CN110041636B - 一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110041636B CN110041636B CN201910331934.6A CN201910331934A CN110041636B CN 110041636 B CN110041636 B CN 110041636B CN 201910331934 A CN201910331934 A CN 201910331934A CN 110041636 B CN110041636 B CN 110041636B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- composite material
- plastic composite
- retardant
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012762 magnetic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphono dihydrogen phosphate;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/28—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2497/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0856—Iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
- C08K2003/2275—Ferroso-ferric oxide (Fe3O4)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate
- C08K2003/323—Ammonium polyphosphate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/001—Conductive additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/01—Magnetic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/04—Antistatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/22—Halogen free composition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法,其中无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料包括以下质量份的各组分:聚苯乙烯40‑90质量份、木粉10‑30质量份、抗静电剂10‑50质量份、阻燃体系10‑50质量份。本发明采用溶液法制备无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料,用偶联剂对填料进行预处理,促进了填料在树脂中的分散和填料与树脂基体间的相容性;利用磁场作用使磁性金属粉末沿着磁场方向定向排列,在模塑过程中易于形成导电通路,从而在提高木塑复合材料抗静电性能的同时,减少抗静电剂用量,有效地降低生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种木塑复合材料及其制备方法,具体地说是一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
木塑复合材料(Wood Plastic Composite,简称WPC)是由低成本、天然的木材、麻等天然纤维或粉体材料与热塑性塑料复合制成的一种新型绿色环保材料,具有高强重比与抗冲击能力,良好的尺寸稳定性与可加工性能等优势。目前,WPC主要用于建筑领域的门窗、地板、隔板等。由于木塑复合材料主要由两种可燃且电绝缘性能较好的热塑性塑料和木质纤维材料组成,当用作建筑和装饰材料使用时具有火灾隐患,易产生静电,尤其是当用在手术室、电子器件车间等重要领域时,对其进行阻燃及抗静电处理尤为重要。因此,通过对木塑复合材料进行抗静电和阻燃研究赋予木塑复合材料新的性能,扩大其应用范围,提高产品的附加值,具有很重要的意义。
目前,多采用在木塑复合材料中添加阻燃剂的方式来提高木塑复合材料的阻燃性能。申请号为200910072237.X的专利公开了一种利用改性塑料制备阻燃型木塑复合材料的方法,它以18-22份的焦磷酸三聚氰胺盐或聚磷酸三聚氰胺为主阻燃剂,1-8份淀粉为成炭剂,0.5-34份分子筛为协效剂、1-10份硼酸锌为抑烟剂构成膨胀型阻燃剂,制得了阻燃性能较好的木塑复合材料,但是阻燃剂的添加量比较大,成本过高且木塑复合材料力学性能较差。类似的还有,申请号为201811091032.1的专利公布了一种阻燃聚乙烯木塑复合材料的制备方法。该专利所制备的木塑材料虽然阻燃效果较好,但其力学性能差。申请号为201710412564.X的专利公布了一种地热供暖用高导热阻燃聚氯乙烯木塑地板及其制备方法,所制备的木塑具有良好的导热防火性能,但是所使用的阻燃剂为八溴醚和磷酸三苯酯,水溶性差,燃烧时释放出有毒气体,且生产成本高,限制其使用范围。
对于高分子复合材料的抗静电方法有多种,其最终目的是使高分子复合材料在使用中少产生静电荷或者将所产生静电荷及时地泄露出去。徐凤娇(林业工程学报,2016,1(5):45-51)通过添加三种不同类型的抗静电剂提高PVC木塑复合材料的抗静电性能,发现SAS-93型抗静电剂对PVC木塑复合材料的抗静电作用效果最好,但SAS-93极易吸湿,不易存储。申请号201610533566.X的专利公布了一种抗静电麦秸秆聚丙烯木塑复合材料及其制备方法,其使用的抗静电剂为改性的导电炭黑(按重量将80份导电炭黑、3份硅烷偶联剂和200mL无水乙醇放入三口瓶中,在60℃下搅拌1.5h,抽滤后将滤饼置于烘箱中,在105℃条件下烘干,粉碎研磨后制得),将改性的导电炭黑加入木塑复合材料中,得到的木塑材料抗静电性能良好,但是其抗静电剂制备工艺复杂,不易实现工业化生产。类似的还有,申请号为201410723764.3的专利公开了一种导电/抗静电聚乙烯木塑复合材料及其制备方法,通过添加高导电的碳纳米管,制得导电/抗静电木塑复合材料,使得木塑复合材料的导电、抗静电性能得以满足在不同条件下的使用,但其所使用的抗静电剂价格昂贵,抗静电木塑材料的生产成本高,不利于批量化生产。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有木塑复合材料抗静电性能差和易燃烧等问题,提供了一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法。
