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CN110102768A - A kind of method and its series 3D printing metal powder of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die - Google Patents

A kind of method and its series 3D printing metal powder of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110102768A
CN110102768A CN201910515168.9A CN201910515168A CN110102768A CN 110102768 A CN110102768 A CN 110102768A CN 201910515168 A CN201910515168 A CN 201910515168A CN 110102768 A CN110102768 A CN 110102768A
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China
Prior art keywords
raw material
knife die
printing
engraving knife
iron
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CN201910515168.9A
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CN110102768B (en
Inventor
刘军
王臻
赵风君
谭米雪
逄静静
刘博�
许淑溶
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Central South University
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Central South University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065—Spherical particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/007—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die and its serial 3D printing metal powders, comprising the following steps: (1) deploys corresponding 3D printing metal powder raw material；(2) according to engraving knife die structure, the digital model of modeling software design engraving knife die is used；(3) according to engraving knife die size, completing substrate processing；(4) digital model is imported into metal 3D printing equipment, completes the initial knife edge of cladding layer of engraving knife die on substrate using metal 3D printing；(5) high-precision Carving Machining is carried out according to the initial knife edge of cladding layer of the digital model to engraving knife die, completes the final molding of the knife edge.The method of the present invention is a kind of economic, efficiently, environmentally friendly engraving knife die manufacturing technology method, it can be while inheriting tradition engraving knife die excellent performance, the drawbacks such as the operation wastage of material for avoiding traditional engraving knife die is serious, difficulty is big, the period is long apply important in inhibiting for manufacturing technology innovation and the metal 3D printing of engraving knife die.

Description

A kind of method and its series 3D printing metal powder of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die
Technical field
The invention belongs to cutting die molding fabrication techniques field, it is related to a kind of method of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die and its is Column 3D printing metal powder, in particular to a kind of manufactured based on the increase and decrease material of metal 3D printing and high-precision automatic engraving technology are carved The method of icking tool mould and its serial 3D printing metal powder.
Background technique
Mold plays very important effect in contemporary industry production field, injection molding, blow molding, extrusion in industrial production, Die casting or the methods of forging and forming, smelting, punching press require mainly to pass through changing for physical state of the formed material using to mold Become the processing to realize article shape, is known as the title of " mother of industry ".Cutting die is more commonly used product in cross cutting industry, It is generally used for stamping out the shape of required die cutting product, outside printing packaging, plastics package, leather, toy, automobile, mobile phone Shell, flexible circuit board etc. have important application, product can be made to carry out efficient mass production by cutting die, avoided The inefficiency problem manufactured one by one.Cutting die be broadly divided into laser cutter mould, engraving knife die, aluminium sheet cutting die, etching cutting die, cutting die, Stripping cutting die etc., wherein engraving knife die and laser cutter mould are the most commonly used, and cutting die precision is higher, and service life is longer.Laser Cutting die mainly carries out high depth ablation to cutting die plate using the strong energy of laser, to achieve the purpose that install cutter.Swash Light-knife die cutter processes cutting die technique, and with designing, simple, error is small, work efficiency is high.Relative to laser cutter mould, graver The precision of mould is higher, can be controlled in ± 0.03MM, and the precision of laser cutter mould is in ± 0.1MM.Haveing excellent performance for engraving knife die, can It bears with high punching press number, and can repeatedly study for a second time courses one has flunked the knife edge.It but is knife because its precision is high, the advantages that being unlikely to deform Film forms preferable method.
