CN110132527A - A kind of model vibration monitoring method in the wind tunnel test based on balance signal - Google Patents
A kind of model vibration monitoring method in the wind tunnel test based on balance signal Download PDFInfo
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of model vibration monitoring methods in wind tunnel test based on balance signal, purpose is to solve sensor installation complexity in the prior art, low efficiency and problem at high cost, after when wind tunnel test, model is by certain vibrational excitation, vibration can be generated, the respective component of balance can experience this vibration signal simultaneously, the output signal of data collection system continuous acquisition balance, then vibrating elastic angle in real time is calculated during wind tunnel test using the non-filtered and low-pass filter signal of load increment angular flexibility calculation formula and balance, the vibrating elastic angle is real-time angular variable quantity of test model on the basis of its benchmark angle of attack position, the real-time Vibration Condition of test model in wind tunnel test is reflected.This method makes full use of the real-time angular variable quantity of wind-tunnel routine test equipment test model, has the characteristics that easy to operate, reliable for operation, high-efficient, and conventional wind-tunnel can be used.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aerodynamics wind-tunnel technique fields, and in particular to a kind of wind-tunnel examination based on balance signal
Middle model vibration monitoring method is tested, to the Vibration Condition real-time monitoring of model when suitable for blasting.
Background technique
In wind tunnel test, the support system of dummy vehicle is the movement mechanism of implementation model attitude angle variation, is usually adopted
With long cantilever branching rod structure, to reduce the flow-disturbing interference of its stream field, and good dynamic test characteristic is provided.But the structure
Usually multiple degrees of freedom, low resistance elastic system, general that Low rigidity characteristic is presented, low order eigentone is at several hertz
To between tens hertz.In transonic wind tunnel, gas pressure is also mainly distributed on low frequency phase, in outer gas stream arteries and veins
Under the comprehensive functions of factors such as dynamic, wind-tunnel dynamical system vibration itself, noise, tested model structure and gas are easily generated
The low frequency coupled resonance of pressure, so as to cause the amplitude low-frequency vibration of model.Strong and lasting vibration can not only cause to transport
The disabler of motivation structure shortens service life of equipment, causes system failure rate to rise, and also affect test chamber
Flow field quality, wind-tunnel control and test data precision, when serious can also in a manner of fatigue failure destructive test equipment and
Model system threatens to the safety of wind tunnel operation.Therefore, study the system forced vibration of strut-type wind tunnel model the characteristics of and
Harm, dynamic, precisely in real time the model Vibration Condition under acquisition blowing state, to range of angles of attack, the number for improving wind tunnel test
All have having very great significance according to the accuracy of measurement and the safety of production.
Currently, the main method of domestic external pelivimetry wind tunnel model vibration parameters be installed on model acceleration transducer,
Strain transducer, oscillatory pressure pick-up, optoelectronic position sensitive detector use Optotrak optical tracking measuring instrument and view
The methods of frequency measurement.But the difficulty of installation acceleration and strain transducer is larger on small-scale model, these methods are more suitable
Together in the test model of larger size, there is certain application limitation；Optotrak measurement method must be in mode shape face
The upper concordant Marker point for being embedded in the approximate infrared light of sending, needs to carry out aperture processing to test model；Video measuring method energy
The attitude angle of enough real-time measurement models, but that there are data processing amounts is big, data sampling frequency is low, calibration system early period is difficult numerous
The defects of trivial, expensive.
In wind tunnel test, balance is the important equipment for measuring dummy vehicle aerodynamic force, can be will act on model
Air force and torque is decomposed along three orthogonal reference axis and precise measurement.Wherein strain balance is using integrated bullet
Property body structure designs and is furnished with multiple elastic elements, and it is each to model to realize to measure the dependent variable of each sensing element by foil gauge
Aerodynamic force/torque measurement suffered by direction, strong, small in size, flexible design, easy for installation, high sensitivity, fatigue with function
The advantages that service life is long is suitable for all kinds of wind-tunnel.Currently, being largely based on the good static characteristic of strain balance in wind tunnel test
Measurement acts on permanent air force (static load) on test model, and the dynamic characteristic for having ignored strain balance itself,
Although the presence between the dimension of balance the problems such as Dynamic Coupling error, inertia force compensating error, frequency characteristic and dynamic response time
The dynamic test speed and measuring accuracy of strain balance are reduced, resulting in strain balance, there are certain dynamic measurement errors.
