CN110048979B

CN110048979B - Multi-domain combined trigger device

Info

Publication number: CN110048979B
Application number: CN201910309530.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张沁川; 叶芃; 曾浩; 郭连平; 梁一平
Original assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Current assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Priority date: 2019-04-17
Filing date: 2019-04-17
Publication date: 2021-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-17
Also published as: CN110048979A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-domain combined trigger device, which is characterized in that a data preprocessing module is added on the basis of the prior trigger technology to circularly read data stored in a pre-trigger part of a storage unit according to groups, and each group is subjected to windowing treatment according to K sections read step by step and then is respectively sent to K time-frequency analysis subunits in a one-to-one correspondence manner; each time-frequency analysis subunit performs time-frequency analysis on a section of data and stores analysis results in K storage areas of the RAM correspondingly one by one; and the trigger condition judgment module is used for judging the trigger condition of the analysis result according to the sequence of frequency, energy and time, if the analysis result meets the trigger condition, a write enable signal is sent to the data cache module, and new data is written into the storage unit until the storage unit is full. Therefore, the triggering problem in multi-domain signal analysis is solved, the triggering condition is different from the traditional triggering condition of a time domain or a frequency domain, the triggering condition is set from three angles of time, frequency and energy, and the stability and the observation effect of the multi-domain signal analysis are improved.

Description

Multi-domain combined trigger device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of signal processing, and particularly relates to a multi-domain combined trigger device.

Background

With the continuous development of radio technology, radio signals are becoming more and more complex. Especially in the field of communication engineering, most communication signals have non-stationarity, that is, the distribution parameters of the communication signals are constantly changed along with time. Taking digital frequency modulated signals as an example, the frequency of the carrier wave is constantly changing with time, and for amplitude modulated signals, the amplitude of the carrier wave is constantly changing with time. The partial modulation mode combines frequency and amplitude modulation, the amplitude and frequency of which signals vary over time. Therefore, the analysis of non-stationary signals is often performed at a multi-domain level in combination with multiple angles such as time, frequency, energy, and the like.

After the development of multi-domain signal analysis in recent decades, many mature signal processing theories such as short-time fourier transform, wigger distribution, wavelet transform and the like exist. The time-frequency information of the multi-domain signal obtained by these processing methods is generally represented by a two-dimensional matrix shown in fig. 1, where the row index represents time information and the column index represents frequency information. After the two-dimensional matrix is obtained, a corresponding time-frequency joint analysis graph can be drawn by using the two-dimensional matrix, taking a frequency hopping signal as an example, and the time domain graph and the time-frequency joint analysis graph are shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3.

Triggering is a technique commonly used in the field of signal processing. Specifically, when analyzing a signal, in order to synchronize a scanning signal with a signal to be measured, some conditions need to be set manually, the signal to be measured is constantly compared with the scanning signal, and only when the signal to be measured satisfies the conditions, the analysis is performed. These conditions are referred to as trigger conditions. The trigger conditions are set in various ways, some from a time domain perspective and some from a frequency domain perspective.

Existing trigger conditions are basically set from the perspective of a single domain. The most common signal analysis devices currently used are Digital Storage Oscilloscopes (DSOs), Spectrum Analyzers (SAs), which can analyze the time domain and the frequency domain of a signal, respectively. In the time domain, the triggering methods include edge triggering, slope triggering, pulse width triggering, pattern triggering, and the like. In the frequency domain, the triggering method includes frequency band triggering and the like.

For multi-domain signal analysis, it is not reasonable to set the trigger condition from one domain alone, where time-domain analysis focuses on the energy of the signal over time, and frequency-domain analysis based on fourier transform focuses on the energy of the signal over frequency. However, fourier transforms have their limitations: when the fourier transform is used for spectrum analysis, all information of the signal in the whole time domain must be utilized, so that the triggering mode of the traditional oscilloscope and spectrometer needs to be expanded and improved in the application of multi-domain analysis of the signal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multi-domain combined trigger device, and provides a multi-domain analysis-oriented trigger scheme from the perspective of multi-domain so as to solve the trigger problem in multi-domain signal analysis.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-domain cooperative triggering apparatus, comprising:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the multi-domain signals conditioned by the analog channel;

the data caching module is used for receiving and caching the data acquired by the data acquisition module, a storage unit is distributed in the data caching module, the storage depth of the storage unit is L, the pre-trigger depth is LP, the pre-trigger part is written all the time when the data is received, and the pre-trigger part is completely written and then loses points according to first-in first-out until a trigger signal arrives;

