CN118932936A - Downstream blocking structure for dyke permeation damage and blocking method thereof - Google Patents
Downstream blocking structure for dyke permeation damage and blocking method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118932936A CN118932936A CN202411180137.XA CN202411180137A CN118932936A CN 118932936 A CN118932936 A CN 118932936A CN 202411180137 A CN202411180137 A CN 202411180137A CN 118932936 A CN118932936 A CN 118932936A
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- cofferdam
- downstream
- permeation
- upstream
- plugging
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a downstream blocking structure for dyke permeation damage and a blocking method thereof, and relates to the technical field of dykes and dams, comprising dykes positioned at the bank edge of an original river channel, wherein permeable channels and harmful cracks formed by flood permeation damage are arranged in the dykes, cofferdams are arranged at the downstream parts of the permeable channels and the harmful cracks, and the dykes are used for blocking and reinforcing the permeable channels by adopting an upstream blocking backfill mode and a downstream dyke body hilling mode. According to the invention, the downstream water level is raised by adopting the downstream cofferdam, so that the permeation gradient of the permeation channel of the dike body is reduced, the permeation gradient is gradually reduced along with the lifting of the downstream cofferdam, the permeation damage effect is gradually weakened, the short-term safety of the dike body is obviously improved, the shortage of the dike body due to the permeation damage expansion in a short period is avoided, and a more favorable condition is created for the upstream filling and sealing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dike plugging, in particular to a downstream plugging structure for dike permeation damage and a plugging method thereof.
Background
River channels are widely distributed in China, a large number of towns and villages are distributed along the river channels, and in order to ensure flood discharge safety of towns and villages, dikes are generally adopted to heighten and protect the river channels. Due to self-quality reasons or biological infringement, annual repair loss and the like, the dam often generates seepage damage and gradually expands during sudden flood, and finally the lack of the dam is caused, so that the dam damages the surrounding towns and villages, and endangers the life and property safety of people. When the dam is damaged by permeation, the dam is generally temporarily plugged by throwing and filling stone slag, sand bags and the like from the upstream, or the outlet part of the downstream leakage channel is excavated and backfilled for reverse filtration and stone slag covering. However, these two conventional emergency plugging methods have major drawbacks, and the situation that the plugging fails to cause the permeation channel to further develop until the dike is broken often occurs.
In the existing plugging method, the plugging effectiveness is poor due to uncertainty of the permeation channel in the upstream plugging mode, the casting and filling range of the ballast and the sand bags needs to be enlarged, meanwhile, the casting and filling objects are impacted by river water to run off, the plugging efficiency is low, and the permeation channel is simultaneously at the same time at the risk of continuous expansion during the plugging.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the upstream plugging mode in the existing plugging method is poor in plugging effectiveness due to uncertainty of a permeation channel, the casting and filling range of stone residues and sand bags needs to be enlarged, meanwhile, casting and filling objects are impacted by river water to run off, the plugging efficiency is low, and the permeation channel is simultaneously at risk of continuous expansion during plugging.
The invention provides a downstream blocking structure for dyke permeation damage, which comprises a dyke positioned at the bank side of an original river channel, wherein a permeation channel and a hazardous crack formed by flood permeation damage are formed in the dyke, cofferdams are arranged at the downstream parts of the permeation channel and the hazardous crack, and the dyke is used for blocking and reinforcing the permeation channel by adopting an upstream blocking backfill mode and a downstream dyke body banking mode.
Optionally, in the downstream plugging structure for the dike seepage damage, the cofferdam is arranged at the downstream seepage passage and the outlet of the hazardous cracks, and is formed by filling and stacking sand bags.
Optionally, in the downstream plugging structure for the dike seepage damage, the top width of the cofferdam is not less than 1m, the gradient of the upstream side of the cofferdam is 1:1-1:1.5, and the gradient of the downstream side of the cofferdam is 1:2.
Optionally, in the downstream plugging structure of the dike seepage damage, the height of the cofferdam is less than 5m, and the jacking height is flush with or higher than the river water level.
Optionally, in the downstream plugging structure for the dike seepage damage, the upstream plugging backfill is composed of a large stone, sand bags and other throwing and filling bodies and an upstream clay throwing and filling body.
