CN1189151A - 维生素d类似物 - Google Patents
维生素d类似物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1189151A CN1189151A CN96195083A CN96195083A CN1189151A CN 1189151 A CN1189151 A CN 1189151A CN 96195083 A CN96195083 A CN 96195083A CN 96195083 A CN96195083 A CN 96195083A CN 1189151 A CN1189151 A CN 1189151A
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- disease
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Abstract
本发明涉及式Ⅰ化合物,其中式X为氢或羟基;R1和R2为甲基或乙基,或者,与连有基团X的碳原子连在一起,形成C3-C5碳环;Q为单键或C1-C8烃基亚基,其中任何一个不与羰基直接连接的亚甲基都可非强制性地被氧原子替代(或甲基被羟基替代);Y为单键或C1-C8烃基亚基;以及Ⅰ的衍生物,其中一个或多个羟基被可在体内被还原成羟基的基团掩蔽。该化合物具有抗炎和免疫调节作用,以及强的诱导分化和抑制某些细胞不需要的增生的活性。
Description
本发明涉及在诱导分化及抑制某些细胞,包括皮肤细胞和癌细胞,不需要的增生,以及免疫调节和抗炎作用方面显示很强活性的迄今尚未发现的一类化合物,涉及含这些化合物的药物制剂,涉及这些制剂的单剂量形式,以及涉及它们在治疗和/或预防以不正常的细胞分化和/或细胞增生为特征的疾病中的应用,其中所述疾病包括牛皮癣和其他角质化疾病,与HIV有关的皮肤病,创伤愈合,癌症,包括皮肤癌,以及免疫系统的疾病或失调,如宿主对抗移植物和移植物对抗宿主反应和移植排斥反应,以及自体免疫疾病,如盘状和系统性红斑狼疮,自体免疫型糖尿病和慢性皮肤病,例如硬皮病和寻常天疱疮,以及炎性疾病,如类风湿性关节炎和哮喘,以及一些其他疾病包括甲状旁腺机能亢进,特别是与肾衰竭有关的继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进,识别损伤或老年性痴呆(Alzheimers disease)和其他神经变性疾病,高血压,痤疮,脱发,皮肤萎缩,例如甾体化合物诱发的皮肤萎缩,皮肤老化,包括光老化,以及涉及它们在促进骨生成和治疗/防止骨质疏松疾和骨软化中的应用。
本发明化合物由通式I表示的新的一类维生素D类似物组成:其中式X为氢或羟基;R1和R2为甲基或乙基,或者,与连有基团X的碳原子连在一起,形成C3-C5碳环;Q为单键或C1-C8烃基亚基,其中任何一个不与羰基直接连接的亚甲基都可非强制性地被氧原子替代(或甲基被羟基替代);Y为单键或C1-C8烃基亚基。
在本发明的上下文中,烃基亚基指从直链、支链或环状,饱和或不饱和烃除去2个氢原子后得到的双基。
Q和Y的例子(非单键时)包括,但不限于,亚甲基,亚乙基,CH-CH,C≡C,1,3-亚丙基,CH=CHCH2,CH2CH=CH,C≡CCH2,CH2-C≡C,类似地衍生的C4-(1,4-亚丁基)和C5-双基,另外,对于Q:O-CH2,O-CH2CH2,CH2-O-CH2CH2,CH2CH2-O-CH2,CH(OEt)-C=CH,CH(OH)-CH2,CH(OEt)-C≡C,对于Y:亚苯基(o-,m-,p-)。
本发明化合物可包括一种以上的非对映异构体形式(例如当基团Q或Y中存在双键时的E或Z构型;当存在支链碳时的R和S构型)。本发明包括单一形式的所有这些非对映异构体及其混合物。另外,其中一个或多个羟基被可在体内被转化成羟基的基团掩蔽的I的前药也在本发明的范围中。
该化合物既可以通过浓缩有机溶剂而直接以结晶的形式获得,也可以通过用一种有机溶剂或该溶剂与可为有机或无机溶剂,如水的共溶剂的混合物结晶或重结晶而以结晶的形式获得。该结晶既可以基本上不含溶剂的形式,也可以溶剂化物的形式,如水合物的形式被分离。本发明包括所有结晶的形式及其混合物。
与其对体内钙代谢的影响(如测量血清钙浓度的增加和/或尿中钙浓度的增加)相比,最近公开的一些维生素D类似物显示了一定程度的有利于体外细胞分化诱导/细胞增生抑制活性的选择性,而它们对体内钙代谢的影响有害地限制了其可安全地使用的剂量。作为首先出现的这类药物、钙泊三醇(INN)或钙泊三烯(USAN),已根据这种选择性而被开发,并且现在已作为牛皮癣的表面治疗的有效安全的药品而在世界范围内被认可。
对另一种选自这类化合物的类似物(EB1089)的研究证实以低毒性剂量系统地使用维生素D类似物可在体内抑制乳腺癌细胞的增生(Colston,K.W.等,生化药理学(Biochem.Pharmacol.)44,2273-2280(1992))。
维生素D类似物有希望的抑制应答活性已被考察(Binderup,L.,生化药理学(Biochem Pharmacol.)43,1885-1892(1992))。例如,一系列20-表-维生素D类似物已被鉴定为体外T-淋巴细胞激活的有效抑制剂(Binderup,L.等,生化药理学(Biochem.Pharma-col.)42,1569-1575(1991)。在实验动物模型中系统地使用两种类似物,MC1288和KH1060,已显示体内免疫抑制活性。与小剂量的环孢菌素A结合的加性效用或协同作用已被观察。KH1060也已显示单独或与环孢菌素结合的防止糖尿病NOD小鼠移植胰岛的自体免疫破坏的作用(Bouillon,R.等,In:Vitamin D,Proceedings of theNinth Workshop on Vitamin D,Orlando,Florida,Walter de Gruyter,Berlin,1994,pp551-552)。MC1288能延长贲门和小肠移植大鼠的存活(Johnsson,C.等,In:Vitamin D,Proceedings of the Ninth Work-shop on Vitamin D,Orlando,Florida,Walter de Gruyter,Berlin,1994,pp549-550)。但是,在所有这些研究中,可产生明显的免疫抑制的剂量的类似物也可诱发血清钙水平的升高。因此仍然需要寻找既具有延长的治疗活性,毒性又很低的新的高效的类似物。
本发明提供了一系列迄今为止尚未公开的20-表维生素D3类似物,其特征是在侧链上存在一个酮官能团。侧链上具有酮基部分(与两个碳原子连接的羰基)的维生素D类似物并不是新化合物:例如,Kureha Chemical Industries kk在日本专利申请No.210016/1983公开了作为抗肿瘤药的23-氧代-1,25,26-三羟基维生素D3的用途。the University of California的Norman,A.W.和Mayer,E公开了1,25-二羟基-24-氧代-维生素D3和1,23,25-三羟基-24-氧代维生素D3的合成(US4,495,181,1985)。The Teijin Com-pany的日本专利申请No.067,423/1985上公开了作为瘤抑制剂的24-氧代-维生素D3衍生物。Hamma,N.等公开了维生素D3的氟衍生物及其制备方法(EP250,755,1988)。McLane,J.A.等公开了1,25-二羟基-16-烯-维生素D3的稳定并具有活性的代谢物(US 5,401,733,1995)。the Chugai Pharmaceutical Company在日本专利申请No.8,113,559/1996中公开了一例具有细胞分化活性的22-氧杂-2A-酮。但是,应该注意上述文献和其他在先技术中已被例举的侧链酮基化合物的特征是具有C-20甲基的天然维生素D构型。另外,这些化合物的酮官能团位于C-20以外的第二或第三个原子上(位置23或24)。