Engraving knife die substrate is generally adopted by planar substrates, is produced by impacting one by one on machined material Operation, in order to further increase production efficiency, planar substrates are gradually replaced cylindrical base, i.e., in the arch of cylindrical base The knife edge is processed on face, this kind of engraving knife die is known as (dise knife), processes by way of rolling " printing " to rapidoprint Production, the working efficiency that roller operating efficiency significantly larger than impacts one by one.But the process time of engraving knife die compares laser cutter mould More 2 times or more are wanted, it includes the wire cutting of shape and the processing of material-dropping hole that traditional engraving knife die, which will carry out substrate wire cutting, is gone back later Carry out numerically-controlled machine tool roughing, numerically-controlled machine tool is according to designed cutting die model by knife edge part from entirely cutting come (can To be worked into knife line width as 0.5mm), even if the initial knife edge of the mold of cutting die can be highlighted on substrate in the form of embossment, it is The sharpness of the knife edge of later period finishing and the finish of knife edge side provide basis；Then need by working continuously to initial Engraving knife die carries out multiple vacuum high-temperature heat treatment, promotes the hardness of initial cutting die (not less than 50HRC)；Finally make again With numerical control machine tool, to treated, initial cutting die carries out retrofit, carries out last knife edge processing and forming, makes cutting die The knife edge is sharp, any surface finish, finally obtains engraving knife die finished product.Initial knife edge forming process is needed the region of non-blade position Fully erased, the removing of one side large area causes a large amount of wastes of material, and difficulty of processing is also therefore elongated with the period.Another party Face, it is poor that a large amount of cutting removing causes working environment.It simultaneously must be to initial in order to make cutting die reach ideal grade Cutting die carries out multiple high temp heat treatment, and the high-temperature heat treatment period is longer, and heat treatment process considerably increases engraving knife die Manufacturing cycle, heat treatment operation process is more stringent, increases difficulty to engraving knife die manufacturing process.
Metal 3D printing is the direction that have developed rapidly in recent years, very high using valence in having for material increasing field Value, many metal 3D printing equipment can produce strong cured type structure devices, stress member and functor at present, become 3D printing The technology of manufacture is most possibly directly used in field, application field spreads aerospace, health care, instrument manufacturing, electricity Sub-industry etc..Metal 3D printing is divided into Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), selective laser melting technology (SLM), directly gold Belong to exciting sintering technology (DMLS) and laser engineering purification molding (LENS), laser powder molding (LPF) etc..Wherein select Property laser melting process (SLM) with and laser engineering purification molding (LENS) metal 3D printing field achieve well at Effect, SLM are then to use superlaser by the way that powder body material laying on the table, and is heated the material to certain temperature Beam melts powder body material, and cladding material and matrix form very strong metallurgical bonding, and the powder body material not being scanned still at The powdered support as workpiece, after one layer of scanning is completed, workbench declines a layer height, and carries out next layer of powdering, weight The multiple above process is completed three-dimensionally shaped.Selective laser melting technology (SLM) precision with higher, compactness up to 100%, Suitable for complicated, high-performance metal device, and there is very high shaping speed and shaping efficiency.Laser engineering purification molding (LENS) different from selective laser melting technology (SLM), in laser engineering purification molding (LENS) technique, laser irradiation nozzle The powder stream of conveying, i.e. laser are worked at the same time with conveying powder, cladding material are sent directly into laser, therefore do not need SLM Workbench equipped with powder.LENS also possesses higher formed precision, and it is three-dimensional to be also applied for complicated high performance metal Molding, while can also guarantee preferable shaping efficiency.
Cladding layer cladding is set to exist by cladding principle adjustable high rigidity metal powder by metal 3D printing technique The initial knife edge is formed on substrate, then the initial knife edge that cladding layer is constituted is subjected to numerically-controlled machine tool finishing, engraving knife die can be completed Manufacturing process.Full-automatic high-precision control system is that the precision of engraving knife die provides a strong guarantee.Pass through metal 3D printing The initial knife edge that cladding is formed, which avoids, reduces cost of manufacture and fabrication cycle, reduces environmental pollution.The initial knife edge of cladding High rigidity characteristic, improve its hardness without carrying out the operation of multiple vacuum heat treatment, this process not only further shortens Process-cycle, but also processing cost is minimized.
A kind of manufactured based on the increase and decrease material of metal 3D printing and high-precision automatic engraving technology proposed by the present invention is carved The method of cutting die and its serial 3D printing metal powder are a kind of economic, efficiently, environmentally friendly engraving knife die manufacturing technology methods, are being protected While properties needed for demonstrate,proving cutting die, reduces wastage of material and fabrication cycle, avoid complicated for operation, operation difficulty mistake Big problem.More preferably method is provided for engraving knife die molding, possesses very high market application prospect and market price Value, and the manufacturing technology of engraving knife die is innovated with metal 3D printing using important in inhibiting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the increase and decrease materials of a kind of simple process, economical and efficient, environmental protection to manufacture engraving knife die Method and its serial 3D printing metal powder.
