CN110052619A - A kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN110052619A CN110052619A CN201910359280.8A CN201910359280A CN110052619A CN 110052619 A CN110052619 A CN 110052619A CN 201910359280 A CN201910359280 A CN 201910359280A CN 110052619 A CN110052619 A CN 110052619A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of ball-type CuFe alloy powder, belong to non-ferrous alloy technical field.It specifically includes that ingredient, shove charge, vacuumizes, melting, atomization, receives powder；Phenomena such as iron phase is mainly graininess, and disperse is uniformly distributed in Copper substrate, segregation-free；CuFe alloy powder pattern prepared by the present invention is spherical in shape, and Powder gas content is low, Fe phase is uniformly distributed in Cu particle collective in powder, and the powder metallurgy product of all kinds of cupric ferrous components can be prepared using the CuFe alloy powder.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-ferrous alloy technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation side of ball-type CuFe alloy powder
Method.
Background technique
In sintered metal product, copper powder and iron powder are the maximum two kinds of powder of dosage, the system of prior powder metallurgy product
Standby is to be used in mixed way copper powder, iron powder, and the two mixing is uneven and the two fusion temperature difference is larger, and sintering temperature is difficult to really
The features such as determining, the quality and performance for leading to manufactured goods are by serious influence；The production method of another copper iron compound powder is
Using diffusion method, copper powder and iron powder are mixed in a certain ratio uniformly, certain temperature is then heated to, copper powder is made to be coated on iron powder
Particle surface, due to this method be it is a kind of in a manner of physics copper clad on ferrous powder granules surface, there is also much not
Foot place.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides that a kind of pattern is spherical in shape, the low ball-type CuFe of Powder gas content
Alloy powder preparation method.
The technical scheme is that a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: ingredient
Electrolytic copper plate is taken according to proportion and CuFe master alloy is raw material, for use；
Step 2: shove charge
The good alloy material of said ratio is fitted into the crucible in vacuum induction melting furnace, bell is closed, closes vent valve,
Clear up observation window；
Step 3: it vacuumizes
Mechanical pump is opened, low vacuum flapper valve is opened and vacuumizes, when vacuum pressure p≤0.08MPa in furnace, opens Roots
Pump；
Step 4: melting
When vacuum pressure is extracted into p≤4Pa in furnace, heat temperature raising, power rises to 20KW-30KW, keeps the temperature 5min-10min,
Power rises to 40KW-50KW, keeps the temperature 5min-10min, and heating power rises to 60KW-70KW, keeps, above and below raw material in crucible
After reaching uniformly, power is dropped to 20KW hereinafter, opening argon filling air valve, and the argon that concentration is 99.999% is slowly filled with into furnace body
Gas when furnace pressure rises to 0.08Mpa, closes argon-filling valve, and power per liter to 70KW ± 5KW refines 1min-2min；
Step 5: atomization
The aluminium alloy of above-mentioned fusing is poured into bottom pour ladle, during aluminium alloy is by outflow of leting slip a remark, by compressed gas
It is sprayed, aluminium alloy is dispersed into fine drop, cooled and solidified during landing；
Step 6: powder is collected.
Further, the percentage composition of Fe element is 5-30% in required CuFe master alloy finished product in the step 1, full
Foot prepares the requirement of the ball-type CuFe alloy powder of different Fe constituent contents.
Further, crucible described in the step 2 is nickel crucible, and the alkali resistance and corrosion resistance of nickel are all relatively strong, therefore nickel
Crucible is usually used in smelting ferroalloy.
Further, the injection of compressed gas is carried out by high pressure nozzle in the step 5, and high pressure nozzle
Spray angle is sprayed away from horizontal plane 48-70 degree by adjusting high pressure nozzle and horizontal plane to exist there are spray angle and compressed gas
It emanates pressure, facilitates the particle size of control aluminium alloy droplet, guarantee uniform particle diameter.
Further, the pressure of compressed gas is 0.5-10MPa, the mistake that aluminium alloy passes through outflow of leting slip a remark in the step 5
Cheng Zhong, flow velocity 4-20L/min, pressure and alloy flow velocity by controlling compressed gas facilitate control in a certain range
The particle size of aluminium alloy droplet.
Further, in the step 5 compressed gas be argon gas and helium mixed gas, pass through inert gas pair
Alloy liquid droplet is sprayed, and be can be avoided to react with aluminium alloy and is generated impurity, influences to prepare ball-type CuFe alloy powder
Purity.
Further, aluminium alloy is dispersed into after fine drop when being cooled down in the step 5, can also be in cooler
It carries out, specific cooling technique are as follows: droplet after dispersion is fallen directly into cooler, is passed through during landing into cooler
The cooling gas that flow velocity is 8-28L/min is cooling, after falling into cooler, then coolant liquid cooling is added into cooler, temperature is cold
But it to 50 DEG C hereinafter, then separate alloy powder with coolant liquid, is dried, by dual-cooled mode, accelerates cold
But speed.