本发明化合物与在先技术侧链酮基化合物不同之处在于C-20甲基的构型;它具有如式I中以习用表示法表示的β-凸出构型。另外,其他C-20取代(侧链的其余部分)的骨架既不限于脂族或六碳结构,而且酮基的位置也不限于C-20以外第二或第三个原子。现已发现这些化合物具有意想不到的强免疫抑制活性和强肿瘤细胞增生抑制活性。例如,现已发现在体内较少产生钙血症的同时,实施例4化合物(化合物104)比上述文献(Binderup,1992)提出的类似物MC1288和KH1060(迄今被实验的最有效的化合物)具有更强的体外抑制同种异体T-淋巴细胞激活(混合的淋巴细胞反应)的活性。另外,在该免疫实验系统中,化合物104的效力至少比其相应的20-正常-构型(20R)异构体强10倍。在其他体外免疫学实验系统如对由植物血凝素诱导的人淋巴细胞的增生的抑制(使用Piekoszewski,W.等,免疫药理学与免疫毒理学(Immunopharma-cology and Immunotoxicology),16,389-401(1994)所述的方法)中也观察到强度相同的活性。实施例1和2(化合物101和102)也被发现具有比它们已被合成的20-异构体高十倍的效果。在参考同一文献(Binderup,1992)的U937癌细胞分化实验中,这些化合物也显示了高活性,本发明化合物比其20-异构体的活性强约10倍。流程1
式I化合物可按流程1的总的方法制备。在该流程中,使用其中醛碳适于变成目的化合物I中侧链酮基碳的维生素D核结构单元的醛II作为原料。醛II既可以是其中Qa表示单键的简单化合物或已知衍生物,也可以是按标准反应程度制备的新的衍生物。下文中,II中符号Qa表示与化合物I中Q相同的,或在合成的后续步骤中可被转化成Q的连接基团。另外,Qa的特征可按反应顺序随不同的中间体变化。但是,其具体的特性需要看上下文的具体内容。
下面描述合成流程:
1.II与由式Z-(Ya)-H或Z-(Ya)-Hal的侧链结构单元衍生物的式Z-(Ya)-M(其中金属基团M非强制性地表示Li或Mg-Hal;Hal=Cl,Br或I)的有机金属试剂反应,形成中间体III中碳侧链骨架的其余部分。侧链醇的构型可为R或S或混合物,与合成无关。再者,符号Ya的意义非强制性地与Y相同或者可以相互转换(与上述Qa类似),而符号Z与基团C(R1)(R2)(X)也有类似的关系。在中间体II的互补方法中,金属基(M)代替原料II中的醛(-CHO)官能团与式Z-(Ya)-CHO醛侧链结构单元反应。金属衍生物II(R=M)的前体IIa可按标准反应程序由醛形式的II制备。
其他反应步骤包括:
2 将醇氧化成酮;
3 非强制性地将基团Qa转化为Q;
4 非强制性地将基团Ya转化为Y;
5 非强制性地将基团Z转化为C(R1)(R2)(X);
6 维生素D三烯的三线态敏化光致异构化(5E到5Z);以及
7 除去维生素D核的甲硅烷基保护基。
步骤1到7的序列可被改变(例如可将步骤(6)的光致异构化放在(步骤1的)与侧链结构单元的反应之前),也可将几个步骤合并(例如,在步骤7去甲硅烷基化的条件下,也可进行(步骤5的)醇基X的脱保护基)。从维生素D类似物合成的在先技术中可知特定反应(即步骤2,6和7)的条件和试剂的例子。从任何一种中间体II到V或化合物I的选择性途径都是可用的并且对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的。
本发明化合物可用于治疗上文所述的人和医学疾病的药物组合物中。
当然,达到治疗效果所需式I化合物(下文称为活性组分)的量随具体化合物,给药途径和被治疗的动物的种类而变化。本发明化合物可通过肠胃外,关节内,肠内或表面途径给药。肠内给药时吸收良好,为系统疾病治疗的优选给药途径。在皮肤病如牛皮癣或眼部疾病的治疗中,优选表面给药或肠内给药。
在呼吸系统疾病如哮喘的治疗中优选气雾剂。
尽管活性组分可以原料化合物单独给药,但优选其存在于药物制剂中的形式。实用中,活性组分占制剂重量的0.1ppm到0.1%。
术语“剂量单位”指一个单元,即可对患者给药的单剂量,并且它可被容易地拿起和包装,仍保持含活性物质或它与药学上的固体或液体稀释或载体的混合物的物理性质和化学性质稳定的单位剂量。
本发明用于兽医和人药的制剂包含与药学上可接受的载体结合的活性组分以及非强制性地存在的其他治疗组分。载体必须在与制剂中其他组分兼容方面是“可接受的”而不能对接受者有害。
制剂包括适于口服,直肠,肠胃外(包括皮下,肌肉和静脉内),关节内和表面给药的制剂。
该制剂可方便地存在于剂量单位形式中,可按药剂学领域已知的任何方法制备。所有的方法都包括使活性组分与包括一种或多种辅助组分的载体结合的步骤,一般说来,制剂通过将活性组分与液体载体或粉碎的很细的固体载体或与二者均匀地及紧密地结合,然后,如果需要,使该产物按所需剂型成形,而制备。
本发明适于口服的制剂可为分剂量单位形式如胶囊,香囊剂,片剂或锭剂,各含有预定量的活性组分;可为粉剂或颗粒,可为含水液体或非水液体的溶液或悬浮液;或者水包油型乳剂或油包水型乳剂。活性组分也可以巨丸剂,干药糖剂或糊剂的形式给药。
通过将活性组分非强制性地与一种或多种辅助组分压缩或模制可制备片剂。压缩片剂可通过在合适的机器中压缩自由流动形式如粉末或颗粒的,非强制性地与粘合剂,润滑剂,惰性稀释剂,表面活性剂或分散剂混合的活性组分而制备。模制片剂可通过使被惰性液体稀剂润湿的粉状活性组分和合适的载体在合适的机器中模制而制备。
肠内给药制剂可为混入活性组分和载体如可可脂的栓剂,或灌肠剂。
适于肠胃外给药的制剂方便地包含活性组分的灭菌油或水制剂,它优选地与患者血液等渗。
适于关节内给药的制剂可为活性组分的灭菌水制剂,它可为微晶形式,例如,含水微晶悬浮液。脂质体制剂或可生物降解的聚合物系统也可用于本发明活性组分的关节内制剂和眼部制剂。
适于局部给药,包括眼部处理的制剂包括液体或半-液体制剂如擦剂,洗剂,凝胶,upplicants,水包油或油包水型乳剂如霜剂,软膏或糊剂;或溶液或悬浮液如滴剂。
对于治疗哮喘的粉末,自动推进或喷雾制剂,可由喷雾分散,可使用喷雾器或雾化器。该制剂分散时,优选的颗粒大小范围在10到100μ之间。
这样的制剂中最优选利用粉末吸入器肺部给药的粉碎的极细的粉末或自动推进粉末给药制剂。自动推进溶液和喷雾制剂的效果既可以通过选择具有所需喷雾特征(即能产生所需颗粒大小的喷雾)的阀门,也可通过将活性组分的被控制的颗粒大小的悬浮粉末混合而达到。这些自动推进制剂既可以是粉末给药制剂也可以是活性组分作为溶液或悬浮液的液滴给药的制剂。
自动推进粉末给药制剂优选地包含固体活性组分散颗粒,和大气压下沸点低于18℃的液体推进剂。一般说来,推进剂占制剂的45到99.9%w/w,而活性组分占制剂的0.1ppm到0.1%w/w。
除上述组分外,本发明制剂可包括一种或多种另外的组分如稀释剂,缓冲剂,芳香剂,粘合剂,表面活性剂,增稠剂,润滑剂,防腐剂,例如羟基苯甲酸酯(包括抗氧剂),乳化剂等。该组合物可进一步含有常用于治疗上文所述疾病的其他治疗活性化合物。
本发明进一步涉及一种治疗上文所述疾病的方法,该方法包括对需要治疗的患者使用治疗有效量的一种或多种式I化合物,既可单独使用,也可与一种或多种其他常用于治疗上述疾病的治疗活性化合物联合使用。治疗中本发明化合物和/或另外的治疗活性化合物既可同时使用可也可以间隔使用。
