CN119224859B - Ground-air frequency domain electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source layout and parameter design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic detection, and relates to a method for arranging and designing parameters of an electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in a ground-air frequency domain, wherein two emission sources are arranged according to geographic conditions; the method comprises the steps of determining a transmitting frequency range of a transmitting source, measuring environmental noise and internal noise of a receiving system to obtain total noise of the receiving system, determining minimum induced voltage of the receiving system, determining maximum induced voltage of the receiving system, calculating to obtain minimum value of electromagnetic response of field source excitation at a receiving position and maximum value of electromagnetic response of field source excitation at the receiving position, calculating maximum value and minimum value of three components of the electromagnetic response, calculating to obtain minimum transmitting electric dipole moment and maximum transmitting electric dipole moment, and determining a range of transmitting current of the transmitting source according to the maximum transmitting electric dipole moment and the minimum transmitting electric dipole moment. The field source layout which is suitable for the field environment, low in cost, high in efficiency and accurate in detection range is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic detection, and particularly relates to a ground-air frequency domain electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source layout and parameter design method suitable for exploration of complex areas of surface environments.
Background
The earth space frequency domain tilt electromagnetic detection method is a geophysical exploration method, and utilizes the difference of electromagnetic waves excited by an excitation device in the propagation process of different media to cause the difference of induced voltage signals obtained by a receiving system so as to distinguish an underground structure. The method does not destroy the surface vegetation and the underground structure, and is widely applied to various aspects such as geological structure investigation, mineral resource searching, natural disaster prevention and the like by virtue of the advantages of non-contact and high reliability. Compared with the traditional electromagnetic detection method, the artificial field source tilt electromagnetic detection method has higher detection precision and resolution, and can effectively detect the subtle change of the underground medium.
CN116088059a discloses an electromagnetic exploration method and system in artificial source frequency domain based on dual source error frequency transmission, the method utilizes two orthogonal field sources to transmit signals with different frequency combinations through error frequency, and realizes three-dimensional apparent resistivity data acquisition in a target area. The method can effectively distinguish electromagnetic response signals in different directions, thereby providing detailed underground structure information. However, there is a risk of signal interference, and the wrong frequency design requires precise control, and if the signal frequency is not properly selected, interference between different signals can be caused, so that the data quality is affected. In addition, the equipment is complex in arrangement, the system needs accurate field source arrangement, and especially in areas with complex terrains, the arrangement difficulty is increased, and the accuracy of data acquisition can be affected.
CN116088060a discloses an artificial source electromagnetic exploration system and method of orthogonal field source-error frequency excitation, the method uses two orthogonal field sources to transmit high-order pseudo-random signals, covering a complete frequency range, and realizing acquisition of three-dimensional electromagnetic data and separation of polarization modes through error frequency excitation. The method is particularly suitable for exploration of complex geological environments. However, the synchronous control difficulty is high, the synchronous control requirement of the system is strict, and any synchronous problem can lead to data inconsistency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low detection precision and low efficiency of underground deep abnormal body structures by providing a method for arranging and designing electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field sources in a ground-air frequency domain.
The present invention has been achieved in such a way that,
A method for layout and parameter design of an electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in a ground-air frequency domain comprises the following steps:
Two emission sources are arranged according to geographic conditions;
measuring the average resistivity level of the observation area, and determining the emission frequency range of one of the emission sources according to the average apparent resistivity level and the detection target depth;
Determining the adjacent emission frequency of the second source according to the emission frequency range of one emission source, so that the emission frequency of one emission source is different from the adjacent emission frequency of the second source by 0% -5%, and 0% is not included;
measuring the ambient noise and the internal noise of the receiving system to obtain the total noise of the receiving system, so that the induced voltage of the receiving system is greater than or equal to the total noise of the receiving system And noise threshold coefficientProduct of (2)Determining the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system according to the measuring range of the receiving systemAccording to the minimum induction voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induction voltage of the receiving system, calculating to obtain the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position;
calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of three components of electromagnetic response according to the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induced voltage of the receiving system;
Calculating to obtain minimum emission electric dipole moment and maximum emission electric dipole moment according to the maximum value and the minimum value of the three components of the electromagnetic response and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position;
The range of the emission current of the emission source is determined from the maximum emission electric dipole moment and the minimum emission electric dipole moment.
