CN118953578A - Offshore rope tensioning device and offshore rope tensioning method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to an offshore rope tensioning device and an offshore rope tensioning method, wherein the offshore rope tensioning device comprises: the working ship is characterized in that a first marine rope connecting part and a second rope connecting part are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the working ship; a winch fixed to the deck of the work boat; a first pulley block movably arranged relative to the work boat; the second pulley block is fixed on the deck of the working ship; and the working rope is wound on the first pulley block and the second pulley block to form a pulley block system, and one end of the working rope is connected with the traction end of the winch. The offshore rope tensioning device can generate larger and stable tensioning load, meets the pre-tensioning requirement of the fiber ropes, can simultaneously tension a plurality of ropes, and improves the efficiency. The solution according to the application can provide a greater pretension to the offshore rope to be tensioned.

Description

Offshore rope tensioning device and offshore rope tensioning method

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of marine engineering of ships, in particular to an offshore rope tensioning device and an offshore rope tensioning method.

Background

The offshore floating body, such as an oil gas platform, a sea surface floating wind power platform and the like, needs to be anchored and positioned by adopting a permanent mooring system. The permanent mooring system is typically in the form of a catenary, with the main materials being the anchor chain and the wire rope. In recent years, sea area requirements have been reduced due to reduced mooring system costs. Semi-tensioned mooring systems employing fiber cables, such as nylon and polyester cables, as the primary material for the mooring lines are becoming increasingly popular in the industry.

The fiber cable has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good elasticity and the like when used as a mooring system material. But also has its drawbacks. One of the problems is that the pore structure between the fibers changes under a relatively large average load, and thus permanent elongation occurs, and the fiber cable is not shortened to the original length even if the load is removed. However, if the fiber cable is subjected to a load greater than the historical maximum average load during future service, permanent elongation of the fiber cable occurs. If a mooring system using a fiber cable as a main material is subjected to a strong storm, the environmental load to which the mooring cable is subjected exceeds the historical maximum load, the mooring cable stretches, so that the rigidity of the whole mooring system is reduced, and the displacement of the floating body may exceed the design limit. For floating wind power, the floating body is excessively displaced, so that the dynamic sea cable is damaged.

In order to avoid permanent elongation during service of the fiber cable. The mooring lines may be pretensioned before they are suspended from the buoy, the pretensioned load being comparable to the average load that would be experienced in a storm.

One way is to pretension the rope before shipment for eliminating structural elongation of the rope, but this load is typically small, only in the order of tens of tons. It is difficult to meet the maritime work demands, and for offshore wind power, the pretension load that needs to be achieved is typically several hundred tons. Furthermore, after pretensioning is completed, it is necessary to connect the mooring lines to the floating body as soon as possible, so that they are subjected to a certain pretension for maintaining their structural elongation.

Another solution for rope pretensioning at sea is to pretension with the column towing force of a large towing vessel. But the number of large tugs is small and expensive. And the large tugboat is used for pulling at sea, so that the tugging force is unstable due to the influence of wind waves. Because of limited pulling force, only one by one can be pulled. The efficiency is low, and the construction period is long.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, it is necessary to provide an offshore rope tensioning device capable of simultaneously tensioning a plurality of ropes and providing a stable tensioning load. An offshore rope tensioning method is also provided.

According to one aspect of the application, an offshore rope tensioning device comprises: the working ship is characterized in that a first marine rope connecting part and a second rope connecting part are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the working ship; a winch fixed to the deck of the work boat; a first pulley block movably arranged relative to the work boat; the second pulley block is fixed on the deck of the working ship; and the working rope is wound on the first pulley block and the second pulley block to form a pulley block system, and one end of the working rope is connected with the traction end of the winch.

In some embodiments, the work vessel is a barge or tug.

In some embodiments, the marine rope tensioning device further comprises a float, the first pulley block being mounted on the float.

In some embodiments, a load cell is connected to the float, the load cell being configured to connect a line to be tensioned.

In some embodiments, the first pulley block, the second pulley block, and the winch are aligned in a direction parallel to a length direction of the work vessel.