在全身疾病的治疗中所使用的式I化合物的日剂量为0.1-100μg,优选0.2-25μg。在皮肤病的表面治疗中所使用的软膏,霜剂或洗剂含0.1-500μg/g,优选0.1-100μg/g式I化合物。在眼科表面用药中的软膏,滴剂或凝胶含0.1-500μg/g,优选0.1-100μg/g式I化合物,在口服制剂,优选片剂,胶囊,或滴剂中,每剂量单位含0.05-50μg,优选0.1-25μg式I化合物。
本发明将进一步通过下列非限制性制备例实施例说明:制备例和实施例
实施例中化合物I列于表1,而通式II,III,IV和V的原料和中间体列于表2。
本申请使用下列标准缩写:Me=甲基;Et=乙基;TBS=叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基;THP=四氢-4H-吡喃-2-基;THF=四氢呋喃。
一般方法
醚指乙醚。四氢呋喃(THF)由钠/二苯酮干燥。除非另外指出,反应在氩气氛下进行,在标准操作步骤中,有机层被分离,用氯化钠饱和溶液洗涤,用无水硫酸镁干燥,真空浓缩得到产物。
除非另外指出,引用的1H核磁共振谱(300MHz)为相对于内标四甲基硅烷(δ=0.00)或氯仿(δ=7.25)的氘代氯仿中的化学位移值(δ)(ppm)。不论限定(二重峰(d),三重峰(t),四重峰(q)与否(m),除非范围已被标出(s=单峰,b=宽峰),多重峰的值大约取其中间点。
表1:实施例中化合物I(提供给出实施例编号
的化合物的细节;其化化合物可使用类似
的反应程序从合适的化合物II或IIa制
备)化合物 实施例 Q Y R1 R2 XNo. No.101 1 (CH2)2 单键 Me Me H102 2 单键 (CH2)4 Me Me OH103 3 单键 C≡C-CH2Et Et OH104 4 (CH2)2 单键 Me Me OH105 5 (CH2)2 单键 -(CH2)4- OH106 6 *CH=CH 单键 Me Me H107 *CH=CH 单键 Me Me OH108 7 O-(CH2)2 单键 Et Et H109 8 O-(CH2)2 单键 Et Et OH110 CH2-O-(CH2)2 单键 Me Me OH111 *CH=CH 单键 -(CH2)2- H112 ¤CH(OEt)-C=CH* 单键 Et Et OH113 #CH(OH)-CH2 单键 Me Me OH114 ¤CH(OEt)-C≡C 单键 Et Et OH115 CH2 (CH2)2 Me Me OH116 (CH2)3 单键 Et Et OH117 CH2 CH2 Me Me OH
* 该双键为正构型。
# 该碳为R构型。
¤ 该碳为S构型。
表2:式II到V的中间体的例子(流程1)(提供给出制备例编号的化合物的详细情况,无另外说明时,其他化合物可使用类似的反应程序制备)制备例 化合物 化合物 (Qa) (Ya) Z编号 编号 类型* 0001 II 单键** 0002 II (CH2)201 0003 III 单键 (CH2)4 C(OSi(CH3)3)(Me)202 0004 III (CH2)2 单键 CH(Me)203 0005 III 单键 C≡C-CH2 C(O-THP)(Et)204 0006 III 单键 (CH2)4 C(OH)(Me)205 0007 III 单键 C≡C-CH2 C(OH)(Et)206 0008 IV CH=CH*** 单键 CH(Me)207 0009 IV 单键 (CH2)4 C(OH)(Me)208 0010 IV 单键 C≡C-CH2 C(OH)(Et)209 0011 IV (CH2)2 单键 CH(Me)210 0011 IV (CH2)2 单键 CH(Me)211a 0012a ****11b 0012 IV (CH2)2 单键 C(OSi(CH3)3)(Me)212 0013 V (CH2)2 单键 CH(Me)213 0014 V 单键 (CH2)4 C(OH)(Me)2
表2(续)制备例 化合物 化合物 (Qa) (Ya) Z编号 编号 类型14 0015 V 单键 C≡C-CH2 C(OH)(Et)215 0016 V (CH2)2 单键 C(OSi(CH3)3)(Me)216a 0017a ****16b 0017 II O-(CH2)217 0018 III O-(CH2)2 单键 CH(Et)218 0019 IV O-(CH2)2 单键 CH(Et)219a 0020a ****19b 0020 IV O-(CH2)2 单键 C(OSi(CH3)3)(Et)220 0021 V O-(CH2)2 单键 CH(Et)221 0022 V O-(CH2)2 单键 C(OSi(CH3)3)(Et)2
0023 II (CH2)-O-(CH2)2** 0024 II CH2** 0025 II (CH2)3* 0029 IV CH=CH*** 单键 环丙基22 0030 IV CH=CH*** 单键 环丙基
0031 IV (CH2)2 单键 环丙基
0032 IV (CH2)2 单键 C(OSi(CH3)3)(CH2)4
表2(续)制备例 化合物 化合物 (Qa) (Ya) Z编号 编号 类型23 0033 V CH=CH*** 单键 CH(Me)2
0034 V (CH2)2 单键 C(OSi(CH3)3)(CH2)424 0035 II CH(OEt)-CH=CH***25 0036 II #CH(OTBS)-CH226 0037 IIa ¤CH(OEt)-C≡C27 0038 III ¤CH(OEt)-C≡C 单键 CH(Et)2表2中脚注在用到的地方,描述参考流程1。
*原料(化合物0001)或中间体(化合物0029),公开于:Calver-ley,M.J.四面体(Tetrahedron),Vol.43,pp.4609-4619(1987)。**原料,公开于:Calverley,M.J.和Pedersen,H.新的维生素D类似物,国际专利申请WO9,410,139-A1(1994);制备例1,2和3(化合物0024,0002,和0025)。***该双键为E-构型。****其中侧链结构未在流程1中表示的中间体。整个化合物的名称包括于制备例中。# 该碳为R-构型。¤ 该碳为S构型。
一般方法1(制备例01,02,17)
保持约5℃的温度下,在由镁(3.3mmol)和侧链结构单元(3ml)制备的格氏试剂于无水THF(3ml)的溶液中经注射器加入无水THF(5ml)中的醛(Ca,1mmol)。在相同的温度下搅拌30分钟后,将反应混合物在乙醚和氯化铵饱和溶液之间分配。标准操作得到油状产物。
制备例01:化合物0003
(该制备例为Calverley,M.J.和Binderup,E.T.新的维生素D类似物。国际专利申请WO9,100,271-A:(1991),制备例32:的无异构体分离的修改)侧链结构单元:6-溴-2-甲基-2-(三甲基甲硅烷氧基)己烷(0.80g);醛:化合物0001(0.55g,0.96mmol);无需进一步纯化,含标题化合物的产物用于下一步骤。
制备例02:化合物0004
侧链结构单元:2-溴丙烷(0.37g),醛:化合物0002(0.60g):产物通过硅胶层析(50g)(洗脱剂:15%石油醚中的乙醚)得到油状标题化合物;δ0.05(12H,m),0.54(3H,s),0.75 to 1.0(9H,m),0.85(9H,s),0.9(9H,s),1.05 to 2.1(20H,m),2.3(1H,bd),2.55(1H,dd),2.87(1H,bd),3.31(1H,m),4.21(1H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.98(1H,m),5.81(1H,d),6.45(1H,d).制备例03:化合物0005