To achieve the goals above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: it is a kind of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die method, The following steps are included:
(1) according to engraving knife die performance requirement, corresponding 3D printing metal powder raw material is deployed；
(2) according to engraving knife die structure, the digital model of modeling software design engraving knife die is used；
(3) according to engraving knife die size, completing substrate processing；
(4) digital model is imported into metal 3D printing equipment, completes engraving knife die on substrate using metal 3D printing The initial knife edge of cladding layer；
(5) high-precision engraving is carried out according to the initial knife edge of cladding layer of the digital model to engraving knife die obtained by step (4) Processing, completes the final molding of the knife edge.
Preferably, in step (1), the 3D printing metal powder raw material is the adjustable micron order 3D printing of alloy element component With spherical powder, which is ferrous alloy system, nickel-base alloy system, iron-based-tungsten carbide system, Ni-based-tungsten carbide system In any one；
Any one of the ferrous alloy system in A, B, C, D group；
Wherein, A group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.10~2.60%, silicon 1.00~1.60%, manganese 0 ~2.0%, chromium 15.11~24.00%, tungsten 0~6.75%, nickel 0~2.50%, boron 0~2.00%, iron is surplus, each raw material The sum of percentage is 100%；Manufactured ferrous alloy hardness is up to 60HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless；
B group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.8%~1.20%, silicon > 0.30%, manganese > 0.30%, sulphur >=0.03%, phosphorus >=0.03%, chromium 3.40%~4.60%, vanadium 0.85%~1.41%, tungsten 1.10%~1.90%, molybdenum 9.00%~10.00%, cobalt 7.70%~8.40%, iron is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；It is manufactured iron-based Alloy rigidity is up to 60HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless；
C group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.80%~1.20%, silicon >=0.20%, and manganese 0.15%~ 0.40%, sulphur 0~0.03%, phosphorus 0~0.03%, chromium 3.70%~4.50%, vanadium 1.75%~2.30%, tungsten 5.40%~ 6.80%, molybdenum 4.50%~5.60%, cobalt 0.80%~5.50%, iron is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；System At ferrous alloy hardness up to 60HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless；
D group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.90%~1.01%, silicon 0.90%~1.5%, manganese 0.30%~0.33%, chromium 7.91%~8.01%, vanadium 0.21%~2.81%, molybdenum 1.90%~2.01%, iron is surplus, respectively The sum of Material Percentage is 100%；Manufactured ferrous alloy hardness is up to 60HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless；
The nickel-base alloy system is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.10%~0.82%, silicon 2.50% ~4.50%, boron 0.50%~3.60%, iron 2.10%~26.03%, chromium 5.30%~18.00%, nickel is surplus, each raw material The sum of percentage is 100%；Manufactured nickel-base alloy hardness is up to 55HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless；
Iron-based-tungsten carbide the system is made of by weight percentage following raw material: the ferrous alloy system 70%~ 95%, tungsten carbide 5%~30%, the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；Manufactured alloy rigidity is up to 70HRC or more, alloy Pore-free, flawless；
Ni-based-tungsten carbide the system is made of by weight percentage following raw material: the nickel-base alloy system 70%~ 95%, tungsten carbide 5%~30%, the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；Manufactured alloy rigidity is up to 65HRC or more, alloy Pore-free, flawless.
Preferably, in step (2), the modeling software is using any one in Solidworks, CAD.
Preferably, the substrate processing in the step (3), the high-precision Carving Machining in step (5), are all by high-precision What degree digital control lathe was completed, machining accuracy is 1 μm.
Preferably, in step (3), the substrate is metal flat substrate or cylindrical base.
Preferably, in step (4), the metal 3D printing includes that selective laser melting technology (SLM), laser engineering are net Any one in chemical conversion type (LENS).