In some embodiments, the first pulley arrangement is placed on the deck of the work vessel.

According to another aspect of the present application, an offshore rope tensioning method, applied to the offshore rope tensioning device, comprises: one ends of three marine ropes to be stretched are respectively connected with the first pulley block, the first marine rope connecting part and the second rope connecting part, the other ends of the three marine ropes are respectively connected to three positioning anchors, the three positioning anchors are distributed in a triangle shape, and a dynamometer is arranged between at least one rope and the marine rope stretching device; the winch is started to tighten the working ropes, so that the tension born by the three marine ropes reaches the required pretension.

In some embodiments, one end of three marine ropes to be stretched is respectively connected to the first pulley block, the first marine rope connecting portion and the second rope connecting portion, and the other end is respectively connected to three positioning anchors, the three positioning anchors are distributed in a triangle shape, and a dynamometer is arranged between at least one rope and the marine rope stretching device, and the method comprises the following steps: the connection of the three marine ropes is completed in a state that all the three marine ropes are in a loose state.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises: the three marine ropes are kept for a predetermined time after the tensile force applied by the three marine ropes reaches the required pretension.

In some embodiments, the anchor is part of a mooring positioning system for an offshore buoy.

The offshore rope tensioning device can simultaneously pretension a plurality of ropes; and simultaneously pretensioning the three ropes can form a balance force system, thereby providing stable pretension force. In addition, the first pulley block and the second pulley block are arranged, so that the pulling force required by the winch can be reduced under the condition that the same pretension force is achieved. The solution according to the application can provide a greater pretension to the marine rope to be tensioned, with the same winch power. The scheme of the application can avoid the use of a large winch, namely, a large tensioning load can be provided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an offshore rope tensioning device according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of an offshore rope tensioning device according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the marine rope tensioning device according to an embodiment of the present application when tensioning three marine ropes is started.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a balance force system formed by three marine ropes using an offshore rope tensioning device according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of an offshore rope tensioning device according to another embodiment of the application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of an offshore rope tensioning device according to another embodiment of the application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a marine rope tensioning device according to another embodiment of the present application when tensioning three marine ropes is started.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of three marine ropes constituting a balance force system using an offshore rope tensioning device according to another embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate:

100. An offshore rope tensioning device; 110. a work boat; 111. a deck; 112. a first rope connection portion; 113. a second rope connection portion; 120. a winch; 130. a first pulley block; 131. a first pulley; 132. a first shaft; 133. a mounting base; 140. the second pulley block; 141. a second pulley; 142. a second shaft; 150. a working rope; 160. a float; 171. a first offshore rope; 172. a second offshore rope; 173. a third offshore rope; 181. a first positioning anchor; 182. a second anchor; 183. and a third positioning anchor.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, whereby the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if any, these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., are used herein with respect to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, these terms refer to the orientation or positional relationship for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" if any, mean at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

It will be understood that if an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein, if any, are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent a unique embodiment.

As described in the background art, the prior art method of pretensioning a rope is not suitable for pretensioning a plurality of offshore ropes. In view of the problem, the application provides an offshore rope tensioning device which can tension a plurality of ropes simultaneously and provide stable tensioning load. It also enables less load required for pretensioning.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an offshore rope tensioning device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a work vessel 110, a winch 120, a first pulley block 130, a second pulley block 140, and a work rope 150. The work boat 110 is provided with a first rope connection portion 112 and a second rope connection portion 113 on both sides thereof. Winch 120 is fixed to deck 111 of work vessel 110. The first pulley arrangement 130 is movably arranged with respect to the work vessel 110. The second pulley arrangement 140 is fixed to the deck 111 of the work vessel 110. The working rope 150 is wound around the first pulley block 130 and the second pulley block 140 to form a pulley block system, and one end of the working rope 150 is connected with the pulling end of the winch 120.

In the present application, the offshore rope refers to a mooring line for an offshore platform requiring pre-tensioning in advance, such as a fiber cable.

The work vessel 110 is used to set up a winch 120. The work vessel 110 may be a barge or tug. The first rope connection portion 112 and the second rope connection portion 113 are used to fix the marine rope, respectively. The first rope connecting portion 112 and the second rope connecting portion 113 are, for example, plates each having a through hole.