Further, measuring the average resistivity level of the observation area, and determining the emission frequency range of one of the emission sources according to the average apparent resistivity level and the depth of the detection target, specifically including:
Arranging current electrodes and potential electrodes in a selected electrode arrangement in an observation area, applying current to the ground through the current electrodes, measuring the generated potential difference through the potential electrodes, and calculating the resistivity according to the measured potential difference and current:
,
Wherein: is the electrode spacing and the distance between the electrodes, Is the potential difference and is used to determine the potential difference,Is the applied current, and the measured resistivity is averaged to obtain an average resistivity level;
Estimating a transmission frequency range of one of the transmission sources:
,
In the formula, To estimate a target transmit frequency; For the target detection depth, the target detection depth is an estimated range.
Further, the two emission sources are in a separated form.
Further, the maximum value and the minimum value in three components of electromagnetic response are calculated according to the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induced voltage of the receiving system, and a calculation formula is as follows:
,
Wherein, To receive the induced voltage of the system, is a range of values,For receiving the system inThe magnetic sensitivity coefficient on the component(s),For the transmission frequency to be high,Is that,Representation ofElectromagnetic response of the component.
Further, the calculation formula of the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position is:, representing the average magnetic sensitivity coefficient of each component of the receiving system, Taking outWhen the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position is obtained,Taking outWhen the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position is obtained.
Further, calculating a minimum emission electric dipole moment and a maximum emission electric dipole moment according to the maximum value and the minimum value of the three components of the electromagnetic response and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position, including:
from the ratio of the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position to the maximum value of the Z component of the electromagnetic response Minimum emitted moment of the component;
Calculate all the lines The minimum emission moment of the component is taken as the maximum value to obtain the observation areaMinimum emitted moment of the component;
and the observation area is obtained by the same method Minimum transmission moment of component and observation areaTaking the maximum value of the minimum transmission electric moment of the three components to obtain the minimum transmission electric moment of the observation area;
Maximum value of electromagnetic response according to field source excitation at receiving position and electromagnetic response The minimum value of the components is compared to obtainMaximum emission moment of the component;
Calculate all the lines Maximum emission moment of the component and minimum value are taken to obtain the observation areaMaximum emission moment of the component;
and the observation area is obtained by the same method Maximum emission moment of component and observation areaTaking the minimum value of the maximum transmission electric moment of the three components to obtain the maximum transmission electric moment of the observation area;
And determining the range of the emission current according to the minimum emission electric moment of the observation area and the maximum emission electric moment of the observation area.
Further, the maximum layout radius and the minimum layout radius of the emission sources from the observation area are obtained through calculation according to the minimum emission electric moment of the observation area and the maximum emission electric moment of the observation area, and the layout radius of the two emission sources and the distance between the two emission sources are adjusted according to the geographic conditions of the layout field sources, so that the observation area is located in an intersection area of an observation strong area generated by the two emission sources.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that the field source arrangement area is confirmed through the field environment by sequentially determining the combination mode of the field source through the detection depth required to be detected and the actual geographic environment, the noise level of the area is determined through the field device measurement, the range of the transmitting frequency is determined according to the geological information data, and finally the transmitting electric dipole moment and the transmitting current are determined, so that the field source arrangement which is suitable for the field environment and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and accuracy in detection range is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between an observation area and two emission source arrangement positions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A method for layout and parameter design of an electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in a ground-air frequency domain comprises the following steps:
Two emission sources are arranged according to geographic conditions;
measuring the average resistivity level of the observation area, and determining the emission frequency range of one of the emission sources according to the average apparent resistivity level and the detection target depth;
Determining the adjacent emission frequency of a second source according to the emission frequency range of one emission source, so that the emission frequency of one emission source is different from the adjacent emission frequency of the second source by 0% -5%, and the emission frequencies of the two emission sources are similar but not identical;
measuring the ambient noise and the internal noise of the receiving system to obtain the total noise of the receiving system, so that the induced voltage of the receiving system is greater than or equal to the total noise of the receiving system And noise threshold coefficientProduct of (2)Determining the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system according to the measuring range of the receiving systemAccording to the minimum induction voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induction voltage of the receiving system, calculating to obtain the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position;
calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of three components of electromagnetic response according to the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induced voltage of the receiving system;
Calculating to obtain minimum emission electric dipole moment and maximum emission electric dipole moment according to the maximum value and the minimum value of the three components of the electromagnetic response and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position;
The range of the emission current of the emission source is determined from the maximum emission electric dipole moment and the minimum emission electric dipole moment.