Optionally, in the downstream plugging structure for the dyke seepage damage, the downstream dyke body hilling is respectively formed by a clay bag, a medium coarse sand reverse filtering layer and a stone slag backfill from upstream to downstream, and is formed by underwater throwing and filling.
Optionally, in the downstream plugging structure for the dike seepage damage, a plurality of fishing nets for blocking the cofferdam are arranged at the downstream position of the cofferdam along the transverse direction of the water flow, and two ends of each fishing net are fixed on the original ground through wood piles.
The invention also provides a downstream blocking method for the dyke permeation damage, which is completed by adopting the downstream blocking structure for the dyke permeation damage, and comprises the following steps:
step one: inspecting the distributed parts of the seepage channel (2) and the hazardous cracks (3) of the dam (1), and determining the hazard ranges of the seepage channel (2) and the hazardous cracks (3) and the control line for constructing the cofferdam (4);
Step two: further excavating the cofferdam (4) and the parts with relatively gentle downstream and shallow water flow width, increasing the length of the flow section of the downstream of the seepage water, stretching and fixing a plurality of fishing nets along the transverse direction of the water flow at the downstream position of the cofferdam (4);
step three: the cofferdam (4) adopts a sand bag and is built by utilizing the topography, and encloses and shields the infiltration hazard range;
Step four: constructing a cofferdam (4) and simultaneously performing upstream plugging backfilling (5) on an upstream river surface polished stone filling slag backfilling material (603);
step five: after the cofferdam (4) is folded, the back of the cofferdam (4) is widened and thickened;
step six: when the downstream overall flow rate is obviously reduced while the step five is carried out or obviously perceived, the clay bag (601) is thrown and filled at the outlet part of the back permeation channel (2) and the hazardous cracks (3), the throwing and filling amount is twice as much as the designed throwing and filling amount, and the throwing and filling are stopped when the leakage amount is obviously reduced through artificial subjective judgment;
Step seven: pouring medium coarse sand from the top of the dyke (1), manually throwing and filling the medium coarse sand to the back of the clay bag (601), wherein the filling amount of the medium coarse sand is 1.5 times of the designed filling amount, and the medium coarse sand is piled on the surface of the clay bag (601) by considering the small natural repose angle under water and the driving action of water flow to form a medium coarse sand reverse filtering layer (602);
step eight: in the implementation process of the step six and the step seven, stopping upstream plugging backfilling (5) according to the actual condition of the site;
Step nine: and directly transporting the stone slag backfill (603) by adopting a dumper to backfill the stone slag backfill (603) on a water pit formed by the cofferdam (4) until the water pit is stopped and exceeds the upstream flood level or the predicted warning water level, and then compacting the stone slag backfill (603) by adopting a road roller.
In the third step, the cofferdam (4) is firstly built from the dry land parts at the two sides to the middle part during construction, the water level is continuously raised along with the construction of the cofferdam (4), the cofferdam (4) at the two sides is raised and gradually pushed to the middle part until being folded, the lifting speed of the water level is slightly slower when the cofferdam (4) at the two sides is raised, and the overflow depth at the two sides is controlled within 50 cm.
Further, in the fifth step, if the height of the formed cofferdam (4) can not reach the upstream water level, the sand pack is manually thrown and filled on the back surface, and the body shape of the cofferdam (4) is increased.
In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:
By adopting a downstream cofferdam mode to make the water level of the downstream water level higher, the permeation gradient of a permeation channel of the dike body is reduced, along with the lifting of the downstream cofferdam, the permeation gradient is gradually reduced, the permeation damage effect is gradually weakened, the short-term safety of the dike body is obviously improved, the shortage of the dike body caused by permeation damage expansion in a short period is avoided, and a more favorable condition is created for the upstream throwing and filling plugging;
The downstream flat topography of the dike body has a dispersion effect on water flow, the water flow impact capacity of unit width after the water flow dispersion is obviously reduced, the water depth is shallower, the underwater construction difficulty of the downstream cofferdam is lower, and the implementation is easy;
The leakage water quantity and the flow rate are effectively controlled by utilizing the water level height blocking effect of the downstream cofferdam and the blocking effect of the upstream throwing and filling body, and the effective blocking is carried out by utilizing the relatively gentle water flow in the downstream cofferdam through the banking earth of layered throwing and filling, so that the safety flood of the embankment body is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a typical structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a dike; 2. a permeate channel; 3. a hazardous fracture; 4. a cofferdam; 5. upstream plugging backfilling; 6. the downstream dyke body is earthed up; 601. a clay bag; 602. a middle coarse sand reverse filtering layer; 603. and (5) backfilling the stone slag.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-2.