it is characterized by also comprising:

the data preprocessing module is used for reading K sections of data stored in the pre-trigger part of the storage unit according to the data length W and the stepping delta, windowing each section of data by adopting a window function with the length W, sending the K sections of data subjected to the segmented windowing processing into K time-frequency analysis subunits in a one-to-one correspondence mode according to the segments, continuing reading and windowing the next group of K sections of data, sending the K sections of data into the K time-frequency analysis subunits in a one-to-one correspondence mode according to the segments, reading, windowing and outputting the data until the data reading, windowing and outputting of the pre-trigger part of the storage unit are finished, and then, circulating;

the K time-frequency analysis subunits are used for carrying out time-frequency analysis on each group of K data subjected to segmented windowing processing and sequentially input, and the analysis result of each section of data is respectively stored into corresponding storage areas of the RAM;

the RAM memory is provided with K storage areas, and the RAM memory respectively receives and stores the analysis results of the K time-frequency analysis subunits in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

the trigger condition judging module is used for judging the trigger condition of each analysis result stored in K storage areas in the RAM according to the sequence of frequency and energy:

extracting corresponding data segments according to the frequency triggering condition for each analysis result, wherein the data sequence number of the extracted data segment is as follows:

wherein the frequency triggering condition is that the frequency interval is (F)₁,F₂) Fs is the sampling frequency of the data acquisition module;

the energy of the data segment extracted according to the data column number passes through a comparator and a threshold energy E of an energy interval₁，E₂Comparing, satisfying the energy triggering condition, namely the energy interval is (E)₁,E₂) If the condition is not met, the pulse signal is not output;

then, judging the time trigger condition of the analysis results stored in K storage areas in the RAM memory:

starting from the analysis result output by the first time-frequency analysis subunit meeting the energy triggering condition, sequentially judging whether the analysis result output by the subsequent time-frequency analysis subunit meets the frequency triggering condition and the energy triggering condition, if so, outputting a pulse signal, and if not, not outputting the pulse signal;

recording the pulse signals in sequence and circularly, if the pulse duration output time T meets the time trigger condition, namely the time interval is (T)₁,T₂) And sending a write enable signal (trigger signal) to the data buffer module, and starting to write new data into the storage unit until the storage unit is fully written, wherein the pulse duration output time T is as follows: t is P multiplied by delta/Fs, and P is the number of the analysis results which continuously meet the frequency triggering condition and the energy triggering condition; if the pulse duration output time T does not meet the time trigger condition, namely the time interval is (T)₁,T₂) In between, the next pulse after the pulse is not continuously output continues to circularly record the pulseAnd (4) continuously judging whether the pulse continuous output time meets the time trigger condition.

The object of the invention is thus achieved.

The multi-domain combined trigger device is characterized in that a data preprocessing module is additionally arranged on the basis of the prior trigger technology to circularly read data stored in a pre-trigger part of a storage unit according to groups, and each group is subjected to windowing processing according to K sections read step by step and then is respectively sent to K time-frequency analysis subunits in a one-to-one correspondence manner; each time-frequency analysis subunit performs time-frequency analysis on a section of data and stores analysis results in K storage areas of the RAM correspondingly one by one; and the trigger condition judgment module is used for judging the trigger condition of the analysis result according to the sequence of frequency, energy and time, if the analysis result meets the trigger condition, a write enable signal is sent to the data cache module, and new data is written into the storage unit until the storage unit is full. Therefore, the triggering problem in multi-domain signal analysis is solved, the triggering condition is different from the traditional triggering condition of a time domain or a frequency domain, the triggering condition is set from three angles of time, frequency and energy, and the stability and the observation effect of the multi-domain signal analysis are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency analysis matrix format;

FIG. 2 is a real time domain diagram of a frequency hopping signal;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of multi-domain joint analysis of signals;

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a multi-domain combinational triggering apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a memory cell;

FIG. 6 is a data processing schematic of a data pre-processing module;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a decision block architecture;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a triggered three-dimensional multi-domain analysis;

fig. 9 is a diagram of the time-frequency analysis of the signal after triggering.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in order to better understand the present invention for those skilled in the art with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-domain cooperative triggering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the multi-domain combined trigger device of the present invention includes a data acquisition module 1, a data cache module 2, a data preprocessing module 3, K time-frequency analysis subunits 4, an RAM memory 5, and a trigger condition determination module 6.