为了使木塑复合材料在更低填充量下具有更好的抗静电性能,本发明通过溶液法制备无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料,利用磁场作用使原本随机排列的磁性金属粉末沿着磁场方向定向排列,在复合材料的模塑过程中易于形成导电通路,从而在提高木塑复合材料抗静电性能的同时,减少抗静电剂的用量,降低了成本,且技术路线便捷,抗静电效果好。
本发明无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料,包括以下质量份的组分:
所述聚苯乙烯的熔体流动速率(MFR)为0.5-8g/10min。
所述木粉的粒径为40-80目。
所述抗静电剂为铁粉(Fe)、四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)或者镍粉(Ni)等磁性填料,且磁性填料的粒径≥100目。
所述阻燃体系包括阻燃剂和协效剂,其中阻燃剂为聚合度1000-4000的聚磷酸铵,协效剂为季戊四醇、三聚氰胺、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝等中的一种或几种;所述阻燃剂与协效剂的质量比为1:2-4:1。
本发明无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:填料预处理
将木粉、磁性填料、阻燃剂和协效剂浸泡在含有偶联剂的乙醇溶液中,超声分散0.5-1h,然后在40-60℃水浴下搅拌1.5-3h,过滤,备用;
步骤2:基体预处理
将聚苯乙烯加入三氯甲烷中,50℃水浴搅拌分散2-4h至完全溶解;
步骤3:填料与基体混合
将步骤1获得的改性填料加入步骤2获得的溶液中,先在50℃搅拌3h,然后升温至60-70℃搅拌1h,待溶液呈粘稠状,停止搅拌;
步骤4:磁场取向处理
将步骤3获得的混合溶液倒入模具中,施加磁场使磁性填料沿磁场线规整排列,待混合物冷却、固化后,于50-80℃烘箱中干燥、除泡24-48h以后,即制得无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料。
步骤1中,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂等中的任意一种。填料预处理时所用偶联剂与填料(木粉、抗静电剂、阻燃剂和协效剂)的质量比为1:30-1:8。
步骤2中,聚苯乙烯与三氯甲烷的质量体积比为1g:3-10mL。
步骤4中,所述模具为玻璃模具或陶瓷模具等非金属模具。
步骤4中,所述磁场为交变磁场,磁场强度为30-150 Gs,处理时间为20-60min。
本发明采用“溶液法”混合填料与基体树脂,有利于促进填料在树脂中的分散;采用偶联剂对填料进行预处理,改善了填料与树脂基体间的相容性;通过磁场取向调控使金属填料在基体中定向分布,在复合材料的模塑过程中易于形成导电通路,从而在提高复合材料抗静电性能的同时,降低抗静电剂的用量,降低生产成本,且技术路线便捷,抗静电效果好。
附图说明
图1是所制备的PS木塑复合材料沿磁场取向方向脆断截面的扫描电子显微镜照片。其中虚线上方为实施例1,虚线下方为对比例1。
图2是所制备的PS木塑复合材料沿磁场取向方向脆断截面的扫描电子显微镜照片。其中虚线上方为实施例2,虚线下方为对比例2。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步说明,但是本发明的范围不受这些实施例的限制。
实施例1:
1、配料
PS塑料75g,木粉25g,Fe粉20g,APP20g,Mg(OH)2 5g。
2、制备
1)先将木粉、Fe粉、APP和Mg(OH)2浸泡在含有5g硅烷偶联剂的乙醇溶液中,超声分散1h,50℃水浴下搅拌分散2h,过滤,得到混合料A,备用;
2)将PS塑料加入三氯甲烷溶液中,50℃下搅拌分散3h;
3)待PS完全溶解后,将混合料A加入到溶有PS的三氯甲烷中,先在50℃搅拌3h,然后升温至65℃搅拌1h待溶液呈粘稠状,停止搅拌;
4)将上述的溶液在倒入玻璃模具中,施加100Gs的磁场作用,作用时间为30min,使Fe粉沿磁场线规整排列,待混合物冷却、固化后,在70℃烘箱中干燥、除泡24h以后,即可制得无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料。
对比例1:
1、配料
PS塑料75g,木粉25g,Fe粉20g,APP20g,Mg(OH)25g。
2、制备
1)先将木粉、Fe粉、APP和Mg(OH)2浸泡在含有5g硅烷偶联剂的乙醇溶液中,超声分散1h,50℃下搅拌分散2h,过滤,得到混合料A,备用;
2)将PS塑料加入三氯甲烷溶液中,50℃下搅拌分散3h;
3)待PS完全溶解后,将混合料A加入到溶有PS的三氯甲烷中,先在50℃搅拌3h,然后升温至65℃搅拌1h待溶液呈粘稠状,停止搅拌;
4)将上述的溶液在倒入玻璃模具中,冷却、固化后,在70℃烘箱中干燥、除泡24h以后,即可制得无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料。
实施例2:
1、配料
PS塑料75g,木粉25g,Fe粉30g,APP10g,Mg(OH)25g。
2、制备
1)先将木粉、Fe粉、APP和Mg(OH)2浸泡在含有5g硅烷偶联剂的乙醇溶液中,超声分散1h,50℃下搅拌分散2h,过滤,得到混合料A,备用;
2)将PS塑料加入三氯甲烷溶液中,50℃下搅拌分散3h;
3)待PS完全溶解后,将混合料A加入到溶有PS的三氯甲烷中,先在50℃搅拌3h,然后升温至65℃搅拌1h待溶液呈粘稠状,停止搅拌;