Winch 120 is fixed to deck 111 of work vessel 110. Winch 120 is used to reel up work rope 150. When the work vessel 110 is a barge, the winch 120 is a winch 120 mounted on the barge. When the work vessel 110 is a tug, then the winch 120 may be the tug's own winch 120.

Alternatively, in the length direction of the workboat 110, the winch 120 is near the bow of the workboat 110 and the second pulley block 140 is near the stern of the workboat 110. This makes it possible to fully utilize the longitudinal dimension of the work boat 110 and expand the working range.

The first pulley arrangement 130 comprises at least one first pulley 131 coaxially arranged. Specifically, each first pulley 131 shares a first shaft 132. The second pulley arrangement 140 comprises at least one second pulley 141 coaxially arranged. Specifically, each second pulley 141 shares a second shaft 142.

As shown in fig. 1, the working rope 150 is reciprocally wound between the first pulley 131 and the second pulley 141, and one end is connected to the pulling end of the winch 120. The other end of the working string 150 is fixed to the first pulley 131. The first pulley arrangement 130 is movably arranged with respect to the working vessel 110, while the second pulley arrangement 140 is fixed to the deck 111 of the working vessel 110. In the pulley block system, the first pulley 131 is a fixed pulley, and the second pulley 141 is a movable pulley.

In the present application, the offshore rope tensioning device 100 further comprises a float 160, and the first pulley block 130 is mounted to the float 160. The float 160 is capable of floating on the sea surface. By mounting the first pulley arrangement 130 to the float 160, the first pulley arrangement 130 is arranged movably relative to the work vessel 110. Optionally, the first pulley assembly 130 is detachably connected to the float 160, for example, the first pulley assembly 130 itself has a mounting base 133, and the mounting base 133 is detachably connected to the float 160. Alternatively, each first pulley 131 of the first pulley block 130 is directly mounted on the float 160, so to speak, the float 160 is a part of the first pulley block 130, and the float 160 corresponds to the mounting base 133 of the first pulley block 130.

By providing a float 160, the first pulley arrangement 130 can float on the sea surface, and the first pulley arrangement 130 can be remote from the work vessel 10, thus enabling an increase in the working radius of the marine rope tensioning device 100, thereby reducing the need for the length of the deck 111 of the work vessel 110.

Optionally, a load cell (not shown) is connected to the float 160 for connecting a line to be tensioned. The load cell can measure the tension to which the rope to be tensioned is subjected when pretensioned.

In some embodiments, the first pulley arrangement 130, the second pulley arrangement 140, and the winch 120 are aligned parallel to the length of the work vessel 110. In this way, when the rope is pretensioned, the dimension of the working vessel 110 in the longitudinal direction can be fully utilized, and the working radius can be enlarged.

With the offshore rope tensioning device 100 of the present application, multiple offshore ropes can be tensioned simultaneously and a stable tensioning load can be provided while the winch 120 requires a smaller load. The advantages of the marine rope tensioning device 100 of the present application will be described in detail below in connection with the marine rope tensioning method of the present application.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the offshore rope tensioning method of the present application is applied to the above-described offshore rope tensioning apparatus 100, and includes:

S100, one ends of three marine ropes to be tensioned are respectively connected with a first pulley block 130, a first rope connecting part 112 and a second rope connecting part 113, the other ends of the three marine ropes are respectively connected to three positioning anchors, the three positioning anchors are distributed in a triangle shape, and a dynamometer is arranged between at least one rope and the marine rope tensioning device 100.

In this embodiment, the offshore rope is connected to the first pulley assembly 130, either by being connected to the mounting base 133 of the first pulley assembly 130 or indirectly by being connected to the float 160.

As shown in fig. 3, the first pulley block 130 floats in front of the bow of the work boat 110 together with the float 160. The three anchors are distributed in a triangle shape in front of the bow of the working ship 110, on the left and right sides. The three sea lines to be tensioned are defined as a first sea line 171, a second sea line 172 and a third sea line 173, respectively. The three anchors corresponding to the three offshore ropes are defined as a first anchor 181, a second anchor 182, and a third anchor 183, respectively.