The method comprises the steps of determining the layout area of the field source, selecting a proper detection angle, determining the layout area of the field source according to the actual condition of the field, and determining the general azimuth of two emission sources according to the observation area and the external geographic condition. And establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking an observation area of the target as a central point, and determining how wide angles the double-field source is distributed to accord with the geographical conditions of the distributed field sources. Wherein the observation area is located at the intersection of the two field source strong regions laid out.
The two emission sources should be arranged as close as possible without affecting the emission effect and meeting the emission detection requirements, but at a distance generally not greater than 5km apart. As an alternative embodiment, when designing the transmission frequencies of the two transmission sources, it should be satisfied that the frequency types of the field sources are as many as possible and that the selection of the individual frequency points should avoid the power frequency interference signals, so that a high signal sampling rate can be ensured. In order to meet the requirement that two emission sources can emit simultaneously, the emission frequencies of the two emission sources should be similar but not identical, and the difference between the two emission sources should be in the range of 5% -10%.
Measuring an average resistivity level of the observation region, determining a range of emission frequencies for one of the emission sources based on the average apparent resistivity level and the depth of the detection target, comprising:
Arranging current electrodes and potential electrodes in a selected electrode arrangement in an observation area, applying current to the ground through the current electrodes, measuring the generated potential difference through the potential electrodes, and calculating the resistivity according to the measured potential difference and current:
,
Wherein: Is the electrode spacing, V is the potential difference, I is the applied current, and the measured resistivity is averaged to obtain the average resistivity level ;
Estimating a transmission frequency range of one of the transmission sources:
,
In the formula, To estimate a target transmit frequency; For the target detection depth, the target detection depth is an estimated range.
The known or inferred target detection depth determines the emission band of the emission source. And determining a field source emission frequency band according to the resistivity property and the burial depth of the abnormal body. If the geological data is known, the specific buried depth position of the known abnormal body can be substitutedAnd calculating to determine the maximum transmitting frequency and the transmitting frequency point.
The two emission sources can be used independently, and can also be in a detection mode of simultaneous operation with different frequencies, for example, when 16HZ is emitted in the x direction, 16.5HZ with small difference from the x direction is emitted simultaneously in the y direction, so that the error of the two frequencies is ensured to be less than 5% -10%, and when abnormal bodies with the difference of more than 5% -10% are found, the observation effect is better.
Measuring the ambient noise and the internal noise of the receiving system to obtain the total noise of the receiving system, so that the induced voltage of the receiving system is greater than or equal to the total noise of the receiving systemAnd noise threshold coefficientProduct of (2)Determining the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system according to the measuring range of the receiving systemThe method comprises the steps of determining the maximum induction voltage of a receiving system by enabling the induction voltage of the receiving system to be smaller than the range of the receiving system, and calculating the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position according to the minimum induction voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induction voltage of the receiving system, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
The induced voltage of the receiving system is known to have the following relationship with the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving location:
,
Wherein, Is the induced voltage of the receiving system,Is the average magnetic sensitivity coefficient of each component of the receiving system, is determined by the sensor and the circuit parameters,An electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the location is received.
Because the voltage of the total noise of the receiving system is equal to the ambient noiseAnd system internal noiseAnd:
,
in order to receive the valid signal, the induced voltage of the receiving system satisfies the following relationship:
,
Wherein, Is the total noise of the receiving system and,Is the noise threshold coefficient.