(该制备例为Bretting,C.A.S.和Grue-Sorensen,G.,国际专利申请WO9,319,044-A1(1993)。制备例13:的无异构体分离的修改)保持约-70℃的温度下,在由正丁基锂(1.6M己烷中;3mmol)和侧链结构单元4-乙基-4-(四氢-吡喃基氧)-己-1-炔(0.65g,3.1mmol)制备的锂衍生物于无水THF(5ml)中的溶液中经注射器加入无水THF中的化合物0001(0.575g,1mmol)。在相同的温度下搅拌10分钟然后在0℃搅拌45分钟后,使反应混合物在乙醚和水之间分配。标准操作得到油状产物。通过硅胶(50g)层析(洗脱剂:30%石油醚中的乙醚)得到油状标题化合物。
一般方法2(制备例04,05)保持约25℃的温度下,在三甲基甲硅烷基醚(0.96mmol)或THP醚(0.22mmol)于THF(2ml)中的溶液中加入乙醇(10ml)中的对甲基磺酸吡喃鎓(0.010g,0.04mmol,对于三甲基甲硅烷基醚;0.150g,0.6mmol,对于THP醚)。在相同的温度下搅拌15分钟(三甲基甲硅烷基醚)或2小时(THP醚)后,使反应混合物在乙酸乙酯在5%碳酸氢钠溶液之间分配。标准操作得到油状产物。
制备例04:化合物0006
三甲基甲硅烷基醚:化合物0003,化合物0001的粗产物(0.96mmol);通过硅胶(50g)层析(洗脱剂:40%石油醚中的乙酸乙酯)纯化,得到油状标题化合物;
δ0.06(12H,m),0.54(3H,s),0.83(3H,d),0.86(9H,s),0.89(9H,s),1.01 to 2.15(24H,m),1.2(6H,s),2.31(1H,bd),2.55(1H,dd),2.88(1H,bd),3.85(1H,m),4.21(1H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.98(1H,m),5.83(1H,d),6.45(1H,d).制备例05:化合物0007
THP醚:化合物0005(0.170g,0.217mmol);含标题化合物的产物不需进一步纯化而用于下一步骤。δ0.05(12H,m),0.55(3H,s),0.85(9H,s),0.88(6H,t),0.89(9H,s),1.03(3H,d),1.15 to 2.1(20H,m),2.31.(1H,bd),2.37(2H,m),2.54(1H,dd),2.87(1H,m),4.21(1H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.61(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.98(1H,m),5.82(1H,d),6.44(1H,d).制备例06:化合物0008
保持约25℃的温度下,在化合物0001(0.481g,0,84mmol)于无水甲基(3ml)中的溶液中加入侧链结构单元2-丙基羰基亚甲基三苯基正膦(0.60g,1.72mmol)。在相同的温度下搅拌10分钟然后在110℃搅拌5小时后,将反应混合物部分真空浓缩并用乙醚稀释。将该溶液放置结晶并过滤。真空浓缩滤液得到油状物。通过硅胶(50g)层析(洗脱剂:10%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化得到标题化合物针晶(从甲醇中);m.p.123-124℃;δ0.05(12H,m),0.5(3H,s),0.85(9H,s),0.89(9H,s),1(3H,d),1 to 1.82(10H,m),1.09(6H,d),1.95(3H,m),2.25(1H,m),2.3(1H,bd),2.54(1H,dd),2.81(1H,m),2.84(1H,bd),4.21(1H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.97(1H,m),5.81(1H,d),6.1(1H,d),6.43(1H,d),6.77(1H,dd).制备例07:化合物0009
保持约25℃的温度下,在化合物0006(0.69g,0.1mmol)于无水二氯甲烷(2ml)中的溶液中加入固体氯铬酸吡啶鎓(0.04g,0.19mmol)。在相同的温度下搅拌1小时后,用乙醚萃取反应混合物。将有机层分出,过滤,真空浓缩,得到油状物。通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:20%石油醚中的乙酸乙酯)纯化,得到油状标题化合物;δ0.06(12H,m),0.51(3H,s),0.85(9H,s),0.88(9H,s),1.02(3H,d),1.1 to 2.1(20H,m),1.2(6H,s),2.31(1H,bd),2.5(4H,m),2.85(1H,m),4.21(1H,m),4.51(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.97(1H,m),5.81(1H,d),6.43(1H,d).一般方法3(制备例08,09,18)
保持约25℃的温度,在醇(0.2到0.5mmol)于无水二氯甲烷(10ml)中的溶液中,分批加入1,1,1-三乙酰氧基-1,1-二氢-1,2-iodoxol-3(1H)-酮(1.2mol当量)。在相同的温度下搅拌15分钟后,使反应混合物在乙醚和含过量硫代硫酸钠的5%碳酸氢钠水溶液之间分配。标准操作得到油状产物。
制备例08:化合物0010
醇:化合物0007,来自化合物0005的粗产物,(0.217mmol);通过硅胶(30g)层析(洗脱剂:40%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物得到油状标题化合物;δ0.05(12H,m),0.54(3H,s),0.85(9H,s),0.88(9H,s),0.92(6H,t),1.1 to 2.1(14H,m),1.14(3H,d),2.3(1H,bd),2.52(2H,m),2.56(2H,s),2.86(1H,m),4.21(1H,m),4.51(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.97(1H,m),5.81(1H,d),6.43(1H,d).制备例09:化合物0011
醇:化合物0004(0.322g,0.5mmol);通过硅胶(30g)层析(洗脱剂:5%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到针晶形(从甲醇中)标题化合物;m.p.95-96℃;δ0.05(12H,m),0.55(3H,s),0.83(3H,d),0.85(9H,s),0.89(9H,s),1.08(6H,d),1.2 to 2.1(16H,m),2.25 to 2.7(5H,m),2.86(1H,bd),4.21(1H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.98(1H,m),5.81(1H,d),6.45(1H,d).制备例10:化合物0011(选择性合成)
保持约25℃的温度,在化合物0008(1.15g,1.79mmol)于甲苯(50ml)中的溶液中加入含碳酸氢钠(5.5g)和氯化甲基三癸铵(0.55g)的连二亚硫酸钠水溶液(5.45g,31mmol)。在相同温度下剧烈搅拌5分钟,然后在80℃搅拌3小时后,使反应混合物在乙醚和水之间分配。标准操作得到油状产物。通过硅胶(30g)层析(洗脱剂:30%石油醚中乙醚)纯化,得到针晶状(从甲醇中结晶)标题化合物;
m.p.95-96℃;δ0.05(12H,m),0.55(3H,s),0.83(3H,d),0.85(9H,s),0.89(9H,s),1.08(6H,d),1.2to 2.1(16H,m),2.25 to 2.7(5H,m),2.86(1H,bd),4.21(1H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.98(1H,m),5.81(1H,d),6.45(1H,d).一般方法4(制备例11a,19a)
保持约5℃的温度,在酮(Ca.0.5mmol)于无水二氯甲烷(3ml)中的溶液中加入六甲基二甲硅烷(2摩尔当量)然后加入碘代三甲基甲硅烷(0.6摩尔当量)。在相同的温度下搅拌1小时,然后在-20℃搅拌过夜后,使反应混合物在乙醚和5%碳酸氢钠溶液间分配。标准操作得到油状产物。
制备例11a:24-三甲基甲硅烷氧基-1(S),3(R)-二
(TBS-氧)-20(S)-9,10-断一胆甾-5
(E),7(E),10(19),24-四烯(化合物
0012a)
酮:化合物0011(0.395g,0.61mmol);通过硅胶(30g)层析(洗脱剂:1%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到针晶状(来自甲醇中)标题化合物;m.p.69-71℃;δ0.05(12H,m),0.15(9H,s),0.53(3H,s),0.86(3H,d),0.86(9H,s),0.89(9H,s),1 to 2.08(17H,m),1.56(3H,s),1.59(3H,s),2.16(1H,m),2.3(1H,bd),2.55(1H,dd),2.86(1H,bd),4.21(1H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.98(1H,m),5.81(1H,d),6.45(1H,d).一般方法5(制备例11b,19b)
保持约5℃的温度,在烯醇醚(Ca.0.2mmol)于无水二氯甲烷(5ml)中的溶液中加入固体m-氯过苯甲酸(85%)(1.1摩尔当量)。在相同的温度下搅拌15分钟后,使反应混合物在乙醚和5%碳酸氢钠溶液之间分配。标准操作得到油状产物。
制备例11b:化合物0012
烯醇醚:化合物0012a(0.152g,0.21mmol);通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:5%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化,得到针晶状(来自甲醇)标题化合物;m.p.82-84℃;δ0.05(12H,m),0.15(9H,s),0.55(3H,s),0.84(3H,d),0.85(9H,s),0.89(9H,s),1.15 to 2.08(16H,m),1.32(6H,s),2.3(1H,bd),2.56(1H,dd),2.62(2H,m),2.86(1H,m),4.21(1H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.93(1H,m),4.98(1H,m),5.81(1H,d),6.45(1H,d).一般方法6(制备例12到15,20,21,23)
将Pyrex烧瓶中的5E-维生素D化合物(Ca.0.1mmol),蒽(制备例20和21中的9-乙酰基蒽)(0.03g)和三乙胺(0.1ml)在甲苯或二氯甲烷(5ml)中的溶液用高压紫外灯,型号TQ718Z2(Hanau)的光线,在约10℃照射30分钟。将反应混合物部分真空浓缩,得到油状产物。
制备例12,化合物0013
5E-维生素D化合物:化合物0011(0.067g,0.104mmol)(甲基中);通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:5%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化得到油状标题化合物;δ0.05(12H,m),0.53(3H,s),0.82(3H,d),0.87(18H,s),1.05 to 2.05(16H,m),1.08(6H,d),2.2(1H,dd),2.3 to 2.67(4H,m),2.81(1H,m),4.18(1H,m),4.36(1H,m),4.85(1H,m),5.17(1H,m),6.00(1H,d),6.22(1H,d).制备例13:化合物0014
5E-维生素D化合物:化合物0009(0.080g,0.116mmol)(二氯甲烷中);通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:30%石油醚中的乙酸乙酯)纯化产物,得到油状标题化合物;δ0.05(12H,m),0.49(3H,s),0.87(9H,s),0.87(9H,8),1(3H,d),1.19(3H,s),1.19(3H,s),2.2(1H,dd),2.3 to2.7(4H,m),2.81(1H,m),4.18(1H,m),4.36(1H,m),4.85(1H,m),5.17(1H,m),6(1H,d),6.22(1H,d).制备例14:化合物0015
5E-维生素D化合物:化合物0010(0.076g,0.109mmol)(二氯甲烷中);通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:50%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到油状标题化合物;δ0.05(12H,m),0.53(3H,s),0.87(18H,s),0.92(6H,t),1.14(3H,d),2.2(1H,dd),2.4(1H,dd),2.53(1H,m),2.57(2H,8),2.81(1H,m),4.18(1H,m),4.36(1H,m),4.85(1H,m),5.17(1H,m),6(1H,d),6.22(1H,d).制备例15:化合物0016
5E-维生素D化合物:化合物0012(0.062g,0.085mmol)(甲苯中);通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:2%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到油状标题化合物;δ0.05(12H,m),0.15(9H,s),0.53(3H,s),0.84(3H,d),0.87(18H,s),1.32(3H,s),1.32(3H,s),2.2(1H,dd),2.4(1H,m),2.62(2H,m),2.81(1H,m),4.18(1H,m),4.36(1H,m),4.85(1H,m),5.17(1H,m),6(1H,d),6.22(1H,d).制备例16a:(2-氰基乙氧基-1(S),3(R)-=(TBS
-氢基)-9,10-20(R)-断-孕甾-5
(E),7(E),10(19),24-三烯(化合物
0017a)
保持约25℃的温度,在20(R)-羟基-1(S),3(R)-二-(TBS-氧基)-9,10-20(R)-断孕甾-5(E),7(E),10(19),24-三烯(1.3g,2.32mmol)于二氯甲烷(40ml)中的溶液中加入40%氢氧化四丁基铵(20ml,15mmol)水溶液。接着加入丙烯腈(4.84g,91mmol)。在相同的温度下剧烈搅拌过夜后,使反应混合物在乙醚和水之间分配。标准操作得到油状产物,通过硅胶(80g)层析(洗脱剂:20%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化,得到标题化合物;
δ=0.05(m,12H),0.56(s,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.88(s,9H),1.10(d,3H),1.10-2.20(m,13H),2.30(bd,1H),2.55(dd,1H),2.56(t,2H),2.87(bd,1H),3.34(m,1H),3.44(m,1H),3.75(m,1H),4.20(m,1H),4.52(dd,1H),4.92(bt,1H),4.98(bs,1H),5.79(d,1H),6.45(d,1H).制备例16b:化合物0017
保持约-70℃的温度,在化合物0017a(0.9g,1.46mmol)于无水乙醚(45ml)中的溶液中经注射器加入氢化二异丁基铝(1M,己烷中;2mmol)。在相同的温度下搅拌1小时后,使反应混合物在乙醚和氯化铵饱和溶液之间分配。标准操作后,通过硅胶(50g)层析(洗脱剂:30%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化油状产物,得到油状标题化合物;δ=0.05(m,12H),0.53(s,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.88(s,9H),1.09(d,3H),1.05-2.10(m,13H),2.30(bd,1H),2.54(dd,1H),2.62(dt,2H),2.86(bd,1H),3.30(m,1H),3.55(m,1H),3.88(m,1H),4.20(m,1H),4.52(dd,1H),4.93(bt,1H),4.98(bt,1H),5.79(d,1H),6.44(d,1H),9.78(t,1H).制备例17:化合物0018(一般方法1)
侧链结构单元:3-溴戊烷(0.45g),醛:化合物0017(0.49g,0.8mmol);通过硅胶(50g)层析(洗脱剂:20%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到标题化合物分离的异构体,下一步骤时可重新合并使用。首先洗脱的油状异构体;δ=0.05(m,12H),0.54(s,3H),1.85(m,6H),0.86(s,9H),0.88(s,9H),1.11(d,3H),1.10-2.15(m,20H),2.30(bd,1H),2.54(dd,1H),2.86(bd,1H),3.18(bs,1H),3.26(m,1H),3.49(m,1H),3.75(m,2H),4.21(m,1H),4.52(dd,1H),4.93(bt,1H),4.98(bs,1H),5.79(d,1H),6.45(d,1H);第二个被洗脱的油状异构体;
δ=0.05(m,12H),0.55(s,3H),0.87(m,6H),0.86(s,9H),0.88(s,9H),1.09(d,3H),1.10-2.15(m,21H),2.30(bd,1H),2.54(dd,1H),2.86(bd,1H),3.29(m,1H),3.44(m,1H),3.72(m,2H),4.21(m,1H),4.52(dd,1H),4.93(bs,1H),4.98(bs,1H),5.79(d,1H),6.45(d,1H).制备例18:化合物0019(一般方法3)
醇:化合物0018(0.22g,0.32mmol),通过硅胶(30g)层析(洗脱剂:10%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到标题化合物;
δ=0.05(m,12H),0.54(s,3H),0.83(t,3H),0.84(t,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.89(s,9H),1.07(d,3H),1.05-1.80(m,16H),1.85-2.07(m,3H),2.25-2.35(m,2H),2.55(m,1H),2.86(bd,1H),3.29(m,1H),3.46(m,1H),3.79(m,1H),4.21(m,1H),4.51(dd,1H),4.93(m,1H),4.97(m,1H),5.79(d,1H),6.45(d,1H).
制备例19a:(3-三甲基甲硅烷氧基-4-乙基-己-3
-烯氧基)-1(S),3(R)-二(TBS-氧)
-20(R)-9,10-断-孕甾-5(E),7(E),
10(19)-三烯(化合物0020a)
(一般方法4)
酮:化合物0019(0.178g,0.25mmol);通过硅胶(30g)层析(洗脱剂:1%在石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到标题化合物;
δ=0.06(m,12H),0.55(s,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.90(s,9H),0.92(t,3H),0.93(t,3H),1.08(d,3H),1.16(s,9H),1.00-2.25(m,17H),2.31(bd,1H),2.37(m,2H),2.55(dd,1H),2.86(bd,1H),3.31(m,2H),3.63(m,1H),4.21(m,1H),4.53(m,1H),4.93(m,1H),4.98(m,1H),5.79(d,1H),6.46(d,1H).制备例19b:化合物0020(一般方法5)
烯醇-醚:化合物0012a(0.1g,0.13mmol);通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:5%在石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到标题化合物;
δ=0.06(m,12H),0.17(s,9H),0.55(s,3H),0.77(t,3H),0.78(t,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.89(s,9H),1.08(d,3H),1.00-2.15(m,17H),2.29(bd,1H),2.55(dd,1H),2.70-2.92(m,3H),3.30(m,1H),4.45(m,1H),3.78(m,1H),4.21(m,1H),4.53(m,1H),4.93(m,1H),4.98(m,1H),5.79(d,1H),6.45(d,1H).
制备例20:化合物0021(-般方法6)
5E-维生素D化合物:化合物0019(0.06g,0.87mmol)(甲苯中);无需进一步纯化,含标题化合物的产物用于下一步骤。δ值与结构一致。
制备例21:化合物0022(一般方法6)
5E-维生素D化合物:化合物0020(0.07g,0.09mmol)(甲苯中);无需进一步纯化,含标准化合物的产物被用于下一步骤。下面标题化合物相关的信号:
δ=0.06(m,12H),0.17(s,9H),0.56(s,3H),0.78(t,3H),0.79(t,3H),0.88(s,18H),1.08(d,3H),1.00-2.15(m,17H),2.22(dd,1H),2.45(dd,1H),2.80(m,3H),3.30(m,1H),3.45(m,1H),3.79(m,1H),4.19(m,1H),4.38(m,1H),4.87(m,1H),5.18(m,1H),6.00(d,1H),6.25(d,1H).制备例22:化合物0030
通过用侧链结构单元环戊基羰基亚甲基三苯基正膦代替制备例6中的2-丙基羰基亚甲基三苯基正膦而制备标题化合物。
制备例23:化合物0033
5E-维生素D化合物:化合物0008(0.09g,0.14mmol)(二氯甲烷中);通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:30%石油醚中的乙醚)纯化产物,得到标题化合物;δ值与结构一致。
制备例24:化合物0035
该化合物按下列顺序:1.CH2=CH-MgBr;2.通过层析分离异构体;3.EtBr,KH;4.SO2;5.O3;6.pph3;7.加热,NaHCO3;8.Ph3PCHCO2Me;9.氢化二异丁基铝;10.1,1,1-乙酰氧-1,1-二氢-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1 H)-酮),由化合物0001制备。
制备例25:化合物0036
该化合物按下列顺序:1.CH3CO2Et,LiN(SiMe3)2;2.TBS-三氟甲磺酸酯,2,6-卢剔啶;3.氢化二异丁基铝,由化合物0001制备。
制备例26:化合物0037
该化合物按下列顺序:1.Me3SiC≡CH,正丁基锂;2.EtBr,KH;3.氟化四丁基铵,由化合物0001制备。
制备例27:化合物0038
保持约-70℃的温度,在由正丁基锂(1.6M,己烷中;1mmol)与化合物0037(1mmol)制备的锂衍生物于无水THF(5ml)中的溶液中经注射器加入无水THF(2ml)中的2-乙基丁醛(1mmol)。在相同的温度搅拌10分钟,然后在0℃搅拌45分钟后,使反应混合物在乙醚和水之间分配。标准操作得到油状产物。通过硅胶(50g)层析(洗脱剂:30%在石油醚中的乙醚)纯化得到油状标题化合物。
一般方法7(实施例)
保持约25℃的温度,在乙腈(5ml)中的TBS-醚(Ca.0.1mmol)的乙酸乙酯溶液(约0.3ml)的混合物中加入48%氢氟酸水溶液(0.5g,12mmol)。在相同的温度下搅拌1小时后,使反应混合物在乙酸乙酯和1N氢氧化钠溶液之间分配。标准操作后得到油状产物,通过硅胶(15g)层析(洗脱剂:乙酸乙酯)纯化,得到标题化合物。
实施例1: 24-氧代-1(S),3(R)-二羟基-20(S)
-9,10-断-胆甾-5(z),7(E),10(19)
-三烯(化合物101)
TBS-醚:化合物0013(0.050g,0.078mmol);标题化合物:油;
δ0.56(3H,s),0.83(3H,d),1.09(6H,d),1.15 to 2.1(18H,m),2.31(1H,dd),2.4(1H,ddd),2.5(1H,m),2.59(1H,dd),2.61(1H,m),2.82(1H,dd),4.23(1H,m),4.43(1H,m),5(1H,m),5.32(1H,m),6.02(1H,d),6.37(1H,d).实施例2:1(S),3(R)-二羟基-20(R)-(6-羟基
-6-甲基-1-庚酰基)-9,10-断-孕
甾-5(z),7(E),10(19)-三烯(化合物
102)TBS-醚:化合物0014(0.065g,0.095mmol);标题化合物:油;
δ0.52(3H,s),1.02(3H,d),1.1 to 2.05(22H,m),1.21(6H,s),2.3(1H,s),2.37 to 2.65(4H,m),2.81(1H,m),4.22(1H,m),4.42(1H,m),4.99(1H,m),5.33(1H,m),6.01(1H,d),6.35(1H,d).实施例3:1(S),3(R)-二羟基-20(R)-(5-羟基
-5-乙基-2-庚炔-1-酰基)-9,10-
断-孕甾-5(z),7(E),10(19)-三烯(化
合物103)TBS-醚:化合物0015(0.07g,0.1mmol);标题化合物:油;
δ0.55(3H,s),0.93(6H,t),1.1 to 2.1(20H,m),1.14(3H,d),2.31(1H,dd),2.53(1H,m),2.57(2H,s),2.59(1H,m),2.82(1H,dd),4.23(1H,m),4.42(1H,m),4.99(1H,m),5.33(1H,m),6.01(1H,d),6.36(1H,d).实施例4:24-氧代-1(S),3(R),25-三羟基-20
(S)-9,10-断-孕甾-5(z),7(E),10
(19)-三烯(化合物104)
TBS-醚:化合物0016(0.053g,0.073mmol);标题化合物:油状;δ0.57(3H,s),0.85(3H,d),1.2 to 2.1(18H,m),1.39(6H,s),2.31(1H,dd),2.55(3H,m),2.83(1H,m),3.83(1H,s),4.23(1H,m),4.43(1H,m),5(1H,m),5.33(1H,m),6.02(1H,d),6.38(1H,d).
实施例5:24-(1-羟基-环戊基)-24-氧代-1
(S),3(R)-二羟基-20(S)-9,10-断-
胆甾-5(z),7(E),10(19)-三烯(化合物
105)
TBS-醚:化合物0034(0.05g,0.066mmol);标题化合物:油状;
δ0.57(3H,s),0.85(3H,d),1.2 to 2.1(26H,m),2.31(1H,dd),2.55(3H,m),2.83(1H,m),3.83(1H,s),4.23(1H,m),4.43(1H,m),5(1H,m),5.33(1H,m),6.02(1H,d),6.38(1H,d).
实施例6:24-氧代-1(S),3(R)-二羟基-20(R)
-9,10-断-胆甾-5(z),7(E),10(19),
22(E)-四烯(化合物106)
TBS-醚:化合物0033(0.050g,0.078mmol);标题化合物:油;
δ0.56(3H,s),1(3H,d),1.09(6H,d),1.15 to 2.1(16H,m),2,25(1H,m),2.31(1H,dd),2.59(1H,dd),2.81(1H,m),2.82(1H,dd),4.23(1H,m),4.43(1H,m),5(1H,m),5.32(1H,m),6.02(1H,d),6.1(1H,d),6.37(1H,d),6.77(1H,dd).
实施例7:1(S),3(R)-二羟基-20(R)-(3-氧代
-4-乙基-1-己氧基)-9,10-断-孕
甾-5-(z),7(E),10(19)-三烯(化合物
108)TBS-醚:化合物0021,制备例20的粗产物;标题化合物:油;
δ0.55(s,3H),0.84(t,3H),0.85(t,3H),1.08(d,3H),1.10-1.80(m,15H),1.90-2.07(m,4H),2.25-2.35(m,2H),2.60(bd,1H),2.75(bq,2H),2.82(bd,1H),3.29(m,1H),3.47(m,1H),3.79(m,1H),4.23(m,1H),4.42(m,1H),5.00(bs,1H),5.33(bs,1H),5.99(d,1H),6.38(d,1H).
实施例8:1(S).3(R)-二羟基-20(R)-(3-氧代
-4-羟基-4-乙基-1-己氧基)-9,10
-断-孕甾-5(z),7(E),10(19)-三烯
(化合物109)TBS-醚:化合物0022,制备例21的粗产物;标题化合物:油;δ 0.54(s,3H),0.77(t,3H),0.79(t,3H),1.07(d,3H),1.05-2.10(m,19H),2.30(dd,1H),2.58(m,2H),2.81(m,2H),3.28(m,1H),3.50(m,1H),3.83(s,1H),3.85(m,1H),4.22(m,1H),4.41(m,1H),4.98(m,1H),5.31(m,1H),5.98(d,1H),6.37(d,1H).实施例7:含化合物104的胶囊
将化合物104溶于花生油中,使最终浓度为1μg/ml油。将十份重量的明胶,5份重量的甘油,0.08份重量的山梨酸钾,和14份重量的蒸馏水加热混在一起,形成软明胶胶囊。然后在每个胶囊中装入100μl化合物104的油溶液。
实施例8:含化合物104的皮肤用霜剂
将化合物104(0.05mg)溶于杏仁油(1g)。在该溶液中加入矿物油(40g)和自乳化蜂蜡(20g)。将该混合物加热至液化。加入热水(40ml)后,将该混合物充分混合。每克所得霜剂含大约0.5μg化合物104。
Claims (10)
1.式I化合物其中式X为氢或羟基;R1和R2为甲基或乙基,或者,与连有基团X的碳原子连在一起,形成C3-C5碳环;Q为单键或C1-C8烃基亚基,其中任何一个不与羰基直接连接的亚甲基都可非强制性地被氧原子替代(或甲基被羟基替代);Y为单键或C1-C8烃基亚基;以及I的衍生物,其中一个或多个羟基被可在体内被还原成羟基的基团掩蔽。
2.根据权利要求1的式I化合物,其中X为羟基而Y为单键。
3.根据权利要求1-2中任一项的化合物的纯的非对映异构体;或该非对映异构体的混合物。
4.根据权利要求2的化合物,24-氧代-1(S),3(R),25-三羟基-20(S)-9,10-断-胆甾-5(z),7(E),10(19)-三烯。
5.根据权利要求2的化合物,1(S),3(R)-二羟基-20(R)-(3-氧代-4-羟基-4-乙基-1-己氧基)-9,10-断-孕甾-5(z),7(E),10(19)-三烯。
6.制备权利要求1的式I化合物的方法,其中使1(S),3(R)-二-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧)-20(R)-甲酰-9,10-断-孕甾-5(E),7(E),10(19)-三烯或侧链同系化的醛如1(S),3(R)-二-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧)-20(S)-(2-甲酰乙基)-9,10-断-孕甾-5(E),7(E),10(19)-三烯或1(S),3(R)-二-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧)-20(R)-(2-甲酰乙基)-9,10-断-孕甾-5(E),7(E),10(19)-三烯(该化合物由1(S),3(R)-二(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧)-20(R)-羟基-9,10-断-孕甾-5(E),7(E),10(19)-三烯通过丙烯腈碱性催化剂催化下的氰乙基化接着用二异丁基铝氢化物还原并水解而制备)与非强制性地含有被保护的(例如甲硅烷基化的或四氢吡喃基化的)叔醇官能团的格氏试剂或有机锂试剂反应,随后非强制性地使该官能团脱保护,得到
仲醇,将其氧化(例如用1,1,1-三乙酰氧-1,1-二氢-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1H)-酮)得到
酮,将其非强制性地通过顺序转化到甲硅烷基烯醇醚的反应(例如用碘代三甲基甲硅烷和碱)以及氧化反应(例如用过氧羧酸)而被α-三甲基甲硅烷氧化;它可在三线态敏化剂(例如蒽)的存在下用UV线进行任意的链异构化并可用例如氟化氢除去甲硅烷基。
7.含有有效量的一种或多种权利要求1-5的化合物,与药学上可接受的,无毒的载体和/或辅助剂的药物组合物。
8.根据权利要求7的药物组合物,其中单剂量形式含有0.1ppm到0.1%重量比的剂量单位的式I化合物。
9.一种治疗和/或预防以不正常的细胞分化和/或细胞增生为特征的疾病的方法,其中所述疾病包括牛皮癣和其他角质化疾病,与HIV有关的皮肤病,创伤愈合,癌症,包括皮肤癌,以及免疫系统的疾病或失调,如宿主对抗移植物和移植物对抗宿主反应和移植排斥反应,以及自体免疫疾病,如盘状和系统性红斑狼疮,自体免疫型糖尿病和慢性皮肤病,例如硬皮病和寻常天疱疮,以及炎性疾病,如类风湿性关节炎和哮喘,以及一些其他疾病包括甲状旁腺机能亢进,特别是与肾衰竭有关的继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进,识别损伤或老年性痴呆(Alzheimers disease)和其他神经变性疾病,高血压,痤疮,脱发,皮肤萎缩,例如甾体化合物诱发的皮肤萎缩,皮肤老化,包括光老化,以及涉及它们在促进骨生成和治疗/防止骨质疏松症和骨软化中的应用,该方法包括对需要治疗的病人使用有效量的权利要求7的药物组合物。
10.权利要求1-5中任何一项的化合物用于制备治疗和/或预防以不正常的细胞分化和/或细胞增生为特征的疾病的药物中的应用,其中所述疾病包括牛皮癣和其他角质化疾病,与HIV有关的皮肤病,创伤愈合,癌症,包括皮肤癌,以及免疫系统的疾病或失调,如宿主对抗移植物和移植物对抗宿主反应和移植排斥反应,以及自体免疫疾病,如盘状和系统性红斑狼疮,自体免疫型糖尿病和慢性皮肤病,例如硬皮病和寻常天疱疮,以及炎性疾病,如类风湿性关节炎和哮喘,以及一些其他疾病包括甲状旁腺机能亢进,特别是与肾衰竭有关的继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进,识别损伤或老年性痴呆(Alzheimers dis-ease)和其他神经变性疾病,高血压,痤疮,脱发,皮肤萎缩,例如甾体化合物诱发的皮肤萎缩,皮肤老化,包括光老化,以及涉及它们在促进骨生成和治疗/防止骨质疏松症和骨软化中的应用。
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US20110104186A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 | 2011-05-05 | Nicholas Valiante | Small molecule immunopotentiators and assays for their detection |
JP2008540549A (ja) | 2005-05-09 | 2008-11-20 | ハイドラ バイオサイエンシズ インコーポレイテッド | Trpv3機能調節用化合物 |
KR20110113664A (ko) * | 2006-08-29 | 2011-10-17 | 테바 파마슈티컬 인더스트리즈 리미티드 | 비타민 d 및 코르티코스테로이드를 포함하는 약학 조성물 |
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SG2014006324A (en) | 2009-01-27 | 2014-03-28 | Berg Llc | Vitamin d3 and analogs thereof for alleviating side effects associated with chemotherapy |
SG10201404883YA (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2014-10-30 | Berg Llc | Vitamin d3 and analogs thereof for treating alopecia |
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CA2058637A1 (en) * | 1990-02-06 | 1991-08-07 | Gunter Neef | Side-chain homologous vitamin d derivatives, process for their production, pharmaceutical preparations containing these derivatives and their use as pharmaceutical agents |
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- 1996-12-02 ES ES96939817T patent/ES2148816T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-02 PL PL96324920A patent/PL185100B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-02 US US08/981,646 patent/US5994332A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-02 AU AU76913/96A patent/AU701108B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-12-02 DE DE69608701T patent/DE69608701T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-02 KR KR1019970709904A patent/KR100548972B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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2000
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1934078B (zh) * | 2004-03-18 | 2011-07-06 | 利奥制药有限公司 | 维生素d类似物的立体选择性合成 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0865428B1 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
US5994332A (en) | 1999-11-30 |
WO1997020811A1 (en) | 1997-06-12 |
AU701108B2 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
GB9524812D0 (en) | 1996-02-07 |
GR3034198T3 (en) | 2000-11-30 |
HUP9802731A3 (en) | 1999-06-28 |
AU7691396A (en) | 1997-06-27 |
PT865428E (pt) | 2000-09-29 |
DE69608701D1 (de) | 2000-07-06 |
RU2194694C2 (ru) | 2002-12-20 |
PL185100B1 (pl) | 2003-02-28 |
KR100548972B1 (ko) | 2006-10-24 |
NZ322878A (en) | 2001-03-30 |
CN1079791C (zh) | 2002-02-27 |
PL324920A1 (en) | 1998-06-22 |
CZ359397A3 (cs) | 1998-09-16 |
ATE193528T1 (de) | 2000-06-15 |
RO117616B1 (ro) | 2002-05-30 |
JP2000502063A (ja) | 2000-02-22 |
HUP9802731A2 (hu) | 1999-02-01 |
KR19990028583A (ko) | 1999-04-15 |
EP0865428A1 (en) | 1998-09-23 |
CZ290096B6 (cs) | 2002-05-15 |
DK0865428T3 (da) | 2000-09-25 |
DE69608701T2 (de) | 2001-02-08 |
ES2148816T3 (es) | 2000-10-16 |
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