Further, the ingredient of the coolant liquid is salt water, oil；Good cooling results, it is non-corrosive to alloy material.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder, with existing skill
Art is compared, and prepares crucible nickel crucible used in ball-type CuFe alloy powder, the alkali resistance and corrosion resistance of nickel are all relatively strong, therefore nickel earthenware
Crucible is usually used in smelting ferroalloy；By adjusting high pressure nozzle and horizontal plane, there are spray angles and compressed gas there is injection gas
Pressure facilitates the particle size of control aluminium alloy droplet, guarantees uniform particle diameter；It is passed through during landing into cooler
The cooling gas that flow velocity is 8-28L/min is cooling, after falling into cooler, then coolant liquid cooling is added into cooler, temperature is cold
But it to 50 DEG C hereinafter, then separate alloy powder with coolant liquid, is dried, by dual-cooled mode, accelerates cold
But speed；Phenomena such as iron phase is mainly graininess, and disperse is uniformly distributed in Copper substrate, segregation-free；Present invention preparation
CuFe alloy powder pattern it is spherical in shape, Powder gas content is low, Fe phase is uniformly distributed in Cu particle collective in powder, uses
The CuFe alloy powder can prepare the powder metallurgy product of all kinds of cupric ferrous components.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be ball-type CuFe alloy powder pattern and X100 metallographic structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 be ball-type CuFe alloy powder pattern and X500 metallographic structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 be ball-type CuFe alloy powder section metallographic microscope of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the broad flow diagram of ball-type CuFe alloy powder preparation process of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further discussed in detail with reference to embodiments, but protection scope of the present invention
It is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: ingredient
Taking the CuFe master alloy that the percentage composition of electrolytic copper plate and Fe element is 5% according to proportion is raw material, for use；
Step 2: shove charge
The good alloy material of said ratio is fitted into the nickel crucible in vacuum induction melting furnace, bell is closed, closes and deflates
Valve clears up observation window；
Step 3: it vacuumizes
Mechanical pump is opened, low vacuum flapper valve is opened and vacuumizes, when vacuum pressure p=0.06MPa in furnace, opens Roots
Pump；
Step 4: melting
When vacuum pressure is extracted into p=2Pa in furnace, heat temperature raising, power rises to 20KW, keeps the temperature 5min, and power rises to
40KW keeps the temperature 5min, and heating power rises to 60KW, keeps, after raw material in crucible reaches uniformly up and down, drop power to 15KW,
Argon filling air valve is opened, the argon gas that concentration is 99.999% is slowly filled with into furnace body, when furnace pressure rises to 0.08Mpa, is closed
Argon-filling valve, power per liter to 65KW refine 1min；
Step 5: atomization
The aluminium alloy of above-mentioned fusing is poured into bottom pour ladle, during aluminium alloy is by outflow of leting slip a remark, is through excess pressure
The argon gas of 0.5MPa and the mixed compressed gas of helium are sprayed, and aluminium alloy is dispersed into tiny liquid by flow velocity 4L/min
Drop, cooled and solidified during landing；
Step 6: powder is collected.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: ingredient
Taking the CuFe master alloy that the percentage composition of electrolytic copper plate and Fe element is 20% according to proportion is raw material, for use；
Step 2: shove charge
The good alloy material of said ratio is fitted into the nickel crucible in vacuum induction melting furnace, bell is closed, closes and deflates
Valve clears up observation window；
Step 3: it vacuumizes
Mechanical pump is opened, low vacuum flapper valve is opened and vacuumizes, when vacuum pressure p=0.07MPa in furnace, opens Roots
Pump；
Step 4: melting
When vacuum pressure is extracted into p=3Pa in furnace, heat temperature raising, power rises to 25KW, keeps the temperature 8min, and power rises to
45KW keeps the temperature 8min, and heating power rises to 65KW, keeps, after raw material in crucible reaches uniformly up and down, drop power to 19KW,
Argon filling air valve is opened, the argon gas that concentration is 99.999% is slowly filled with into furnace body, when furnace pressure rises to 0.08Mpa, is closed
Argon-filling valve, power per liter to 70KW refine 1.5min；
Step 5: atomization
The aluminium alloy of above-mentioned fusing is poured into bottom pour ladle, during aluminium alloy is by outflow of leting slip a remark, is through excess pressure
The argon gas of 6MPa and the mixed compressed gas of helium are sprayed, and aluminium alloy is dispersed into tiny liquid by flow velocity 13L/min
Drop, cooled and solidified during landing；
Step 6: powder is collected.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: ingredient
Taking the CuFe master alloy that the percentage composition of electrolytic copper plate and Fe element is 30% according to proportion is raw material, for use；
Step 2: shove charge
The good alloy material of said ratio is fitted into the nickel crucible in vacuum induction melting furnace, bell is closed, closes and deflates
Valve clears up observation window；
Step 3: it vacuumizes
Mechanical pump is opened, low vacuum flapper valve is opened and vacuumizes, when vacuum pressure p=0.08MPa in furnace, opens Roots
Pump；
Step 4: melting
When vacuum pressure is extracted into p=4Pa in furnace, heat temperature raising, power rises to 30KW, keeps the temperature 10min, and power rises to
50KW keeps the temperature 10min, and heating power rises to 70KW, keeps, after raw material in crucible reaches uniformly up and down, drop power to 20KW,
Argon filling air valve is opened, the argon gas that concentration is 99.999% is slowly filled with into furnace body, when furnace pressure rises to 0.08Mpa, is closed
Argon-filling valve, power per liter to 75KW refine 2min；
Step 5: atomization
The aluminium alloy of above-mentioned fusing is poured into bottom pour ladle, during aluminium alloy is by outflow of leting slip a remark, is through excess pressure