The mathematical expression of faraday's law of electromagnetic induction:
,
wherein, Indicating the number of turns of the receiving coil,Representing the magnetic flux through the receiving coil,Indicating the gain of the pre-amplifier,Represents the induced electromotive force of the magnetic field,Indicating the rate of change of the magnetic flux.Representing the area of a single turn coil.Representing signalsThe amplitude of the component magnetic field is transformed by Fourier transformThe conversion to the frequency domain can obtain a signal response formula of frequency detection:
,
Wherein, in the formula For receiving the system inThe magnetic sensitivity coefficient on the component(s),For the transmission frequency to be high,Is that,Representation ofElectromagnetic response of the component. The method can obtain the following steps:
,
the induced voltage of the receiving system should be greater than the total noise of the receiving system Less than the range of the receiving systemThe method comprises the following steps:
,
so that the induction voltage of the receiving system is greater than or equal to the total noise of the receiving system And noise threshold coefficientProduct of (2)Determining the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system according to the measuring range of the receiving systemThe method comprises the steps of determining the maximum induction voltage of a receiving system according to the minimum induction voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induction voltage of the receiving system, wherein the induction voltage of the receiving system is smaller than the range of the receiving system, and the method comprises the following steps of:, Taking out When the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position is obtained,Taking outWhen the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position is obtained.
And according to the formula:,
Obtaining electromagnetic response Maximum and minimum of components, electromagnetic responseMaximum and minimum of components and electromagnetic responseMaximum and minimum values of the components.
From the ratio of the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position to the maximum value of the Z component of the electromagnetic responseMinimum emitted moment of the component;
Calculate all the lines The minimum emission moment of the component is taken as the maximum value to obtain the observation areaMinimum emitted moment of the component;
obtaining the observation area Minimum transmission moment of component and observation areaTaking the maximum value of the minimum transmission electric moment of the three components to obtain the minimum transmission electric moment of the observation area;
Maximum value of electromagnetic response according to field source excitation at receiving position and electromagnetic response The minimum value of the components is compared to obtainMaximum emission moment of the component;
Calculate all the lines Maximum emission moment of the component and minimum value are taken to obtain the observation areaMaximum emission moment of the component;
and the observation area is obtained by the same method Maximum emission moment of component and observation areaTaking the minimum value of the maximum transmission electric moment of the three components to obtain the maximum transmission electric moment of the observation area;
And determining the range of the emission current according to the minimum emission electric moment of the observation area and the maximum emission electric moment of the observation area.
Obtaining maximum emission electric moment according to the ratio of the maximum value of the electromagnetic response excited by the field source at the receiving position to the Z component of the electromagnetic response;
calculating the maximum emission electric moment of all the measuring lines, and taking the maximum value to obtain the maximum emission electric moment of the observation area;
And determining the range of the emission current according to the minimum emission electric moment of the observation area and the maximum emission electric moment of the observation area.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining a maximum layout radius and a minimum layout radius of an emission source from an observation area according to a minimum emission electric moment of the observation area and a maximum emission electric moment of the observation area, obtaining the maximum emission distance between the observation area and an emission source according to the minimum emission electric moment of the observation area by adopting the relation between the emission electric moment and the emission distance in the prior art, and obtaining the minimum emission distance between the observation area and the emission source by adopting the maximum emission electric moment of the observation area by adopting the maximum emission electric moment calculation, wherein the minimum emission distance is the minimum layout radius by adopting the relation between the layout radius of the two emission sources and the distance between the two emission sources according to the geographical condition of a layout field source.
By the above process, the arrangement radius of the emission sources, the emission current and the emission frequencies of the two emission sources can be reversely deduced according to the observation area. When the emission sources are distributed, the positions of the emission sources are not unique, and the emission sources are only required to be distributed in the range of the distribution radius and the emission current by combining with the geographic positions, so that the observation area is ensured to be in the intersection area of the generated observation strong areas of the two emission sources. Referring to fig. 1, two emission sources are respectively used as centers to form a rectangular coordinate system, and are divided into a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant and a fourth quadrant, wherein each emission source is provided with an observation intensity region in each quadrant. It is necessary to arrange the observation area within the intersection area of the observation intensity areas generated by the two emission sources.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for layout and parameter design of an electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in a ground-air frequency domain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Two emission sources are arranged according to geographic conditions;
measuring the average resistivity level of the observation area, and determining the emission frequency range of one of the emission sources according to the average apparent resistivity level and the detection target depth;
Determining the adjacent emission frequency of the second source according to the emission frequency range of one emission source, so that the emission frequency of one emission source is different from the adjacent emission frequency of the second source by 0% -5%, and 0% is not included;
measuring the ambient noise and the internal noise of the receiving system to obtain the total noise of the receiving system, so that the induced voltage of the receiving system is greater than or equal to the total noise of the receiving system And noise threshold coefficientProduct of (2)Determining the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system according to the measuring range of the receiving systemAccording to the minimum induction voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induction voltage of the receiving system, calculating to obtain the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position;
calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of three components of electromagnetic response according to the minimum induced voltage of the receiving system and the maximum induced voltage of the receiving system;
Calculating to obtain minimum emission electric dipole moment and maximum emission electric dipole moment according to the maximum value and the minimum value of the three components of the electromagnetic response and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position;
The range of the emission current of the emission source is determined from the maximum emission electric dipole moment and the minimum emission electric dipole moment.