But the Vibration Condition of model in the monitoring wind tunnel test of its dynamic characteristic is utilized, the safety of guarantee wind tunnel test operation is can
Meet requirement and practicable.
Summary of the invention
In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to operate, applied widely, practical
Property strong wind tunnel test during the monitoring method vibrated of model.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of model vibration monitoring method in the wind tunnel test based on balance signal, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the installation gentle model in day, and model is leveled, connect non-filtered signal cable and low-pass filter signal electricity
Cable；
Step 2: the system parameter of setting signal conditioning device and data collection system；
Step 3: under wind-tunnel calm condition, the initial reading of the non-filtered signal of balance and the low-pass filtering of balance are acquired
The initial reading of signal, under wind-tunnel windy condition, acquire same time period in balance non-filtered continuous signal and balance it is low
Pass filter continuous signal calculates under corresponding windy condition with the signal difference under calm condition, obtains the non-filtered letter of balance
The low-pass filter signal increment of number increment and balance；
Step 4: using the angular flexibility calculation formula of supporting mechanism, the corresponding non-filtered signal of balance increment signal is calculated
The difference of angular flexibility and filtering signal angular flexibility, non-filtered signal angular flexibility and filtering signal angular flexibility is vibrating elastic angle；
Step 5: it by calculating the vibrating elastic angle under continuous state, is realized and is monitored according to the variable quantity at vibrating elastic angle
The real-time Vibration Condition of test model in wind tunnel test.
Wherein: non-filtered signal refers to that balance signal by being directly accessed acquisition equipment after amplification, is not filtered；It is low
Bandpass filtered signal refers to that balance signal first passes through low-pass filter, access acquisition equipment after then amplifying.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, using the angular flexibility calculation formula of supporting mechanism, the increasing of the non-filtered signal of balance is calculated
Measure corresponding non-filtered angular flexibility, the calculation formula of non-filtered angular flexibility are as follows:
In formula: Fy is the non-filtered augmented resistance signal that strain gauge balance measures, and Fz is the non-filter that strain gauge balance measures
Wave yaw forces increment signal, Mx are the non-filtered rolling moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures, and My is strain gauge balance survey
The non-filtered yawing increment signal obtained, Mz are the non-filtered pitching moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures.To answer
The angular flexibility correction factor of variant balance Fy component,For the angular flexibility correction factor of strain gauge balance Mz component,To answer
The angular flexibility correction factor of variant balance Fz component,For the angular flexibility correction factor of strain gauge balance My component,To answer
The angular flexibility correction factor of variant balance Mx component.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, using the angular flexibility calculation formula of supporting mechanism, balance low-pass filter signal is calculated
The corresponding low-pass filtering angular flexibility of increment, the calculation formula of the low-pass filtering angular flexibility are as follows:
In formula: Fy ' is the low-pass filtering augmented resistance signal that strain gauge balance measures, and Fz ' is what strain gauge balance measured
Low-pass filtering yaw forces increment signal, Mx ' are the low-pass filtering rolling moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures, and My ' is to answer
The low-pass filtering yawing increment signal that variant balance measures, Mz ' are the low-pass filtering pitching moment that strain gauge balance measures
Increment signal.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the real-time angular variable quantity on the basis of benchmark angle of attack position, vibrating elastic angle is by following
Formula calculates:
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the supporting mechanism is long cantilever branching rod structure, including sequentially connected strain-type day
Flat, strut, connector and dynamometry middle bracket.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the strain gauge balance is six component force sensors, be can be used on measurement model
Three direction force and three yawning moments.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention only needs the gentle acquisition equipment in the conventional day of typical load cell test, does not need expensive special
Vibration measurement and analysis equipment；When test, does not need that acceleration transducer is either internally or externally installed in model, eliminate
The process of acceleration transducer is installed；
The present invention only needs the angular flexibility calculation formula using supporting mechanism, calculates non-filtered angular flexibility and low-pass filtering bullet
Property angle difference as vibrating elastic angle, can in real-time monitoring test model Vibration Condition, calculating process is simple；
It is compared with the traditional method, test is simple and efficient, and time saving and energy saving, efficiency significantly improves；
Test method of the invention is the Vibration Condition for making full use of wind-tunnel routine test equipment to test out model, has behaviour
Make the features such as easy, reliable for operation, high-efficient, conventional wind-tunnel can be used.
