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CN110072231B - 用于配对的方法、配对装置以及遥控钥匙 - Google Patents

用于配对的方法、配对装置以及遥控钥匙 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110072231B
CN110072231B CN201811588335.4A CN201811588335A CN110072231B CN 110072231 B CN110072231 B CN 110072231B CN 201811588335 A CN201811588335 A CN 201811588335A CN 110072231 B CN110072231 B CN 110072231B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
key
control unit
key fob
fob device
pairing
Prior art date
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Application number
CN201811588335.4A
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English (en)
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CN110072231A (zh
Inventor
何金梦
埃里克·佩特斯
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Texas Instruments Inc
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Texas Instruments Inc
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Publication date
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Priority to CN201811588335.4A priority Critical patent/CN110072231B/zh
Publication of CN110072231A publication Critical patent/CN110072231A/zh
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Publication of CN110072231B publication Critical patent/CN110072231B/zh
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    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0819—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s)
    • H04L9/0822—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s) using key encryption key
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • H05B47/14—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining electrical parameters of the light source
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    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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    • H04L9/14—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using a plurality of keys or algorithms
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    • H04L9/3263—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements
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    • H04L9/3268—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements using certificate validation, registration, distribution or revocation, e.g. certificate revocation list [CRL]
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Abstract

本申请关于用于配对的方法、配对装置以及遥控钥匙。本发明涉及一种遥控钥匙‑控制单元配对装置(202)，其包含：收发器(306)，其经配置以发射及接收信号；存储器(304)，其经配置以存储遥控钥匙标识KFID及控制单元标识CUID；及处理器(302)，其耦合到所述收发器及存储器。所述处理器经配置以基于所述KFID使用标识ID验证密钥协商协议验证所述遥控钥匙且将经加密CUID发射到所述遥控钥匙。

Description

用于配对的方法、配对装置以及遥控钥匙
分案申请的相关信息
本案是分案申请。该分案的母案是申请日为2013年7月16日、申请号为PCT/US2013/050735的国际申请进入中国后发明名称为“用于配对的方法、配对装置以及遥控钥匙”的第201380035187.2号发明专利申请案。
技术领域
本申请是关于用于配对的方法、配对装置以及遥控钥匙。
背景技术
无线遥控钥匙及其相应交通工具可使用经加密操作密钥来验证在所述两者之间发生的通信。为了使遥控钥匙与交通工具能够通信，必须在制造或销售过程中的某一时刻对其进行配对。无线遥控钥匙与其相应交通工具的配对按惯例需要交通工具制造商向各种交通工具经销商递送与每一遥控钥匙相关联的秘密密钥，其中所述秘密密钥为密码密钥。可接着使用遥控钥匙的秘密密钥来使遥控钥匙与交通工具相关联，或将遥控钥匙与交通工具配对。通常，将多个遥控钥匙与每一交通工具配对。然而，此向交通工具经销商递送秘密密钥的步骤可能给秘密密钥的盗窃开放了导致未经授权遥控钥匙及潜在盗窃的途径，且这些遥控钥匙中的每一者必须存储秘密密钥的事实开放所述途径。
发明内容
上文所述的问题大部分通过遥控钥匙-控制单元配对装置解决，所述配对装置包含：收发器，其用以发射及接收信号；存储器，其用以存储遥控钥匙标识KFID及控制单元标识CUID；及处理器，其耦合到所述收发器及存储器。所述处理器用以基于所述KFID使用标识(ID)验证密钥协商协议验证所述遥控钥匙且将经加密CUID发射到所述遥控钥匙。
对所述问题的所述解决方案还可涉及一种遥控钥匙，其包含：收发器，其用以接收及发送信号；存储器，其用以存储遥控钥匙标识(KFID)；及处理器，其耦合到所述收发器及存储器。所述处理器用以连同配对装置一起基于所述KFID执行标识(ID)验证密钥协商协议以验证所述配对装置且产生仅被所述处理器及所述配对装置知晓的共用秘密加密密钥。所述处理器还用以从所述配对装置接收由所述配对装置借助所述共用秘密加密密钥加密的控制单元标识CUID，用以连同与所述CUID相关联的控制单元一起基于所述CUID执行(ID)验证密钥协商协议以验证所述控制单元且产生仅被所述处理器及所述控制单元知晓的第二共用秘密加密密钥，且用以从所述控制单元接收由所述控制单元借助所述第二共用秘密加密密钥加密的操作密钥。
且另一解决方案可为一种用于将遥控钥匙与交通工具配对的方法，其包含：由配对装置及遥控钥匙基于KFID执行(ID)验证密钥协商协议以彼此验证且产生加密密钥DHKey1；由所述配对装置借助DHKeyl将控制单元标识(CUID)加密；由所述配对装置将所述经加密CUID发射到遥控钥匙；由所述遥控钥匙及控制单元基于所述CUID执行(ID)验证密钥协商协议以彼此验证且产生加密密钥DHKey2；由所述控制单元借助DHKey2将操作密钥加密；及由所述控制单元将所述经加密操作密钥发射到所述遥控钥匙。
附图说明
图1图解说明用于根据本文中所论述的各种实例的基于标识(ID)的验证配对方法的实例性调节过程。
图2图解说明使用基于ID的验证且根据本文中所论述的各种实例的遥控钥匙与控制单元的实例性初始配对过程。
图3是根据本文中所论述的各种实例的实例性配对装置的框图。
图4是根据本文中所论述的各种实例的实例性遥控钥匙的框图。
图5是根据本文中所论述的各种实例的实例性控制单元的框图。