Referring to fig. 1-2 of the drawings, one embodiment of the present invention is provided: the downstream plugging structure for the dyke permeation damage comprises a dyke 1 positioned at the bank side of an original river channel, wherein the topography of the downstream of the original river channel is higher than the topography of a riverbed part, a permeation channel 2 and a hazardous crack 3 formed by flood permeation damage are arranged in the dyke 1, a cofferdam 4 is arranged at the downstream part of the permeation channel 2, the cofferdam 4 is arranged at the outlets of the permeation channel 2 and the hazardous crack 3, and the cofferdam 4 is formed by sand bag filling and stacking; the top width of the cofferdam 4 is not less than 1m, the gradient of the upstream side of the cofferdam 4 is 1:1-1:1.5, and the gradient of the downstream side of the cofferdam 4 is 1:2; the height of the cofferdam 4 is smaller than 5m, and the jacking height of the cofferdam 4 is level with or higher than the river water level.
The fishing nets for blocking the cofferdam 4 are arranged at the downstream position of the cofferdam 4 along the transverse direction of the water flow, two ends of each fishing net are fixed on an original river channel through wood piles, and other similar light flexible nets with stronger tensile strength can be used, so that the possibility that the cofferdam 4 is washed away by water flow in the building process, particularly when the cofferdam 4 is folded, is conveniently reduced through the fishing nets.
The dykes and dams 1 are used for blocking and reinforcing the permeation channels 2 by adopting an upstream blocking backfill 5 and a downstream dyke body hilling 6, wherein the upstream blocking backfill 5 consists of a large block stone, sand bags and other backfill bodies and an upstream clay backfill body; the downstream embankment body hilling 6 is respectively formed by respectively carrying out underwater throwing and filling on a clay bag 601, a middle coarse sand reverse filtering layer 602 and a stone slag backfill 603 from upstream to downstream, wherein the backfill height of the stone slag backfill 603 is higher than the river channel water level and the predicted warning water level, and a road roller is used for compacting the stone slag backfill 603 after the stone slag backfill is filled above the water surface.
Because the flow rate in the permeation channel 2 is large, the upstream plugging is difficult to achieve the plugging effect, at the moment, a low cofferdam 4 needs to be built at the downstream of the permeation channel, after the permeation gradient and the permeation quantity in the dam 1 are reduced in a mode of blocking the downstream water level, the upstream plugging backfilling 5 and the downstream dike hilling 6 are jointly adopted for plugging and reinforcing the permeation channel of the dike body, so that flood discharge safety is ensured.
The raw materials that this scheme utilized can dig nearby, and raw materials can replace each other, for example adopt sand soil package to replace clay package 601 or clay package 601 to replace Sha Tubao, and stone sediment backfill 603 also does not have clear performance requirement, and though the material can influence the effect of shutoff after adjusting, nevertheless satisfy the short-term and remove the dangerous requirement of avoiding the risk further to enlarge.
To sum up: building the cofferdam 4 by adopting sand bags and utilizing terrains, so as to enclose the infiltration hazard range, building the cofferdam 4 from dry land parts on two sides to the middle part during building, gradually pushing the cofferdam 4 to the middle part until the cofferdam 4 is folded while raising the cofferdam 4 on two sides along with the continuous elevation of the water level during building the cofferdam 4, and widening and thickening the back part of the cofferdam 4 after the cofferdam 4 is folded;
The upstream plugging backfill 5 operation is carried out on the upstream river surface backfill 603 by casting and filling stone slag while the cofferdam 4 is built, meanwhile, the clay bag 601 is cast and filled on the outlet part of the back infiltration channel 2 and the hazardous cracks 3, the casting and filling amount is twice the design casting and filling amount, the middle coarse sand is poured from the dike top of the dike 1 and manually cast and filled to the back of the clay bag 601, and the filling amount of the middle coarse sand is 1.5 times the design filling amount, so that the middle coarse sand back filtering layer 602 is formed;
And finally, directly transporting the stone backfill 603 by adopting a dump truck to backfill the stone backfill 603 on the water pit formed by the cofferdam 4 until the water pit is stopped and exceeds the upstream flood level or the predicted warning water level, and then compacting the stone backfill 603 by using a road roller.