The argon gas of 10MPa and the mixed compressed gas of helium are sprayed, and aluminium alloy is dispersed into tiny liquid by flow velocity 20L/min
Drop, cooled and solidified during landing；
Step 6: powder is collected.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 2, the difference is that, the injection of compressed gas is to pass through height in step 5
Nozzle is pressed to carry out, and the spray angle of high pressure nozzle is sprayed away from 55 degree of horizontal plane by adjusting high pressure nozzle and horizontal plane to exist
There is injection air pressure in angle and compressed gas, facilitate the particle size of control aluminium alloy droplet, guarantee uniform particle diameter.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 4, the difference is that, after aluminium alloy is dispersed into fine drop in step 5
When being cooled down, it can also be carried out in cooler, specific cooling technique are as follows: droplet after dispersion is fallen directly into cooler,
It is cooling that the cooling gas that flow velocity is 16L/min is passed through during landing into cooler, after falling into cooler, then to cooler
Middle addition coolant liquid is cooling, and temperature is cooled to 50 DEG C, then separates alloy powder with coolant liquid, be dried, pass through
Dual-cooled mode accelerates cooling velocity.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 5, the difference is that, the ingredient of above-mentioned coolant liquid is salt water, oil；It is cooling
Effect is good, non-corrosive to alloy material.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And
These are modified or replaceed, the spirit and model of technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
It encloses.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder, which is characterized in that specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: ingredient
Electrolytic copper plate is taken according to proportion and CuFe master alloy is raw material, for use；
Step 2: shove charge
The good alloy material of said ratio is fitted into the crucible in vacuum induction melting furnace, bell is closed, closes vent valve, cleaning
Observation window；
Step 3: it vacuumizes
Mechanical pump is opened, low vacuum flapper valve is opened and vacuumizes, when vacuum pressure p≤0.08MPa in furnace, opens lobe pump；
Step 4: melting
When vacuum pressure is extracted into p≤4Pa in furnace, heat temperature raising, power rises to 20KW-30KW, keeps the temperature 5min-10min, power
40KW-50KW is risen to, 5min-10min is kept the temperature, heating power rises to 60KW-70KW, keeps, and reaches up and down to raw material in crucible
After uniformly, power is dropped to 20KW hereinafter, opening argon filling air valve, and the argon gas that concentration is 99.999%, furnace are slowly filled with into furnace body
When interior pressure rises to 0.08Mpa, argon-filling valve is closed, power per liter to 70KW ± 5KW refines 1min-2min；
Step 5: atomization
The aluminium alloy of above-mentioned fusing is poured into bottom pour ladle, during aluminium alloy is by outflow of leting slip a remark, is carried out by compressed gas
Injection, is dispersed into fine drop for aluminium alloy, cooled and solidified during landing；
Step 6: powder is collected.
2. a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
In in required CuFe master alloy finished product the percentage composition of Fe element be 5-30%.
3. a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2
The crucible is nickel crucible.
4. a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 5
The injection of middle compressed gas is to be carried out by high pressure nozzle, and the spray angle of high pressure nozzle is away from horizontal plane 48-70 degree.
5. a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step 5
The pressure of middle compressed gas is 0.5-10MPa, during aluminium alloy is by outflow of leting slip a remark, flow velocity 4-20L/min.
6. a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step 5
Middle compressed gas is the mixed gas of argon gas and helium.
7. a kind of preparation method of ball-type CuFe alloy powder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 5
Middle aluminium alloy is dispersed into after fine drop when being cooled down, and can also be carried out in cooler, specific cooling technique are as follows: after dispersion
Droplet falls directly into cooler, and it is cold to be passed through the cooling gas that flow velocity is 8-28L/min into cooler during landing
But, after falling into cooler, then coolant liquid cooling is added into cooler, temperature is cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, then by alloy powder
It separates, is dried with coolant liquid.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111618309A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-04 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-iron alloy nanopowder |
| CN111621664A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-04 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Method for preparing copper-iron alloy by spark plasma sintering |
| CN111687424A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-22 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of copper-iron alloy powder |
| CN112387978A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-23 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Preparation method of CuFe alloy powder for brake pad |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111687424A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-22 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of copper-iron alloy powder |
| CN111687424B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2023-09-08 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of copper-iron alloy powder |
| CN111618309A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-04 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-iron alloy nanopowder |
| CN111621664A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-04 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Method for preparing copper-iron alloy by spark plasma sintering |
| CN112387978A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-23 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Preparation method of CuFe alloy powder for brake pad |
| CN112387978B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2023-03-14 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Preparation method of CuFe alloy powder for brake pad |
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