4)将上述的溶液在倒入玻璃模具中,施加100Gs的磁场作用,作用时间为30min,使Fe粉沿磁场线规整排列,待混合物冷却、固化后,在70℃烘箱中干燥、除泡24h以后,即可制得无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料。
对比例2:
1、配料
PS塑料75g,木粉25g,Fe粉30g,APP10g,Mg(OH)25g。
2、制备
1)先将木粉、Fe粉、APP和Mg(OH)2浸泡在含有5g硅烷偶联剂的乙醇溶液中,超声分散1h,50℃下搅拌分散2h,过滤,得到混合料A,备用;
2)将PS塑料加入三氯甲烷溶液中,50℃下搅拌分散3h;
3)待PS完全溶解后,将混合料A加入到溶有PS的三氯甲烷中,先在50℃搅拌3h,然后升温至65℃搅拌1h待溶液呈粘稠状,停止搅拌;
4)将上述的溶液在倒入玻璃模具中,冷却、固化后,在70℃烘箱中干燥、除泡24h以后,即可制得无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料。
将实施例和对比例制备的复合材料进行抗静电性能、机械性能、燃烧性能测试,测试结果如下:
表1. PS木塑复合材料物理性能测试数据表
样品号 | 体积电阻率(Ω·m) | 缺口冲击强度(kJ/m<sup>2</sup>) |
实施例1 | 1.58E+09 | 3.38 |
对比例1 | 2.57E+09 | 3.44 |
实施例2 | 1.06E+09 | 3.59 |
对比例2 | 2.14E+09 | 3.69 |
注:体积电阻率依据GB/T 1410-2006标准测试;缺口冲击强度依据GB/T 1043.1-2008标准测试。
表2. PS木塑复合材料燃烧性能测试数据表
样品号 | 实施例1 | 对比例1 | 实施例2 | 对比例2 |
点燃时间(s) | 54 | 54 | 52 | 51 |
总热释放量(MJ·m<sup>-2</sup>) | 89.2 | 83.2 | 86.1 | 88.3 |
热释放速率峰值(kW·m<sup>-2</sup>) | 334.8 | 339.5 | 342.9 | 346.6 |
平均热释放速率(kW·m<sup>-2</sup>) | 127.2 | 141.5 | 149.5 | 167.8 |
火灾指数(kW·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>) | 3.21 | 3.39 | 3.52 | 3.32 |
质量损失率(%) | 0.037 | 0.041 | 0.042 | 0.045 |
产烟量(m<sup>2</sup>) | 7.33 | 26.5 | 7.08 | 17.6 |
CO气体产量(m<sup>2</sup>) | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
CO<sub>2</sub>气体产量(m<sup>2</sup>) | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 0.38 |
残炭率(wt%) | 19.7 | 22.1 | 14.1 | 16.7 |
氧指数(%) | 35 | 33 | 28 | 26 |
UL-94等级 | V-0 | V-0 | V-1 | V-1 |
注:锥形量热仪测试依据ASTM E1354、ISO 5560标准执行;氧指数测试依据GB/T2406.2-2009标准执行;UL-94测试依据GB/T 2408-2008标准执行。
从表1中可以看出,经过磁场取向处理后的样品(实施例1、2)与未经磁场取向处理后的样品(对比例1、2)相比,体积电阻率具有不同程度的改变。由此说明,在磁场取向后,铁粉在木塑复合材料沿着磁场线方向作定向排列,有利于形成导电网络,明显提高了木塑复合材料的抗静电性能。图1和图2显示的是所制备的PS木塑复合材料经液氮冷冻后沿磁场取向方向脆断截面的扫描电子显微镜照片。不难看到,未经磁场取向的试样随机分布在树脂基体中,Fe粉颗粒被木粉和PS基体阻隔,无法相互接触形成有效的导电网络。经磁场作用后,Fe粉被重新排列,Fe粉沿着磁场方向定向排列,相互接触几率增加,容易形成有效的导电网络,使复合材料抗静电性能提高。此外,实施例1、2和对比例1、2冲击强度,未发生显著变化,由此可知磁场取向可以在不显著降低木塑复合材料机械性能的前提下,提高木塑复合材料抗静电性能。表2中燃烧性能测试数据结果表明,本实施方法得到的无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料具有良好的阻燃特性。
综上所述,本发明可以在保证具有良好机械性能的前提下,使木塑复合材料的阻燃性能和抗静电性能得到显著提高,且技术路线便捷,适合工业化生产。
以上仅对本发明做了示例性的描述,需要说明的是,在不脱离本发明核心的情况下,任何简单的变形、修改或者其他本领域技术人员能够不花费创造性劳动的等同替换均在本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
步骤1:预处理
将木粉、磁性填料、阻燃剂和协效剂浸泡在含有偶联剂的乙醇溶液中,超声分散0.5-1h,然后在40-60℃水浴下搅拌1.5-3 h,过滤,备用;
步骤2:基体预处理
将聚苯乙烯加入三氯甲烷中,50℃水浴搅拌分散2-4 h至完全溶解;
步骤3:混合
将步骤1预处理后获得的原料加入步骤2获得的溶液中,先在50℃搅拌3 h,然后升温至60-70℃搅拌1 h,待溶液呈粘稠状,停止搅拌;
步骤4:磁场取向处理
将步骤3获得的混合溶液倒入模具中,施加磁场使磁性填料沿磁场线规整排列,待混合物冷却、固化后,于50-80℃烘箱中干燥、除泡24-48h以后,即制得无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料;
所述无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料包括以下质量份的组分:
聚苯乙烯 40-90份
木粉 10-30份
磁性填料 10-50份
阻燃体系 10-50份;
所述聚苯乙烯的熔体流动速率为0.5-8 g/10min;
所述木粉的粒径为40-80目;
所述磁性填料为铁粉、四氧化三铁或者镍粉,且磁性填料的粒径≥100目;