In order to better reveal a downstream blocking structure of dyke permeation damage, the embodiment now proposes a downstream blocking method of dyke permeation damage, which comprises the following steps:
Step one: firstly, encrypting and inspecting the distributed parts of the permeation channel 2 and the hazardous cracks 3 of the dam 1, so as to determine the hazard range of the permeation channel 2 and the hazardous cracks 3 and the control line for constructing the cofferdam 4;
step two: then further excavating the cofferdam 4 and the parts with relatively gentle downstream and shallow water flow width, so as to increase the length of the flow section of the downstream of the seepage water, further be used for dispersing the flowing water, stretch-draw a plurality of fishing nets along the transverse direction of the water flow at the downstream position of the cofferdam 4, and fix the two ends of the fishing nets by adopting wood piles;
Step three: the cofferdam 4 is built by sand bags and by utilizing terrains, so that the infiltration hazard range is surrounded, the cofferdam 4 is built from dry land parts on two sides to the middle part firstly, the water level is continuously raised along with the building of the cofferdam 4, the cofferdam 4 on two sides is gradually pushed to the middle part until the cofferdam 4 is folded, the lifting speed of the water level is slightly slower when the cofferdam 4 on two sides is raised in order to reduce the difficulty of folding the cofferdam 4, but the overcurrent depth on two sides is controlled within 50cm, so that the operation safety of personnel is ensured;
step four: constructing a cofferdam 4 and simultaneously carrying out upstream plugging backfilling 5 on an upstream river surface cast-fill stone slag backfill 603;
Step five: after the cofferdam 4 is folded, the back of the cofferdam 4 is widened and thickened, and if the formed cofferdam 4 cannot reach the water level at the upstream side due to the limitation of the height of the cofferdam, the situation that the top flows through still possibly exists, and when the situation is met, the general flowing water is shallower, sand bags can be continuously thrown and filled on the back manually, the body shape of the cofferdam 4 is increased, and the stability of the cofferdam is ensured.
Step six: when the fifth step is carried out and the downstream overall flow rate is obviously reduced, the clay bag 601 is filled at the outlet part of the back permeation channel 2 and the hazardous cracks 3, the filling quantity is twice the design filling quantity, and the filling is stopped when the leakage quantity is obviously reduced through artificial subjective judgment;
Step seven: pouring middle coarse sand from the dike top of the dike 1, manually throwing and filling the middle coarse sand to the back surface of the clay bag 601, wherein the filling amount of the middle coarse sand is 1.5 times of the designed filling amount, and the middle coarse sand is piled on the surface of the clay bag (601) by considering the small natural repose angle of water and the driving action of water flow to form a middle coarse sand back filtering layer (602);
Step eight: in the implementation process of the sixth step and the seventh step, stopping the upstream plugging backfill 5 according to the actual condition of the site;
Step nine: and finally, directly transporting the stone backfill 603 by adopting a dump truck to backfill the stone backfill 603 for the puddle formed by the cofferdam 4 until the puddle is stopped and exceeds the upstream flood level or the predicted warning water level, and then compacting the stone backfill 603 by using a road roller.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Dyke permeation damage low reaches plugging structure, including being located the dykes and dams (1) of original river course bank limit, have infiltration passageway (2) and hazardous slit (3) that flood permeation damaged formation in dykes and dams (1), its characterized in that: the dam (1) is used for plugging and reinforcing the permeation channel (2) by adopting an upstream plugging backfill mode (5) and a downstream embankment body hilling mode (6).
2. The dike permeation damage downstream plugging structure according to claim 1, wherein: the cofferdam (4) is arranged at the outlet of the downstream permeation channel (2) and the hazardous fracture (3), and the cofferdam (4) is formed by filling and stacking sand bags.