图6展示根据如本文中所论述的各种实例的在配对之后的经配对遥控钥匙与控制单元的实例性操作。
图7展示根据如本文中所论述的各种实例的由CU进行的操作密钥改变的实例。
图8是根据本文中所论述的各种实例的用于基于ID的验证的实例性方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
遥控钥匙与交通工具(例如，汽车、摩托车、船、小型摩托车等)的配对可需要安全信息的输送及使用以确保假冒遥控钥匙不与交通工具配对，假冒遥控钥匙与交通工具的配对可导致盗窃。完整常规过程可由交通工具制造商保密以确保其交通工具的安全性。然而，此过程可能需要制造商开发昂贵且专用的IT系统来产生秘密密钥且维持其安全性。然而，当交通工具被递送到经销商时，秘密密钥被传递下去使得可在最后目的地处对多个遥控钥匙进行配对。秘密密钥从制造商到经销商的输送可呈现导致伪劣及假冒遥控钥匙的秘密密钥被盗的机会。
除交通工具之外，所揭示方法还可用于将遥控钥匙与允许无线连接性及控制的任何类型的控制单元配对。例如，所揭示技术及装置可为车库门系统、酒店入口系统或家庭的远程进入的部分。如此，本发明的范围不限于交通工具的控制单元。交通工具及遥控钥匙与交通工具的一个或所有控制单元的配对的使用主要出于描述性目的。
本文中揭示的是用于将遥控钥匙与交通工具配对的装置及方法，其可避免秘密信息向经销商的输送且可减少交通工具制造商的IT需求。一种用以实现遥控钥匙与控制单元的配对的方法可涉及标识(ID)验证密钥协商协议，其中ID充当用于验证目的的口令。借助基于ID的验证方法，遥控钥匙及控制单元两者均可具有其自身的唯一相关联ID。所述ID可接着在密钥协商协议中使用来产生可用于在装置之间传递信息的共用秘密加密密钥，因此将遥控钥匙与控制单元配对。配对装置可首先使用遥控钥匙的ID产生与遥控钥匙的秘密密钥。所述秘密密钥可接着由配对装置使用来对控制单元的ID进行加密。经加密控制单元ID可接着发射到遥控钥匙，因此遥控钥匙知晓与哪一控制单元配对。遥控钥匙及控制单元可接着使用控制单元ID来产生仅被其知晓的第二秘密密钥。第二秘密密钥可接着由控制单元使用来对操作密钥进行加密，操作密钥将发射到遥控钥匙以完成配对过程。
其中ID充当用于验证的口令的ID验证密钥协商协议可基于椭圆曲线密码术(ECC)，例如椭圆曲线迪菲-赫尔曼(Diffie-Hellman)密钥协商协议。
基于ID的技术的可能优点为其可不需要成本高的公共密钥基础结构及证书授权机构。
图1图解说明用于根据本文中所论述的各种实例的基于标识(ID)的验证配对方法的实例性调节过程100。调节过程100可使遥控钥匙及CU准备好，以便促进所述两者的配对。调节过程可涉及交通工具经销商112、交通工具制造商110、遥控钥匙106及CU104。替代地，交通工具经销商112在调节过程100中的部分可在将遥控钥匙与CU配对时发生且不必如图1中所展示执行。调节过程100可涉及将唯一ID插入到CU 104(CUID)及遥控钥匙106(KFID)中。CU 104的唯一ID可被保秘且可由交通工具制造商110或对交通工具制造商110的CU 104供应商插入到CU 104中。举例来说，遥控钥匙及CU两者的唯一ID可为八字符十六进制字。替代地，ID可基于允许大量排列以避免所使用的ID内的冗余的系统。ID可经选择使得假冒者/对手不能预测经销商112可在接下来的配对中使用哪一遥控钥匙106(及其相关联KFID)。八字符十六进制ID将产生约40亿种可能性。
交通工具制造商110可将相关联CU 104的CUID发送到交通工具经销商112，交通工具经销商112接收包含那些CU 104的交通工具。CUID到经销商112的传送应经执行使得CUID被保秘。经拦截CUID可允许产生假冒遥控钥匙，所述假冒遥控钥匙可与CU配对而无需经销商112的帮助，此可能导致盗窃。
遥控钥匙106可具有其唯一ID(KFID)，所述KFID不必保密且可从遥控钥匙106读取，由遥控钥匙制造商102、遥控钥匙组装者或交通工具制造商110插入。
图2图解说明使用基于ID的验证且根据本文中所论述的各种实例的遥控钥匙与控制单元的实例性初始配对过程200。初始配对200可涉及配对装置202(在经销商112处)、遥控钥匙106及CU 104。类似于上文所论述的基于证书的验证方法，配对装置202可通过将标识信息安全地传送到所述组件中的一者以用来连接到其它组件而促进遥控钥匙106与CU104的配对。
配对过程200可在步骤1a处以经销商112从库存中的许多遥控钥匙中选择一个遥控钥匙106开始。在选择时且在整个配对过程中，遥控钥匙106的KFID应被保密。步骤1b，经销商112可接着将相关联遥控钥匙106的KFID及CU 104的CUID秘密地输入到配对装置202中。