Detailed description of the invention
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is model installing mechanism general structure schematic diagram in wind tunnel test；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of strain gauge balance coordinate system；
Wherein: 1 is dynamometry middle bracket, and 2 be connector, and 3 be strut, and 4 be balance, and 5 be balance outgoing cable, and 6 be model,
7 be signal conditioner, and 8 be wind tunnel data acquisition system, and 9 be data collection system monitoring computer, and 10 be data continuous acquisition
Software, 11 be model vibration monitoring software, and 12 be non-filtering cable, and 13 be low-pass filtering cable.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, abstract and attached drawing), except non-specifically chatting
It states, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purpose.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is only
It is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
It as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, is test model installing mechanism general structure schematic diagram of the invention, it includes test mould
Type, strain gauge balance, strut, connector, dynamometry middle bracket, data line, data collection system and data processor.Test model
It is connect with balance front end, balance tail portion is connect with strut front end, strut is connect by connector with dynamometry middle bracket.Strain-type day
Flat, strut, connector and dynamometry middle bracket are the supporting mechanism of test model, which is long cantilever branching rod structure, by
Flexible deformation can be generated after to external load function.The angular flexibility due to caused by external air loads is known as load increment angular flexibility,
The load increment angular flexibility in each direction is related to the load increment of six components that strain gauge balance measures, and then can benefit
Load increases in real time during blowing is calculated with the output signal of load increment angular flexibility calculation formula and strain gauge balance
It measures angular flexibility and can be used for monitoring the real-time vibration feelings of test model in wind tunnel test according to the real-time angular variable quantity of angular flexibility
Condition.
Specific implementation process are as follows:
A kind of model vibration monitoring method in the wind tunnel test based on balance signal, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: installation balance and model, and level model；Connect non-filtered signal cable and low-pass filter signal electricity
Cable；
Step 2: the low-pass filtering cutoff frequency of setting signal conditioning device and the sample frequency of data collection system, letter
Number conditioning device is Pacific 70A amplifier, and low-pass filtering cutoff frequency is set as 1Hz, and amplification factor is set as 500 times；
Acquisition system uses the E1413C data collecting card based on vxi bus, and the acquisition system sample frequency of the present embodiment is set as
The channel 300Hz//second；
Step 3: acquiring the initial reading of the non-filtered signal of balance and the low-pass filtering of balance under wind-tunnel calm condition
The initial reading of signal, under wind-tunnel windy condition, acquire same time period in balance non-filtered continuous signal and balance it is low
Pass filter continuous signal calculates under corresponding windy condition with the signal difference under calm condition, obtains the non-filtered letter of balance
The low-pass filter signal increment of number increment and balance；
Step 4: it is corresponding non-to calculate non-filtered balance increment signal using the angular flexibility calculation formula of supporting mechanism
Angular flexibility is filtered, the calculation formula of non-filtered angular flexibility is
In formula: Fy is the non-filtered augmented resistance signal that strain gauge balance measures, and Fz is the non-filter that strain gauge balance measures
Wave yaw forces increment signal, Mx are the non-filtered rolling moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures, and My is strain gauge balance survey
The non-filtered yawing increment signal obtained, Mz are the non-filtered pitching moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures.To answer
The angular flexibility correction factor of variant balance Fy component,For the angular flexibility correction factor of strain gauge balance Mz component,To answer
The angular flexibility correction factor of variant balance Fz component,For the angular flexibility correction factor of strain gauge balance My component,For
The angular flexibility correction factor of strain gauge balance Mx component.Angular flexibility correction factor can be before blowing test when the calibration of strain balance
It is calculated by balance load.
Step 5: the balance increment signal for calculating low-pass filtering is corresponding using the angular flexibility calculation formula of supporting mechanism
The calculation formula of low-pass filtering angular flexibility, low-pass filtering angular flexibility is；
In formula: Fy ' is the low-pass filtering augmented resistance signal that strain gauge balance measures, and Fz ' is what strain gauge balance measured
Low-pass filtering yaw forces increment signal, Mx ' are the low-pass filtering rolling moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures, and My ' is to answer
The low-pass filtering yawing increment signal that variant balance measures, Mz ' are the low-pass filtering pitching moment that strain gauge balance measures
Increment signal.