2. The method for arranging and designing parameters of the electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in the ground-to-air frequency domain according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of,
Measuring the average resistivity level of the observation area, and determining the emission frequency range of one of the emission sources according to the average apparent resistivity level and the detection target depth, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
Arranging current electrodes and potential electrodes in a selected electrode arrangement in an observation area, applying current to the ground through the current electrodes, measuring the generated potential difference through the potential electrodes, and calculating the resistivity according to the measured potential difference and current:
,
Wherein: is the electrode spacing and the distance between the electrodes, Is the potential difference and is used to determine the potential difference,Is the applied current, and the measured resistivity is averaged to obtain an average resistivity level;
Estimating a transmission frequency range of one of the transmission sources:
,
In the formula, To estimate a target transmit frequency; For the target detection depth, the target detection depth is an estimated range.
3. The method for arranging and designing parameters of a ground-air frequency domain electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source according to claim 1, wherein the two emission sources are in a separated form.
4. The method for designing the layout and parameters of the electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in the ground-air frequency domain according to claim 1, wherein the maximum value and the minimum value in three components of electromagnetic response are calculated according to the minimum induced voltage of a receiving system and the maximum induced voltage of the receiving system, and the calculation formula is as follows:
,
Wherein, To receive the induced voltage of the system, is a range of values,For receiving the system inThe magnetic sensitivity coefficient on the component(s),For the transmission frequency to be high,Is that,Representation ofElectromagnetic response of the component.
5. The method for designing the layout and parameters of the electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in the ground-air frequency domain according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position is as follows:, representing the average magnetic sensitivity coefficient of each component of the receiving system, Taking outWhen the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position is obtained,Taking outWhen the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position is obtained.
6. The method for designing the layout and parameters of the electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in the ground-to-air frequency domain according to claim 5, wherein the step of calculating the minimum emission electric dipole moment and the maximum emission electric dipole moment according to the maximum value and the minimum value of three components of the electromagnetic response and the maximum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position and the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position comprises the following steps:
from the ratio of the minimum value of the electromagnetic response of the field source excitation at the receiving position to the maximum value of the Z component of the electromagnetic response Minimum emitted moment of the component;
Calculate all the lines The minimum emission moment of the component is taken as the maximum value to obtain the observation areaMinimum emitted moment of the component;
and the observation area is obtained by the same method Minimum transmission moment of component and observation areaTaking the maximum value of the minimum transmission electric moment of the three components to obtain the minimum transmission electric moment of the observation area;
Maximum value of electromagnetic response according to field source excitation at receiving position and electromagnetic response The minimum value of the components is compared to obtainMaximum emission moment of the component;
Calculate all the lines Maximum emission moment of the component and minimum value are taken to obtain the observation areaMaximum emission moment of the component;
and the observation area is obtained by the same method Maximum emission moment of component and observation areaTaking the minimum value of the maximum transmission electric moment of the three components to obtain the maximum transmission electric moment of the observation area;
And determining the range of the emission current according to the minimum emission electric moment of the observation area and the maximum emission electric moment of the observation area.
7. The method for designing the layout and parameters of the electromagnetic near-frequency dual-angle field source in the ground-to-air frequency domain according to claim 6 is characterized in that the maximum layout radius and the minimum layout radius of the emission source from the observation area are calculated according to the minimum emission electric moment of the observation area and the maximum emission electric moment of the observation area, and the layout radius of the two emission sources and the distance between the two emission sources are adjusted according to the geographic condition of the layout field sources so that the observation area is located in an intersection area of an observation strong area generated by the two emission sources.
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