The multi-domain signal conditioned by the analog channel is input to the data acquisition module 1 for acquisition. In this embodiment, the multi-domain signal is a frequency hopping signal, and hops between 50Mhz, 150Mhz, 200Mhz, and 120 Mhz. The sampling rate Fs of the data acquisition module 1 is 600 MHz.

The data caching module 2 receives and caches the data acquired by the data acquisition module 1, and a storage unit is allocated in the data caching module 2, as shown in fig. 5, the storage depth of the storage unit is L, the pre-trigger depth is LP, and LP is L/2 in general. When receiving data, the pre-trigger part keeps the operation of reading while writing, namely the pre-trigger part writes all the time, and after the pre-trigger part is full, the pre-trigger part loses points according to first-in first-out until the trigger signal comes. After the trigger signal arrives, the received data is written into the rest storage part (with the depth of L-LP) of the storage unit.

As shown in fig. 6, the data preprocessing module 3 reads K segments of data from the data stored in the pre-trigger portion of the storage unit in accordance with the data length W and step Δ, performs windowing on each segment of data using a window function with the length W, and sends the K segments of data subjected to the segmented windowing processing as a group of data to the K time-frequency analysis subunits in a segment-to-segment correspondence, and then continues to read and window the next group of K segments of data and sends the data to the K time-frequency analysis subunits 4 in a segment-to-segment correspondence, so as to read, window and output the data until the data read, window and output by the pre-trigger portion of the storage unit are completed, and then the data is cycled. As shown in fig. 6, the first set of K-segment Data is Data [1, W ], Data [ Δ +1, Δ + W ], Data [2 Δ +1,2 Δ + W ],. said, Data [ (K-1) Δ +1, (K-1) Δ + W ], and the second set of K-segment Data is Data [ K Δ, K Δ + W ], Data [ (K +1) Δ +1, (K +1) Δ + W ], Data [ (K +2) Δ +1, (K +2) Δ + W ],. said, Data [ (2K-1) Δ +1, (2K-1) Δ + W ].

The K segments of data of each group are respectively sent to K time-frequency analysis subunits 4 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, time-frequency analysis is carried out on each group of K segments of data after segmented windowing processing is sequentially input, and the analysis result of each segment of data is respectively stored in a corresponding storage area of an RAM (random access memory) 5.

In this embodiment, K STFT subunits are allocated in the FPGA as K time-frequency analysis subunits 4, and FFT conversion is performed in parallel by groups. There are many theoretical methods for performing multi-domain signal time-frequency analysis, such as WVD, short-time fourier transform (STFT), wavelet transform, etc. In the present embodiment, a short-time fourier transform is taken as an example.

As shown in fig. 6, data is extracted from the storage unit, the STFT length is W points, the step Δ is 1, and the window function length is also W, then the first STFT subunit processes the 1-W data of the first group after windowing, the second STFT subunit processes the 2-W +1 data of the first group, and so on, the K-th FFT subunit processes the K-W + K-1 data of the first group. The first STFT subunit which enters the idle state after the processing of the 1 st to W th data of the first group processes the K +1 to W + K data of the second group, and the real-time STFT processing is completed through the parallel group-based pipeline processing mode.

The RAM 5 has K storage areas, and respectively receives and stores the analysis results of the K time-frequency analysis subunits in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the trigger condition determining module 6 first determines the trigger condition in the frequency-energy trigger condition determining module 601 according to the order of frequency and energy for each analysis result stored in the K storage areas of the RAM memory 5:

then, the time trigger condition is determined in the time trigger condition determining module 602 for the analysis results stored in the K storage areas in the RAM memory:

starting from the analysis result output by the first time-frequency analysis subunit meeting the energy triggering condition, sequentially judging whether the analysis result output by the subsequent time-frequency analysis subunit meets the frequency triggering condition and the energy triggering condition, if so, outputting a pulse, and if not, not outputting the pulse;

recording the pulse signals in sequence and circularly, if the pulse duration output time T meets the time trigger condition, namely the time interval is (T)₁,T₂) And sending a write enable signal (trigger signal) to the data buffer module, and starting to write new data into the storage unit until the storage unit is fully written, wherein the pulse duration output time T is as follows: t is P multiplied by delta/Fs, and P is the number of the analysis results which continuously meet the frequency triggering condition and the energy triggering condition; if the pulse duration output time T does not meet the time trigger condition, namely the time interval is (T)₁,T₂) And continuously and circularly recording the pulse in the next pulse after the pulse is not continuously output, and continuously judging whether the pulse continuous output time meets the time trigger condition.