Step 6: assumed (specified) load increment angular flexibility is real-time angular of test model on the basis of its benchmark angle of attack position
Variable quantity can be used for monitoring the real-time Vibration Condition of test model in wind tunnel test, vibrating elastic angle calculation formula are as follows:
To sum up, the present invention is using three direction force and three sides suffered on model in strain gauge balance measurement wind tunnel test
To torque, data processor is passed to by data line and data collection system, data processor calls load increment angular flexibility meter
Formula is calculated, real-time angular variable quantity of test model on the basis of its benchmark angle of attack position can be calculated, and then monitor wind tunnel test
The real-time Vibration Condition of middle test model.
The invention is not limited to specific embodiments above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of model vibration monitoring method in wind tunnel test based on balance signal, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: the installation gentle model in day, and model is leveled, connect non-filtered signal cable and low-pass filter signal cable；
Step 2: the system parameter of setting signal conditioning device and data collection system；
Step 3: under wind-tunnel calm condition, the initial reading of the non-filtered signal of balance and the low-pass filter signal of balance are acquired
Initial reading, under wind-tunnel windy condition, acquire same time period in the non-filtered continuous signal of balance and the low pass filtered of balance
Wave continuous signal is calculated with the signal difference under calm condition under corresponding windy condition, and the non-filtered signal for obtaining balance increases
The low-pass filter signal increment of amount and balance；
Step 4: using the angular flexibility calculation formula of supporting mechanism, the corresponding non-filtered signal elasticity of balance increment signal is calculated
The difference of angle and filtering signal angular flexibility, non-filtered signal angular flexibility and filtering signal angular flexibility is vibrating elastic angle；
Step 5: by calculating the vibrating elastic angle under continuous state, monitoring wind-tunnel is realized according to the variable quantity at vibrating elastic angle
The real-time Vibration Condition of test model in test.
2. model vibration monitoring method in a kind of wind tunnel test based on balance signal according to claim 1, feature
It is the angular flexibility calculation formula using supporting mechanism, calculates the corresponding non-filtered angular flexibility of increment of the non-filtered signal of balance,
The calculation formula of non-filtered angular flexibility are as follows:
In formula: Fy is the non-filtered augmented resistance signal that strain gauge balance measures, and Fz measures non-filtered inclined for strain gauge balance
Navigate power increment signal, and Mx is the non-filtered rolling moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures, and My is what strain gauge balance measured
Non-filtered yawing increment signal, Mz are the non-filtered pitching moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures.For strain-type
The angular flexibility correction factor of balance Fy component,For the angular flexibility correction factor of strain gauge balance Mz component,For strain-type
The angular flexibility correction factor of balance Fz component,For the angular flexibility correction factor of strain gauge balance My component,For strain
The angular flexibility correction factor of formula balance Mx component.
3. model vibration monitoring method in a kind of wind tunnel test based on balance signal according to claim 1, feature
It is the angular flexibility calculation formula using supporting mechanism, calculates the corresponding low-pass filtering elasticity of increment of balance low-pass filter signal
Angle, the calculation formula of the low-pass filtering angular flexibility are as follows:
In formula: Fy ' is the low-pass filtering augmented resistance signal that strain gauge balance measures, and Fz ' is the low pass that strain gauge balance measures
Yaw forces increment signal is filtered, Mx ' is the low-pass filtering rolling moment increment signal that strain gauge balance measures, and My ' is strain-type
The low-pass filtering yawing increment signal that balance measures, Mz ' are the low-pass filtering pitching moment increment that strain gauge balance measures
Signal.
4. model vibration monitoring method in a kind of wind tunnel test based on balance signal according to claim 2 or 3, special
Sign is the real-time angular variable quantity on the basis of benchmark angle of attack position, and vibrating elastic angle is calculated by following formula:
5. model vibration monitoring method in a kind of wind tunnel test based on balance signal according to claim 1, feature
It is that the supporting mechanism is in the middle part of long cantilever branching rod structure, including sequentially connected strain gauge balance, strut, connector and dynamometry
Bracket.
6. model vibration monitoring method in a kind of wind tunnel test based on balance signal according to claim 5, feature
It is that the strain gauge balance is six component force sensors, three direction force and three direction force that can be used on measurement model
Square.
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