配对装置202可接着建立与遥控钥匙106的通信，步骤2a。使用KFID，配对装置及遥控钥匙106可接着执行ID验证密钥协商协议，其中ID充当用于验证目的的口令。ID验证密钥协商协议可执行两个功能：使两个组件彼此进行验证及产生所述两个组件可使用来在彼此间发射经加密消息的共用秘密密钥。因此，当配对装置202及遥控钥匙使用KFID执行ID验证密钥协商协议时，其彼此验证且其将产生共用秘密密钥DHKeyl来用于与彼此的安全通信。在步骤2b处，配对装置202可使用DHKeyl将CUID加密且将经加密CUID发射到遥控钥匙106。
遥控钥匙106可能够将消息解密以获得CUID，CUID可接着用于建立与和所接收CUID相关联的CU 104的通信。在步骤3a处，遥控钥匙106及CU 104可接着使用CUID执行基于ID的加密验证(类似于上文)以既彼此验证又产生共用秘密密钥DHKey2。在步骤3b处，CU104可接着使用DHKey2来将OpKey加密以发射到遥控钥匙106。另外或替代地，遥控钥匙106可在与CU 104的初始配对之后擦除CUID。
图3、4及5分别是根据本文中所论述的各种实例的实例性配对装置202、遥控钥匙106及CU 104的框图。三个装置/组件-配对装置、遥控钥匙及CU-均可包括处理器(302、402、502)，存储器(304、404、504)及收发器(306、406、506)。三个装置/组件的处理器可用于执行与基于证书的验证配对及基于ID的验证配对相关联的验证计算及共用秘密密钥产生计算。处理器可为标准CPU、微控制器、低功率数字信号处理器等且可能够在短时间内执行复杂计算。
三个装置的存储器可用于存储公共与私密密钥对及与其用于基于证书的验证配对的相应装置相关联的真实性证书。替代地或另外，三个装置的存储器可用于存储其自身或其它装置的ID。举例来说，在基于ID的验证配对中，配对装置202可在起始配对序列之前存储KFID及CUID两者。用于那两个相关联装置的KFID及CUID可存储于配对装置202的存储器304中。存储器可为非易失性存储装置，例如快闪存储器或EEPROM。
用于三个装置的收发器可为有线的(未展示)、无线的或能够进行两者。收发器可由装置使用来在用于任一验证方法的调节步骤及初始配对步骤期间传达ID、公共密钥及/或真实性证书。允许交通工具的远程进入与控制的遥控钥匙可使用无线技术(例如，蓝牙、LF或UHF)进行那些发射，但还可能够在初始配对过程期间经由导线与配对装置及/或CU通信。
图6图解说明根据如本文中所论述的各种实例的经配对遥控钥匙与CU的实例性正常操作。图6中所描绘的正常操作展示遥控钥匙106与CU 104在通过过程200(基于ID)的初始配对之后的互动。遥控钥匙与CU在于用户与遥控钥匙(举例来说)的互动时彼此通信时，可通过基于AES-128(举例来说)执行OpKey验证的质询-响应协议而首先彼此验证。遥控钥匙对CU的操作可仅在响应有效时被允许。无效响应可表示伪劣遥控钥匙，且CU可不执行从无效遥控钥匙发送的命令。
图7图解说明根据如本文中所论述的各种实例由CU进行的OpKey改变的实例。CU104可在遥控钥匙106被错放或被盗时改变OpKey。通过改变OpKey，CU可防止丢失或被盗的遥控钥匙106接入CU 104。CU 104可通过期望新OpKey的外部信号起始。外部信号可通过执行与其余遥控钥匙106及交通工具的预设置序列而来自所述遥控钥匙的所有者，或外部信号可来自经销商112的配对装置202。在接收到外部信号后，CU 104可即刻使用旧OpKey将新OpKey加密且接着将经加密新OpKey发射到其余遥控钥匙106。在接收到新OpKey之后，可由所有CU 104及其余遥控钥匙106将旧OpKey擦除。装置之间的正常操作可接着继续而无需担心伪劣遥控钥匙可与CU互动。
图8是根据本文中所论述的各种实例的用于基于ID的验证的实例性方法800的流程图。方法800可为关于图5所描述的初始配对过程200的一个实施方案。方法800在步骤802处以配对装置202及遥控钥匙106执行KFID验证密钥协商协议以彼此验证且产生加密密钥DHKey1开始。步骤804借助以下操作继续方法800：在配对装置202在步骤806处以将经加密CUID发射到遥控钥匙106而继续之前，所述配对装置借助DHKeyl将CU 104的CUID加密。
方法800在步骤808处以遥控钥匙106及CU 104执行CUID验证密钥协商协议以彼此验证且产生加密密钥DHKey2继续。方法800接着以步骤810及812结束，其中CU 104借助DHKey2将OpKey加密且将经加密OpKey发射到遥控钥匙106。在OpKey已与遥控钥匙106共享之后，CU 104与遥控钥匙106可视为经配对的。