3. A downstream plugging structure for dyke permeation damage according to claim 2, wherein: the top width of the cofferdam (4) is not less than 1m, the gradient of the upstream side of the cofferdam (4) is 1:1-1:1.5, and the gradient of the downstream side of the cofferdam (4) is 1:2.
4. A downstream plugging structure for dyke permeation damage according to claim 3, wherein: the height of the cofferdam (4) is smaller than 5m, and the jacking height is level with the river water level or higher than the river water level.
5. The dike permeation damage downstream plugging structure according to claim 1, wherein: the upstream plugging backfill (5) consists of a large stone, sand bags and other throwing and filling bodies and an upstream clay throwing and filling body.
6. The dike permeation damage downstream plugging structure according to claim 1, wherein: the downstream dyke body hilling (6) is formed by respectively carrying out underwater throwing and filling from upstream to downstream on a clay bag (601), a middle coarse sand reverse filtering layer (602) and a stone slag backfilling material (603).
7. The dike permeation damage downstream plugging structure according to claim 1, wherein: the fishing net blocking cofferdam is characterized in that a plurality of fishing nets blocking the cofferdam (4) are arranged at the downstream position of the cofferdam (4) along the transverse direction of water flow, and two ends of each fishing net are fixed on the original ground through wood piles.
8. The downstream plugging method for the dyke permeation damage is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a downstream plugging structure comprising a dike penetration disruption as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step one: inspecting the distributed parts of the seepage channel (2) and the hazardous cracks (3) of the dam (1), and determining the hazard ranges of the seepage channel (2) and the hazardous cracks (3) and the control line for constructing the cofferdam (4);
Step two: further excavating the cofferdam (4) and the parts with relatively gentle downstream and shallow water flow width, increasing the length of the flow section of the downstream of the seepage water, stretching and fixing a plurality of fishing nets along the transverse direction of the water flow at the downstream position of the cofferdam (4);
step three: the cofferdam (4) adopts a sand bag and is built by utilizing the topography, and encloses and shields the infiltration hazard range;
Step four: constructing a cofferdam (4) and simultaneously performing upstream plugging backfilling (5) on an upstream river surface polished stone filling slag backfilling material (603);
step five: after the cofferdam (4) is folded, the back of the cofferdam (4) is widened and thickened;
step six: when the downstream overall flow rate is obviously reduced while the step five is carried out or obviously perceived, the clay bag (601) is thrown and filled at the outlet part of the back permeation channel (2) and the hazardous cracks (3), the throwing and filling amount is twice as much as the designed throwing and filling amount, and the throwing and filling are stopped when the leakage amount is obviously reduced through artificial subjective judgment;
Step seven: pouring medium coarse sand from the top of the dyke (1), manually throwing and filling the medium coarse sand to the back of the clay bag (601), wherein the filling amount of the medium coarse sand is 1.5 times of the designed filling amount, and the medium coarse sand is piled on the surface of the clay bag (601) by considering the small natural repose angle under water and the driving action of water flow to form a medium coarse sand reverse filtering layer (602);
step eight: in the implementation process of the step six and the step seven, stopping upstream plugging backfilling (5) according to the actual condition of the site;
Step nine: and directly transporting the stone slag backfill (603) by adopting a dumper to backfill the stone slag backfill (603) on a water pit formed by the cofferdam (4) until the water pit is stopped and exceeds the upstream flood level or the predicted warning water level, and then compacting the stone slag backfill (603) by adopting a road roller.
9. The plugging method of claim 8, wherein: in the third step, the cofferdam (4) is firstly built from the dry land parts at the two sides to the middle part during construction, the water level is continuously raised along with the construction of the cofferdam (4), the cofferdam (4) at the two sides is gradually pushed to the middle part until being folded while being heightened, the lifting speed of the water level is slightly slower when the cofferdam (4) at the two sides is heightened, and the overflow depth at the two sides is controlled within 50 cm.
10. The plugging method of claim 8, wherein: and fifthly, if the height limit of the formed cofferdam (4) can not reach the upstream water level, manually continuing to pack sand on the back surface, and increasing the body shape of the cofferdam (4).
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118932936A true CN118932936A (en) | 2024-11-12 |
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