Z为Glu或Asp;
W为磷酸化丝氨酸或磷酸化苏氨酸。
本发明中,所述多肽分子衍生物的N端连接有脂肪酸链。
本发明中,所述脂肪酸链为碳原子个数为10-20的脂肪酸链。
优选的技术方案中,脂肪酸链为碳原子个数为16的脂肪酸链。
其中图7显示了葡萄糖基化天冬酰胺的结构式。图8显示了磷酸化丝氨酸Ser(p)的结构式。图9显示了磷酸化苏氨酸Thr(p)的结构式。
本发明还提供所述多肽分子衍生物在组织工程支架材料、牙周组织再生生物材料、防治龋病和牙本质敏感的材料方面的应用。
本发明提供的多肽分子衍生物具有以下功能:可以诱导磷灰石晶体的取向生长,合成具有类似人体硬组织微结构的生物材料,因此具有较好的生物活性;可以在氯化钙的诱导下自组装形成3D纳米水凝胶,因此可以应用于骨组织工程支架材料,或应用于细胞的3D原位培养;可以与胶原纤维结合,诱导胶原纤维的矿化,因此可以应用于骨组织再生的研究,以及诱导牙骨质、牙本质的矿化再生修复。
附图说明
图1:多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽的分子骨架及3D结构图。
图2:多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽自组装后的形态,其中a为透射电镜照片;b为扫描电镜照片。
图3:多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽诱导矿化性能的表征,a:透射电镜和选区电子衍射;b:扫描电镜及局部放大;c-g:扫描电镜和对应区域的EDS-mapping(元素分布图),d:碳元素分布;e:氧元素分布,f:钙元素分布;g:磷元素分布。
图4:CEMP1仿生寡肽诱导胶原纤维矿化。其中a:实验组透射电镜和选区电子衍射及能谱分析,b:实验组扫描电镜及局部区域放大,c:对照组透射电镜和选区电子衍射及能谱分析,d:对照组扫描电镜及局部区域放大。
图5:牙本质薄片用磷酸脱矿后及结合多肽后的扫描电镜图,a为新鲜牙本质(实施例1标题4中A步骤所得)的扫描电镜图,b为新鲜牙本质经酸蚀后的扫描电镜图(实施例1标题4中B步骤所得),c-d:酸蚀后的牙本质结合多肽后的表面及断面观(实施例1标题4中C步骤所得)。
图6:CEMP1仿生寡肽在牙本质表面诱导形成的类牙体硬组织表面扫描电镜图。其中a,c,e:是实验组分别矿化1天,2天,3天后的扫描电镜图及局部区域放大(实施例1标题4中C步骤所得)。b,d,f:对照组分别矿化1天,2天,3天后的扫描电镜图及局部区域放大(实施例1标题4中D步骤所得)。
图7显示了葡萄糖基化天冬酰胺的结构式。
图8显示了磷酸化丝氨酸Ser(p)的结构式。
图9显示了磷酸化苏氨酸Thr(p)的结构式。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例中CEMP1仿生寡肽可以采用如下方法合成:将不溶性树脂(不溶性树脂共有三类:聚苯乙烯-苯二乙烯交联树脂;聚丙烯酰胺;聚乙烯-乙二醇类树脂及衍生物)作为高分子固相载体,首先将一个氨基被封闭基团(氨基的保护基有烷氧羰基,叔丁氧羰基,9-芴甲氧羰基)保护的氨基酸共价连接在固相载体上。在脱保护剂(脱保护剂有:三氟乙酸;哌啶-CH2Ccl2或者哌啶-DMF)的作用下,脱掉氨基的保护基,这样第一个氨基酸就接到了固相载体上了。然后将氨基被封闭的第二个氨基酸采用羧基活化剂活化,再与已接在固相载体的第一个氨基酸的氨基反应形成肽键,这样在固相载体上就生成了一个带有保护基的二肽。重复上述肽键形成反应,按照氨基酸分子的序列,使肽链从氨基酸的羧基端(C端)向氨基端(N端)生长,直至达到所需要的肽链长度。然后,在多肽的N端氨基酸,即谷氨酰胺的氨基,在棕榈酰氯和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)的作用下,与脂肪酸(C15H31-COOH)的羧基进行缩合反应,从而将脂肪酸结构接在多肽分子的N端。
最后脱去保护基,用无机酸水解肽链和固相载体之间的酯键,就得到了合成好的肽。
修饰糖基:N-糖基化(N-linked glycosylation)是通过糖链的还原端N-乙酰胺基葡萄糖(Glc-Nac)和肽链中Asn侧链酰胺基上的N原子相连,再将带有糖片段的氨基酸作为一个氨基酸构建单元,按照最优化的条件将其引入到多肽序列中,按照上述的多肽固相合成法经过进一步的多肽序列的延伸,完成糖肽的组装。
多肽衍生物2-96参照上述方法合成。
本发明实施例中各多肽衍生物均是上海科肽生物科技有限公司(ShanghaiScience Peptide Biological Techology Co.,ltd,)合成。
实施例1多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽的生物活性
多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽,结构式为:
C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2,其中Ser(p)表示磷酸化丝氨酸。
1.诱导自组装获得纳米水凝胶,用于骨牙组织工程支架材料,或应用于细胞的3D原位培养。
A:取2mg多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽粉末加入100ul二甲基亚砜(dimethylsulfoxide,DMSO)使之完全溶解,然后加入1900ul的去离子水,配置成1mg/ml的多肽溶液。
B:取A步骤中获取的浓度为1mg/ml多肽衍生物溶液200ul,加入1M氯化钙溶液,超声震荡,充分混匀,常温下自组装2h,获得半固体水凝胶,即自组装多肽衍生物水凝胶。
C:纳米水凝胶纤维的扫描电子显微镜观察:将步骤B得到的自组装多肽衍生物水凝胶,用2ml无水酒精充分分散均匀,然后滴加在透射电镜铜网上,用2.5%的戊二醛溶液使自组装多肽衍生物充分固定在透射电镜铜网上(固定时间约2h)。将自组装多肽衍生物固定在透射电镜铜网上的样本进行梯度酒精脱水,依次在30%,50%,70%,85%,90%的酒精溶液中脱水15min,无水乙醇中脱水两次,每次持续15min。临界点干燥仪中进行干燥处理。将干燥的样本进行喷金处理,后在场发射扫面电镜下观察自组装多肽衍生物能否进行自组装,及自组装后的形态特点。从图2可见,多肽衍生物小分子能够自组装形成纳米纤维结构,这种纳米纤维彼此交织形成多孔的网状结构。这种纳米纤维的直径在40-60nm之间;长度可达到微米级别(图2是多肽衍生物自组装形成的纳米纤维的电镜图)。
上述实验结果表明,多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽可以在氯化钙的诱导下自组装形成3D纳米水凝胶,可以应用于骨组织工程支架材料,或应用于细胞的3D原位培养。
2.自组装多肽衍生物诱导磷灰石晶体的生长,获得新型类骨修复材料。