所述阻燃体系包括阻燃剂和协效剂,阻燃剂与协效剂的质量比为1:2-4:1,其中阻燃剂为聚合度1000-4000的聚磷酸铵,协效剂为季戊四醇、三聚氰胺、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝中的一种或几种;
步骤1中,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂中的任意一种;偶联剂与木粉、磁性填料、阻燃剂和协效剂总质量之比为1:30-1:8;
步骤2中,聚苯乙烯与三氯甲烷的质量体积比为1g:3-10mL;
步骤4中,所述磁场为交变磁场,磁场强度为30-150 Gs,处理时间为20-60 min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:
步骤4中,所述模具为玻璃模具或陶瓷模具。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910331934.6A CN110041636B (zh) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | 一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910331934.6A CN110041636B (zh) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | 一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110041636A CN110041636A (zh) | 2019-07-23 |
CN110041636B true CN110041636B (zh) | 2022-04-26 |
Family
ID=67278910
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910331934.6A Active CN110041636B (zh) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | 一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110041636B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110564113B (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-11-30 | 重庆金美新材料科技有限公司 | 一种导电母粒及其制备方法 |
CN110591462B (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-11-30 | 重庆金美新材料科技有限公司 | 一种导电涂料及其制备方法 |
CN114801263B (zh) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-05-16 | 安吉正源塑木装饰材料有限公司 | 一种竹炭纤维-聚乙烯复合地板及其制备工艺 |
CN115926453B (zh) * | 2023-01-13 | 2024-05-17 | 深圳科立尔科技有限公司 | 一种具有抗静电作用的尼龙母粒及其制备方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101875746A (zh) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-11-03 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | 苯乙烯系无卤阻燃型注塑级木塑复合材料及其制备方法 |
CN104327530A (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-04 | 东北林业大学 | 一种阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法 |
CN105924859A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽大学 | 一种利用磁场提高铁粉填充pvdf复合材料导电性能的方法 |
CN106467652A (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-03-01 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 一种导电的复合封装材料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW589340B (en) * | 2000-08-22 | 2004-06-01 | Ajinomoto Kk | A woody thermoplastic resin composition |
CN100366676C (zh) * | 2005-09-01 | 2008-02-06 | 沈阳建筑大学 | 增强体定向排列的复合材料及其制备方法 |
CA2813249A1 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-05 | University Of Tennessee Research Foundation | Multigraft copolymers as superelastomers |
-
2019
- 2019-04-24 CN CN201910331934.6A patent/CN110041636B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101875746A (zh) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-11-03 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | 苯乙烯系无卤阻燃型注塑级木塑复合材料及其制备方法 |