Wherein a first marine rope 171 is provided between the first rope connection 112 and the corresponding first anchor 181, a second marine rope 172 is provided between the second marine rope 172 connection and the corresponding second anchor 182, and a third marine rope 173 is provided between the third anchor 183 in front of the bow of the work vessel 110 and the float 160. Thus, the marine rope tensioning device 100 of the present application is connected to each of the three anchors by a marine rope to be tensioned.

Further, one end of the third marine rope 173 in front of the bow of the work ship 110 is provided with a load cell, which is specifically provided between the third marine rope 173 and the float 160. Of course, a load cell may also be provided between the third marine rope 173 and the third positioning anchor 183. In addition, the load cell may also be arranged between the second or third marine rope 172, 173 and the work vessel 110, or between the second marine rope 172 and the second positioning anchor 182, or between the third marine rope 173 and the third positioning anchor 183. Of course, load cells may also be provided between the three marine ropes and the work vessel 110, respectively.

It will be appreciated that the structural strength of the floats 160, the work vessel 110, the first pulley arrangement 130, the second pulley arrangement 140, the work rope 150 should be capable of withstanding sufficient tensioning forces to enable tensioning of the offshore rope.

S200, starting the winch 120 to tighten the working rope 150 so that the tension born by the three marine ropes reaches the required pretension.

The winch 120 is opened and the working rope 150 is gradually tightened. The three marine ropes are gradually increased in bearing force and are gradually stretched. The buoy 160 is closer to the winch 120, and eventually three marine ropes form a balanced system of forces, where the work vessel 110 is at the geometric center of the three anchor, and the three marine ropes are approximately equally tensioned. The reading of the load cell can be considered as the tension to which either rope is subjected.

As can be seen from the above process, with the offshore rope tensioning device 100 of the present application, a plurality of ropes can be simultaneously pre-tensioned; and simultaneously pretensioning the three ropes can form a balance force system, thereby providing stable pretension force.

In addition, the present application provides the first pulley block 130 and the second pulley block 140, which can reduce the pulling force required by the winch 120 under the condition of achieving the same pretension. Specifically, assuming that the pretension force required is G, the winch 120 pull force is F, f=g/n, n being the number of ropes wound on the pulley block. On the other hand, with the same power of the winch 120, the solution according to the application can provide a greater pretension to the marine rope to be tensioned than in the prior art. In this way, the solution of the present application can avoid the use of large winches 120, i.e. to provide a larger tensioning load.

In summary, the offshore rope tensioning device 100 and the offshore rope tensioning method of the application can generate a larger and stable tensioning load, meet the pre-tensioning requirement of the fiber ropes, simultaneously tension a plurality of ropes and improve the efficiency.

Optionally, in step S100, one ends of three marine ropes to be stretched are respectively connected to the first pulley block 130, the first rope connection portion 112, and the second marine rope 172, and the other ends are respectively connected to three positioning anchors, where the three positioning anchors are distributed in a triangle shape, and a dynamometer is disposed between at least one rope and the marine rope stretching device 100, and the method includes: the connection of the three marine ropes is completed in a state that all the three marine ropes are in a loose state.

Specifically, before the first, second and third marine ropes 171, 172 and 173 are connected, the working rope 150 between the two pulley blocks is made longer, so that the first, second and third marine ropes 171, 172 and 173 can be connected in a loose state, facilitating the connection operation. The winch 120 is opened and the working rope 150 is gradually tightened. The three marine ropes are each gradually tightened in a relaxed state and then stretched.

Optionally, the method further comprises: the three marine ropes are kept for a predetermined time after the tensile force applied by the three marine ropes reaches the required pretension.

The tension born by the three marine ropes is kept for a period of time after the pretension is needed, and the specific time can be determined according to the experience time of the historical maximum load of the marine ropes in the sea area, so that the working condition during pretension is closer to the real working condition, and the pretension effect is better.