A:取2mg多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽粉末加入100ul二甲基亚砜(dimethylsulfoxide,DMSO)使多肽衍生物粉末完全溶解,然后加入1900ul的去离子水,配置成1mg/ml的多肽衍生物溶液。
B:取A步骤中获取的浓度为1mg/ml多肽衍生物溶液200ul,加入1M氯化钙溶液,超声震荡,充分混匀,常温下自组装2h,获得组装后的半固体水凝胶,即自组装多肽衍生物水凝胶。
C:将步骤B得到的自组装多肽衍生物水凝胶浸泡在矿化液中2-8h后取出。冷冻干燥,获得复合骨修复材料。所述矿化液含有2.58mmol/L钙离子,1.55mmol/L磷酸根离子,180mmol/L氯化钠,溶剂是50mmol/L、pH=7.6的缓冲溶液。
D:材料结构的表征:将复合骨修复材料梯度脱水及干燥,进行透射电镜及选区电子衍射检测和喷金后的扫描电镜及EDS-mapping检测,来鉴定该多肽衍诱导矿化的性能。由图3可见,颗粒状的矿化物沉积在多肽衍生物自组装形成的纳米纤维的表面,EDS-mapping分析发现这些颗粒状的矿化物的主要成分为钙和磷。
由本实施例中试验结果可以看出:多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽可以诱导磷灰石矿物质的生长,合成具有类似机体硬组织微结构的生物材料,从而具有更好的生物活性。
3.多肽衍生物与胶原纤维结合及其诱导胶原纤维的矿化。
(1)将重组胶原溶液(即collagen solution type I(3mg/ml),购自Gibco-Invitrogen,USA)滴入缓冲液(50mM glycine and 200mM KCl,pH=9.0)中,在室温中孵育20min,制备得到50mg·mL-1重组胶原溶液。实验组:将1mg/ml多肽衍生物溶液加入上述获得的50mg·mL-1重组胶原溶液。对照组:是不加入多肽溶液的50mg·mL-1重组胶原溶液。
(2)分别取20μl实验组和对照组溶液,滴于TEM铜网上,用0.25w t%戊二醛溶液固定2h。然后将其置于矿化液(同上)中矿化,37℃下矿化2h。然后TEM观察矿化的胶原纤维。由图4a、图4b可见,在加入多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽后,胶原纤维能够发生矿化,且选区电子衍射分析发现,形成的矿化物沿着胶原纤维的长轴排列,且这些能谱分析发现矿化物的主要成分为钙磷。在对照组中,没有见到沿着胶原纤维长轴排列的矿物质的形成。上述实验结果显示,多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽可以与胶原纤维结合,诱导胶原纤维的矿化。因此,多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽可以应用于骨组织再生的研究,医用胶原相关产品的优化,以及诱导牙骨质、牙本质的矿化再生修复。
4.诱导脱矿牙本质表面形成矿化层结构
A:将收集的第一前磨牙用17%的EDTA溶液和有效氯浓度为5.25%的次氯酸钠溶液的混合液浸泡12h。随后,超声下震荡2h,去除牙根表面的牙骨质。金刚石低速切割机,切取牙根颈部1/3的牙根,制成2×2cm2的新鲜牙本质薄片。
B:取A中获取的牙本质薄片,然后用质量百分浓度为37%的磷酸溶液酸蚀30s,单蒸水冲洗30s,放置在含有0.02%的叠氮化钠的单蒸水中,得到酸蚀后的牙本质。
C:取B步骤酸蚀后的牙本质,浸泡在1mg/ml多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽溶液中。喷洒钙离子溶液在其表面诱导多肽溶液在牙本质表面的自组装,随后将该牙本质片浸泡在矿化液中,每24h更换一次矿化液。分别浸泡1,2,3天。
D:取B步骤中获取的牙本质片,不浸泡在多肽溶液CEMP1仿生寡肽中,而是直接浸泡在矿化液中,每24h更换一次矿化液。分别浸泡1,2,3天。
E:取B步骤中获取的牙本质片,浸泡在多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽溶液中。喷洒钙离子在其表面诱导表面多肽衍生物在牙本质表面的自组装。但不浸泡在矿化溶液中。
F:将A、B、C、D、E步骤中获取的牙本质片,进行梯度酒精脱水及临界点干燥处理。
G:将步骤F中干燥后的样本进行喷金处理,扫描电镜观察矿化表面及横断面。由图5可以看出,多肽衍生物自组装形成的纳米纤维能够附着在磷酸酸蚀后的牙本质表面及牙本质小管内部。从图6中a、c、e可见多肽衍生物附着在牙本质表面后,脱矿的牙本质胶原纤维发生了矿化,图6中b、d、f可见并没有再生的矿化层形成。
从上述实验及结果可以看到,多肽衍生物自组装形成的纳米纤维能够附着在磷酸酸蚀后的牙本质表面及牙本质小管内部。各多肽衍生物附着在牙本质表面后,脱矿的牙本质胶原纤维发生了矿化,从而能够诱导类牙体硬组织矿化再生。
实施例2
按照实施例1中方法对多肽衍生物2-96进行如下实四个方面的试验:
1.诱导自组装获得纳米水凝胶,用于骨牙组织工程支架材料,或应用于细胞的3D原位培养。
结果:多肽衍生物能够自组装形成纳米纤维结构,这种纳米纤维彼此交织形成多孔的网状结构。这种纳米纤维的直径在40-60nm之间;长度可达到微米级别。因此多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生此活性分子可以在氯化钙的诱导下自组装形成3D纳米水凝胶,可以应用于骨牙组织工程支架材料,或应用于细胞的3D原位培养。
2.自组装多肽衍生物诱导磷灰石晶体的生长,获得新型类骨修复材料。
结果:颗粒状的矿化物沉积在各多肽衍生物自组装形成的纳米纤维的表面,EDS-mapping分析发现这些颗粒状的矿化物的主要成分为钙和磷。因此,多肽衍生物2-96均可以诱导磷灰石晶体的取向生长,合成具有类似机体硬组织微结构的生物材料,从而具有更好的生物活性。
3.多肽衍生物与胶原纤维结合及其诱导胶原纤维的矿化。
结果:在加入多肽衍生物后,胶原纤维能够发生矿化,且选区电子衍射分析发现,形成的矿化物沿着胶原纤维的长轴排列,且这些能谱分析发现矿化物的主要成分为钙磷。实验结果显示,多肽衍生物CEMP1仿生寡肽可以与胶原纤维分子结合,诱导胶原纤维的矿化。因此,多肽衍生物CEMP1可以应用于骨组织再生的研究,医用胶原相关产品的优化,以及诱导牙骨质、牙本质的矿化再生修复。
4.诱导脱矿牙本质表面形成的矿化层结构。
结果:各多肽衍生物自组装形成的纳米纤维能够附着在磷酸酸蚀后的牙本质表面及牙本质小管内部。各多肽衍生物附着在牙本质表面后,脱矿的牙本质胶原纤维发生了矿化。
其各衍生物的结构式如下:
多肽衍生物2:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物3:分子C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物4:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物5:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物6:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物7:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物8:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物9:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物10:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物11:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物12:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物13:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物14:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物15:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物16:C16H310-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物33:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物34:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物35:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物36:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物37:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物38:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物39:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物40:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物41:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物42:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物43:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物44:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物45:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物46:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物47:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物48:C18H35O-Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物65:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物66:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物67:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物68:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Glu-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物69:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物70:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物71:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物72:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Asp-Ser(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物73:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物74:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物75:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物76:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Glu-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物77:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Arg-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物78:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Lys-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物79:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Arg-Lys-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
多肽衍生物80:Asn-Asn-Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Lys-Arg-Asp-Thr(p)-NH2。
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