In the present invention, cladding layer (line style, the face of various patterns and size can be formed on substrate by metal 3D printing Type), and cladding layer is stackable (i.e. multi-pass cladding), forms the initial knife edge of cladding layer in substrate by model cootrol, and The initial knife edge hardness property with higher for ensuring to be formed by metal 3D printing.
Further, the printing precision of the selective laser melting technology is 0.1mm；The laser engineering purification is molding Printing precision is 0.2mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is iron-based Alloy system, any one of the ferrous alloy system in A, B, C, D group；
Wherein, A group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.10~2.60%, silicon 1.00~1.60%, manganese 0 ~2.0%, chromium 15.11~24.00%, tungsten 0~6.75%, nickel 0~2.50%, boron 0~2.00%, iron is surplus, each raw material The sum of percentage is 100%；Manufactured ferrous alloy hardness is up to 50HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless；
B group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.8%~1.20%, silicon > 0.30%, manganese > 0.30%, sulphur >=0.03%, phosphorus >=0.03%, chromium 3.40%~4.60%, vanadium 0.85%~1.41%, tungsten 1.10%~1.90%, molybdenum 9.00%~10.00%, cobalt 7.70%~8.40%, iron is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；It is manufactured iron-based Alloy rigidity is up to 50HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless；
C group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.80%~1.20%, silicon >=0.20%, and manganese 0.15%~ 0.40%, sulphur 0~0.03%, phosphorus 0~0.03%, chromium 3.70%~4.50%, vanadium 1.75%~2.30%, tungsten 5.40%~ 6.80%, molybdenum 4.50%~5.60%, cobalt 0.80%~5.50%, iron is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；System At ferrous alloy hardness up to 60HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless；
D group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.90%~1.01%, silicon 0.90%~1.5%, manganese 0.30%~0.33%, chromium 7.91%~8.01%, vanadium 0.21%~2.81%, molybdenum 1.90%~2.01%, iron is surplus, respectively The sum of Material Percentage is 100%；Manufactured ferrous alloy hardness is up to 50HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless.
The present invention also provides a kind of adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is Ni-based Alloy system, the nickel-base alloy system are made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.10%~0.82%, silicon 2.50% ~4.50%, boron 0.50%~3.60%, iron 2.10%~26.03%, chromium 5.30%~18.00%, nickel is surplus, each raw material The sum of percentage is 100%；Manufactured nickel-base alloy hardness is up to 55HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless.
The present invention also provides a kind of adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is iron Base-tungsten carbide system, is made of by weight percentage following raw material: the ferrous alloy system 70%~95%, tungsten carbide 5% ~30%, the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；Manufactured alloy rigidity is up to 70HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless.
The present invention also provides a kind of adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is nickel Base-tungsten carbide body, is made of by weight percentage following raw material: the nickel-base alloy system 70%~95%, and tungsten carbide 5%~ 30%, the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；Manufactured alloy rigidity is up to 65HRC or more, alloy pore-free, flawless.
In the present invention, adjustable high rigidity metal powder is made by cladding principle by cladding by metal 3D printing technique Layer cladding forms the initial knife edge on substrate, then the initial knife edge that cladding layer is constituted is carried out numerically-controlled machine tool finishing and can be completed Engraving knife die manufacturing process.
Advantageous effects of the invention:
Compared with the manufacture of traditional engraving knife die, on the one hand, metal 3D printing technique has full-automatic high-precision control System guarantees the operation of whole process efficiently and accurately, and then provides a strong guarantee for the precision of engraving knife die；On the other hand, lead to The initial knife edge for crossing metal 3D printing cladding formation avoids the molding cutting process of traditional initial knife edge, greatly reduces processing Cost and process-cycle also avoid the excess destruction to environment；Meanwhile cladding layer dense internal organization, and cladding material Very strong metallurgical bonding is formed with matrix, the combination bond strength (400~1600MPa) of this dense form is much higher than plating (8~12MPa) and spraying (6~8MPa), ensure that the reliable connection of the knife edge and substrate.Metal 3D printing forms initial knife edge mistake Journey belongs to rapid quenching, thus the initial knife edge its own the characteristic of high rigidity is just provided with after the completion of printing, avoid tradition The operation of the multiple vacuum heat treatment of engraving knife die, so that the manufacturing cycle of engraving knife die further greatly shortens, processing cost It drops therewith.