Optionally, the anchor is part of a mooring positioning system for an offshore buoy. Therefore, the application can directly pretension the offshore rope at sea, and can be connected to the offshore floating body in time after pretension is finished without transporting. The offshore floating bodies are for example floating fans, liquefied gas production vessels.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in another embodiment of the offshore rope tensioning device 100 of the application, the first pulley block 130 is placed on the deck 111 of the workboat 110, which in turn enables the first pulley block 130 to be moved relative to the workboat 110.

Optionally, rollers are provided at the bottom of the mounting base 133 of the first pulley block 130, so that the first pulley block 130 as a whole can be smoothly moved with respect to the work boat 110.

Optionally, the mounting base 133 of the first pulley arrangement 130 is in a sliding fit relative to the deck 111 of the work vessel 110. For example, the ground of the mounting base 133 of the first pulley arrangement 130 is arranged to be smoother, and the mounting base 133 of the first pulley arrangement 130 is placed directly on the deck 111 of the work vessel 110. For example, the mounting base 133 of the first pulley block 130 is in guiding engagement with the deck 111 of the work vessel 110, one of the two being provided with a guide rail and the other one being provided with a guide slot.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the offshore rope tensioning method of the present application, when applied to an offshore rope tensioning device 100 of another embodiment, performs substantially the same steps as the previous embodiment, except that: since the float 160 is not provided, the first marine rope 171 may be directly connected to the mounting base 133 of the first pulley arrangement 130. It will be appreciated that in this case when the load cell is arranged between the first marine rope 171 and the upper rope tensioning device, the load cell may in particular be arranged between the first marine rope 171 and the first pulley arrangement 130.

In addition, after opening the winch 120, the first pulley block 130 does not float on the sea surface, but moves on the deck 111 of the work vessel 110. The three marine ropes are gradually increased in bearing force and gradually elongated, the first pulley block 130 is closer to the winch 120, and finally the three marine ropes form a balance force system, at this time, the working ship 110 is positioned at the geometric center of the three positioning anchors, and the tension forces of the three marine ropes are almost equal.

Finally, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description, all possible combinations of the features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the features, the description should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An offshore rope tensioning device, comprising:

The working ship is characterized in that a first marine rope connecting part and a second rope connecting part are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the working ship;

a winch fixed to the deck of the work boat;

a first pulley block movably arranged relative to the work boat;

The second pulley block is fixed on the deck of the working ship;

And the working rope is wound on the first pulley block and the second pulley block to form a pulley block system, and one end of the working rope is connected with the traction end of the winch.

2. Offshore rope tensioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the work vessel is a barge or tug.

3. The marine rope tensioning device of claim 1, further comprising a float, the first pulley block being mounted to the float.

4. An offshore rope tensioning apparatus according to claim 3, in which a load cell is connected to the float, the load cell being adapted to connect a rope to be tensioned.

5. Offshore rope tensioning device according to claim 1, wherein the direction of alignment of the first pulley block, the second pulley block and the winch is parallel to the length direction of the work vessel.

6. Offshore rope tensioning device according to claim 1, wherein the first pulley block is placed on the deck of the work vessel.

7. An offshore rope tensioning method applied to an offshore rope tensioning apparatus of claim 1, the method comprising:

One ends of three marine ropes to be stretched are respectively connected with the first pulley block, the first marine rope connecting part and the second rope connecting part, the other ends of the three marine ropes are respectively connected to three positioning anchors, the three positioning anchors are distributed in a triangle shape, and a dynamometer is arranged between at least one rope and the marine rope stretching device;

the winch is started to tighten the working ropes, so that the tension born by the three marine ropes reaches the required pretension.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein one end of three marine ropes to be tensioned is respectively connected to the first pulley block, the first marine rope connecting portion, the second rope connecting portion, and the other end is respectively connected to three anchor bars, the three anchor bars are distributed in a triangle shape, and a dynamometer is provided between at least one rope and the marine rope tensioning device, comprising: the connection of the three marine ropes is completed in a state that all the three marine ropes are in a loose state.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:

The three marine ropes are kept for a predetermined time after the tensile force applied by the three marine ropes reaches the required pretension.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the anchor is part of a mooring positioning system for an offshore buoy.