所属领域的技术人员将了解，在所主张发明的范围内，可对所描述实施例做出修改，并且许多其它实施例为可能的。

Claims (17)

1.一种遥控钥匙装置，其包括：
收发器，其发送及接收信号；
存储器模块，其存储从控制单元接收的第一操作密钥，其中所述第一操作密钥在从所述控制单元发送到所述遥控钥匙装置之前由第一秘密加密密钥加密；及
通信地耦合到所述收发器及存储器模块的处理器，其经配置以：
使用所述收发器向所述控制单元发送期望新的操作密钥的信号，以起始所述控制单元执行密钥改变操作；
使用所述收发器接收使用所述第一操作密钥加密的第二操作密钥；及
基于所述第二操作密钥执行所述遥控钥匙装置和所述控制单元之间的正常操作，其中所述第一秘密加密密钥对于所述遥控钥匙装置和所述控制单元是共用的，并且是作为处理器基于与所述控制单元相关的控制单元标识ID而执行ID验证密钥协商协议的结果而产生的，
其中在基于所述控制单元ID而执行所述ID验证密钥协商协议之前，所述遥控钥匙装置接收所述控制单元ID，且其中在所述遥控钥匙装置接收所述控制单元ID时，由第二秘密加密密钥加密所述控制单元ID，以及
其中所述第二秘密加密密钥对于所述遥控钥匙装置和配对装置是共用的，并且是作为处理器基于与所述遥控钥匙装置相关的遥控钥匙ID而执行ID验证密钥协商协议的结果而产生的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的遥控钥匙装置，其中在接收所述第二操作密钥之前，基于所述第一操作密钥执行所述正常操作。
3.根据权利要求2所述的遥控钥匙装置，其中在接收所述第二操作密钥之后，所述遥控钥匙装置不再基于所述第一操作密钥来执行所述正常操作。
4.根据权利要求3所述的遥控钥匙装置，其中所述处理器进一步经配置以在接收到所述第二操作密钥之后，将所述第一操作密钥从所述存储器模块中擦除。
5.根据权利要求1所述的遥控钥匙装置，其中基于所述控制单元ID的所述ID验证密钥协商协议是基于椭圆曲线密码术。
6.根据权利要求5所述的遥控钥匙装置，其中所述椭圆曲线密码术包括迪菲-赫尔曼密钥协商协议。
7.根据权利要求1所述的遥控钥匙装置，其中所述操作密钥改变操作响应于执行所述遥控钥匙装置及交通工具的预设置命令序列。
8.根据权利要求1所述的遥控钥匙装置，其中基于所述第二操作密钥执行所述正常操作包括使用所述第二操作密钥执行质询-响应协议。
9.根据权利要求8所述的遥控钥匙装置，其中所述质询-响应协议是基于AES-128的。
10.一种用于操作遥控钥匙装置以将所述遥控钥匙与控制单元配对的方法，所述方法包括：
与配对装置一起基于遥控钥匙标识ID来执行ID验证密钥协商协议，以产生第一秘密加密密钥；
从所述配对装置接收与所述控制单元对应的经加密控制单元ID，所接收的经加密控制单元ID由所述第一秘密加密密钥加密；
使用所述第一秘密加密密钥解密所述经加密控制单元ID；
与所述控制单元一起基于所述控制单元ID来执行ID验证密钥协商协议，以产生第二秘密加密密钥；以及
从所述控制单元接收由所述第二秘密加密密钥加密的操作密钥。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其包括：
使用所述操作密钥来执行验证协议；以及
从所述遥控钥匙装置发送命令。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其包括使用所述第二秘密加密密钥解密所述操作密钥。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述遥控钥匙ID和控制单元ID为十六进制字。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其包括：
向所述控制单元发送期望新的操作密钥的信号，以起始所述控制单元执行密钥改变操作；
接收新操作密钥，所述新操作密钥由所述操作密钥加密；以及
基于所述新操作密钥来执行所述遥控钥匙装置和所述控制单元之间的正常操作。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其包括：
在接收所述新操作密钥之后擦除所述操作密钥。
16.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其包括在接收到所述操作密钥之后从所述遥控钥匙装置的存储器中擦除所述控制单元ID。
17.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述控制单元是车辆的控制单元。
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