A kind of manufactured based on the increase and decrease material of metal 3D printing and high-precision automatic engraving technology proposed by the present invention is carved The method of cutting die and its serial 3D printing metal powder are a kind of economic, efficiently, environmentally friendly engraving knife die manufacturing technology method, energy Enough while inheriting tradition engraving knife die excellent performance, the operation wastage of material for avoiding traditional engraving knife die is serious, difficult The drawbacks such as degree is big, the period is long provide more preferably method for engraving knife die molding, possess very high market application prospect With market value, and for the manufacturing technology of engraving knife die innovation with metal 3D printing apply important in inhibiting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the initial knife edge of cladding layer and final knife edge simulation drawing of the cutting die on planar substrates；
In figure: 10- planar substrates；The initial knife edge of 11- cladding layer；12- planar substrates process hole；13- planar substrates are final The knife edge.
Fig. 2 is the initial knife edge of cladding layer and final knife edge simulation drawing of the cutting die on cylindrical base substrate；
In figure: the initial knife edge of 21- cladding layer；22- cylindrical base；The final knife edge of 23- cylindrical base.
Fig. 3 is the pictorial diagram of the initial knife edge of planar substrates.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the initial knife edge of planar substrates.
Fig. 5 is the pictorial diagram of the final knife edge of planar substrates.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments, based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill Personnel's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention, Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to engraving knife die performance requirement, deploy corresponding 3D printing metal powder raw material-ferrous alloy system, will Ferrous alloy system micron powder carries out drying operation using drying box, dispels micro-powder internal moisture；
Ferrous alloy system:
A group -80.74%Fe；0.13%C；1.09%Si；15.44%Cr；1.43%Ni；1.17%B；
B group -74.38%Fe；1.11%C；0.71%Si；0.53%Mn；0.04%S；0.04%P；3.72%Cr； 1.21%V；1.31%W；9.32%Mo；7.63%Co；
C group -80.98%Fe；0.81%C；0.31%Si；0.27%Mn；4.31%Cr；2.00%V；5.67%W； 4.66%Mo；0.99%Co；
D group -87.49%Fe；1.00%C；0.91%Si；0.32%Mn；8.00%Cr；0.28%V；2.00%Mo；
Step 2, according to engraving knife die structure, use the digital model of Solidworks design engraving knife die；
Step 3, according to digital model, processed by high-precision numerical control machine completing substrate, machining accuracy be 1 μm, will Substrate after working process is polished, and by sand paper polishing repairing substrate plane, keeps base plan flat and smooth, substrate finishing It is cleaned and is dried after complete；
Step 4, feeding system and the shaped platform position that the powder body material of drying is respectively put into metal 3D printing equipment, Digital model is imported into LENS equipment (model: LDM8060), completes the cladding of engraving knife die on substrate using SLM technology The initial knife edge of layer, printing precision 0.1mm；
Step 5, high-precision numerical control machine when moving to substrate are completed the final knife edge according to digital model and are formed, into And engraving knife die manufacturing process is completed, Fig. 1 is the initial knife edge of cladding layer and final knife edge simulation drawing of the cutting die on planar substrates.
Detect cutting die result: component A hardness: 50~65HRC, binding force is up to 1100MPa or more, pore-free, flawless；
B component hardness: 50~70HRC, binding force is up to 1000MPa or more, pore-free, flawless；
Component C hardness: 60~90HRC, binding force is up to 900MPa or more, pore-free, flawless；
D component hardness: 50~60HRC, binding force is up to 700MPa or more, pore-free, flawless.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to engraving knife die performance requirement, deploy corresponding 3D printing metal powder raw material-nickel-base alloy system, will Nickel-base alloy system micron powder carries out drying operation using drying box, dispels micro-powder internal moisture；
Nickel-base alloy system: component E -79.36%Ni；0.65%C；3.88%Si；2.31%B；2.87%Fe； 10.93%Cr；
Step 2, according to engraving knife die structure, use the digital model of Solidworks design engraving knife die；
Step 3, according to digital model, processed by high-precision numerical control machine completing substrate, machining accuracy be 1 μm, will Substrate after working process is polished, and by sand paper polishing repairing substrate plane, keeps base plan flat and smooth, substrate finishing It is cleaned and is dried after complete；
Step 4, feeding system and the shaped platform position that the powder body material of drying is respectively put into metal 3D printing equipment, Digital model is imported into LENS equipment (model: LDM8060), completes the cladding of engraving knife die on substrate using SLM technology The initial knife edge of layer, printing precision 0.1mm；
Step 5, high-precision numerical control machine when moving to substrate are completed the final knife edge according to digital model and are formed, into And engraving knife die manufacturing process is completed, Fig. 2 is that the initial knife edge of cladding layer of the cutting die in cylindrical base and the final knife edge are simulated Figure.
Detect cutting die result: component E hardness is up to 62HRC, and binding force is up to 600MPa or more, pore-free, flawless.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to engraving knife die performance requirement, deploy corresponding 3D printing metal powder raw material, raw material powder used Drying box carries out drying operation, dispels micro-powder internal moisture；
Iron-based-tungsten carbide system component -80%A component ferrous alloy the system of F component, 20%WC；
Ni-based-tungsten carbide system component -80%E component nickel-base alloy the system of G component, 20%WC；
Step 2, according to engraving knife die structure, use the digital model of Solidworks design engraving knife die；
Step 3, according to digital model, processed by high-precision numerical control machine completing substrate, machining accuracy be 1 μm, will Substrate after working process is polished, and by sand paper polishing repairing substrate plane, keeps base plan flat and smooth, substrate finishing It is cleaned and is dried after complete；
Digital model is imported LENS equipment (model: LDM8060) by step 4, is completed on substrate using LENS technology The initial knife edge of the cladding layer of engraving knife die, printing precision 0.2mm, pictorial diagram such as Fig. 3 of the initial knife edge of obtained planar substrates Shown in~4；
Step 5, high-precision numerical control machine when moving to substrate are completed the final knife edge according to digital model and are formed, into And engraving knife die manufacturing process is completed, Fig. 5 is the pictorial diagram of the final knife edge of gained planar substrates.
Detecting cutting die result: F component is iron-based-tungsten carbide system component hardness: up to 80HRC, binding force is up to 400MPa More than, pore-free, flawless.
G component is Ni-based-tungsten carbide system component hardness: up to 75HRC, binding force is up to 400MPa or more, pore-free, nothing Crackle.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation Example.To those of ordinary skill in the art, obtained improvement and change in the case where not departing from the technology of the present invention concept thereof It changes and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method of increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to engraving knife die performance requirement, corresponding 3D printing metal powder raw material is deployed；
(2) according to engraving knife die structure, the digital model of modeling software design engraving knife die is used；
(3) according to engraving knife die size, completing substrate processing；
(4) digital model is imported into metal 3D printing equipment, completes the molten of engraving knife die on substrate using metal 3D printing The initial knife edge of coating；
(5) high-precision Carving Machining is carried out according to the initial knife edge of cladding layer of the digital model to engraving knife die obtained by step (4), Complete the final molding of the knife edge.
2. the method for increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the 3D Printing metal powder raw material is the adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is ferrous alloy body System, nickel-base alloy system, iron-based-tungsten carbide system, any one in Ni-based-tungsten carbide system；
Any one of the ferrous alloy system in A, B, C, D group；
Wherein, A group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.10~2.60%, silicon 1.00~1.60%, and manganese 0~ 2.0%, chromium 15.11~24.00%, tungsten 0~6.75%, nickel 0~2.50%, boron 0~2.00%, iron is surplus, each raw material hundred Dividing the sum of ratio is 100%；
B group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.8%~1.20%, silicon > 0.30%, manganese > 0.30%, and sulphur >= 0.03%, phosphorus >=0.03%, chromium 3.40%~4.60%, vanadium 0.85%~1.41%, tungsten 1.10%~1.90%, molybdenum 9.00% ~10.00%, cobalt 7.70%~8.40%, iron is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；
C group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.80%~1.20%, silicon >=0.20%, and manganese 0.15%~ 0.40%, sulphur 0~0.03%, phosphorus 0~0.03%, chromium 3.70%~4.50%, vanadium 1.75%~2.30%, tungsten 5.40%~ 6.80%, molybdenum 4.50%~5.60%, cobalt 0.80%~5.50%, iron is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；
D group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.90%~1.01%, silicon 0.90%~1.5%, and manganese 0.30%~ 0.33%, chromium 7.91%~8.01%, vanadium 0.21%~2.81%, molybdenum 1.90%~2.01%, iron is surplus, each raw material percentage Than the sum of be 100%；
The nickel-base alloy system is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.10%~0.82%, and silicon 2.50%~ 4.50%, boron 0.50%~3.60%, iron 2.10%~26.03%, chromium 5.30%~18.00%, nickel is surplus, each raw material hundred Dividing the sum of ratio is 100%；
Iron-based-tungsten carbide the system is made of by weight percentage following raw material: the ferrous alloy system 70%~95%, Tungsten carbide 5%~30%, the sum of each Material Percentage are 100%；
Ni-based-tungsten carbide the system is made of by weight percentage following raw material: the nickel-base alloy system 70%~95%, Tungsten carbide 5%~30%, the sum of each Material Percentage are 100%.
3. the method for increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to build in step (2) Mould software is using any one in Solidworks, CAD.
4. the method for increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3) High-precision Carving Machining in substrate processing, step (5), is completed by high-precision numerical control machine, and machining accuracy is 1 μ m。
5. the method for increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that in step (3), institute Stating substrate is metal flat substrate or cylindrical base.
6. the method for increase and decrease material manufacture engraving knife die according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), the gold Belong to 3D printing include selective laser melting technology (SLM), laser engineering purification molding (LENS) in any one.
7. a kind of adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is characterized in that the spherical powder is iron-based conjunction Golden system, any one of the ferrous alloy system in A, B, C, D group；
Wherein, A group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.10~2.60%, silicon 1.00~1.60%, and manganese 0~ 2.0%, chromium 15.11~24.00%, tungsten 0~6.75%, nickel 0~2.50%, boron 0~2.00%, iron is surplus, each raw material hundred Dividing the sum of ratio is 100%；
B group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.8%~1.20%, silicon > 0.30%, manganese > 0.30%, and sulphur >= 0.03%, phosphorus >=0.03%, chromium 3.40%~4.60%, vanadium 0.85%~1.41%, tungsten 1.10%~1.90%, molybdenum 9.00% ~10.00%, cobalt 7.70%~8.40%, iron is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；
C group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.80%~1.20%, silicon >=0.20%, and manganese 0.15%~ 0.40%, sulphur 0~0.03%, phosphorus 0~0.03%, chromium 3.70%~4.50%, vanadium 1.75%~2.30%, tungsten 5.40%~ 6.80%, molybdenum 4.50%~5.60%, cobalt 0.80%~5.50%, iron is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%；
D group is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.90%~1.01%, silicon 0.90%~1.5%, and manganese 0.30%~ 0.33%, chromium 7.91%~8.01%, vanadium 0.21%~2.81%, molybdenum 1.90%~2.01%, iron is surplus, each raw material percentage Than the sum of be 100%.
8. a kind of adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is characterized in that the spherical powder is Ni-based conjunction Golden system is made of by weight percentage following raw material: carbon 0.10%~0.82%, silicon 2.50%~4.50%, boron 0.50% ~3.60%, iron 2.10%~26.03%, chromium 5.30%~18.00%, nickel is surplus, and the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%.
9. a kind of adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is characterized in that the spherical powder is iron-based-carbon Change tungsten system, is made of by weight percentage following raw material: the ferrous alloy system 70%~95%, tungsten carbide 5%~ 30%, the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%.
10. a kind of adjustable micron order 3D printing spherical powder of alloy element component, which is characterized in that the spherical powder be it is Ni-based- Tungsten carbide body is made of by weight percentage following raw material: the nickel-base alloy system 70%~95%, and tungsten carbide 5%~ 30%, the sum of each Material Percentage is 100%.
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