According to the requirement of a user, a multi-domain triggering condition is set, and in the invention, the multi-domain triggering condition comprises three dimensions: time, frequency and energy. The user can perform multi-domain restriction on the satisfaction of the trigger condition, such as frequency trigger condition settingIs ((F)₁,F₂) The energy trigger condition is set to ((E)₁,E₂) Time trigger condition is set to (T)₁,T₂). Meaning specifically, only if the frequency of the multi-domain signal is at F₁-F₂In energy of E₁-E₂Of duration T₁-T₂Is triggered in between. In this embodiment, the trigger conditions used are a frequency of 150Mhz + -1 Mhz, an energy of more than 500mV, and a duration of more than 0.1 us.

In the present embodiment, the determination is performed in order of frequency, energy, and time based on the set trigger condition. Firstly, the corresponding point of each FFT subunit output is positioned according to the frequency condition. In this embodiment, the sampling rate Fs is 600MHz, the number of FFT points W is 1024, and the trigger condition is 150MHz ± 1 MHz. Accordingly, the corresponding point number range is 149/600 × 1024 to 151/600 × 1024 × 257, i.e., 254 th to 257 th points. Therefore, the number of points at that location is read from each FFT subunit. Calculating the energy value E expressed in volt according to the following formula after the result R corresponding to the position of each subunit is subjected to modulus calculation_v。

And comparing the calculation result with an energy triggering condition, outputting a pulse if the energy range is met, and recording. In this embodiment, the number of the pulse duration output time T is 60, which corresponds to 0.1 us. If P >60, the time-triggered condition is satisfied.

If the trigger conditions are all satisfied, a trigger signal is generated, a write enable signal (trigger signal) is sent to the data caching module, and new data is written into the storage unit until the storage unit is full. Then, a plurality of FFT subunits are adopted to alternately process the data in the storage unit in parallel, the conversion result is stored in a memory, the data corresponding to each M point is read from the memory as the row vector of the matrix, and the corresponding position of the data segment in the memory is the column number of the matrix from 1 to N. Thus, a second order matrix of N × M is formed, thereby generating one piece of multi-domain analysis waveform data. At this point, the single trigger process is complete. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional multi-domain analysis after triggering, and fig. 9 is a diagram of signal time-frequency analysis after triggering, and the triggering position is at the leftmost side of the screen. It can be seen that accurate triggering is performed at a position where the triggering condition of 150Mhz ± 1Mhz is satisfied.

And then, updating waveform data under the set triggering condition, and generating a two-dimensional matrix containing time, frequency and energy information in real time for subsequent display.

The multi-domain combined trigger device provided by the invention is an extension of the original time domain or frequency domain trigger condition, and when the trigger condition is set, the different settings of different domain trigger conditions can cause the corresponding change of the trigger mode. For example, if the frequency trigger condition is set to the full band, the time trigger condition is set to 0, and the energy trigger condition is set to a single energy E₁、E₂The upper limit is not set, the corresponding trigger mode is the rising edge trigger in the time domain, and the single energy E₂、E₁And setting the trigger mode to be 0, wherein the corresponding trigger mode is the rising edge trigger in the time domain. If only frequency triggering conditions are set, the time and energy triggering conditions are not limited, and the corresponding triggering mode is frequency band triggering.

Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.

Claims

1. A multi-domain federated trigger device, comprising:

it is characterized by also comprising:

wherein the frequency triggering condition is that the frequency interval is (F)₁,F₂) Fs is data acquisitionThe sampling frequency of the module;

recording the pulse signals in sequence and circularly, if the pulse duration output time T meets the time trigger condition, namely the time interval is (T)₁,T₂) And sending a write enable signal, namely a trigger signal, to the data caching module, and starting to write new data into the storage unit until the storage unit is fully written, wherein the pulse duration output time T is as follows: t is P multiplied by delta/Fs, and P is the number of the analysis results which continuously meet the frequency triggering condition and the energy triggering condition; if the pulse duration output time T does not meet the time trigger condition, namely the time interval is (T)₁,T₂) And continuously and circularly recording the pulse in the next pulse after the pulse is not continuously output, and continuously judging whether the pulse continuous output time meets the time trigger condition.

2. The multi-domain joint trigger device according to claim 1, wherein the time-frequency analysis is a short-time fourier transform, the energy of the data segment is extracted according to the data column number, the result corresponding to each subunit data column number is subjected to modulo operation, and an energy value E expressed in volt form is calculated_v。