CN104327530A (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-04 | 东北林业大学 | 一种阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法 |
CN106467652A (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-03-01 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 一种导电的复合封装材料及其制备方法 |
CN105924859A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽大学 | 一种利用磁场提高铁粉填充pvdf复合材料导电性能的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Investigation of the properties of polystyrenebased wood plastic composites: effects of the flame retardant loading and magnetic fields;Liang chenwu,等;《Journal of Polymer Engineering》;20190622;第39卷(第8期);第704-715页 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN110041636A (zh) | 2019-07-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110041636B (zh) | 一种无卤阻燃抗静电木塑复合材料及其制备方法 | |
CN112225945B (zh) | 一种氢氧化镁-微胶囊阻燃剂及其制备方法 | |
Zhang et al. | A novel organic-inorganic hybrid K-HBPE@ APP performing excellent flame retardancy and smoke suppression for polypropylene | |
Zhu et al. | Synthesis of an effective bio-based flame-retardant curing agent and its application in epoxy resin: curing behavior, thermal stability and flame retardancy | |
Fang et al. | A bio-based intumescent flame retardant with biomolecules functionalized ammonium polyphosphate enables polylactic acid with excellent flame retardancy | |
Xu et al. | The effect of ammonium polyphosphate on the mechanism of phosphorous-containing hydrotalcite synergism of flame retardation of polypropylene | |
CN104910630B (zh) | 一种含阻燃增效组合物的阻燃剂及其制备方法 | |
CN105237968A (zh) | 一种阻燃聚丁二酸丁二醇酯复合材料及其制备方法 | |
Huang et al. | Flame retardant polypropylene with a single molecule intumescent flame retardant based on chitosan | |
CN101857692B (zh) | Pe/氢氧化镁复合阻燃材料 | |
CN107778663B (zh) | 一种蒙脱土复合阻燃材料及其制备方法 | |
CN115216142B (zh) | 一种抗静电无卤阻燃增强尼龙复合材料及其制备方法 | |
Song et al. | Chitosan-regulated inorganic oxyacid salt flame retardants: preparation and application in PVC composites | |
CN106700227A (zh) | 一种聚丙烯纳米蒙脱土膨胀阻燃复合材料及其制备方法 | |
Zhou et al. | Improve the mechanical property and flame retardant efficiency of the composites of poly (lactic acid) and resorcinol di (phenyl phosphate)(RDP) with ZnO‐coated kenaf | |
CN104327441A (zh) | 一种蒙脱土协效阻燃abs复合材料及其制备方法 | |
CN112250985A (zh) | 一种无卤阻燃abs组合物及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN114058225B (zh) | 一种玄武岩/次磷酸铝阻燃耐水涂料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN115011078A (zh) | 一种阻燃环保pet塑料及其制备方法 | |
CN104693705A (zh) | 一种高强膨胀阻燃聚丁二酸丁二醇酯及其制备方法 | |
CN101838402A (zh) | 一种纳米改性复合阻燃剂的制备方法 | |
CN106243387B (zh) | 一种导热阻燃剂及其制备方法 | |
CN105038241A (zh) | 一种回收有机硅橡胶废料再加工的有机硅阻燃剂及其制备方法 | |
CN108976754A (zh) | 一种抗静电阻燃复合材料及其制备方法和用途 | |
CN106519421A (zh) | 一种阻燃型复合片材及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |