CN110052606A - Laser powder feeding additive manufacturing device and powder flow control method - Google Patents
Laser powder feeding additive manufacturing device and powder flow control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110052606A CN110052606A CN201810717939.8A CN201810717939A CN110052606A CN 110052606 A CN110052606 A CN 110052606A CN 201810717939 A CN201810717939 A CN 201810717939A CN 110052606 A CN110052606 A CN 110052606A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 306
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon Substances [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/20—Cooling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/38—Housings, e.g. machine housings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser powder feeding additive manufacturing equipment, and particularly relates to a laser powder feeding additive manufacturing device and a powder flow control method. The change of the powder feeding speed is reflected through the change of the voltage signal, and the powder flow controller adjusts and controls the powder feeding speed of the powder feeder according to the change of the voltage signal, so that the long-time monitoring of the powder flow and the adjustment and control of the powder feeding speed of the powder feeder are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing equipment technical fields more particularly to a kind of laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing to fill
It sets and powder method of flow control.
Background technique
Laser powder feeding increases material manufacturing technology has been widely used for metal parts as a kind of RP technique
Manufacture in.Especially there is the field of demand to high-performance single and mini-batch production components in aerospace etc., laser powder feeding increases material
Manufacturing technology highlights increasingly important role.Laser powder feeding increases material manufacturing technology accuracy is high, the manufacture of metal parts
Time often reaches more than ten hour.In the fabrication process, the continuous stability of metal powder stream and precision directly affect laser
The generation of the stability in molten bath and the form of cladding layer and defect.The components of manufacture are fine, metal powder stream stability
Influence it is significant.But during laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing, since powder material gradually reduces in powder feeder powder tank, to sending
Powder disk pressure gradually reduces, and the rotating torque of sending disk of powder rotary electric machine can change, so as to cause the variation of revolving speed.It is same with this
When, rotary electric machine itself long time running can also accumulate speed error.These factors lead to laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing process
In, the stability and precision of powder stream are difficult to keep for a long time.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device and powder method of flow control, it is intended to solve existing
Have in technology laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device because of the stability of powder stream caused by the gradually reducing of powder material in powder feeder powder tank
It is difficult to keep technical problem for a long time with precision.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device, including with
In the powder feeder that injection powder flow to the powder-feeding nozzle of workpiece surface and connect with the powder-feeding nozzle, the laser powder feeding increases material system
Making device further includes powder stream controller and mechanism for monitoring, and the mechanism for monitoring includes light source and illuminance sensor, the light source
The side being set to below the powder-feeding nozzle and the powder stream transmitting light beam for being sprayed to the powder-feeding nozzle, the light
Illuminance transducer is set to the other side below the powder-feeding nozzle, the illuminance sensor and the powder stream controller telecommunications
Number connection for receiving the light beam across the powder stream and being sent to institute by optical signal converted electrical number and by the electric signal
Powder stream controller is stated, the powder stream controller connect with the powder feeder electric signal and is used to receive the electric signal and according to institute
State the powder feed rate that electric signal adjusts the powder feeder.
Optionally, the mechanism for monitoring further includes the first fixed link and the second fixed link, one end of first fixed link
Be fixedly connected with the powder-feeding nozzle, the other end extends to the side below the powder-feeding nozzle, the light source is fixedly connected on
The other end of first fixed link, one end of second fixed link is fixedly connected with the powder-feeding nozzle, the other end extends
The other side below to the powder-feeding nozzle, the illuminance sensor are fixedly connected on the other end of second fixed link.
Optionally, the mechanism for monitoring further includes the first cooling protection module and use for cooling down and protecting the light source
In the second cooling protection module for cooling down and protecting the illuminance sensor.
Optionally, the laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device further includes cooling-water machine, and first protective module includes having
The first shell of first cavity, the first shell are equipped with the first inlet opening, the first apopore and are connected to first cavity
And towards the first through hole of the powder stream, the rear end of the light source is embedded in the first through hole and protrudes into first cavity
And the light source and the first shell are tightly connected, the cooling-water machine by two water pipes respectively with first inlet opening and institute
The connection of the first apopore is stated to supply cooling water into first cavity.
Optionally, the laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device further includes cooling-water machine, and second protective module includes having
The second shell of second cavity, the second shell are equipped with the second inlet opening, the second apopore and are connected to second cavity
And towards the second through-hole of the powder stream, the rear end of the illuminance sensor is embedded in second through-hole and protrudes into described the
In two cavitys and the illuminance sensor and the second shell are tightly connected, the cooling-water machine by two water pipes respectively with institute
The second inlet opening is stated to be connected with second apopore to supply cooling water into second cavity.
Optionally, the laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device further includes connecting and using with the illuminance sensor electric signal
In the control box of analog voltage signal for receiving the illuminance sensor and detecting the light beam and generating, the control box also with
Powder stream controller electric signal connection is for being converted to digital voltage signal for the analog voltage signal and by the number
Word voltage signal is sent to the powder stream controller.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: in laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device of the invention and powder method of flow control, powder stream
Two sides are respectively arranged to emit the light source of light beam to powder stream and receive the illuminance sensor of the light beam across powder stream, light source hair
Irradiating light beam irradiates powder stream, and some light can not pass through powder stream by the powder particle reflection in powder stream, and part powder stream can then be worn
It crosses powder stream and irradiates illuminance sensor, illuminance sensor receives light beam and converts optical signals to voltage signal, and powder stream
Controller then receives voltage signal.The variation of the powder feed rate of powder feeder, the grain density that will lead in powder stream changes, and powder stream
In grain density variation cause the illuminance of light beam across powder stream to change so that produced by illuminance sensor
Voltage signal change, in the present embodiment, by the variation of voltage signal, the variation of Lai Tixian powder feed rate, and powder stream
Controller then adjusts the powder feed rate of control powder feeder according to the variation of voltage signal, to realize that monitoring powder stream is simultaneously for a long time
The powder feed rate of control powder feeder can be adjusted for a long time.
To achieve the above object, the present invention use another solution is that a kind of powder method of flow control, including following step
It is rapid:
S1: preset reference voltage signal；
S2: Xiang Fenliu illumination beam, and detect the intensity of illumination of the light beam across powder stream；
S3: the intensity of illumination is converted into contrast potential signal, and the contrast potential signal and reference voltage are believed
It number compares；
S4: according to the comparing result of the contrast potential signal and the reference voltage signal, the powder feeding of powder feeder is adjusted
Speed；
S5: step S2 described in circulating repetition to step S4.
Optionally, the preset reference voltage signal in the step S1 specifically: the sufficient and stable work in powder feeder powder amount
When making, Xiang Fenliu illumination beam, and the intensity of illumination of the light beam across powder stream is detected, it is electric on the basis of intensity of illumination is converted
Press signal.
Optionally, preset reference voltage signal in the step S1 specifically: preset the reference voltage signal manually.
Optionally, in the step S3, the contrast potential signal is analog voltage signal, and comparison process includes will be described
Analog voltage signal and reference voltage signal carry out calculating difference, are converted into digital voltage signal according to the difference after calculating, institute
Stating digital voltage signal is comparing result.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: in powder method of flow control, powder stream is irradiated by light beam, by the grain density of powder stream
For reacting condition on the illumination for the light beam for passing through powder stream is strong, the illumination for passing through the light beam of powder stream is converted to by force contrast potential letter
Number, therefore, contrast potential signal can be implemented to react the grain density of powder stream；Pass through contrast potential signal and reference voltage signal
Comparison can intuitively reflect very much the variation of powder stream, that is, reflect the variation of powder feeder powder feed rate, according to comparison electricity
The comparing result for pressing signal and reference voltage signal, can very easily adjust the powder feed rate of powder feeder, entirely process
In manufacturing process, circulating repetition step S2 to step S4, i.e., the stabilization of controllable powder stream.
Detailed description of the invention
It to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to embodiment or description of the prior art
Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only of the invention some
Embodiment for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can also be according to these
Attached drawing obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the knot of the powder-feeding nozzle and mechanism for monitoring in laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the light source in laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the first fixed link and first
The structural schematic diagram of cooling protection module；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of powder method of flow control provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of another embodiment of powder method of flow control provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of a further embodiment of powder method of flow control provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, each appended drawing reference in figure: 1-powder-feeding nozzle, 11-powder streams, 2-powder feeders, 3-powder stream controllers, 4-
Mechanism for monitoring, 41-light sources, 42-illuminance sensors, the 43-the first fixed link, the 44-the second fixed link, 45-first shells
Body, the 451-the first inlet opening, the 452-the first apopore, 46-second shells, the 461-the second inlet opening, the 462-the second water outlet
Hole, 5-cooling-water machines, 6-environmental cabinets, 7-argon bottles, 8-optical fiber lasers, 9-main control computers.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " length ", " width ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside" is based on attached drawing institute
The orientation or positional relationship shown, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the dress of indication or suggestion meaning
It sets or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as to limit of the invention
System.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more,
Unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect
It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing devices, including for spraying
Powder-feeding nozzle 1 and the powder feeder 2 that with powder-feeding nozzle 1 connect of the powder stream 11 to workpiece surface, laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device is also
Including powder stream controller 3 and mechanism for monitoring 4, mechanism for monitoring 4 includes light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42, and light source is set to powder feeding
Side below nozzle 1 and the powder stream for spraying to powder-feeding nozzle 1 emit light beam, and illuminance sensor 42 is set to powder feeding spray
The other side of 1 lower section of mouth, illuminance sensor 42 are connect with 3 electric signal of powder stream controller for receiving the light across powder stream 11
Beam is simultaneously sent to powder stream controller 3, powder stream controller 3 and 2 electric signal of powder feeder by optical signal converted electrical number and by electric signal
It connects and is used to receive electric signal and adjust the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2 according to electric signal.In the present embodiment, the two sides of powder stream 11
It is respectively arranged to emit the light source 41 of light beam to powder stream 11 and receives the illuminance sensor 42 of the light beam across powder stream 11, light
Source 41 emits light beam and irradiates powder stream 11, and some light can not pass through powder stream 11 by the powder particle reflection in powder stream 11, part
Powder stream 11 can then pass through powder stream 11 and irradiate illuminance sensor 42, and illuminance sensor 42 receives light beam and turns optical signal
It is changed to voltage signal, and powder stream controller 3 then receives voltage signal.The variation of the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2 will lead to powder stream 11
In grain density variation, and the grain density variation in powder stream 11 causes the illuminance of light beam across powder stream 11 to become
Change, so that voltage signal caused by illuminance sensor 42 changes, in the present embodiment, passes through the change of voltage signal
Change, the variation of Lai Tixian powder feed rate, and powder stream controller 3 then adjusts control powder feeder 2 according to the variation of voltage signal
Powder feed rate, to realize monitoring powder stream 11 for a long time and the powder feed rate of control powder feeder 2 can be adjusted for a long time.
In the present embodiment, light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42 are added in the two sides of powder stream 11, improvement structural volume is small, right
Small in the improvement difficulty of equipment, easy for installation, system is simple, at low cost, has very strong commercial viability.The present embodiment
In, it directly acquires the intensity of illumination signal of light beam and is converted into voltage signal, be not necessarily to complicated algorithm, control mode is simple.This reality
The data efficiency for applying a laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device is high, and output data total amount is small, fast response time, compares high speed camera
The methods of powder stream 11 is measured, the communication resource and computing resource is greatly saved.
Further, in this embodiment preset reference voltage signal first, by voltage caused by illuminance sensor 42
Signal and reference voltage signal compare, and as the powder amount in the powder tank of powder feeder 2 is reduced, the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2 is reduced, light
The enhancing of voltage signal caused by illuminance transducer 42.The voltage signal caused by the illuminance sensor 42 is greater than reference voltage
When signal, the quickening that powder stream controller 3 controls powder feeder 2 divides disk rotating speed, to accelerate powder feed rate.
Specifically, powder stream controller 3 is closed-loop control computer, illuminance sensor 42 and closed-loop control computer electric signal
Connection, closed-loop control computer is connect with 2 electric signal of powder feeder, so as to form 2 close loop control circuit of powder feeder.Closed-loop control electricity
Brain receives the voltage signal that illuminance sensor 42 is sent, and the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2, same time are adjusted according to voltage signal
The powder stream 11 that illuminance transducer 42 receives after adjusting is formed by optical signal feedback, and then illuminance sensor 42 is converted into feeding back
Powder stream 11 after regulation is finally fed back to powder stream controller 3 by voltage signal, forms the closed-loop control to powder stream 11.
Specifically, light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42 are all set in the lower section of powder-feeding nozzle 1, and are symmetrically dispersed in powder
The two sides of stream 11, and keep vertical with powder-feeding nozzle 1, light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42 are located in a straight line.Powder feeding spray
The powder stream 11 of mouth 1 is in inverted cone-shaped, the light beam that light source 41 is launched just by inverted conical shape powder stream 11 center, and by illumination
Sensor 42 is spent to receive.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, mechanism for monitoring 4 further includes the first fixed link 43 and the second fixed link 44, and first is solid
One end of fixed pole 43 is fixedly connected with powder-feeding nozzle 1, the other end extends to the side below powder-feeding nozzle 1, and light source 41 is fixed to be connected
It is connected to the other end of the first fixed link 43, one end of the second fixed link 44 is fixedly connected with powder-feeding nozzle 1, the other end is extended to and sent
The other side of 1 lower section of powder nozzle, illuminance sensor 42 are fixedly connected on the other end of the second fixed link 44.Lead in the present embodiment
The first fixed link 43 and the second fixed link 44 difference fixed light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42 are crossed, so that light source 41 and illuminance
Sensor 42 can be with 1 synchronizing moving of powder-feeding nozzle, thus real-time monitoring powder stream 11.
In addition, the height of light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42 is higher than the height of workpiece, in laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing
Cheng Zhong, light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42 are not collided with workpiece；That is, the height of the first cooling protection module hereinafter and
The height of the equal workpiece of height of two cooling protection modules, during guaranteeing laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing, the first cooling protection module
It is not collided with workpiece with the second cooling protection module.
Optionally, as shown in Fig. 2, mechanism for monitoring 4 further includes the first cooling protection mould for cooling down and protecting light source 41
Block and the second cooling protection module for cooling down and protecting illuminance sensor 42.For the high temperature and hot spoke for avoiding laser molten pool
Penetrate the influence to light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42, in the present embodiment, the first cooling protection module can cool down light source 41, and
Two cooling protection modules can illuminance sensor 42, enable light source 41 and intensity of illumination sensor in ideal building ring
It works in border, not vulnerable to environmental disturbances, ensure that the stability and accuracy of light source 41 and illuminance sensor 42.
Wherein, the first cooling protection module can be realized by way of contacting with light source 41 cools down to light source 41, or
The side of light source 41 is set to cool down to light source 41.Similarly, the second cooling protection module can also by with illuminance
The mode that sensor 42 contacts, which is realized, cools down to illuminance sensor 42, or the side of illuminance sensor 42 is arranged in right
Illuminance sensor 42 cools down.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device further includes cooling-water machine 5, the first protective module packet
The first shell 45 with the first cavity (not shown) is included, first shell 45 is discharged equipped with the first inlet opening 451, first
Hole 452 be connected to the first cavity and towards the first through hole (not shown) of powder stream 11, the rear end insertion first of light source 41 is logical
It in hole and protrudes into the first cavity and light source 41 and first shell 45 are tightly connected, cooling-water machine 5 is by two water pipes respectively with first
Inlet opening 451 and the connection of the first apopore 452 are to supply cooling water into the first cavity.In the present embodiment, setting has first
The rear end insertion first through hole of the first shell 45 of cavity, light source 41 is interior and protrudes into the first cavity, and first shell 45 passes through
First inlet opening 451 and the first apopore 452 are connect with cooling-water machine 5, and cooling-water machine 5 supplies cold water to the first cavity, thus cooling
Light source 41, it is ensured that the low-temperature working environment of light source 41.It is supplied water by cooling-water machine 5, using the cooling light source 41 of circulating cooling mode
With illuminance sensor 42, guarantee that light source 41 and the work of illuminance sensor 42 work in 10-50 degrees Celsius of environment temperature.
In the present embodiment, light source 41 transmitting light beam one end be front end, the rear end of light source 41 refer to before light source 41
Hold opposite one end.
Optionally, laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device further includes cooling-water machine 5, and the second protective module includes having the second cavity
Second shell 46, second shell 46 is equipped with the second inlet opening 461, the second apopore 462 and is connected to the second cavity (in figure not
Show) and towards the second through-hole (not shown) of powder stream 11, the rear end of illuminance sensor 42 is embedded in the second through-hole simultaneously
It protrudes into the second cavity and illuminance sensor 42 and second shell 46 is tightly connected, cooling-water machine 5 is by two water pipes respectively with the
Two inlet openings 461 and the connection of the second apopore 462 are to supply cooling water into the second cavity.In the present embodiment, setting has the
The rear end of the second shell 46 of two cavitys, illuminance sensor 42 is embedded in the second through-hole and protrudes into the second cavity, and second
Shell 46 is connect by the second inlet opening 461 and the second apopore 462 with cooling-water machine 5, and cooling-water machine 5 supplies cold to the second cavity
Water, thus cooling light source 41, it is ensured that the low-temperature working environment of illuminance sensor 42.
In the present embodiment, one end that illuminance sensor 42 receives light beam is front end, and the rear end of illuminance sensor 42 is
Refer to one end opposite with the front end of illuminance sensor 42.
In the present embodiment, the cooling-water machine 5 connecting with first shell 45 and the cooling-water machine 5 connecting with second shell 46 can be with
It is same cooling-water machine 5, is also possible to not cooling-water machine 5 on the same stage.
In addition, cooling-water machine 5 is usually arranged in laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device in laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device
Thermal structure cooled down, such as coaxial cladding head is cooled down to laser head.In the present embodiment, the first cooling protection module
It can use the cooling-water machine 5 that laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device itself carries with the second cooling protection module and cold water be provided, thus
The improvement to laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device is reduced, equipment improving cost and difficulty are reduced.
Optionally, the rear end insertion first through hole of light source 41 is interior and protrudes into the first cavity, and the rear end of light source 41 also extends through
First shell 45, light source 41 expose from the other end of first shell 45, so that light source 41 can be very conveniently by leading
Line is connect with the power supply powered to light source 41.
The rear end of illuminance sensor 42 is embedded in the second through-hole and protrudes into the second cavity, after illuminance sensor 42
End also extends through second shell 46, and illuminance sensor 42 exposes from the other end of second shell 46, so that illuminance senses
Device 42 can be connect by conducting wire with powder stream controller 3 very conveniently.
Optionally, as shown in Fig. 2, laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device further includes connecting with 42 electric signal of illuminance sensor
And the control box (not shown) of analog voltage signal that illuminance sensor 42 detects light beam and generates is received, control box is also
It is connect with 3 electric signal of powder stream controller for analog voltage signal to be converted to digital voltage signal and by digital voltage signal
It is sent to powder stream controller 3.It is analog voltage signal that illuminance sensor 42, which receives the voltage signal that light beam generates, passes through control
Analog voltage signal is converted into digital voltage signal after the high frequency sampling of box progress, powder stream controller 3 receives digital voltage signal,
And the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2 is adjusted according to digital voltage signal.
Specifically, powder stream controller 3 and powder feeder 2 divide disk (not shown) to connect, and control and divide disk rotating speed, thus
Control powder feed rate.
Optionally, light source 41 is miniature laser transmitter, and improvement structural volume is small, easy for installation.
Optionally, in the present embodiment, powder-feeding nozzle 1 is preferably coaxial cladding head.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device further includes environmental cabinet 6, argon bottle 7 and optical fiber
Laser 8, main control computer 9, workbench is additionally provided in environmental cabinet 6, and aforementioned coaxial cladding head is set to above workbench and is located at
In environmental cabinet 6, coaxial cladding head is also connect with powder feeder 2 and optical fiber laser 8.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of 11 control methods of powder stream applied to laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device, such as
Shown in Fig. 4, comprising the following steps:
S1: preset reference voltage signal；
S2: Xiang Fenliu 11 illumination beam, and detect the intensity of illumination of the light beam across powder stream 11；
S3: being converted to contrast potential signal for intensity of illumination, and contrast potential signal and reference voltage signal are carried out pair
Than；
S4: according to the comparing result of contrast potential signal and reference voltage signal, the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2 is adjusted；
S5: circulating repetition step S2 to step S4.
In the present embodiment, powder stream 11 is irradiated by light beam, by the reacting condition of the grain density of powder stream 11 in across powder stream
On the illumination of 11 light beam is strong, the illumination for passing through the light beam of powder stream 11 is converted to by force contrast potential signal, therefore, contrast potential
Signal can be implemented to react the grain density of powder stream 11.It can be very by the comparison of contrast potential signal and reference voltage signal
The variation for intuitively reflecting powder stream 11, that is, reflect the variation of 2 powder feed rate of powder feeder.According to contrast potential signal and benchmark
The comparing result of voltage signal can very easily adjust the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2.During entire processing and manufacturing,
Circulating repetition step S2 to step S4, i.e., the stabilization of controllable powder stream 11.
Specifically, light beam is emitted to powder stream 11 by said light source 41, is irradiated to illuminance across the light beam of powder stream 11 and passes
On sensor 42, and intensity of illumination is detected by illuminance sensor 42 and is converted into contrast potential signal.In the present embodiment, pass through
Aforementioned control box compares contrast potential signal with reference voltage signal.The reception comparing result of powder stream controller 3, and according to
The powder feed rate of comparing result adjusting powder feeder 2.
Optionally, the preset reference voltage signal in step S1 specifically: and steady operation sufficient in 2 powder amount of powder feeder
When, 11 illumination beam of Xiang Fenliu, and the intensity of illumination of the light beam across powder stream 11 is detected, intensity of illumination is converted into reference voltage
Signal.In the present embodiment, the state with the sufficient simultaneously steady operation of 2 powder amount of powder feeder is basic state, at this point, powder stream 11 is stablized,
The grain density of powder stream 11 is stablized, and the reference voltage signal measured is more accurate.
Optionally, the preset reference voltage signal in step S1 specifically may also is that manual preset reference voltage signal.?
When laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device, according to processing and manufacturing demand, the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2 is set, in the present embodiment, manually
Preset reference voltage signal is corresponding with the aforementioned setting powder feed rate of powder feeder 2.
Further, as shown in figure 5, in step S3, contrast potential signal is analog voltage signal, and comparison process includes will
Analog voltage signal is compared with reference voltage signal, and quasi- voltage signal and reference voltage signal are carried out calculating difference, root
It is converted into digital voltage signal according to the difference after calculating, digital voltage signal is comparing result.Powder feeding controller 3 is according to digital electricity
Signal is pressed to adjust the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2.
Further, in step S3, with fixed frequency collection analog voltage signal, by the analog voltage signal of acquisition
Calculating difference is carried out with reference voltage signal.Therefore, in step s 4, powder feeder is specifically adjusted according to digital voltage signal
2 powder feed rate.
In the present embodiment, preset reference voltage signal corresponds to the preset fixed powder feed rate of powder feeder 2, i.e., corresponding default
Powder stream 11 grain density.In the difference of analog voltage signal and reference voltage signal, difference is timing, then analog voltage is believed
Number value be greater than reference voltage signal value, at this time the grain density of powder stream 11 be less than powder corresponding with preset reference voltage signal
The grain density of stream 11, powder stream controller 3 control the quickening of powder feeder 2 and divide disk rotating speed, accelerate powder feed rate；When difference is negative, then
The value of analog voltage signal is less than the value of reference voltage signal, and the grain density of powder stream 11 is greater than at this time believes with preset reference voltage
The grain density of number corresponding powder stream 11, powder stream controller 3 control the reduction of powder feeder 2 and divide disk rotating speed, reduce powder feed rate；Difference
When being zero, then the value of analog voltage signal is equal to the value of reference voltage signal, and the grain density of powder stream 11 is equal to and presets at this time
The grain density of the corresponding powder stream 11 of reference voltage signal, powder stream controller 3 control powder feeder 2 and keep existing point of disk rotating speed, send
Powder speed does not increase.
Further, according to difference positive and negative and zero, three different digital voltage signals are converted into.Specifically, digital
Voltage signal is the voltage signal that more than two and value is 0 or 1, such as 00,11 and 01 or 010,101 and 111, powder flow control
Device 3 processed receives digital voltage signal, and the powder feed rate of powder feeder 2 is adjusted according to the combination of the value in digital voltage signal.Powder stream
The digital voltage signal that controller 3 receives and positive difference to it is corresponding when powder stream controller 3 control powder feeder 2 and accelerate powder feed rate；
The digital voltage signal that powder stream controller 3 receives and negative difference to it is corresponding when powder stream controller 3 control powder feeder 2 and reduce powder feeding
Speed；The digital voltage signal that powder stream controller 3 receives and difference value of zero to it is corresponding when powder stream controller 3 control powder feeder 2 and keep
Existing powder feed rate.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, step S1 further includes presetting the amplitude of accommodation, in step S3, quasi-
After voltage signal and reference voltage signal carry out calculating difference, difference and the amplitude of accommodation are compared, adjusted when difference is more than or equal to
When amplitude, then digital voltage signal is converted into according to the difference after calculating；When difference is less than the amplitude of accommodation, it is not converted into number
Voltage signal.In the present embodiment, when difference is less than the amplitude of accommodation, powder stream is varied less at this time, without adjusting powder feeder, works as difference
When more than or equal to this amplitude of accommodation, powder stream controller 3 adjusts powder feeder 2, can so reduce the adjusting frequency of powder feeder 2.This
In the actual processing process, the size of the amplitude of accommodation is changed according to specific production status.
In the present embodiment, difference and amplitude of accommodation comparison are referred to and compare the absolute value of difference and the amplitude of accommodation.Specifically
Ground, in the present embodiment, the occurrence of the amplitude of accommodation is more than or equal to the 5% of reference voltage signal.
Above description is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device, including flowing to the powder-feeding nozzle of workpiece surface for spraying powder and being sent with described
The powder feeder of powder nozzle connection, it is characterised in that: the laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device further includes powder stream controller and monitoring
Mechanism, the mechanism for monitoring include light source and illuminance sensor, and the light source is set to the side below the powder-feeding nozzle
And the powder stream transmitting light beam for spraying to the powder-feeding nozzle, the illuminance sensor are set to the powder-feeding nozzle
The other side of lower section, the illuminance sensor are connect for receiving across the powder stream with the powder stream controller electric signal
Light beam and be sent to the powder stream controller by optical signal converted electrical number and by the electric signal, the powder stream controller with
The powder feeder electric signal connects and is used to receive the electric signal and adjusts the powder feeding of the powder feeder according to the electric signal
Speed.
2. laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mechanism for monitoring further includes
One fixed link and the second fixed link, one end of first fixed link is fixedly connected with the powder-feeding nozzle, the other end extends to
Side below the powder-feeding nozzle, the light source are fixedly connected on the other end of first fixed link, and described second is fixed
One end of bar is fixedly connected with the powder-feeding nozzle, the other end extends to the other side below the powder-feeding nozzle, the illumination
Degree sensor is fixedly connected on the other end of second fixed link.
3. laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mechanism for monitoring further includes using
In it is cooling and protect the first cooling protection module of the light source and for cooling down and protecting the illuminance sensor second
Cooling protection module.
4. laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing
Device further includes cooling-water machine, and first protective module includes the first shell with the first cavity, is set in the first shell
There are the first inlet opening, the first apopore and is connected to first cavity and towards the first through hole of the powder stream, the light source
Rear end is embedded in the first through hole and protrudes into first cavity and the light source and the first shell are tightly connected, institute
Cooling-water machine is stated to connect with first inlet opening and first apopore into first cavity respectively by two water pipes
Supply cooling water.
5. laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing
Device further includes cooling-water machine, and second protective module includes the second shell with the second cavity, is set in the second shell
There are the second inlet opening, the second apopore and is connected to second cavity and towards the second through-hole of the powder stream, the illuminance
The rear end of sensor is embedded in second through-hole and protrudes into second cavity and the illuminance sensor and described the
Two housing seals connection, the cooling-water machine by two water pipes connect respectively with second inlet opening and second apopore with
Cooling water is supplied into second cavity.
6. laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the laser powder feeding increasing material manufacturing
Device further includes connecting with the illuminance sensor electric signal and detecting the light beam for receiving the illuminance sensor
And the control box of the analog voltage signal generated, the control box are also connect to be used for institute with the powder stream controller electric signal
Analog voltage signal is stated to be converted to digital voltage signal and the digital voltage signal is sent to the powder stream controller.
7. a kind of powder method of flow control, comprising the following steps:
S1: preset reference voltage signal；
S2: Xiang Fenliu illumination beam, and detect the intensity of illumination of the light beam across powder stream；
S3: being converted to contrast potential signal for the intensity of illumination, and by the contrast potential signal and reference voltage signal into
Row comparison；
S4: according to the comparing result of the contrast potential signal and the reference voltage signal, the powder feed rate of powder feeder is adjusted；
S5: step S2 described in circulating repetition to step S4.
8. powder method of flow control according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the preset reference voltage letter in the step S1
Number specifically: when and steady operation sufficient in powder feeder powder amount, Xiang Fenliu illumination beam, and detect the light beam across powder stream
Intensity of illumination, intensity of illumination is converted into reference voltage signal.
9. powder method of flow control according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: preset reference voltage signal in the step S1
Specifically: the reference voltage signal is preset manually.
10. powder method of flow control according to any one of claims 7 to 9, it is characterised in that: described in the step S3
Contrast potential signal is analog voltage signal, and comparison process includes counting the analog voltage signal with reference voltage signal
Difference is calculated, digital voltage signal is converted into according to the difference after calculating, the digital voltage signal is comparing result.
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Application publication date: 20190726 |